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Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
Tytuł:
A new and fast approximation algorithm for vertex cover using a maximum independent set (VCUMI)
Autorzy:
Khan, I.
Riaz, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/406436.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
non-deterministic polynomial
vertex cover
independent set
benchmark
error ratio
Opis:
The importance of non-deterministic polynomial (NP) problems in real world scenarios has compelled researchers to consider simple ways of finding approximate solutions to these problems in polynomial time. Minimum vertex cover is an NP complete problem, where the objective is to cover all the edges in a graph with the minimal number of vertices possible. The maximal independent set and maximal clique problems also belong to the same class. An important property that we have analyzed while considering various approaches to find approximate solutions to the minimum vertex cover problem (MVC) is that solving MVC directly can result in a bigger error ratio. We propose a new approximation algorithm for the minimum vertex cover problem called vertex cover using a maximum independent set (VCUMI). This algorithm works by removing the nodes of a maximum independent set until the graph is an approximate solution of MVC. Based on empirical results, it can be stated that VCUMI outperforms all competing algorithms presented in the literature. Based on all the benchmarks used, VCUMI achieved the worst case error ratio of 1.033, while VSA, MDG and NOVAC-1 gave the worst error ratios of 1.583, 1.107 and 1.04, respectively.
Źródło:
Operations Research and Decisions; 2015, 25, 4; 5-18
2081-8858
2391-6060
Pojawia się w:
Operations Research and Decisions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical Simulations for Solving Fuzzy Fractional Differential Equations by max-min Improved Euler Methods
Autorzy:
Khan, N. A.
Razzaq, O. A.
Riaz, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/108688.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Społeczna Akademia Nauk w Łodzi
Tematy:
fuzzy
improved Euler method
numerical solution
Mathematica 10
Opis:
In this paper, an extension is introduced into Max-Min Improved Euler methods for solving initial value problems of fuzzy fractional differential equations (FFDEs). Two modified fractional Euler type methods have been proposed and investigated to obtain numerical solutions of linear and nonlinear FFDEs. The proposed algorithms are tested on various illustrative examples. Exact values are also simulated to compare and discuss the closeness and accuracy of approximations so obtained. Comparatively, tables and graphs results reveal the complete reliability, efficiency and accuracy of the proposed methods.
Źródło:
Journal of Applied Computer Science Methods; 2015, 7 No. 1; 53-83
1689-9636
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Applied Computer Science Methods
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Drought tolerance of Leucophyllum frutescens: physiological and morphological studies reveal the potential xerophyte
Autorzy:
Younish, A.
Riaz, A.
Tariq, U.
Nadiem, M.
Khan, N.A.
Ahsan, M.
Adli, W.
Naseem, M.K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11803372.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Opis:
Xeriscaping focus on the use of drought tolerant species of plants for environmental sustainability leading to the conservation of natural resources. We need to look for drought tolerant, water efficient plant species. Present research was aimed to assess the water use efficiency of Leucophyllum frutescens (silvery) for its adaptability and potential as xerophyte. In this study, seven treatments were applied were 100% field capacity was considered as control while 85%, 70%, 55%, 40%, 25% and 5% field capacities were taken as different drought levels. Effect of drought commenced at 40% field capacity and lower drought treatments as decrease in shoot and root fresh and dry weight, root length, leaf area and leaf area index and leaf firing percentage increased with severity of drought compared to 100% field capacity. Physiological parameters including water use efficiency (A/E), leaf water potential (ψleaf), stomatal conductance (gs), photosynthesis rate, cell membrane stability and total chlorophyll contents proved that this plant species can tolerate severe drought conditions. Positive correlation was found among most of the attributes but leaf temperature was negatively correlated with leaf water potential, photosynthesis rate, cell membrane stability, and chlorophyll contents. Moreover, regression analysis between various morphological and physiological attributes showed the predictive power of the model yielding significant results for leaf area and cell membrane stability (R2 = 0.74), root length and photosynthesis rate (R2 = 0.65), leaf temperature and chlorophyll contents (R2 = 0.43) and leaf area and leaf water potential (ψleaf) (R2 = 0.93).
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus; 2017, 16, 6; 89-98
1644-0692
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Potential of endochitinase gene to control Fusarium wilt and early blight disease in transgenic potato lines
Autorzy:
Fatima, Neelam
Tabassum, B.
Yousaf, I.
Malik, M.
Khan, A.
Sajid, I.A.
Tariq, M.
Toufiq, N.
Riaz, S.
Nasir, I.A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2084713.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
early blight disease
Fusarium
potato
Trichoderma
Opis:
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), an important food crop in the world, is susceptible to many fungal pathogens including Alternaria solani and Fusarium oxysporum causing Fusarium wilt and early blight diseases. Mycoparasitic fungi like Trichoderma encode chitinases, cell wall degrading enzymes, with high antifungal activity against a wide range of phytopathogenic fungi. In this study, a binary vector harboring endochitinase gene of ~1,000 bp was constructed and used to transform potato nodes through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Out of several primary transformants, two transgenic potato lines were verified for transgene insertion and integration by Southern blot. In a pot experiment for Fusarium resistance, the transgenic potato lines didn’t show any symptoms of disease, instead they remained healthy post infection. The transgenic potato lines exhibited 1.5 fold higher mRNA expression of endochitinase at 7 days as compared to 0 day post fungus inoculation. It was evident that the mRNA expression decreased over days of inoculation but was still higher than at 0 day and remained stable upto 30 days post inoculation. Similarly, for A. solani infection assay, the mRNA expression of the endochitinase gene was 3 fold higher 7 days post inoculation compared to expression at 0 day. Although the expression decreased by1.2 fold during subsequent days post infection, it remained stable for 30 days, suggesting that protection in transgenic potato plants against fungal pathogens was achieved through an increase in endochitinase transcript.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2019, 59, 3; 376-382
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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