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    Wyświetlanie 1-31 z 31
    Tytuł:
    A directional sonobuoy system for submarine detection
    Autorzy:
    Salamon, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332131.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    This article outlines the methods of detecting and locating submarines. Special attention is paid to the airborne system utilizing directional sonobuoys. The article discusses operating principles of such systems, a method of detecting and estimating the approach direction of the acoustic wave emitted by the vessel, and practical visualization methods. The article is related to the successful development of a Polish prototype of a directional sonobuoy acoustic system processor.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2004, 7; 195-208
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Detection Range of Intercept Sonar for CWFM Signals
    Autorzy:
    Marszal, J.
    Salamon, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176394.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    intercept sonar
    silent sonar
    CWFM signal
    detection
    detection range
    Opis:
    Stealth in military sonars applications may be ensured through the use of low power signals making them difficult to intercept by the enemy. In recent years, silent sonar design has been investigated by the Department of Marine Electronic Systems of the Gdansk University of Technology. This article provides an analysis of how an intercept sonar operated by the enemy can detect silent sonar signals. To that end a theoretical intercept sonar model was developed with formulas that can numerically determine the intercept ranges of silent sonar sounding signals. This was tested for a variety of applications and water salinities. Because they are also presented in charts, the results can be used to compare the intercept ranges of silent sonar and traditional pulse sonar.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Acoustics; 2014, 39, 2; 215-230
    0137-5075
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Acoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Determining the distribution of acoustic field intensity using the sound ray density method
    Autorzy:
    Gawrysiak, J.
    Salamon, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/331706.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The article presents a numerical method for determining the intensity of sound. The method is based on surface density of sound rays. It assumes that a ray of sound carries a specific acoustic power. As a result, it is no longer necessary to determine intensity in caustics, especially given the fact that intensity determined in caustics using the method employed so far has an infinite value.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2000, 3; 99-104
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Doppler estimation method for moving target location
    Autorzy:
    Salamon, R.
    Marszal, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/331983.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The article presents an algorithm for target location based solely on Doppler shift of echo acoustic signals of a moving underwater object. The algorithm is designed for use in multi-static systems for protecting bodies of water from terrorist attacks by divers or submerged vehicles. The original source of signals is a transmitter emitting continuous acoustic waves. The echo signals from moving object are received by hydrophones located at fixed and known points in the water. Doppler shifts are determined from discrete Fourier transforms of hydrophone signals. The proposed iterative algorithm for target location calculates the approximate values of target speed vector and target coordinates which correspond to speed vectors as calculated previously.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2010, 13; 225-234
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Application of parametric methods of power spectrum estimation in passive sonar signals classification
    Autorzy:
    Schmidt, J.
    Salamon, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332824.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1999
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The paper presents the signals classification method based on the parametric spectral analysis as applied to the passive sonar. The system's structure is discussed special emphasis is given to the procedure of features selection in which true poles are chosen. Attached are results of tests carried out to evaluate the applicability of parametric methods of spectral estimation for the purpose of creating acoustic portraits and their classification.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 1999, 2; 145-150
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Distance measurement errors in silent FM-CW sonar with matched filtering
    Autorzy:
    Marszal, J.
    Salamon, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/220637.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    silent sonar
    frequency modulation
    continuous wave
    matched filtering
    distance measurement
    errors
    Doppler effect
    Opis:
    The secretiveness of sonar operation can be achieved by using continuous frequency-modulated sounding signals with reduced power and significantly prolonged repeat time. The application of matched filtration in the sonar receiver provides optimal conditions for detection against the background of white noise and reverberation, and a very good resolution of distance measurements of motionless targets. The article shows that target movement causes large range measurement errors when linear and hyperbolic frequency modulations are used. The formulas for the calculation of these errors are given. It is shown that for signals with linear frequency modulation the range resolution and detection conditions deteriorate. The use of hyperbolic frequency modulation largely eliminates these adverse effects.
    Źródło:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2012, 19, 2; 321-332
    0860-8229
    Pojawia się w:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of distance measurement errors in CW FM sonar with MLS code modulation
    Autorzy:
    Jedel, A.
    Marszal, J.
    Salamon, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/331626.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Tematy:
    CW FM sonar
    pseudorandom sequence
    Doppler effect
    sonar parameters
    Opis:
    Although used in the classic silent sonar, the CW FM sounding signal has a major flaw which is its inaccuracy in determining the distance to a target. The authors of the article have developed a concept of silent sonar using frequency modulation signals switched by pseudorandom codes, already discussed in their previous work. This article presents a detailed analysis of errors in CW FM sonar with pseudo-random sequence code modulation confronted with errors which occur in similar sonar without code modulation.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2017, 20; 75-84
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Principles of computing and displaying the results of detection by underwater systems as part of sound velocity measurements
    Autorzy:
    Raganowicz, A.
    Kilian, L.
    Salamon, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/331744.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Tematy:
    hydroacoustics
    underwater systems
    hydrolocation
    hydrocommunication systems
    Opis:
    The paper presents the upgraded system for measurements of sound velocity profiles and for computing and imaging the terms of detection in different hydrolocation and hydrocommunication systems. Three types of computations made by the system's processors are discussed. The most interesting task is to link the propagation routes and ray density with the parameters of the hydroacoustic system to obtain the desired display of the conditions to detect the signal from the background noises. Presented discussion of methodology of determining detection conditions using different forms of range equation gives a more detailed description of this task. In the next part of this paper the software's display function and necessary settings are specified and discussed. In the end two examples of computed detection conditions images (for active and passive sonar) are shown.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2003, 6; 267-274
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Continuous wave sonar with hyperbolic frequency modulation keyed by pseudo-random sequence
    Autorzy:
    Jedel, A.
    Marszal, J.
    Salamon, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/331999.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Tematy:
    CW FM
    pseudorandom sequence
    Doppler effect
    matched filtering
    Opis:
    A CW FM type sounding signal is used in the classical solution of silent sonar. While the signal provides a relatively simple implementation of digital signal processing, and ensures good detection conditions, unfortunately, in the presence of the Doppler effect, distance measurement results tend to be wrong. This is due to the fact that the received signal’s instantaneous frequency value is dependent both on the distance to the object, and its speed. Sounding signal, as patented by the authors, is a combination of Pseudo-Random Sequences (PRS), and elementary signals of Hyperbolic Frequency Modulation (HFM) type. The structure of this signal is aimed at minimizing measurement error. The article presents the idea of a sounding signal of HFM+PRS type, and the results of computer simulations.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2016, 19; 185-196
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Processing the complex signal in the acoustic processor of a sonobuoy system
    Autorzy:
    Raganowicz, A.
    Rudnicki, M.
    Salamon, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332675.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The article presents digital methods for processing the complex signal in the acoustic processor of a sonobuoy. The overall system design and the complex signal are presented. Two alternative methods for signal processing are discussed: in the time domain and in the frequency domain. Block diagrams of the algorithms of both processing methods are included. The problems involved in the practical implementation of data analysis methods are discussed. The problems are produced by the phenomena occurring in the system’s analogue section and by the complexity of the computation related to how powerful the digital algorithms are. The computation errors in both methods are analysed. The advantages and disadvantages of the different signal processing methods are discussed, with emphasis on the practicality of the device. The advantage of the processing method in the frequency domain is explained. Graphic images of the results of both processing methods are included on the example of real signals received during the study.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2005, 8; 163-170
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Code signals transmission using MFSK modulation in shallow waters
    Autorzy:
    Zachariasz, K.
    Schmidt, J.
    Salamon, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332705.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The paper presents an acoustic system for the transmission of digital data in shallow coastal waters of which multi-path propagation and intense reverberations are characteristic. To ensure a small error probability of moderate speed transmission, the system uses corrective codes and a technique of incoherent modulation MFSK (Mufti Frequency Shift Keying). To synthesise the transmission signal, estimate the spectrum of the signal received and code and decode the channels, a DSP processor was used. The paper includes the results of a computer simulation in which the system was put to work in the presence of Gaussian noise. The system was tested in shallow coastal waters and the results are discussed in the paper.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2001, 4; 261-264
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Thermal maturity and depositional environments of organic matter in the post-Variscan succession of the Holy Cross Mountains
    Autorzy:
    Marynowski, L.
    Salamon, R.
    Narkiewicz, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2059919.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    Holy Cross Mountains
    Permian
    Triassic
    biomarkers
    depositional environment
    thermal maturity
    Opis:
    The results of GC-MS investigations of biomarkers in organic matter from the epicontinental Permian and Triassic strata of the Holy Cross Mts. indicate generally suboxic (Permian) and oxic (Triassic, except for the Middle Muschelkalk) depositional environments with accompanying intensive bacterial reworking of organic remains. The biomarker spectra found in the Middle Muschelkalk and in the Entolium discites Beds (Upper Muschelkalk) show the presence of gammacerane, an increased concentration of C34 homohopanes and a Pr/Ph ratio not exceeding 1. All these observations suggest a hypersaline sedimentary environment with water column stratification and poorly oxygenated conditions. Thermal maturity investigations were based on both vitrinite reflectance and biomarker indices. The organic matter in the Triassic succession is slightly more mature along the northern margin of the Holy Cross Mts. than along their southern part, due probably to a regional increase in the maximum burial depth during the Mesozoic. The maturity of the Permian strata at Gałęzice (southern Holy Cross Mts.) is similar to that of the Triassic rocks whereas Kajetanów (in the north) is characterised by values significantly higher and comparable to those found in wells further north. The difference cannot be accounted for solely by differential burial depths, and implies the existence of a positive thermal anomaly active before the Middle Triassic. Our investigations generally confirmed the low thermal maturity of the Triassic. However, contrary to earlier interpretations, we suggest that the maximum burial depths based on a reconstructed thickness of the post-Triassic deposits may account for the observed maturity levels, assuming that geothermal gradients in the Mesozoic were similar to today's.
    Źródło:
    Geological Quarterly; 2002, 46, 1; 25-36
    1641-7291
    Pojawia się w:
    Geological Quarterly
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Application of maximum length sequence in silent sonar
    Autorzy:
    Marszal, J.
    Salamon, R.
    Kilian, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/331898.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    Silent sonars are designed to reduce the distance over which their sounding pulses can be detected by intercept sonars. In order to meet this objective, we can use periodical sounding signals that have low power, a very long duration and wide spectrum. If used in the silent sonar’s receiver, matched filtration ensures very good detection of motionless or slow moving targets. However, it is more difficult to detect echo signals of fast moving targets with Doppler effect causing significant error in target distance measurements. In an effort to find signals that can better resist Doppler effect, maximum length sequence was tested for its application in silent sonar. It has an elementary signal which includes linear frequency modulation. It was demonstrated that the signal produces much better results than those obtained with simple frequency modulation signals.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2012, 15; 143-152
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    General analysis of broadband signal spatial filtration
    Autorzy:
    Salamon, R.
    Rudnicki, M.
    Schmidt, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332491.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Tematy:
    acoustics
    spatial filtration
    underwater acoustic
    Opis:
    The majority of underwater acoustic systems use narrow band sounding signals. Consequently, there is extensive knowledge on how the relevant spatial filters should be analysed and designed. The difficulty begins when the sounding signal has a broad spectrum. Applying the results of narrow band signal analysis to broadband signals leads to serious errors. The same is true for spatial filtration methods when applied to narrow band signals. The article presents a general method for analysing spatial filters designed for broadband signals. It also gives an assessment of the errors caused by applying spatial filtration methods designed for narrow band signals.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2003, 6; 251-260
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Underwater communication system for shallow water using modified MFSK modulation
    Autorzy:
    Schmidt, J.
    Zachariasz, K.
    Salamon, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332663.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The paper describes the design and operation of the Modified MFSK system for underwater communication. Its function is to transmit data and commands from ships to underwater objects in shallow coastal waters and lakes. The system was primarily required to ensure energy efficiency in its underwater section and the minimum of transmission errors. The emphasis was on non-linear distortions produced in piezoelectric transducers, an untypical source of errors.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2005, 8; 179-184
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    OFDM modulation and adaptive equalization for underwater communications
    Autorzy:
    Kochańska, I.
    Lasota, H.
    Salamon, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332731.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    Transmission performances of a shallow underwater channel are limited due to multiple reflections of sound waves off the bottom and water surface, and to the non-stationarity caused mainly by water surface movement. In traditional narrowband telecommunication modems complex Decision Feedback Equalizers are used for minimizing the influence of intersymbol interferences caused by multipath propagation of sound waves. The article proposes adapting OFDM modulation and adaptive equalization based on Kalman filtration techniques for use in underwater communications system. The OFDM modulation is used in wideband ADSL telecommunication modems. The Kalman filtration algorithm is used for time-varying processes identification. The techniques were tested in simulation environment with promising results.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2005, 8; 77-82
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Silent sonar with matched filtration
    Autorzy:
    Salamon, R.
    Marszal, J.
    Schmidt, J.
    Rudnicki, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/331754.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    Radars with continuous wave frequency (CW FM sonars) are used in radiolocation as ‘silent radars’. They determine the distance to target by measuring the difference between the frequency of the sounding signal and echo signal. The article presents the principle of operation and parameters of silent CW FM sonars. Target distance determined by these sonars is based on the signal at the output of the matched filter. The Doppler effect is studied in detail to identify its effect on the sonar’s parameters. The results of theoretical calculations are presented together with the results of the sonar’s computer simulation.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2011, 14; 199-208
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Doppler effect in the cw fm sonar
    Autorzy:
    Marszal, J.
    Salamon, R.
    Zachariasz, K.
    Schmidt, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/331758.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    When sonars are used for military purposes they have to ensure unobtrusive operation, afeature that can be potentially secured by ‘silent sonars’ or continuous wave frequency modulation sonars (CW FM sonars). The article presents how these sonars operate and identifies the relations between their parameters. The Doppler effect and its impact on the CW FM sonar are studied to identify how it affects the sonar’s parameters. The results of simplified theoretical calculations are supported with results of computer simulations of a more realistic model.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2011, 14; 157-164
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Electronic stabilization of beams in sonar with cylindrical array
    Autorzy:
    Marszal, J.
    Leśniak, W.
    Salamon, R.
    Schmidt, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332362.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The article presents the principle of operation of the beamformer of sonar with a cylin-drical array. It demonstrates that a modified beamformer can be used for beam electronic stabilization. The paper presents the algorithm of a digital beamformer used to ensure that the beam’s axis is maintained in a horizontal plane when the ship’s pitch and roll are known. Finally, the article gives an overview of the technical problems of electronic beam deflection.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2006, 9; 119-124
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Visual representation of the effects of spatial and frequency filters applied in passive sonars
    Autorzy:
    Raganowicz, A.
    Salamon, R.
    Rudnicki, M.
    Kilian, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/331957.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The operator of a passive sonar should be able to discern the direction (bearing) of a submerged, noise-producing object. Interference to bearing comes from reverberations, noise from the sea, man-made noise and noise generated by other objects. The article presents methods of spatial and frequency filtration designed to provide various forms of display of those fragments of the spectrum that are of interest to the operator. The operator makes his selection on the basis of many spectrograms that are produced during the successive listening cycles, displayed on the monitor. The amplitudes of spectral lines in the spectrograms are presented as lines of various lengths and colours. The summation spectrum of the displayed listening cycles is presented, too. The lines from a selected spectral range are shown on the panoramic amplitude graph in the function of the bearing angle. Thanks to that the determination of the location of the source of sound is significantly improved. The source of sound can also be discerned by using a reverse technique whereby a group of spectral lines is determined on the basis of a selected sector of angular observation.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2001, 4; 213-116
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mutual Clutter Suppression Techniques for FM Sonars
    Autorzy:
    Marszal, J.
    Rudnicki, M.
    Jedel, A.
    Salamon, R.
    Kochańska, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176495.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    sonar
    signal processing
    FM
    LFM
    HFM
    clutter
    crosstalk
    Opis:
    The article presents methods that help in the elimination of mutual clutter as well as the consequences of two FM sounding signal sonars operating in the same body of water and frequency band. An in-depth analysis of mutual clutter was carried out. The effects of sounding signal differentiation were determined, as was the Doppler effect on mutual clutter suppression. One of the methods analysed is of particular interest in a situation in which collaborating sonars are operating in opposite frequency modulation directions. This method is effective for both linear and hyperbolic frequency modulations. A formula was derived, identifying exactly how much quantities of clutter may be lessened. The work included comprehensive computer simulations and measurements as well as tests in real-life conditions.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Acoustics; 2016, 41, 4; 721-729
    0137-5075
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Acoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Signal processing in the hydroacoustic ships berthing aid system
    Autorzy:
    Marszal, J.
    Salamon, R.
    Kilian, L.
    Raganowicz, A.
    Szurowski, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332707.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1997
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The berthing of ships is an extremely complicated task that requires decisions on the movement of ships based on a large number of variabies: tide wind, visibility, speed, distance from jetty. Particular difficulties are related to the less maneuverable ships such as very large crude carriers. The presented hydroacoustic ships berthing aid system measures four distances of a ship to the jetty using the sonar echo method. The system computer calculates the bow and stern speed and distances to dolphins from the measured data. The results obtained are simultaneously presented on a large, high luminance display as well as printed out and recorded on computer discs. Additionally the dolphins displacements are measured and the data obtained together with its statistical parameters are recorded.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 1997, 1; 237-242
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dynamic control of the receiving beam horizontal cross-section in the side scan sonar
    Autorzy:
    Jedel, A.
    Kilian, L.
    Marszal, J.
    Ostrowski, Z.
    Salamon, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332725.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    A decade old side scan sonars are now being modernised by way of dynamically controlling the width of the receiving beam in the horizontal cross-section. The result is a quasi-constant linear resolution of the sonar (replacing constant angular resolution), when it picks up echo signals as it moves further away from the targets. The advantage of the treatment is that the ship using the side scan sonar can increase its speed without risking the loss of near targets’ echo. The articles describes how the system of dynamic control was implemented. Special TVG systems were introduced to control dynamic signal gain from several separate sections of the sonar’s acoustic array, which was divided symmetrically into unequal sections. The location of these systems in the sonar’s receiver is presented. Examples are given of curves that control TVG and of the effects of dynamic horizontal stabilisation of the sonar’s linear resolution as it receives signals.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2005, 8; 69-76
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Bearing errors in passive sonar stationary target location
    Autorzy:
    Schmidt, A.
    Marszal, J.
    Salamon, R.
    Jedel, A.
    Ostrowski, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332830.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Tematy:
    bearing errors
    passive sonar
    hydroacoustics
    Opis:
    The paper presents a method for determining the coordinates of stationary targets using passive sonar bearing. It identifies the requirements sonar movements must meet to keep the incorrect determination of coordinates to a minimum. It gives the relations, which help determine coordinate errors analytically. Numerical experiments are used to demonstrate the success of the analysis.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2009, 12; 189-200
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Method for improving multibeam sonar bearing accuracy
    Autorzy:
    Leśniak, W.
    Marszal, J.
    Salamon, R.
    Zachariasz, K.
    Schmidt, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332790.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Tematy:
    multibeam sonar
    sonar bearing accuracy
    sonars
    Opis:
    The paper presents a simple method for improving multibeam sonar bearing accuracy. The principle proposed here is similar to the monopulse method, a solution commonly used in radars and sonars. With no manual or automatic beam rotation, the method offers a substantial reduction in the demand for sonar computational effort. It significantly reduces bearing error for a relatively high signal to noise ratio. The paper gives a boundary value of the output signal to noise ratio which when exceeded satisfactorily improves bearing accuracy.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2009, 12; 98-108
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Multibeam sonar with hexagonal array
    Autorzy:
    Salamon, R.
    Marszal, J.
    Kilian, L.
    Jedel, A.
    Ostrowski, Z.
    Raganowicz, A.
    Rudnicki, M.
    Wofan, Z.
    Zachariasz, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332250.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1999
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The paper presents a multi-beam digital sonar that was designed for monitoring and fish stock assessment in in/and waters. The sonar can also be used as a bottom profiler in lakes, rivers and shallow sea areas. The hexagonal piezoelectric transducer array co-operates with a commutator set. The 32 -channel digital beamformer creates 30 narrow receiving beams in every 60o sector of simultaneous observation. The six sectors cover the whole 360o angle range of the sonar. The beamformer digital signal processing is based on second order sampling of echo signals and the phase-shifting principle of beam deflection. The sonar block diagram, beamformer algorithms, as well as transducers designs are discussed.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 1999, 2; 133-138
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Modernization of ASW sonar SQS-56 at Gdansk University of Technology
    Autorzy:
    Marszal, J.
    Schmidt, J.
    Salamon, R.
    Kilian, L.
    Raganowicz, A.
    Zachariasz, K.
    Ostrowski, Z.
    Jedel, A.
    Rudnicki, M.
    Sidorko, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/331991.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The fast development of electronic technology and digital signal processing methods makes electronic devices, including sonar systems ones, obsolete very quickly. On the other hand the ships mechanical components including mechanical parts of sonars are operational for a few dozens of years. It makes good opportunity to modernize these devices by using modern electronic devices and new digital signal processing methods with application of existing antenna and mechanical systems. The paper presents the modernization of ASW sonar SQS-56 on the Polish frigate ORP “Kościusko”. The aim of modernization, the new parameters of the sonar and block diagram after modernization are presented.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2010, 13; 191-196
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    New data on Middle Triassic echinoderms from the Sudetes Mountains
    Autorzy:
    Salamon, M.
    Niedźwiedzki, R.
    Walter, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2059191.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    North-Sudetic Basin
    Triassic
    muschelkalk
    echinoderms
    Opis:
    This paper describes the Triassic ophiuroid genus Aspiduriella and outlines the stratigraphic ranges of crinoids and echinoids in the Lower Muschelkalk strata of the North-Sudetic Basin. It is shown that, contrary to previous opinion, echinoderm taxa occurred in the North-Sudetic Basin at the same time as in other areas of the eastern part of the Germanic Basin.
    Źródło:
    Geological Quarterly; 2003, 47, 2; 133-138
    1641-7291
    Pojawia się w:
    Geological Quarterly
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An explanation for low endemism of Triassic crinoids fromthe epicontinental Germanic Basin, Poland
    Autorzy:
    Salamon, M. A.
    Niedźwiedzki, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2058915.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    Germanic Basin
    Polska
    Triassic
    muschelkalk
    crinoids
    biogeography
    Opis:
    A summary of known crinoid taxa in the Polish part of the Triassic Germanic Basin, including their presence elsewhere, is documented. At present, 13 taxa and 3 ecophenotypes of crinoids have been recorded from that area, only one of them being endemic. In the Lower Muschelkalk and lower part of theMiddleMuschelkalk, taxa widespread both in the Tethys and Germanic Basin, or Tethyan taxa, dominate. In the Upper Muschelkalk crinoids are very rare in Poland, being represented by Encrinus liliiformis and Holocrinus sp. Many of the species occurring in the central part of the Germanic Basin in the Upper Muschelkalk have not been recorded in the eastern part of the basin. The degree of endemism of the crinoid fauna in theMuschelkalk is markedly lower than the degree of endemism of the rest of the benthonic macrofauna. This probably resulted from huge number of crinoids forming "crinoid gardens" that produced large number of larvae, increasing the chances of successful geographical expansion of crinoids.
    Źródło:
    Geological Quarterly; 2005, 49, 3; 331--338
    1641-7291
    Pojawia się w:
    Geological Quarterly
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A new ceratite record from Upper Silesia (Poland)
    Autorzy:
    Salamon, M.
    Eagle, M. K.
    Niedźwiedzki, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2058882.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    Upper Silesia
    Triassic
    muschelkalk
    ceratites
    Opis:
    A new ceratite locality from Gołuchowice (Upper Silesia, Poland) is described. Ceratites from the spinosus group found there include Ceratites (Acanthoceratites) cf. praespinosus, found for the first time in Upper Silesia. Five ceratite zones are proposed for that region: pulcher, robustus, compressus, evolutus and spinosus. The taxonomic compositions of individual ceratite zones from Upper Silesia are almost identical to those of corresponding zones from the Holy Cross Mountains. However, ceratite zones in Poland show lower taxonomic diversity than their equivalents in Germany.
    Źródło:
    Geological Quarterly; 2003, 47, 3; 281-288
    1641-7291
    Pojawia się w:
    Geological Quarterly
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Gniazdowe akumulacje szczątków fauny w środkowojurajskich iłach rudonośnych Wyżyny Krakowsko-Częstochowskiej-wnioski paleobiologiczne
    Nest-like accumulations of faunal remains in the Middle Jurassic ore-bearing clays of the Kraków-Czestochowa Upland and their palaeobiological implications
    Autorzy:
    Zatoń, M.
    Salamon, M. A.
    Marynowski, L.
    Zatoń, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074537.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    średnia Jura
    Polska
    fragmenty skorup
    szczątki organiczne
    Middle Jurassic
    Polska
    predation
    shell fragments
    shelly fossils
    Opis:
    Distinct faunal accumulations in the uppermost Bajocian/lowermost Bathonian, lowermost and Middle Bathonian of the Polish Jura (south-central Poland) have been detected. The fossils are densely packed in the centre of the accumulations and more or less dispersed in their margins. The accumulations vary in size, but all are rich in various groups of organisms, of which the molluscs (mainly bivalves) and echinoderms predominate. The echinoderms are all disarticulated, and shelly fauna occur as angular fragments with sharp edges, of random sizes and without any signs of abrasion. The different sizes of the fossil remains, from tiny echinoderm ossicles or juvenile shelly fauna to medium-sized shell fragments or belemnite rostra, exclude any transportation and thus sorting. Worth of noting is the occurrence of similar faunal groups in each accumulation. The general shape and composition of the accumulations, as well as their taphonomical features, especially the angularity of shell fragments, point to durophagous (shell-crushing) predation rather than physical processes. The various organisms may indicate that the potential predator (most probably fish) fed on various invertebrates. The indigestible particles were later regurgitated forming the accumulations discussed. The presence of various epibionts on the fossil fragments indicate,that they rested upon the sea-floor for some time-span after they had been regurgitated. Then the scavengers, as well as current action or water movements, have been responsible for dispersion of some of the fossils, as is well-visible at the margins of the investigated accumulations..
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Geologiczny; 2007, 55, 5; 424-429
    0033-2151
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Geologiczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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