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    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
    Tytuł:
    The em Algorithm and Its Implementation for the Estimation of Frequencies of snp-Haplotypes
    Autorzy:
    Polańska, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/908153.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
    Tematy:
    genetyka
    informatyka
    algorithms
    haplotypes
    likelihood functions
    gene frequency
    Opis:
    A haplotype analysis is becoming increasingly important in studying complex genetic diseases. Various algorithms and specialized computer software have been developed to statistically estimate haplotype frequencies from marker phenotypes in unrelated individuals. However, currently there are very few empirical reports on the performance of the methods for the recovery of haplotype frequencies. One of the most widely used methods of haplotype reconstruction is the Maximum Likelihood method, employing the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm. The aim of this study is to explore the variability of the EM estimates of the haplotype frequency for real data. We analyzed haplotypes at the BLM, WRN, RECQL and ATM genes with 8-14 biallelic markers per gene in 300 individuals. We also re-analyzed the data presented by Mano et al. (2002). We studied the convergence speed, the shape of the loglikelihood hypersurface, and the existence of local maxima, as well as their relations with heterozygosity, the linkage disequilibrium and departures from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Our study contributes to determining practical values for algorithm sensitivities.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science; 2003, 13, 3; 419-429
    1641-876X
    2083-8492
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Współczesne zagrożenia teleinformatyczne w aspekcie działań służb ratowniczych
    Contemporary Threats to Information Technology (IT) Security in Context of Fire and Rescue Services Activities
    Autorzy:
    Stojer-Polańska, J.
    Luzar, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973278.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Centrum Naukowo-Badawcze Ochrony Przeciwpożarowej im. Józefa Tuliszkowskiego
    Tematy:
    cyberterroryzm
    cyberprzestępczość
    zagrożenie teleinformatyczne
    służby ratunkowe
    cyberterrorism
    cybercrime
    IT threat
    rescue services
    Opis:
    Cel: Celem artykułu jest rozpoznanie i identyfikacja współczesnych zagrożeń, których źródłem jest działalność człowieka w cyberprzestrzeni oraz analiza potencjalnych zagrożeń, które wynikają z szybkiego rozwoju sieci teleinformatycznych. W artykule wskazane zostały czynniki ryzyka oraz opisano potencjalne zachowania sprawców czynów z zakresu cyberprzestępczości i cyberterroryzmu, które mogą być źródłem zagrożenia wobec działań służb ratowniczych oraz systemów powiadamiania ratunkowego. Celem artykułu jest więc identyfikacja czynników ryzyka, która jest pomocna w stworzeniu odpowiednich strategii prewencyjnych wobec cyberprzestępczości i cyberterroryzmu. Wprowadzenie: Obserwowany współcześnie szybki rozwój technologii wyprzedza rozwój badań z dziedziny nauk społecznych dotyczących zachowania człowieka w cyberprzestrzeni i człowieka w obliczu rozwoju nowych technologii. Rozwój technologiczny wyprzedza również regulacje prawne, dlatego często brakuje norm prawnych, które wskazują, jak działać w nowej sytuacji. Stąd też tworzy się spekulacje na temat możliwego zachowania człowieka w związku z rozwojem sieci teleinformatycznych oraz buduje scenariusze działań na wypadek konieczności prowadzenia akcji ratowniczych w skomplikowanych warunkach, zarówno prawnych, jak i faktycznych. Przećwiczenie takich działań może być pomocne podczas rzeczywistych akcji ratunkowych. Metodologia: Analizą objęto dostępne sprawozdania (Raport o stanie bezpieczeństwa cyberprzestrzeni RP w 2013, Raport o stanie bezpieczeństwa RP w 2013) oraz dostępną literaturę z zakresu zagrożenia cyberterroryzmem i cyberprzestępczością. W pracy wskazane zostały główne źródła zagrożeń oraz hipotetyczne scenariusze na podstawie już dokonanych ataków na sieci teleinformatyczne, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem aspektów związanych ze skuteczną działalnością służb ratowniczych. Wnioski: Autorzy postulują prowadzenie badań nad rozwojem technologii w kontekście zachowania jednostek oraz opracowanie strategii prewencyjnych wobec nowych zagrożeń, których źródłem może być cyberprzestrzeń. Podkreślają także wagę przeprowadzenia w systemie ustawicznym szkoleń dotyczących współczesnych zagrożeń wynikających z rozwoju technologii, a także prowadzenie edukacji na temat skutków rozwoju technologii. Należy wykorzystać szanse, jakie daje rozwój naukowy, a jednocześnie minimalizować ryzyko potencjalnych nowych zagrożeń. Konieczne jest także promowanie badań i współpracy interdyscyplinarnej pomiędzy służbami odpowiedzialnymi za akcje ratunkowe i bezpieczeństwo.
    Aim: The purpose of this article is the identification of contemporary challenges, the source of which is human activity in the cyberspace, as well as provision of an analysis of potential risks following the rapid development of IT networks. The article identifies risk factors and describes potential behaviour of cybercrime perpetrators, and cyber terrorists, which pose risks to the operation of emergency services and proper functioning of the emergency notification system. Therefore, the article intends to identify risks, which should be considered and utilised in the design of appropriate preventive strategies against cybercrime and cyber terrorism. Introduction: Current developments in IT surpass the development of social sciences concerning human behaviour in cyberspace and response to development of new technology. Technological developments precede the creation of laws and consequently we frequently encounter an absence of legal norms, which specify appropriate action to evolving situations. Consequently, there is some speculation about potential behaviour of humans in relation to developments of IT networks and scenarios are developed in response to needs associated with the conduct of operations in complex circumstances, both legal as well as practical. Training, which incorporates such elements, may be useful for real life rescue operations. Methodology: Available reports were analysed (Report concerning cyberspace safety in the Republic of Poland 2013, Poland 2013 Crime and Safety Report) as well as available literature about cyber terrorism and cybercrime risks. Research has identified main sources of threats as well as hypothetical scenarios based on IT network attacks identified to date, with a particular focus on aspects associated with successful operation of rescue services. Conclusions: The authors recommend further research about technological developments, in the context of human behaviour and creation of preventive strategies against emerging threats, the source of which may be cyberspace activity. The importance of a continuous training system, to deal with current threats, which emerge from technological progress is emphasised, as well as the need for education about the consequences of future technological developments. Opportunities arising from technological developments should be grasped, but potential risks from emerging threats should be minimized. It is also necessary to promote research and interdisciplinary cooperation between the uniformed services responsible for safety and rescue operations.
    Źródło:
    Bezpieczeństwo i Technika Pożarnicza; 2015, 2; 105-111
    1895-8443
    Pojawia się w:
    Bezpieczeństwo i Technika Pożarnicza
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Node assignment problem in Bayesian networks
    Autorzy:
    Polańska, J.
    Borys, D.
    Polański, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/908425.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
    Tematy:
    biostatystyka
    sieci bayesowskie
    przedział ufności
    biostatistics
    Bayesian networks
    maximum likelihood
    confidence intervals
    Opis:
    This paper deals with the problem of searching for the best assignments of random variables to nodes in a Bayesian network (BN) with a given topology. Likelihood functions for the studied BNs are formulated, methods for their maximization are described and, finally, the results of a study concerning the reliability of revealing BNs’ roles are reported. The results of BN node assignments can be applied to problems of the analysis of gene expression profiles.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science; 2006, 16, 2; 233-240
    1641-876X
    2083-8492
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Testing for signatures of natural selection at molecular genes level
    Autorzy:
    Cyran, K.
    Polańska, J.
    Kimmel, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/333073.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Informatyki i Nauki o Materiałach. Instytut Informatyki. Zakład Systemów Komputerowych
    Tematy:
    testowanie kwalifikacyjne
    ludzkie geny nowotworowe
    selection testing
    human cancer genes
    ATM
    RECQL
    Opis:
    The paper presents the methodology used for detecting the signatures of natural selection at the molecular level from single nucleotide polymorphism data. The results obtained from widely used approach, based on statistical testing departures from neutral evolution model, can be obscured by the presence of alternative hypotheses generating the similar to natural selection results of the tests. These hypotheses include population growth and geographic substructure. Especially for human population these alternatives are of non-negligible importance. In the paper we show how to deal with this problem, both by the analysis of a battery of statistical tests giving indication about the age of the predominant mutations, and by application of non conventional null hypotheses that assume different population scenarios. Since the critical values of the tests are known only for panmicting, constant size population, the second approach demands the intensive computer simulations of coalescence process to obtain analogous critical values for different scenarios used as a null. The methodology with the problem of detecting signatures of natural selection in four genes implicated in human familial cancers has been illustrated.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Medical Informatics & Technologies; 2004, 8; MM31-40
    1642-6037
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Medical Informatics & Technologies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mixture model of NMR - its application to diagnosis and treatment of brain cancer
    Autorzy:
    Binczyk, F.
    Tarnawski, R.
    Polańska, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/229861.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    GMM
    EM algorithm
    BIC
    NMR
    Savitzky-Golay filter
    Opis:
    Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) is widely used technique in cancer diagnosis and treatment planning. It is employed to search for the high concentration regions of particular metabolites, which are directly related to the concentration of cancer cells. NMR signal maybe be characterized by a set of peaks which are representation of every distinct metabolite. Area under peak must be calculated in order to obtain proper information about metabolite amount. Commercially available software allows for the analysis of one-peak-in-time only. The proposed technique, based on Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), allows for modeling all-peaks-in-time, and corrects after the neighboring peaks giving more accurate estimates of metabolite concentration. The resulting software processes NMR signal from the very beginning up to the final result, which is given in a form of so called metabolite map.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Control Sciences; 2010, 20, 4; 457-472
    1230-2384
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Control Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Searching for in vitro biomarkers of susceptibility to prostate and cervical cancers by analysis of chromosomal instability, gamma-H2AX foci, polymorphisms in DNA repair genes and apoptosis
    Autorzy:
    Wegierek-Ciuk, A.
    Arabski, M.
    Kedzierawski, P.
    Florek, A.
    Solowiej, D.
    Gozdz, S.
    Lisowska, H.
    Kowalik, A.
    Kowalska, M.
    Wojcik, A.
    Polanska, J.
    Lankoff, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/3629.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    in vitro biomarker
    susceptibility
    prostate
    cervical cancer
    cancer
    patient
    human disease
    lymphocyte
    man
    ionizing radiation
    chromosome instability
    gamma-H2AX biomarker
    polymorphism
    DNA repair gene
    apoptosis
    Opis:
    Introduction and objective. According to the cancer epidemiology databases, cancer is the second leading cause of death in developing countries. Moreover, the WHO predicts a continuing increase in the incidence of cancer, extending this trend well into the next several decades. Hence, it seems obvious that the prediction of cancer susceptibility and early diagnosis is an important goal for modern biomedical sciences. The aim of this study is to clarify the value of chromosomal damage, capacity for the repair of double-strand breaks (DSBs), polymorphisms in DNA repair genes, and apoptosis as prognostic markers for prostate and cervical cancer. Materials and methods. 30 prostate cancer patients and 30 cervical cancer patients were enrolled into the study. In addition, 30 healthy female donors and 30 healthy male donors served as controls. The following endpoints were investigated: frequency of micronuclei, gamma-H2AX fluorescence, XRCC1 194C>T, XRCC1 399G>A, XRCC3 IVS5–14 A>G, OGG1 326 Ser>Cys polymorphisms and apoptosis. Results. Among all tested factors, only the homozygous variant (Arg/Arg) in XRCC1 (399 Arg/Gln) was strongly associated with prostate cancer risk, and only a low apoptotic response was connected with cervical cancer risk. The presented study confirmed a positive association between the frequency of MN and increased prostate and cervical cancer risk. However, such a biomarker is not cancer specific. In addition, the information gained by analyzing the gamma-H2AX fluorescence, as well apoptosis, had no value for predicting the risk of prostate and cervical cancers. Conclusions. The final conclusion of the study is that cancer susceptibility is a complex phenotype not readily detectable in relatively small studies by functional assays or analysis of SNP in few, selected genes.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research; 2015, 09, 2
    1898-2395
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Chemical exposure early in life and the neurodevelopment of children – an overview of current epidemiological evidence
    Autorzy:
    Jurewicz, J.
    Polanska, K.
    Hanke, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49646.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Opis:
    A number of chemicals have been shown to demonstrate neurotoxic effects either in human or laboratory animal studies. This article aims at evaluating the impact of exposure to several chemicals including: organophosphate, organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), mercury and lead on the neurodevelopment of children by reviewing the most recent published literature, and answer the question whether any progress has been made in the epidemiology of the neurodevelopment of children induced by exposure to those chemicals. The result of the presented studies show that exposure to the above-mentioned chemicals may impair the neurodevelopment of children. Neonates exposed to organophosphate pesticides demonstrated a higher proportion of abnormal reflexes, and young children had more attention problems. Exposure to organochlorine pesticides in children was associated with alertness, quality of alert responsiveness, cost of attention and other potential attention associated measures. The majority of studies indicate the negative impact of lead exposure at the level <10 μg/dl or even <5 μg/dl on the neurodevelopment of children. The results of studies on exposure to PCBs, mercury, and their effect on neurodevelopment are inconsistent. Some suggest that prenatal exposure to PCBs and mercury is related to performance impairments, attention and concentration problems, while other do not present any statistically significant association. The studies were mostly well designed, using prospective cohorts with the exposure assessment based on the biomarker of exposure. Concerning the covariates and confounders affecting the endpoints in most of the presented studies, confounders were included in data analysis. In order to recognize the early cognitive, motor and language outcomes of chemical exposures, well standardized tools were used for evaluating the neurodevelopmental effects and offer an early and fairly comprehensive measure of child development. Because the neurotoxicants may cross the placenta and the fetal brain, exposure consideration regarding the reduction of exposure to those chemicals should be implemented.
    Źródło:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2013, 20, 3
    1232-1966
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Biodegradability of the compounds introduced with microelement fertilizers into the environment
    Autorzy:
    Borowiec, M.
    Polańska, P.
    Hoffmann, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/777937.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
    Tematy:
    biodegradacja
    nawozy mikroelementowe
    EDTA
    S,S-EDDS
    MGDA
    biodegradation
    microelement fertilizers
    Opis:
    The results of laboratory studies into the oxygen biodegradation of chelating substances in aqueous medium under kinetic and static test conditions with added glucose as an additional source of carbon, are presented. It has been found that S,S-ethylenediaminedisuccinic acid (S.S-EDDS) and methylglycinediacetic acid (MGDA) are more readily degradable than ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), most commonly used in the production of microelement fertilizers. It has also been found that the presence of additional carbon sources accelerates biodegradation.
    Źródło:
    Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2007, 9, 3; 38-41
    1509-8117
    1899-4741
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Quality of life and methods of coping with stress depending on the used form of therapy of rheumatoid arthritis treatment
    Autorzy:
    Jankowska-Polanska, B.
    Nawrocka, A.
    Uchmanowicz, I.
    Rosinczuk, J.
    Polanski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1916577.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku
    Tematy:
    Quality life
    SF-36; rheumatoid arthritis
    coping with stress
    Opis:
    Introduction: There are studies, which prove a positive influence of biological drugs on effects of medical therapy but there are few of them, which focus on aspects of quality of life and coping with stress. Purpose: To assess quality of life (QoL) and methods of coping with stress depending on the used form of therapy of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment. Materials and methods: Comparative analysis included 64 patients: I group B – treated with the method of biological agents; II group T - treated according to rheumatologic standards. The study used: Short Form 36 (SF–36)- general questionnaire use for assessment QoL, HAQ (Health Assessment Questionnaire) scale of functional efficiency, Mini-COPE inventory for coping with stress. Results: Assessment of QoL with the use of the SF-36 questionnaire showed low QoL of patients in both groups. Higher QoL was observed in group B in all domains except PF domain where group T got a higher score. Analysis of QoL within total physical and mental health assessment also indicated higher QoL of patients from group B relatively PCS (39.8% vs. 33.5%) and MCS (56.9% vs. 40.9%; p<0.001). Analysis of coping with stress showed that the most common strategies of coping with stress in group B are positive: sense of humour (1.06 vs. 0.61; p=0.008) and planning (1.95 vs. 1.81), positive redefinition (1.59 vs. 1.48), acceptance (2.00 vs. 1.95). Whereas among patients in group T the strategy ‘turn to religion’ prevails (1.44 vs. 0.91; p=0.014). Conclusions: Biological agents favourably affect assessment of QoL and a degree of functional disability in patients with significant intensification of the disease symptoms. In patients treated with biological drugs using positive strategies of coping with stress, and difficult situation is observed. Patients treated with biological drugs show better satisfaction from treatment and fewer unfavourable symptoms resulting from the used therapy.
    Źródło:
    Progress in Health Sciences; 2014, 4, 2; 102-110
    2083-1617
    Pojawia się w:
    Progress in Health Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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