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    Wyświetlanie 1-35 z 35
    Tytuł:
    Diagnostics and scaling of fusion-produced neutrons in PF experiments
    Autorzy:
    Schmidt, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146622.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    neutron emission
    plasma focus
    scaling laws
    neutron diagnostics
    nuclear fusion
    Opis:
    Neutrons from a plasma focus (PF) device operated in a deuterium gas, measured as a function of time, location and direction of emission, reveal quite a number of important parameters on fusion reactions occurring in the dense high-current phase of the experiment. In addition the determination of the energy spectra of the emitted neutrons is important for understanding the mechanisms taking place for the neutron production. Results of neutron measurements in large experiments such as the former POSEIDON experiment in Stuttgart and the PF-1000 experiment in Warsaw are presented. The neutron diagnostic methods that had been utilized include nuclear track detectors, plastic scintillators coupled to photomultipliers, activation measurements, time-of-flight methods as well as pinholes for spatial resolution of the neutron source. The well known scaling law according to which the neutron yield scales roughly as the square of the energy input or the fourth power of the current is discussed. Reasons for strong deviation from this law for high energies - known as the saturation effect - are still a subject of debate.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 2; 107-112
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    On the influence of gas puff loads on plasma focus dynamics
    Autorzy:
    Schmidt, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/971523.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    computer modelling
    gas puffing
    nuclear fusion
    nuclear reactions
    plasma focus
    Z-pinch
    Opis:
    The plasma focus is a source of pulsed radiation, which is of interest in various fields of physics and technology. Applications include soft X-ray microscopy, soft X-ray and electron beam lithography. The plasma focus is also a highly efficient source of fast neutrons. If one applies gas puffing instead of static filling, decoupling of plasma conditions in the breakdown and compression phases can be achieved. Results of experiments with a fast valve and accompanying 2D modelling of the dynamic gas target are presented. Among other advantages of gas puffing, neutron yield could be increased up to a factor of three in appropriate experiments. The concept of gas puffing has been extensively investigated in many Z-pinch experiments including multiple gas puffs. It seems desirable to increase the efforts to understand and optimise the gas puffing option for small and large plasma focus devices.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2001, 46, 1; 15-19
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Stand und Anwendung der Rechnergestutzten Beregnungsberatung in der DDR
    Stan i zastosowanie opartego na technice obliczeniowj doradztwa dotyczącego deszczowania w NRD
    Sostojanie i ispol'zovanie konsul'tacii v oblasti dozhdevanija v GDR na baze vychislitel'nojj tekhniki
    Autorzy:
    Krause, H.
    Schmidt, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/794353.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1990
    Wydawca:
    Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    doradztwo
    zastosowanie
    deszczowanie
    NRD
    advisory service
    application
    sprinkling
    German Democratic Republic
    Opis:
    Wykazano znaczenie nawadniania dla intensyfikacji produkcji roślinnej w NRD oraz sposób organizacji systemu deszczowania. Przedstawiono komputerowy system tzw. IBSB-2, który służy do obliczania i programowania potrzeb deszczowania na terenie NRD.
    Излагается значение полива для интенсификации сельскохозяйственного производства в ГДР и обсуждаются организация и функция проекта ИСБС-2 для управления дождеванием с помощью ЭВМ.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych; 1990, 387
    0084-5477
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Response to cadmium depends on iron-status
    Autorzy:
    Tracz, K.
    Schmidt, H.
    Clemens, S.
    Antosiewicz, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/81231.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    conference
    cadmium
    tomato plant
    nicotianamine synthase
    transgenic plant
    iron-deficient condition
    Źródło:
    BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology; 2013, 94, 2
    0860-7796
    Pojawia się w:
    BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Studies on the management of textile floor covering waste
    Badania nad zagospodarowaniem odpadów włókienniczych pokryć podłogowych
    Autorzy:
    Cieślak, M.
    Schmidt, H.
    Gromadzińska, E.
    Wróbel, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/258278.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Eksploatacji - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    włókiennicze pokrycie podłogowe
    WPP
    odpady
    recykling
    textile floor covering
    TFC
    waste
    recycling
    Opis:
    Textile floor covering waste (TFC) is a complex material, and, to a great extent, non-degradable: therefore, it should not be disposed in landfill sites. The paper discusses some developments connected with the management of this type of waste implemented in the USA, the EU countries and also describes the current situation in Poland. Mechanical recycling of various types of TFC, including the segregation and disintegration of waste has been investigated and the screen analysis of the recycled products has been carried out.
    Odpady włókienniczych pokryć podłogowych (WPP) są materiałami złożonymi i w zdecydowanej większości trudno degradowalnymi, nie powinny więc trafiać na składowiska. W artykule przedstawiono rozwiązania związane z ich zagospodarowaniem, stosowane w Stanach Zjednoczonych, krajach Unii Europejskiej oraz aktualną sytuację w kraju. Przeprowadzono badania mechanicznego recyklingu różnych rodzajów WPP, obejmujące segregację i rozdrobnienie opadów oraz analizę sitową uzyskanych recyklatów.
    Źródło:
    Problemy Eksploatacji; 2006, 2; 181-191
    1232-9312
    Pojawia się w:
    Problemy Eksploatacji
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Electrical, Electromechanical and Piezoelectric Properties of Ca₃TaGa₃Si₂O₁₄ Resonators at Elevated Temperatures
    Autorzy:
    Suhak, Yu.
    Schulz, M.
    Sotnikov, A.
    Schmidt, H.
    Fritze, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1030925.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-04
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    77.65.Bn
    77.84.-s
    43.58.Bh
    07.20.Ka
    Opis:
    The electrical conductivity, resonance frequency and piezoelectric strain constants are determined for ordered piezoelectric Ca₃TaGa₃Si₂O₁₄ (CTGS) single crystals from room temperature to 900°C. The latter result from three independent methods, namely resonant, ultrasonic pulse-echo, and laser Doppler vibrometry techniques, which allows validating the results. Further, the long-term behaviour of fundamental materials properties including electrical conductivity and resonance frequency are examined at 1000°C for CTGS crystals, grown by different manufacturers. After an initial period of about 500 h, the conductivity is found to remain nearly constant for at least 1500 h. In a period of 2000-5000 h a decrease of conductivity by only 20% is observed. The resonance frequency is found to decrease almost linearly in a period of 500-5000 h for all investigated samples.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2018, 133, 4; 1069-1073
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Simulation of direct-sequence spread spectrum data transmission system for reliable underwater acoustic communications
    Autorzy:
    Kochańska, Iwona
    Schmidt, Jan H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/128008.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Poznańska. Instytut Mechaniki Stosowanej
    Tematy:
    underwater acoustic communications
    UAC
    direct sequence spread spectrum
    DSSS
    PRBS
    akustyczna komunikacja podwodna
    bezpośrednie modulowanie nośnej sekwencją kodową
    pseudolosowa sekwencja bitów
    Opis:
    Underwater acoustic communication (UAC) system designers tend to transmit as much information as possible, per unit of time, at as low as possible error rate. It is a particularly difficult task in a shallow underwater channel in which the signal suffers from strong time dispersion due to multipath propagation and refraction phenomena. The direct-sequence spread spectrum technique (DSSS) applied successfully in the latest standards of wireless communications, gives the chance of reliable data transmission with an acceptable error rate in a shallow underwater channel. It utilizes pseudo-random sequences to modulate data signals, and thus increases the transmitted signal resilience against the inter symbol interference (ISI) caused by multipath propagation. This paper presents the results of simulation tests of DSSS data transmission with the use of different UAC channel models using binary spreading sequences.
    Źródło:
    Vibrations in Physical Systems; 2019, 30, 1; 1-8
    0860-6897
    Pojawia się w:
    Vibrations in Physical Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Gamma radiolytic stability of CyMe4BTBP and the effect of nitric acid
    Autorzy:
    Schmidt, H.
    Wilden, A.
    Modolo, G.
    Švehla, J.
    Grüner, B.
    Ekberg, C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148662.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    CyMe4BTBP
    gamma radiolysis
    liquid-liquid extraction
    nitric acid
    partitioning
    protective effect
    Opis:
    The highly selective nitrogen donor ligand CyMe4BTBP for An(III) separation by solvent extraction was irradiated in a 60Co γ-source under varying conditions. Organic solutions of 10 mmol/L ligand in 1-octanol were contacted with different concentrations of nitric acid to observe the influence of an aqueous phase during irradiation. In subsequent liquid-liquid extraction experiments, distribution ratios of 241Am and 152Eu were determined. Distribution ratios decreased with increasing absorbed dose when irradiation was performed in the absence of nitric acid. With addition of nitric acid, initial distribution ratios remained constant over the whole examined dose range up to 300 kGy. For qualitative determination of radiolysis products, HPLC-MS measurements were performed. The protective effect of nitric acid was confi rmed, since in samples irradiated with acid contact, no degradation products were observed, but only addition products of the 1-octanol molecule to the CyMe4BTBP molecule.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2015, 60, No. 4, part 2; 879-884
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Modeling of KERENA emergency condenser
    Autorzy:
    Bryk, R.
    Schmidt, H.
    Mull, T.
    Wagner, T.
    Ganzmann, I.
    Herbst, O.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240358.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    condensation
    Kerena
    emergency condenser
    Modelica
    OpenModelica
    kondensacja
    kondensator awaryjny
    Opis:
    KERENA is an innovative boiling water reactor concept equipped with several passive safety systems. For the experimental verification of performance of the systems and for codes validation, the Integral Test Stand Karlstein (INKA) was built in Karlstein, Germany. The emergency condenser (EC) system transfers heat from the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) to the core flooding pool in case of water level decrease in the RPV. EC is composed of a large number of slightly inclined tubes. During accident conditions, steam enters into the tubes and condenses due to the contact of the tubes with cold water at the secondary side. The condensed water flows then back to the RPV due to gravity. In this paper two approaches for modeling of condensation in slightly inclined tubes are compared and verified against experiments. The first approach is based on the flow regime map. Depending on the regime, heat transfer coefficient is calculated according to specific semi-empirical correlation. The second approach uses a general, fully-empirical correlation. The models are developed with utilization of the object-oriented Modelica language and the open-source OpenModelica environment. The results are compared with data obtained during a large scale integral test, simulating loss of coolant accident performed at Integral Test Stand Karlstein (INKA). The comparison shows a good agreement. Due to the modularity of models, both of them may be used in the future in systems incorporating condensation in horizontal or slightly inclined tubes. Depending on his preferences, the modeller may choose one-equation based approach or more sophisticated model composed of several exchangeable semi-empirical correlations.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Thermodynamics; 2017, 38, 4; 29--51
    1231-0956
    2083-6023
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Thermodynamics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Underwater acoustic communication system using broadband signal with hyperbolically modulated frequency
    Autorzy:
    Schmidt, Jan H.
    Schmidt, Aleksander M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2146694.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Poznańska. Instytut Mechaniki Stosowanej
    Tematy:
    underwater acoustic communication
    shallow water
    hyperbolic modulation frequency signals
    akustyczna komunikacja podwodna
    wody płytkie
    hiperboliczna modulacja sygnałów częstotliwościowych
    Opis:
    The implementation of reliable acoustic underwater communication in shallow waters is a scientific and engineering challenge, mainly due to the permanent occurrence of the multipath phenomenon. The article presents the concept of a transmission system using a broadband signal with hyperbolically modulated frequency (HFM) to transmit data symbols and synchronize data frames. The simulation tests were carried out in channels with Rician fading, reflecting the short- and medium-range shallow water channels. The simulation also took into account the presence of additive Gaussian noise in the channel on the functioning of the receiver. The obtained results prove the high reliability of the underwater communication system based on broadband HFM signals.
    Źródło:
    Vibrations in Physical Systems; 2021, 32, 1; art. no. 2021116
    0860-6897
    Pojawia się w:
    Vibrations in Physical Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Synchronization system for underwater acoustic communications using in shallow waters
    Autorzy:
    Schmidt, Jan H.
    Schmidt, Aleksander M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201990.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Poznańska. Instytut Mechaniki Stosowanej
    Tematy:
    synchronization system
    underwater acoustic communications
    shallow water
    układy synchronizacji
    akustyczna komunikacja podwodna
    wody płytkie
    Opis:
    A reliable synchronization system of the transmitted data frame has a significant impact on the efficiency of the underwater communication system. This applies in particular to communication systems dedicated to work in shallow waters, where the phenomenon of multipath permanently occurs. To overcome these difficulties, the concept of a synchronization system consisting of two broadband signals of opposite monotonicity was presented. The method of receiving these signals has been described in detail. The stochastic channel model with Rician fading and the Watermark simulator was used to test the efficiency of the synchronization system in the underwater multipath channel.
    Źródło:
    Vibrations in Physical Systems; 2023, 34, 1; art. no. 2023102
    0860-6897
    Pojawia się w:
    Vibrations in Physical Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Savings Banks and Cooperative Banks in European Banking Systems
    Autorzy:
    Schmidt, Reinhard H.
    Bülbül, Dilek
    Schüwer, Ulrich
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/485173.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Bankowy Fundusz Gwarancyjny
    Tematy:
    Savings banks, Cooperative banks, Banking system
    Banki oszczędnościowe, Banki spółdzielcze, System bankowy
    Opis:
    Until about 25 years ago, almost all European countries had a so-called "three pillar" banking system comprising private banks, public savings banks and (mutual) cooperative banks. Since that time, several European countries have implemented far-reaching changes in their banking systems, which have more than anything else affected the two "pillars" of the savings and cooperative banks. The paper first describes these changes and points out the specific situation in Germany, as this country is almost unique in so far as the German savings banks and cooperative banks have maintained most of their traditional features. The article then describes the structure of the German "Three-Pillar" banking system and the place and role of savings and cooperative banks in it and concludes with a plea for diversity of institutional forms of banks by arguing why it is important to safeguard the strengths of those types of banks that do not conform to the model of a large shareholder-oriented commercial bank.
    Źródło:
    Bezpieczny Bank; 2014, 2(55); 38-49
    1429-2939
    Pojawia się w:
    Bezpieczny Bank
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Shallow Water Experiment of OFDM Underwater Acoustic Communications
    Autorzy:
    Kochańska, Iwona
    Schmidt, Jan H.
    Marszal, Jacek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177592.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
    Tematy:
    underwater acoustic communications
    UAC
    orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing
    OFDM
    Opis:
    The large variability of communication properties of underwater acoustic channels, and especially the strongly varying instantaneous conditions in shallow waters, is a challenge for the designers of underwater acoustic communication (UAC) systems. The use of phase modulated signals does not allow reliable data transmission through such a tough communication channel. However, orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM), being a multi-carrier amplitude and phase modulation technique applied successfully in the latest standards of wireless communications, gives the chance of reliable communication with an acceptable error rate. This paper describes communication tests conducted with the use of a laboratory model of an OFDM data transmission system in a shallow water environment in Wdzydze Lake.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Acoustics; 2020, 45, 1; 11-18
    0137-5075
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Acoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Performance of the Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Underwater Acoustic Communication System with Differential Detection in Strong Multipath Propagation Conditions
    Autorzy:
    Schmidt, Jan H.
    Kochańska, Iwona
    Schmidt, Aleksander M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31339747.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2024
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
    Tematy:
    direct sequence spread spectrum
    DSSS
    m-sequences
    Kasami codes
    shallow-water channel
    multipath propagation
    underwater acoustic communications
    UAC
    Opis:
    The underwater acoustic communication (UAC) operating in very shallow-water should ensure reliable transmission in conditions of strong multipath propagation, significantly disturbing the received signal. One of the techniques to achieve this goal is the direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) technique, which consists in binary phase shift keying (BPSK) according to a pseudo-random spreading sequence. This paper describes the DSSS data transmission tests in the simulation and experimental environment, using different types of pseudo-noise sequences: m-sequences and Kasami codes of the order 6 and 8. The transmitted signals are of different bandwidth and the detection at the receiver side was performed using two detection methods: non-differential and differential. The performed experiments allowed to draw important conclusions for the designing of a physical layer of the shallow-water UAC system. Both, m-sequences and Kasami codes allow to achieve a similar bit error rate, which at best was less than 10−3. At the same time, the 6th order sequences are not long enough to achieve an acceptable BER under strong multipath conditions. In the case of transmission of wideband signals the differential detection algorithm allows to achieve a significantly better BER (less than 10−2) than nondifferential one (BER not less than 10−1). In the case of narrowband signals the simulation tests have shown that the non-differential algorithm gives a better BER, but experimental tests under conditions of strong multipath propagation did not confirm it. The differential algorithm allowed to achieve a BER less than 10−2 in experimental tests, while the second algorithm allowed to obtain, at best, a BER less than 10−1. In addition, two indicators have been proposed for a rough assessment which of the detection algorithms under current propagation conditions in the channel will allow to obtain a better BER.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Acoustics; 2024, 49, 1; 129-140
    0137-5075
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Acoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Performance of coherent modulation scheme used in acoustic underwater communication system
    Autorzy:
    Schmidt, Jan H.
    Schmidt, Aleksander M.
    Kochańska, Iwona
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/127757.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Poznańska. Instytut Mechaniki Stosowanej
    Tematy:
    underwater acoustic communications
    shallow underwater channel
    coherent modulation
    akustyczna komunikacja podwodna
    płytki kanał podwodny
    modulacja koherentna
    Opis:
    The development of an acoustic underwater communication system for shallow waters is still a big scientific and construction challenge. Currently, non-coherent modulations in combination with strong channel coding are used to achieve reliable communication with low rate in such a channel. To obtain transmission with a higher transmission rate, it is required to use coherent modulation. This paper presents the assumptions of such a transmission system and the results of data transmission carried out by this system in the channel with the Rician fading, which reflects the short range shallow water channel. A digital version of the carrier phase modulation known as Phase-Shift Keying was selected for simulation.
    Źródło:
    Vibrations in Physical Systems; 2019, 30, 1; 1-8
    0860-6897
    Pojawia się w:
    Vibrations in Physical Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Impact of prey field variability on early cod larval survival: a sensitivity study of a Baltic cod Individual-based Model
    Autorzy:
    Schmidt, J.O.
    Hinrichsen, H.-H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48059.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Baltic Sea
    individual-based model
    calanoid copepod
    Acartia
    larva
    Temora longicornis
    predator-prey interaction
    spatial variation
    biophysical model
    Centropages hamatus
    cod
    Pseudocalanus acuspes
    Baltic cod
    Opis:
    Existing coupled biophysical models for Baltic larval cod drift, growth and survival use idealised constructed mean prey fields of nauplius distributions. These simulations revealed the best feeding conditions for Baltic cod larvae longer than 6 mm. For shorter, first feeding larvae (between 4.5 and 6 mm) pronounced differences in growth and survival were observed, which depend on food availability and to a lesser degree on ambient temperature. We performed runs with an Individual-based Model (IBM) for Baltic cod larvae in order to demonstrate how natural variability in prey abundance influences the survival success of first feeding larvae. In the Baltic, this larval stage lives mainly between 20 and 40 m depth and feeds exclusively on the nauplii of different calanoid copepods (Acartia spp., Pseudocalanus acuspes, Temora longicornis and Centropages hamatus). Prey data obtained from vertically stratified samples in the Bornholm Basin (Baltic Sea) in 2001 and 2002 indicate a strong variability at spatial and temporal scales. We calculated larval survival and growth in relation to natural variation of prey fields, i.e. species-specific nauplius abundance. The results of the model runs yielded larval survival rates from 60 to 100% if the mean size of nauplii species was taken and lower survival if prey consisted of early nauplius stages only.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2008, 50, 2; 205-220
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Comparison Between the Strain Indicator HRV of a Head-Based Virtual Retinal Display and LC-Head Mounted Displays for Augmented Reality
    Autorzy:
    Oehme, O.
    Schmidt, L.
    Luczak, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90667.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    virtual retinal display
    heart rate variability
    workload
    strain
    augmented reality
    stres
    komputer
    obciążenie pracą umysłową
    zagrożenia zdrowia
    praca przy komputerze
    Opis:
    Augmented Reality uses Head Mounted Displays (HMD) to overlay the real word with additional virtual information. Virtual Retinal Displays (VRD), a new display technology, no longer requires Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD). VRD technology addresses the retina directly with a single laser stream of pixels. There are no studies on the user’s informational strain in this new VRD technology. Various papers have shown that Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is a valid indicator for the user’s informational strain. An empirical test revealed no difference in the user’s HRV between VRD technology and LCD technology. Consequently, there seems to be a comparable user informational strain regarding the display types.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2003, 9, 4; 419-430
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Correlation analyses of Baltic Sea winter water mass formation and its impact on secondary and tertiary production
    Autorzy:
    Hinrichsen, H.H.
    Lehmann, A.
    Petereit, C.
    Schmidt, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47630.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    zooplankton
    fish egg
    development
    thermal stratification
    winter
    water
    Baltic Sea
    mass formation
    survival
    Opis:
    The thermal stratification of the upper water layers in the Baltic Sea varies seasonally in response to the annual cycle of solar heating and wind-induced mixing. In winter,the stratification down to the halocline is almost completely eroded by convection and strong wind mixing. Monthly averaged temperature profiles obtained from the ICES hydrographic database were used to study the long-term variability (1950 to 2005) of winter water mass formation in different deep basins of the Baltic Sea east of the island of Bornholm. Besides strong interannual variability of deep winter water temperatures,the last two decades show a positive trend (increase of 1–1.5◦C). Correlations of winter surface temperatures to temperatures of the winter water body located directly above or within the top of the halocline were strongly positive until the autumn months. Such a close coupling allows sea surface temperatures in winter to be used to forecast the seasonal development of the thermal signature in deeper layers with a high degree of confidence. The most significant impact of winter sea surface temperatures on the thermal signature in this depth range can be assigned to February/March. Stronger solar heating during spring and summer results in thermal stratification of the water column leading to a complete decoupling of surface and deep winter water temperatures. Based on laboratory experiments,temp erature-dependent relationships were utilised to analyse interannual variations of biological processes with special emphasis on the upper trophic levels (e.g.,stage-sp ecific developmental rates of zooplankton and survival rates of fish eggs).
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2007, 49, 3
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Biofilter model development for the removal of pollutants from feedlot runoff
    Autorzy:
    Wan, H.
    Wilson, B. N.
    Schmidt, D. R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/207193.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    biofilters
    parameter estimation
    pollution
    runoff
    biofiltr
    usuwanie zanieczyszczeń
    MinnFARM
    Opis:
    Biofilters are a potential treatment option for removing pollutants from feedlot runoff but little research has been done on their use and design. In this study, two mechanism -based models were developed to simulate biofilter processes: a first-order model and a logistic model. The two models were calibrated and evaluated using nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) data collected from rainfall events for an experimental biofilter at Melrose, Minnesota, USA. The first-order model predicted removal efficiencies better than the logistic model. The sensitivity analysis suggested that the predictions of the first-order model are more sensitive to parameter. In addition, the uncertainty analysis suggested that the range in predictive errors could be a consequence of uncertainty of estimating parameter from the limited data set for the first-order model. In contrast, the uncertainty analysis for the logistic model of N suggested that reasons other than the uncertainty in parameter estimation are needed to explain predictive errors. Overall, the study provides a useful tool for assessing biofilter performance that can easily be improved with larger observed data sets. The biofilter model has been implemented in the most recent version of the Minnesota feedlot annualized runoff model (MinnFARM).
    Źródło:
    Environment Protection Engineering; 2017, 43, 3; 61-80
    0324-8828
    Pojawia się w:
    Environment Protection Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Opportunities for employing field bean protein isolate in foods
    Możliwości wykorzystania izolatu białkowego z bobiku w technologii żywności
    Autorzy:
    Muschiolik, G.
    Schneider, C.
    Schmidt, G.
    Schmandke, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1399268.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1988
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Rozrodu Zwierząt i Badań Żywności Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Olsztynie
    Opis:
    Review on possibilities for using field bean protem isolate as a functional component in foods (coffee whitener, fish sause, meat emulsion, chopped meat products - to save raw materials for whose rearing or production a high expenditure of energy is necessary (e.g. meat, fish, milk protein).
    Bobik (Vicia faba L. var. minor) jest uprawiany w Europie głównie na cele paszowe. Jednakże jego główne składniki - skrobia i białko - są przedmiotem zainteresowania w technologii żywności Izolację białek z mąki bobiku prowadzi się po jej zdyspergowaniu przy pH 7,5. Po oddzieleniu skrobi precypitacja białka zachodzi w wyniku obniżenia pH do 4,2. W celu poprawy właściwości funkcjonalnych białka bobiku wprowadza się bezwodnik kwasu octowego do zdyspergowanej mąki podczas procesu ekstrakcji. Ze wzrostem stopnia acetylowania podwyższa się lepkość roztworu białka bobiku. Korzystnie zmienia się również zdolność tworzenia żelu i emulsji tłuszczu. Dzięki temu rysuje się możliwość wykorzystania izolatów białkowych bobiku w technologii i stabilizacji emulsji spożywczych. Podane są przykłady takich zastosowań (zabielacz do kawy, sos rybny). Dodatek izolatu białek do emulsji kiełbasianej obniża spożycie mięsa. Izolat daje się łatwo ekstrudować w mieszaninie z mąką z bobiku. Zastąpienie 25% mięsa ekstrudatem tego rodzaju w produkcji wyrobów z mięsa mielonego pozwala na obniżenie strat w czasie obróbki termicznej i jednoczesną poprawę tekstury. Włókniste eksteodery otrzymane z mieszaniny izolatu białka bobiku i kazeiny pozwalają na zastąpienie 20% mięsa w mielonych farszach rybnych stosowanych do wyrobu np. paluszków rybnych, polepszając także strukturę tych produktów. Zastosowanie izolatu białka bobiku prowadzi do oszczędności surowców, których produkcja wymaga dużych nakładów energetycznych.
    Źródło:
    Acta Alimentaria Polonica; 1988, 14(38), 1; 3-13
    0137-1495
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Alimentaria Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A CFD package for the 3D Navier-Stokes computation of unsteady flows in turbomachines
    Autorzy:
    Thermann, H.
    Schmidt, S.
    Weiss, C.
    Niehuis, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1967647.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska
    Tematy:
    CFD
    computational fluid dynamics CFD
    turbomachinery
    laminar-to-turbulent transition
    flutter
    clocking
    Navier-Stokes package
    Opis:
    A 3D Navier-Stokes package for the time-accurate computation of unsteady flows in turbomachines with emphasis on wide applicability, portability and efficiency is presented. The package consists of three components: the elliptic grid generator FRAME, the parallelised implicit Reynolds- and Favre-averaged Navier-Stokes solver PANTA and the post-processor TREAT especially designed for unsteady flow phenomena. The applicability of the package covers both rotor/stator interaction and blade flutter phenomena in multirow and multipassage 2D, Quasi3D and general 3D configurations in a wide range of flow velocities (subsonic, transonic). For turbulent computations either a Low-Reynolds-Number k-" or k-! turbulence model is available. Additionally, an algebraic transition model can be chosen from a variety of different models to enhance the accuracy of prediction for transitional flow phenomena. A description of the underlying algorithms and numerical methods as well as the main features and characteristics of each of the three components is given. Furthermore, selected examples of typical turbomachinery applications are shown to demonstrate these features.
    Źródło:
    TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk; 2001, 5, 4; 537-547
    1428-6394
    Pojawia się w:
    TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Determination of Exchange and Rotatable Anisotropies in Co₂FeSi/IrMn Exchange Coupled Structures using Broadband Ferromagnetic Resonance
    Autorzy:
    Głowiński, H.
    Schmidt, M.
    Krysztofik, A.
    Gościańska, I.
    Dubowik, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1386989.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-02
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    75.30.Gw
    75.30.Et
    75.60.Jk
    Opis:
    We determined exchange $H_{ex}$ and rotatable $H_{rot}$ anisotropy fields of multilayers that comprise 10 nm Co₂FeSi (CFS) layers exchange coupled to 20 nm IrMn layers by using ferromagnetic resonance with a vector network analyzer (VNA-FMR). The multilayer structures consist of IrMn/bottom (b)-CFS/IrMn/middle (m)-CFS/IrMn/top (t)-CFS/IrMn layers so that each CFS layer is surrounded by a pair of IrMn layers. In the structures, the exchange bias field propagates in such a way that $H_{ex}^{t}$ > $H_{ex}^{m}$ > $H_{ex}^{b}$ for the top, middle, and bottom layer, respectively. FMR response measured along the exchange bias (EB) axis consist of only two absorptions related to the (b+m)- and (t)-CFS layers, respectively. Exchange and rotatable anisotropy determined independently from angular and dispersion measurements of the resonance fields are nearly the same. Rotatable anisotropy field scales with the exchange bias field in these complex structures.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2015, 127, 2; 531-533
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Numerical simulation of the influence of a fillet and a bulb on the secondary flow in a compressor cascade
    Autorzy:
    Hoeger, M.
    Schmidt-Eisenlohr, U.
    Gomez, S.
    Sauer, H.
    Müller, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1986762.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska
    Tematy:
    secondary flow
    compressor cascade
    fillet
    bulb
    Opis:
    Large fillet radii are typically found on highly loaded compressor rotors to ensure structural integrity. The objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of such real geometry effects on the flow at the hub section. Investigations were performed numerically for the idealised case of a plane compressor cascade with the 3D Navier-Stokes code TRACE_S. Realistic inlet boundary layer displacement thickness and typical loading levels close to stall are considered at low inlet Mach numbers Ma1 = 0.23. A large fillet with a relative radius of 16% chord length is considered as well as a 3D leading edge bulb-configuration designed at TU Dresden. The results are discussed in terms of iso-Mach surfaces, secondary flow patterns and spanwise incidence and turning. A complex 3D vortex system rises from the fillet radius, which improves the aerodynamic behaviour of the cascade at the end-wall section. With the bulb configuration the suction surface horse-shoe vortex leg was demonstrated to weaken the undesirable cross flow and by that to reduce the hazard of corner stall.
    Źródło:
    TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk; 2002, 6, 1; 25-37
    1428-6394
    Pojawia się w:
    TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    High-Quality Ni-Fe/Cu Multilayer Films with Antiferromagnetic Coupling
    Autorzy:
    Stobiecki, F.
    Dubowik, J.
    Luciński, T.
    Szymański, B.
    Rohrmann, H.
    Röll, K.
    Schmidt, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955455.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1997-02
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    75.50.Tt
    76.50.+g
    Opis:
    We report structural and magnetic properties of Ni$\text{}_{83}$Fe$\text{}_{17}$/Cu multilayer films with various buffer layer and sublayer thicknesses of copper d$\text{}_{Cu}$ and Permalloy d$\text{}_{Py}$ deposited by face-to-face sputtering. The following features prove a good quality of our films: a well-layered structure, complete antiferromagnetic coupling with a low coupling strength (2×10$\text{}^{-5}$ J/m$\text{}^{2}$ for d$\text{}_{Cu}$=1 nm and 10$\text{}^{-6}$ J/m$\text{}^{^2}$ for d$\text{}_{Cu}$=2.1 nm) and a low coercive field which make them attractive for possible applications as giant magnetoresistance sensors.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 1997, 91, 2; 277-280
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Magnon and Soliton Excitations in the Carrier-Poor, One-Dimensional S=1/2 Antiferromagnet Yb$\text{}_{4}$As$\text{}_{3}$
    Autorzy:
    Steglich, F.
    Köppen, M.
    Gegenwart, P.
    Cichorek, T.
    Wand, B.
    Lang, M.
    Thalmeier, P.
    Schmidt, B.
    Aoki, H.
    Ochiai, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2011226.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    75.30.Mb
    65.50.+m
    65.70.+y
    Opis:
    The semimetallic quasi-one-dimensional S=1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet Yb$\text{}_{4}$As$\text{}_{3}$ was studied by low-temperature measurements of the specific heat C(T,B), thermal expansion α(T,B), and thermal conductivity ĸ(T,B). At finite magnetic fields (B≤12 T) we observed the following distinct anomalies: (1) the magnon contribution to C(T,0), γ T, with large coefficient γ ≈ 200 mJ/(K$\text{}^{2}$mol), becomes strongly reduced with field, and (2) a broad hump in C(T,B=const) is induced at slightly higher temperatures. (3) The latter corresponds to a pronounced peak in α(T,B=const) as well as (4) to a broad minimum in ĸ(T,B= const)/ĸ(T,0). These anomalies are well described by the classical sine-Gordon solution of a one-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet with a weak easy-plane anisotropy. However, the soliton-rest energy deduced from the experimental results depends on the magnetic field like E$\text{}_{S}$ ~ B$\text{}^{ν}$, with an exponent ν ≈ 0.66, while the classical sine-Gordon model requires ν=1. Thus, our results suggest an alternative description of soliton excitations in an antiferromagnetic S=1/2 Heisenberg chain in terms of the quantum sine-Gordon model, for which an exponent ν=2/3 is appropriate.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2000, 97, 1; 91-100
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Strong Electric Field Driven Carrier Transport Non-Linearities in n-Type GaAs/AlGaAs Superlattices
    Autorzy:
    Subačius, L.
    Venckevičius, R.
    Kašalynas, I.
    Seliuta, D.
    Valušis, G.
    Schmidt, J.
    Lisauskas, A.
    Roskos, H.
    Alekseev, K.
    Köhler, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1505524.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011-02
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    68.65.Cd
    06.60.Jn
    73.90.+f
    Opis:
    Nanosecond pulsed technique was used to study and discriminate strong electric field induced effects in carrier transport in silicon doped GaAs/$Al_{0.3}Ga_{0.7}As$ superlattices at room temperature. The experiment shows that the superlattice can serve as gain media to employ parametric phenomena for microwave amplification.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2011, 119, 2; 167-169
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Charging Phenomena at the Interface Between High-k Dielectrics and SiOx Interlayers
    Autorzy:
    Engström, O.
    Raeissi, B.
    Piscator, J.
    Mitrovic, I. Z.
    Hall, S.
    Gottlob, H. D. B.
    Schmidt, M.
    Hurley, P. K.
    Cherkaoui, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308138.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    defects
    dielectrics
    high-k
    metal oxide semiconductor
    Opis:
    The transition regions of GdSiO/SiOx and HfO2/ SiOx interfaces have been studied with the high-k layers deposited on silicon substrates. The existence of transition regions was verified by medium energy ion scattering (MEIS) data and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). From measurements of thermally stimulated current (TSC), electron states were found in the transition region of the HfO2/SiOx structures, exhibiting instability attributed to the flexible structural molecular network expected to surround the trap volumes. The investigations were focused especially on whether the trap states belong to an agglomeration consisting of a single charge polarity or of a dipole constellation. We found that flat-band voltage shifts of MOS structures, that reach constant values for increasing oxide thickness, cannot be taken as unique evidence for the existence of dipole layers.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2010, 1; 10-19
    1509-4553
    1899-8852
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Nanostructural Superconducting Materials for Fault Current Limiters and Cryogenic Electrical Machines
    Autorzy:
    Prikhna, T.
    Gawalek, W.
    Savchuk, Ya.
    Sergienko, N.
    Moshchil, V.
    Sokolovsky, V.
    Vajda, J.
    Tkach, V.
    Karau, F.
    Weber, H.
    Eisterer, M.
    Joulain, A.
    Rabier, J.
    Chaud, X.
    Wendt, M.
    Dellith, J.
    Danilenko, N.
    Habisreuther, T.
    Dub, S.
    Meerovich, V.
    Litzkendorf, D.
    Nagorny, P.
    Kovalev, L.
    Schmidt, Ch.
    Melnikov, V.
    Shapovalov, A.
    Kozyrev, A.
    Sverdun, V.
    Kosa, J.
    Vlasenko, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1549637.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    74.25.Sv
    74.81.Bd
    74.70.Ad
    74.78.Na
    74.62.Fj
    74.25.Ld
    74.62.Dh
    74.25.Ha
    Opis:
    Materials of the Y-Ba-Cu-O (melt-textured $YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{7-δ}$-based materials or MT-YBCO) and Mg-B-O ($MgB_{2}$-based materials) systems with high superconducting performance, which can be attained due to the formation of regularly distributed nanostructural defects and inhomogeneities in their structure can be effectively used in cryogenic technique, in particular in fault current limiters and electrical machines (electromotors, generators, pumps for liquid gases, etc.). The developed processes of high-temperature (900-800°C) oxygenation under elevated pressure (16 MPa) of MT-YBCO and high-pressure (2 GPa) synthesis of $MgB_{2}$-based materials allowed us to attain high superconductive (critical current densities, upper critical fields, fields of irreversibility, trapped magnetic fields) and mechanical (hardness, fracture toughness, Young modulus) characteristics. It has been shown that the effect of materials properties improvement in the case of MT-YBCO was attained due to the formation of high twin density (20-22 $μm^{-1}$), prevention of macrocracking and reduction (by a factor of 4.5) of microcrack density, and in the case of $MgB_{2}$-based materials due to the formation of oxygen-enriched as compared to the matrix phase fine-dispersed Mg-B-O inhomogeneities as well as inclusions of higher borides with near-$MgB_{12}$ stoichiometry in the Mg-B-O matrix (with 15-37 nm average grain sizes). The possibility is shown to obtain the rather high $T_{c}$ (37 K) and critical current densities in materials with $MgB_{12}$ matrix (with 95% of shielding fraction as calculated from the resistant curve).
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2010, 117, 1; 7-14
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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