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Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14
Tytuł:
A Few Words About the Ice House of the Konsum Store in the Nineteenth-Century Priest’s Mill Factory and Residential Complex in Łódź
Kilka słów o lodowni sklepu „Konsum” w dziewiętnastowiecznym zespole fabryczno-mieszkalnym: Księży Młyn w Łodzi
Autorzy:
Pietrzak, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031980.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Księży Młyn
archeologia przemysłowa
lodownia
Priest’s Mill in Łódź
industrial archaeology
ice house
Opis:
The issue of ice houses, both those found among manor and farm buildings and those connected with industrial plants, is a research issue frequently raised in many countries of Western Europe and in the United States. In the Polish literature, however, it does not attract much interest, which is why knowledge of it – or at least the knowledge shared – is usually limited to the awareness of the existence of ice houses and their purpose, and only occasionally do they become subjects of more extensive research. This also concerns the very material substance of such buildings. In 2015, on the Priest’s Mill estate in Łodź, erected along with the extension of Karol Scheibler’s cotton plant at the beginning of the 1870s, rescue excavations were conducted under the supervision of archaeologists Maciej Milczarek and Zbigniew Rybacki. They concerned the remains of an ice house built for the estate general store (including a grocery) called Konsum. Its preserved form is a result of a few construction stages completed in quick succession. During the third one (between 1883/1884 and 1889) the ice house we are interested in was built. It was not big as its capacity was approximately 100 cubic metres, and its structure was rather typical of larger industrial ice houses, with the upper (aboveground) chamber used as an ice warehouse, and the lower (underground) chamber serving as the store’s cold storage. Most probably, it was not used for long, however, there is no data that would allow to determine the time of its liquidation.
Zagadnienie lodowni, tak tych spotykanych wśród zabudowań dworskich i folwarcznych, jak i związanych z zakładami przemysłowymi, jest tematem badawczym często podejmowanym w wielu krajach zachodniej Europy oraz w Stanach Zjednoczonych. Natomiast w polskiej literaturze naukowej nie budzą one większego zainteresowania, w efekcie czego wiedza o nich – przynajmniej ta przekazywana – najczęściej ogranicza się do świadomości ich istnienia oraz przeznaczenia i tylko sporadycznie stają się one przedmiotem nieco szerzej zakrojonych badań. Dotyczy to także samej, materialnej substancji obiektów. W 2015 r. w na łódzkim osiedlu „Księży Młyn”, zrealizowanym wraz z mającą swój początek w latach 70-tych XIX w. rozbudową zakładów bawełnianych Karola Scheiblera, pod kierunkiem archeologów Macieja Milczarka i Zbigniewa Rybackiego przeprowadzone zostały ratownicze badania wykopaliskowe. Ich przedmiotem były relikty lodowni wzniesionej dla potrzeb funkcjonującego tu w przeszłości wielobranżowego (m.in. spożywczego) sklepu osiedlowego, zwanego Konsumem. W swej zachowanej do dziś bryle powstał on w efekcie kilku szybko następujących po sobie etapów budowy, a w trzecim z nich (między 1883/1884 a 1889 r.) powstała interesująca nas tu lodownia. Nie był to obiekt wielki, gdyż jego kubaturę ocenić można na zbliżoną do około 100 m3, otrzymał zaś on dyspozycję typową raczej dla większych lodowni przemysłowych, w których to górna (nadziemna) komora służyła jako skład lodu, zaś dolna (zagłębiona w grunt) była „zimnym” magazynem sklepowym. Nie funkcjonował on zapewne zbyt długo, brak jednak podstaw dla próby dokładnego określenia czasu jego likwidacji.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica; 2020, 35; 217-241
0208-6034
2449-8300
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nowożytna „fortalicja” w Gorzkowicach, gmina loco, województwo piotrkowskie
The modern „fortalicium” in Gorzkowice, Piotrków voivodeship
Autorzy:
Andrzejewski, Aleksander
Pietrzak, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/941855.pdf
Data publikacji:
1997
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
Site I in Gorzkowie, Piotrków voivodeship, the so-called fortalicium is situated on the south-east of the village, on the left bank of the river Prutka. The object was formed by digging a 7 m high and 10 m deep moat which cut off a natural hummock spreading out along the river from the rest of terrain. As a result of this action a rectangle of 110 m x 70 m was shaped. In the north of the object there is a hollow, 40 m wide wedging it into 30 m. Altogether there were 29 excavations within the area of 350 m2 and the cubature of 300 m3 was digged out. Moreover 100 bores (sorted out in seven strings) were made by a geological drill. The excavations situated in a plateau of the object resulted in a negative out-come i.e. layers associated with the use of it were not found. In the excavations located in the hollow (in the north of the object) relics of wall foundations and their negatives were revealed. The remains of a building of 27 m x 12,5 m were uncovered. It had presumably a military function. Little of archeological materials was found and the overwhelming majority comes from the modern period or even present times. The object in Gorzkowice is regarded as an unfinished plan of the so-called palazzo in fortezza which was being built in the first half of 17th century and was soon interrupted by the Swedish wars. Therefore the foundation that had been planed there were never realized. Moreover, the masonry object which had already been built fell into pieces.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica; 1997, 21
0208-6034
2449-8300
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wstępna informacja o kaflach z Piotrkowa Trybunalskiego ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem zespołu pozyskanego w trakcie badań archeologicznych przeprowadzonych w 2005 roku
PRELIMINARY INFORMATION ABOUT TILES FROM PIOTRKÓW TRYBUNALSKI WITH SPECIAL REGARD TO A COLLECTION OBTAINED IN THE COURSE OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATIONS CONDUCTED IN 2005
Autorzy:
Długoszewska, Wiktoria
Pietrzak, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/941956.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Piotrków Trybunalski
wykopaliska archeologiczne
kafle piecowe
ornamentyka kafli płytowych
badania archeologiczne w Piotrkowie Trybunalskim w 2005 roku
Opis:
The present text contains essential information about a collection of stove tiles obtained during archaeological excavations conducted in the area of historical town of Piotrków Trybunalski and its suburbs. It consists of four parts. In the rst the authors present the range of research works – both stationary ones and supervisions undertaken on the occasion of various earthworks – carried out in the area since 1962. The second part of the text is devoted to a concise presentation of research results in the area of the Jesuit church and monastery built on the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries. Whereas, the third part discusses collections of stove tiles found in Piotrków Trybunalski during older research works, and in the last, fourth part a preliminary characteristics of the collection obtained in the course of the works conducted in 2005, including nearly 13 000 tile fragments, mainly formed in matrixes was presented. However, it is very varied material, which presents technological and stylistic features commonly known and spread in tile-making in Poland, especially in the area of widely understood Great Poland province, covering proper Great Poland, Kuyavia and central Poland. In the collection tiles with Renaissance-mannerism and early Baroque stylistics prevail, however, there are also artifacts both older and younger, therefore the whole may be considered representative for the period from 15th/16th centuries to the 20th century.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica; 2010, 27
0208-6034
2449-8300
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zespół pocysterski w Jemielnicy na Śląsku Opolskim w świetle badań terenowych
A report on the archaeological and architectural research conducted in Jemielnica, Śląsk Opolski, in 1996
Autorzy:
Andrzejewski, Aleksander
Kajzer, Leszek
Pietrzak, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/941727.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
The Cistercian monastery in Jemielnica, a branch of the monastery in Rudy (near Racibórz), was founded in the 80-ies and 90-ies of the 13th century and functioned until the beginning of the 19th century. Presently the post-Cistercian complex including the cloister itself and the remainings of the masonry claustrum serve the needs of the local Roman Catholic parish. The results of the research have confirmed that the erecting of the gothic church was initiated by building the polygnonally closed, buttressed presbiterium. In the second stage the vessels forming the gothic body were raised. In the 18th century, during the second building phase, the already existing sanctuary was extended towards the west and supplied with the turret body. Due to poor economic potential of the monastery the buildings had remained wooden until the 18th century. This year research has excluded the presence of earlier mansonry claustrum. Architectural observations indicating clear dissimilarity of the western wing suggest that since the very beginning the building had been planned as an abbey palace. The southern wing and the unsurvived eastern wing were used by the monks. In the southern wing body no evident transformations have been noticed, whereas there is evidence that the eastern wing, of which secondarily cloister has survived, was taken down in the 18th century. In the course of research the width of the eastern wing was defined (as 7,5 m) and a square northern chamber was identified as a capitulary. Similarly to other Cistercian buildings the complex under research has not shown traces of presence of occupation layers connected with medieval stages of its exploitation. It indicates that the complex was cleared. The relics occure outside the abbey ground. The researches in 1996, despite limited range of ground works, have led to crucial enrichment of our knowledge about the architectural transformations in Jemielnica complex and let objectify so far controversial opinions of the historians. They have also enabled broader evaluation of the architectural transformations observed in Rudy Abbey.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica; 1998, 22
0208-6034
2449-8300
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badania archeologiczne Rynku w Bieruniu Starym, woj. śląskie
Archeological excavations of the market place in Bieruń Stary
Autorzy:
Andrzejewski, Aleksander
Lewandowski, Marcin
Pietrzak, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/941791.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
Archaeological excavations on the area of the market place in Bieruń Stary were next stage of researches intended to lead to modernisation and rebuild of the market surface as well as rebuild and partial exchange of the terrain’s infrastructure. As a result of an agreement between a building company and the Preservation Service, after having informed the Investor, the Town and Commune Council in Bieruń Stary, seven exploratory units of total 200 sq m have been marked out. They were located in places where earlier radar and electromagnetic investigations of the ground made with the SIR radar indicated disturbances in stratification. It suggested that archaeological features occurred there. The disturbances were interpreted as remains of a town hall, scales, other market buildings and surfaces hardening the market area (covering with wood, stone pavements). The excavations carried out on the market of Bieruń Stary have yielded considerable collection of artefacts. Together 5875 items have been found; the most numerous group (4565) was constituted by fragments of clay vessels. The frequency of each collection of artefacts in different exploratory units was various and the whole material can be treated as strongly shattered and secondary mixed to a great extent. The artefacts quite regularly saturated stratification of all the units except unit VII where barely 144 specimens have been found. As a result of the excavations it has been stated that in the areas in point there are no remains that could be connected with the town functioning from its location at the end of the 14th till the 17th century. It is possible that the town originally had a different location and different directions of development and no sooner than after the great fire in 1677 a new town regulation took place. Great probability of this hypothesis is well founded by the fact that the oldest traces of the market usage only come from the 2nd half of the 17th century. Also all the discovered relics of wooden buildings are dated to the years immediately after the fire. As far as inter-market buildings are concerned, in the northern part of the market (in a place indicated as a result of the radar investigation) relics of the south-western comer of a building have been revealed. We believe that, with great probability, it can be assumed that it is a remnant of the town scales. In the terrain it manifests in a layer of broken stone being a foundation of inconsiderably preserved comer wall beam. The relic can be preliminarily dated to the 19th century. Unfortunately no other remains of the inter-market building area have been found although their occurrence is suggested by the SIR radar investigation. Similarly, relics of the stone paved road have not been found. Only the presence of earthen layers from the 2nd half of the 17th - the beginning of the 20th century. In the central part of the market, in the place suggested by the SIR investigation, relics of the town hall have not been found. To be quite truthful, there are some relics of an archaeological object, but its fragmentary state excludes any far-reaching conclusions. We think that there is an interesting situation in the south-western frontage of the market where relics of its older, southern frontage have been registered. It should be dated to the period from the 2nd half of the 17th to the end of the 18th century. It was shifted about 13 metres north of the present frontage. A wooden pavement once coming under the arcades has been registered, which is showed by relics of posts placed in the surface of the pavement. Before padding beams were laid, the surface of the market had been strengthened by fascine. Whereas after the liquidation of the original building line and enlargement of the market to its present size its surface (at least in the region under consideration) was paved with broken limestone. It probably happened at the end of the 18th or at the beginning of the 19th century. In the surface the presence of a gutter (a sewer canal) made of different kinds of coniferous wood has been stated. At the beginnings of the 20th century the rebuild of the market surface took place. In the area under investigation it was carefully paved with broken limestone, what undoubtedly contributed to the town’s aesthetics, but unfortunately at the opportunity destroyed the older layers.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica; 2004, 24
0208-6034
2449-8300
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Changes in women’s 400 m hurdle run from 1978 to 2014
Autorzy:
Pietrzak, Michał
Iskra, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/772750.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
PPHU Projack Jacek Wąsik
Tematy:
400m hurdle run
race strategies
split times.
stride pattern
Opis:
Introduction : 400m hurdle run (400m H) is hel d on a track consisting of nine 35 - meter sections separated by ten 91 cm high hurdles. Numerous analyses of the run structure carried out at major events (Olympic Games, World and European Championships) indicate that the tactics of the run consists of tw o parts: "stride pattern" and "split times". Material and methods : The exploration of spacio - temporal structure of the 400m H run included in this study is a meta - analysis, involving all major competitions that were held within the period of 36 years (from 1978 to 2014). The analysis included 260 runs from two periods of time: 1978 - 1999 (Group A; n = 128) and 2000 - 2014 (Group B; n = 132). Detailed data included in the analysis involved temporal parameters (times of particular sections and fragments of the run) and spatial parameters (number of strides). To evaluate the differences between the groups, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used. Results : The sports performance level was similar in both groups (53.65 ± 0.72s vs. 0.83s ± 53.60.60). The body buil d was differentiated only by body mass – the female hurdlers competing after 2000 were heavier (p≤0.05). The analysis of time structure proves that modern female hurdlers cover the distance of 400 m faster in the first part (p≤0.01), and significantly decr ease the running speed in the final part of the run. The number of strides in Group B is significantly lower at the beginning of the run (p≤0.01), but increases significantly in its following part. Conclusion : The tactics of women’s 400m H run has changed after 2000. It affects indirectly changes in the training process.
Źródło:
Physical Activity Review; 2016, 4; 132-138
2300-5076
Pojawia się w:
Physical Activity Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena korelacji pomiędzy pomiarem przezskórnym a stężeniem bilirubiny w surowicy krwi noworodka
Evaluation of the correlation between transcutaneous measurement and concentration of bilirubin in the blood serum of a newborn
Autorzy:
Morawiecka-Pietrzak, Małgorzata
Morawska, Hanna
Bursa, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1034064.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Medical Communications
Tematy:
hyperbilirubinaemia
newborn
transcutaneous bilirubin measurement
przezskórny pomiar bilirubiny
hiperbilirubinemia
noworodek
Opis:
Aim: Due to the potential toxicity of high concentrations of bilirubin, newborns are monitored in terms of the potential emergence of a group at risk of the development of severe hyperbilirubinaemia and, rarely, encephalopathy and kernicterus. The transcutaneous measurement of bilirubin, as a non-invasive method, is applied in neonatal centres. The paper presents an evaluation of the correlation between the transcutaneous measurement and the concentration of bilirubin in the blood serum of a newborn, taking into consideration the reduction of the necessity to carry out blood tests related to the transcutaneous measurement. Material and method: The analysis comprised 1,076 medical histories of newborns hospitalised at the Department of Neonatology of the Municipal Hospital in Zabrze in the period from 1 January to 31 December 2013 (a primary referral centre). The inclusion criteria for the study were: performing a simultaneous transcutaneous measurement and a blood serum concentration measurement of bilirubin, gestational age ≥35 Hbd and birth weight >2,500 g. 272 children were qualified for the study. Results: Boys constituted 51.7%, and girls 48.3% of the research group. The mean gestational age was 38.7 Hbd and the mean birth weight was 3,323.4 g; 67.8% of the children were born by natural labour and 32.2% – by caesarean section. The mean Apgar score in the 5th minute was 9.8 points. The measurement of the concentration of bilirubin was performed on average on the 3.9 day of life. The mean transcutaneous measurement was 9.67 mg% (2.7–17.2 mg%) and the mean concentration of bilirubin in the blood serum was 13.18 mg% (7.0–19.8 mg%); the difference was 3.5 mg% (p < 0.0001). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the concentrations of bilirubin obtained in the transcutaneous measurement and the concentrations in the blood serum (according to Spearman, r = 0.58; p < 0.01). Conclusion: It seems that the standardisation of the relationship between the concentration of bilirubin in the transcutaneous measurement and the evaluation of the concentration in the blood serum may significantly affect the reduction of the necessity to perform punctures, the limiting of the child’s stress and pain, the reduction of the risks of infection and it may be of high economic importance.
Cel: Ze względu na potencjalną toksyczność wysokich stężeń bilirubiny noworodki monitorowane są pod kątem wyłonienia grupy zagrożonej rozwojem ciężkiej hiperbilirubinemii oraz, rzadko, encefalopatii i żółtaczki jąder podkorowych. Przezskórny pomiar bilirubiny, jako metoda nieinwazyjna, jest stosowany w ośrodkach neonatologicznych. W pracy oceniona została korelacja między pomiarem przezskórnym a stężeniem bilirubiny w surowicy krwi noworodka, z uwzględnieniem redukcji konieczności przeprowadzania badań krwi w związku z pomiarem przezskórnym. Materiał i metoda: Analizie poddano 1076 historii chorób noworodków hospitalizowanych na Oddziale Noworodkowym Szpitala Miejskiego w Zabrzu w okresie od 1 stycznia do 31 grudnia 2013 roku (ośrodek pierwszego stopnia referencyjności). Kryteriami włączenia do badania były: przeprowadzenie równoczesnego pomiaru przezskórnego i stężenia bilirubiny w surowicy, wiek ciążowy ≥35 Hbd oraz masa urodzeniowa >2500 g. Do badania zakwalifikowano 272 dzieci. Wyniki: Chłopcy stanowili 51,7%, a dziewczęta 48,3% badanej grupy. Średni wiek płodowy wyniósł 38,7 Hbd, a średnia masa urodzeniowa 3323,4 g. Siłami natury zostało urodzonych 67,8% dzieci, a drogą cięcia cesarskiego – 32,2%. Średnia ocena w skali Apgar wynosiła w 5. minucie 9,8 pkt. Pomiaru stężenia bilirubiny dokonywano średnio w 3,9 dniu życia. Średni pomiar przezskórny wyniósł 9,67 mg% (2,7–17,2 mg%), a średnie stężenie bilirubiny w surowicy krwi – 13,18 mg% (7,0–19,8 mg%); różnica wyniosła 3,5 mg% (p < 0,0001). Wykazano istotną statystycznie i dodatnią korelację między stężeniami bilirubiny w pomiarze przezskórnym i w surowicy krwi (według Spearmana, r = 0,58; p < 0,01). Wniosek: Wydaje się, że standaryzacja zależności między stężeniem bilirubiny w pomiarze przezskórnym a oceną stężenia w surowicy krwi może w istotny sposób wpłynąć na redukcję konieczności wykonywania nakłuć, ograniczenie stresu i bólu u dziecka, redukcję zagrożeń infekcją oraz mieć duże znaczenie ekonomiczne.
Źródło:
Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna; 2016, 12, 3; 296-302
1734-1531
2451-0742
Pojawia się w:
Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
THE DEVELOPMENT OF RESULTS IN 100M AND 400M SPRINT RACES IN ATHLETES AGED FROM 6 TO 100
Autorzy:
Iskra, Janusz
Pietrzak, Michał
Szczęsna, Monika
Gwiazdoń, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/449251.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Opolska. Wydział Wychowania Fizycznego i Fizjoterapii
Tematy:
100m
400m
ontogenesis
sports career development
Opis:
The 100 m race is not only a sports discipline but also a way of assessing an athlete’s speed abilities. The run over the distance of 400 metres combines both speed and endurance (anaerobic) capacities. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the development of results in men's 100 and 400m sprint races, taking into account the best performance within the age from 6 to 100. By examining the course and the development of the world's leading sprinters’ careers, the authors took into consideration their best final results achieved each year. They were assigned to three research protocols that included age, successive years of starts, and the period before and after their personal best.The results are presented with arithmetic means and standard deviations (SD). In the comparative analysis of groups of runners over various distances (100 and 400m), the percentage value (%) of the result in relation to the world record over the given distance was chosen as a common element. The research has shown that the age range from 20 to 31 in the 100m race and 20 to 29 in the 400m run respectively, are the best periods for continuation of a sports career suitable for the shortest and longest sprint distance at the highest world level. The development of speed abilities up to the age of 14 is similar to the scale of their regression after the age of 35. Knowledge concerning the change in sports performance level in relation to age provides the opportunity to predict the periods of peak performance in a given sports discipline. This enables a rational and proper planning of the training process.
Źródło:
Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective; 2017, 6, 9; 27-38
2084-7971
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An Analysis of Sports Career Development in the 400-metre Dash
Autorzy:
Pietrzak, Michał
Iskra, Janusz
Dziadek, Bartosz
Gwiazdoń, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2159494.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-31
Wydawca:
Politechnika Opolska. Wydział Wychowania Fizycznego i Fizjoterapii
Tematy:
400m
ontogenesis
sports career development
Opis:
One of the indicators of an optimally conducted training process is the athlete's achievement of sports success in all age categories. The analysis of sports career development is helpful in determining the periods of maximizing and maintaining sports results, but also in choosing the development path leading to the achievement of top-level results at the senior age. The aim of the study was to assess the development of sports championship in the 400-metre dash, comprising sports careers of 400 m medalists of the World Cadet and Junior Championships and European Junior Championships in the most important sports events in the senior age category, namely the European Championships, World Athletics Indoor Championships, World Championships, and the Olympic Games. The analysis involved a group of 69 male and 69 female medalists of the European Junior Championships, 27 male and 27 female medalists of the World Youth Junior Championships as well as a group of 48 male and 48 female medalists of the World Junior Championships in the 400 m. The research revealed that from 4% to 7% of the World Cadet Championships medalists and 1-3% of the male and 4-6% of the female medalists of the European Junior Championships achieved their highest sports success by winning medals at the World Championships and the Olympic Games. 6% to 10% of the studied World Junior Championships male medalists were successful in the World Championships. Among the World Championships female medalists, 12% won medals at the World Athletics Indoor Championships, 6% won medals at the World Championships, and 2% won the Olympic Games medals.
Źródło:
Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective; 2021, 10, 18; 43-51
2084-7971
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
RECEPTY na obronność : oddajemy głos kandydatom na prezydenta
Autorzy:
Kaczyński, Lech.
Koźluk, Tadeusz.
Zieliński, Tadeusz.
Pietrzak, Jan.
Moczulski, Leszek.
Lepper, Andrzej.
Bubel, Leszek.
Gronkiewicz-Waltz, Hanna.
Korwin-Mikke, Janusz.
Olszewski, Jan.
Pawlak, Waldemar.
Pawłowski, Bogdan.
Piotrowicz, Kazimierz.
Kuroń, Jacek.
Kwaśniewski, Aleksander.
Wałęsa, Lech.
Powiązania:
Polska Zbrojna 1995, nr 204, s. 6-7 ; 1995, nr 209, s. 6-7 ; 1995, nr 210, s. 6-7
Współwytwórcy:
Grochowski, Janusz B. Opracowanie
Data publikacji:
1995
Tematy:
Obronność państwa Polska
Opis:
(1) / [Wypow.: Lech Kaczyński, Tadeusz Koźluk, Tadeusz Zieliński, Jan Pietrzak, Leszek Moczulski, Andrzej Lepper].
(2) / [Wypow.: Leszek Bubel, Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz, Janusz Korwin-Mikke, Marek Markiewicz, Jan Olszewski, Waldemar Pawlak, Bogdan Pawłowski, Kazimierz Piotrowicz].
(3) / [Wypow.: Jacek Kuroń, Aleksander Kwaśniewski, Lech Wałęsa].
Dostawca treści:
Bibliografia CBW
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14

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