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Tytuł:
Plan Warszawy dla niewidomych
Map of Warsaw for the blind
Autorzy:
Lipska, E.
Pasławski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/204376.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geograficzne
Tematy:
kartografia
plan
plan miasta
Warszawa
niewidomi
cartography
blind people
map
Warsaw
Opis:
W pierwszej części artykułu omówiono sposoby postrzegania przestrzeni przez osoby niewidome oraz problematykę opracowywania planów i map dla niewidomych, a w drugiej części opracowany przez autorkę Plan Warszawy dla niewidomych.
Blind people use different aids to become acquainted with space. While moving in an unknown area they can use GPS technology with receivers adapted to their needs (J. and J. Kwapisz 1990, F. Mc Williams 1999). Application of these technologies leads to significant costs. Therefore tactual aids (especially maps) still play a significant role in transmission of information for blind people. Correct and optimal reading of a map by a blind person depends on a number of conditions. Among them there are: usefulness, functionality and readability (I. Badetko 1987). The article discusses the Map of Warsaw for the blind, which was prepared as an M.A. thesis in the Chair of Cartography of the Warsaw University Department of Geography and Regional Studies (E. Lipska 2001). It was meant for blind people from the Center for the Blind in Laski near Warsaw as an aid in learning the spacial organization of the city, the lacation of bigger districts, neighbourhoods and junctions. Scale limitations, for mat and contents make it suitable for blind people over the age of twelve; it can be used as an educational aid on geography lessons or at home. The map, which has the character of a reference map (in typhological sense), has been prepared in the scale of 1:30 000. To facilitate its use by blind people several solutions havbe been applied: - the North has been marked with a pointer, - top right corner of the sheet has been cut off, - the legend has been placed on the right. The map's contents has been limited due to capabilities of tactual perception, scale, format and purpose. These limitations effected in significant generalization of the source material (fig. 3). In preparation of a city map the cartographer confronts considerable difficulties because of an unusual level of generalization. The scale of difficulty can be grasped if we realize, that a structure of a city of more than 1 million inhabitants has been shown with only 14 symbols, 3 of which are surface ones. Additionally, he map has been enriched with the names of Warsaw districts and suburbs in Braille's alphabet (52names altogether). The contents of the map in 1:30 000 corresponds to a contents of atlas maps in scales between 1:150 000 and 1:200 000. Graphic form and the choice of symbols, which appear on the Map of Warsaw for the blind has been conditioned by the generalization of the source map and the technology of preparation of the matrix, from which the plan was pressed.
Źródło:
Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny; 2002, T. 34, nr 4, 4; 286-295
0324-8321
Pojawia się w:
Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Koncepcja Mapy dziedzictwa przyrodniczo-kulturowego Polski 1:50 000
Concept of a Map of the natural-cultural heritage of Poland 1:50 000
Autorzy:
Opach, T.
Pasławski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/204200.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geograficzne
Tematy:
mapa
mapa środowiska
mapa topograficzna
Polska
Opis:
Po określeniu pojęcia dziedzictwa przyrodniczo-kulturowego i przedstawieniu problemu redakcji mapy na podkładzie nowej Mapy topograficznej Polski 1:50 000, omówiono koncepcję treści Mapy dziedzictwa przyrodniczo-kulturowego Polski 1:50 000. Szczegółowo scharakteryzowano poszczególne wyróżnienia dziedzictwa przyrodniczego i dziedzictwa kulturowego oraz wskazano możliwości wykorzystania mapy.
The authors describe a concept of contents of a Map of the natural-cultural heritage of Poland 1:50 000. First they define the notion of natural-cultural heritage, and then characterize particular distinctions of natiral heritage and those of cultural heritage. They also indicate possible uses for such a map. The contents of Map of the heritage comprises the objects of heritage, i.e. the most valuable elements of geographic environment. In the case of natural elements of environment we can talk of "natural heritage ", that is the object and areas of exceptional aesthetic value, examples of ecological and biologic processes, as well as traces of important events in the Earth's history. In the case of objects and phenomena resulting from material and immaterial human activities, we can talk of "cultural heritage". Map of the heritage is drawn on a bases of a new Topographic map of Poland 1:50 000, with which the overprinted graphic symbols have to agree. It was assumed that the map should be accessible to general, nonspecialist public, therefore the legend distinctions should be comprehensible for any reader with at least secondary education. Map's contents is divided into two groups. The first group, "Natural heritage (fig.1) contains three topic categories: - environment protection - didactic stands - degradation of the natural environment The second group, "Cultural heritage (fig. 3) is divided as follows: - major archeological sites - historic sites - major events and non-existent objects Map of the heritage also includes elements of tourist infrastructure (fig. 2). Additionally, a hypsometric sketch has been included, with physico-geographical regionalization of the presented area (fig. 5). The map could be used in many fields, especially regional planning, education, tourism and promotion of "little homelands". Rich contents and the scale of presentation mean that the reader would gain access to previously unavailable information.
Źródło:
Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny; 2003, T. 35, nr 1, 1; 3-11
0324-8321
Pojawia się w:
Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Uwagi o klasyfikacji ilościowych form prezentacji kartograficznej
Remarks on the classification of quantitative cartographic methods of presentation
Autorzy:
Pasławski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/204206.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geograficzne
Tematy:
kartografia
skala pomiarowa
prezentacja kartograficzna
klasyfikacja
cartography
measurement scale
method of presentation
classification
Opis:
Po omówieniu wybranych właściwości form prezentacji kartograficznej, w artykule przedstawiono propozycję modyfikacji klasyfikacji L. Ratajskiego, podanej w podręczniku z 1989 roku.
Despite a number of theoretical dissertations there is still no generally accepted classification of cartographic methods of presentation. The classification proposed by L. Ratajski (1989) is used in Poland. Being developed in the early 1960s, it is almost 50 years old. The classification bases on the type of presented information. Methods are divided into quantitative (diagram map, choropleth map, isolines, dot method) and qualitative (areal method, pictoral method). This division is insufficient, because in measurement theory there also exists the ordinal level. Every quantitative method should therefore include presentation on ordinal level. I believe that a method known in Polish literature as signature method (e.g. city size in general geographical maps) should be moved to the quantitative group. All quantitative methods convey information using class division, so statistic data are transformed into classes. Diagram map is an exception - it can be used in continuous form (with size variable) as well as in its class division version. This aspect asks for more research from the point of cartoaraphic methods of presentation.
Źródło:
Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny; 2005, T. 37, nr 2, 2; 95-100
0324-8321
Pojawia się w:
Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ilustracja kartograficzna akademickich podręczników geograficznych
Cartographic illustration of academic geographical handbook
Autorzy:
Pasławski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/204230.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geograficzne
Tematy:
map
handbook
map correctness
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono kilka zagadnień związanych z redagowaniem map w podręcznikach akademickich na przykładzie sześciu wybranych publikacji Wydawnictwa Naukowego PWN.
The article critically discusses cartographic contents of six geography handbooks published by Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN (Polish Scientific Publishers). The publishing house, founded in 1951 specializes in academic handbooks of various disciplines. In the last few years a change of printing technology and map preparation for reproduction becomes evident. The text presents the description of some maps: its scale, projection - the cartographic graticule. It turns out that on handbook maps the scale is often omitted - linear scale is more common. Occasionally the projection chosen is a wrong one, e.g. Mercator's projection for presentation of meteorological stations in the world (fig. 3). Text explanations are often separated from the legend symbols, the relation "figure-ground" is omitted (land - water in many maps) (fig. 1) and graphic variables misapplied. The aim of the article is to present most common errors and failings, which can be easily avoided with the contemporary technology of cartographic illustration design.
Źródło:
Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny; 2006, T. 38, nr 2, 2; 124-132
0324-8321
Pojawia się w:
Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kartogramy w Atlasie Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej
Choropleth maps in Atlas of the Republic of Poland
Autorzy:
Pasławski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/204494.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geograficzne
Tematy:
atlas narodowy
metodyka kartograficzna
kartogram
national atlas
cartographic methodology
choropleth map
Opis:
Artykuł zawiera analizę map wykonanych metodą kartogramu zamieszczonych w narodowym atlasie zatytułowanym Atlas Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, wydawanym przez Głównego Geodetę Kraju w latach 1993-1997. W atlasie znajduje się 912 map, z czego 49% stanowią kartogramy. Mapy te omówiono krytycznie w czterech paragrafach: dane statystyczne, pole odniesienia, wyznaczanie klas oraz forma graficzna legendy. Zgodnie z ogólnie przyjętymi zasadami znakomita większość kartogramów prezentuje wartości względne odniesione do powierzchni i ludności. Kilka map zawiera dane bezwzględne, ale ich prezentacja zgodna jest z logiką mapy. W czasie opracowywania atlasu na podział administracyjny kraju składało się 49 województw i 2365 gmin. Spośród map wykonanych metodą kartogramu 56% odnosi się do województw, a 30%, czyli 140 do gmin, co jest prezentacją dość szczegółową. Pozostałe mapy opierają się na różnych podziałach przestrzennych, m.in. historycznych i organizacji wyznaniowych. Tylko na jednej mapie wykorzystano pola geometryczne. W atlasie przeważają kartogramy sześcioklasowe, a granicami klas są wartości "okrągłe". Bliższa analiza wykazała, że stosując zmienną rozpiętość klas, dążono do podobnej liczebności jednostek przestrzennych w klasie. Istotnym elementem każdej mapy jest legenda, ale kartografowie nie są zgodni, jak należy opracować legendę kartogramu. Autor artykułu we wcześniejszych swoich publikacjach zalecał legendę, która w atlasie stosowana jest rzadko. Najczęściej jest to legenda usytuowana poziomo, rzadziej pionowo, zawierająca tylko jedną wartość granic klas. Skale barwne opracowano poprawnie, unikając dość często popełnianego błędu polegającego na stosowaniu sekwencji barw właściwych skalom hipsometrycznym. Atlas Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej należy ocenić wysoko z punktu widzenia zastosowanych kartograficznych metod prezentacji. Wprawdzie nie zawiera on rozwiązań nowatorskich, a raczej tradycyjne, ale jest opracowany rzetelnie, co pozwala na poprawny odbiór map nie tylko przez specjalistów.
The article contains an analysis of choropleth maps included in Atlas of the Republic of Poland, published by the Surveyor General of Poland in the years 1993-1997. The atlas contains 912 maps, 49% of which are choropleth maps. They are critically described in four paragraphs: statistical data, space unit, class selection and legend design. In accordance with commonly accepted rules the majority of choropleth maps presents relative value in relation to area and population. Several maps present absolute value, but their presentation is logically justified (e.g. fig.1) At the time of atlas preparation the country's administrative division was into 49 voivodships and 2365 communes. 56% of all choropleth maps in the atlas concerns voivodships and 30% (or 140 maps) concerns communes, which accounts for a rather detailed presentation. Remaining maps employ other spatial divisions, e.g. historical or religious. Only one map uses geometrical units. Most of the choropleth maps in the atlas are of a six--class type (fig. 6), with class limits set at round numbers. A closer analysis showed that with varying class range there was a tendency to equalize the frequency of spatial units in every class. Legend is an important element of each map. Nevertheless cartographers are not unanimous as to how a choropleth legend should be prepared. The author in his previous papers recommended a legend which is rarely used in atlases (fig. 11). Most often it is horizontal, sometimes vertical, including only one value of class limit (fig.12). Color scale was prepared properly, avoiding a common mistake of using color sequence characteristic for hipsometric tint scale. Atlas of the Republic of Poland should be highly evaluated from the point of view of applied cartographic methods of presentations. It is not innovative, but skillfully and properly made, which makes it accessible to a wide variety of readers, not only specialists.
Źródło:
Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny; 2007, T. 39, nr 1, 1; 19-34
0324-8321
Pojawia się w:
Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Lech Ratajski
Autorzy:
Paslawski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2084830.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
Opis:
Lech Ratajski was born on 26 April 1921, in Rawa Mazowiecka, in a teachers' family. In 1939 he obtained the school-leaving certificate in Łomża. During the II World War he worked as a teacher and a clerk. He was also a member of the Home Army (AK) and he took part in the sabotage actions for which in 1949 he was honoured with the Cross of Valour. After the war he studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Cracow for two years. In 1950 he graduated of the Jagiellonian University in Cracow with a degree in geography. As a student he collaborated with the popular monthly magazine „Poznaj Świat” (Know the World) for which he elaborated maps, designed covers, and wrote short notes. In 1950, accordingly to his interests, he took a post at the Department of Regional Geography within the Geographical Institute of the University of Warsaw. He wrote on the subject of the geographic names and in 1959 he was a co-author of the extensive specification comprising 20,000 geographical names. He was also the co-author of the wall economic charts of Poland and of the world, that were innovative in the Polish cartography of those days. He continuously collaborated with the magazine „Poznaj Świat” that was being published in Warsaw since the end of 1955 and he was its Editor-in-chief since 1968. He was the author of many articles and notes on the regional geography and of a book - a compendium of knowledge on Africa. The main field of his scientific interest was the thematic cartography, especially the economic maps and to this issue both his dissertations were related: the doctor's dissertation (1962) on the achievements of the Polish economic cartography in 20th century and the habilitation dissertation ( 1966) on industrial maps and their cartometric value. He devised the model of the cartographic methods of presentation, the model of cartographic generalisation, and the proposition of economic maps signs standardisation. Since 1968 he was the chairman of the Working Group and later of the Commission on Communication in Cartography at the International Cartographical Association (ICA). In the academic year 1971/1972 he lectured at the University of Edmonton and participated in the International Cartographical Association conference in Ottawa, at which he was elected the Vice-president of the Association. During his stay in Canada he prepared the textbook Methodology of the socioeconomic cartography that was published in 1973, and its second, updated edition was published in 1989. At the end of 1967 he was appointed the professorship at the Chair of Cartography where he introduced many didactic innovations - among others the free-hand drawing. In 1973 he employed dr W. Grygorenko (the future Chairman of the Chair) to teach computer cartography to the students. He tutored approximately 90 master's thesis, including 17 on the economic charts of the Polish voivodeships. In 1973- 1977 four employees of his Chair were promoted doctors. In 1973 Lech Ratajski obtained the title of a professor. He served several functions at the Polish Geographic Society, among others he was the President of the Commission of Cartography. In 1976 he was honoured with the medal of the Society. His bibliography comprises over 400 items including over 150 on cartography. He was the author of 30 portable and wall maps and approx. 600 annex maps to articles, books, and encyclopedias. Lech Ratajski died on 22 November 1977, in Warsaw.
Źródło:
Prace i Studia Geograficzne; 2008, 40
0208-4589
Pojawia się w:
Prace i Studia Geograficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stanisław Pietkiewicz
Autorzy:
Paslawski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2084836.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
Opis:
Professor Stanisław Pietkiewicz Ph.D was born on 28 July 1894 in Cybulów, near Human in Ukraine. He studied at the Technical University in Sankt Petersburg and Kiev. With the outbreak of the I World War he was called up to the army and trained for an instructor of topography. After the war he took a post at the Military Institute of Geography and in 1926 at its Cartography Section. Simultaneously he studied geography at the University of Warsaw under the guidance of Professor S. Lencewicz. In 1929 he received the degree of the Doctor of Philosophy in the physical geography and in 1936 he completed his habilitation procedures on the basis of dissertation entitled On methods of terrain depiction on maps (1930) which included, among others, a proposition of depicting the terrain relief on the Military Operational Map 1: 300 000. At the Department of Geography he lectured on cartography, hydrography, and the regional geography of France where he received a year-long research grant (1929-1930). In 1920 he participated in the demarcation of the Polish-German border in the Greater Poland and of the Polish-Soviet border in 1946. During the occupation he lived in Warsaw and lectured at the underground courses. After the II World War he lectured in Cracow and later in Warsaw and Łódź. He was the founder, the organizer, and the first chairman (1950- 1964) of the Chair of Cartography functioning within the Institute of Geography at the University of Warsaw. Beside cartography he was occupied with geomorphology of the north-eastern Poland; with hydrography that he lectured for many years at the University of Łódź; and with the regional geography of Poland (he was the author of the Northern Poland division into the natural units). In 1954 he received the title of an associated professor. As a cartographer he specialized in the issues of terrain relief depiction on the general geographical maps and in the history of cartography. He took part in six International Geographical Union congresses and in the conference on International World Map 1: 1 000 000 in 1928, in Cambridge. He published the book Climates of the Earth ( 1946); the wall chart Climates of the World (1951); and the textbook Waters of the Earth ( 1958). He was the initiator and the editor of a set of seven wall maps of Polish regions in the scale 1:250 000. He was the tutor of 3 doctor's dissertations and of nearly 100 master's thesis at the Chair of Cartography. He was also an honorary member of the Polish Geographic Society ( 1971) and of the International Cartographic Association ( 1982). Professor Stanisław Pietkiewicz died in Warsaw in 1986.
Źródło:
Prace i Studia Geograficzne; 2008, 40
0208-4589
Pojawia się w:
Prace i Studia Geograficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wiktor Grygorenko
Autorzy:
Paslawski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2084840.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
Opis:
Wiktor Grygorenko was born on March 6, 1927. He passed his final high school exam in Katowice in 1949 and after a military training he began his studies at the Military School of Topographers. Then he studied geodesy at the Military Engineering Academy in Moscow. Having returned to Warsaw in 1959, he worked in the Military Cartographic Works and later in the Topographic Board of the General Staff of the Polish Army. Simultaneously, he took a lecturer post at the Military Technical Academy in Warsaw where he elaborated student textbooks on maps editing, cartographic reproduction, and mathematical cartography. His comprehensive manual Elaboration of general geographical maps was published in 1970. He was a member of the editorial staff at the popular World Atlas, published in 1962-1968 and also known under the name of Pergamon World Atlas. A new and innovative projection devised by Wiktor Grygorenko was used in the World Atlas, nowadays known as the projection of the Polish Army Topographical Service. In 1971 he obtained the degree of a Doctor of Technical Sciences in cartography at the Warsaw University of Technology. The subject of his thesis were theoretical fundamentals of the automatic cartographic data processing. Wiktor Grygorenko was one of the Polish pioneers of computer usage in cartography and was the author of many valuable papers on the subject. He began to work at University of Warsaw in 1972, In 1978 he completed his habilitation procedures on the basis of his dissertation entitled Quantitative Parameters of the Cartographic Content Composition in which he formulated the idea of the quantitative model of a map, thus drawing a new direction of theoretical and practical works in cartographic design and evaluation. Many papers on cartographic generalisation with usage of computer methods were created under his guidance. In 1980, three years after the unexpected death of professor Lech Ratajski, Wiktor Grygorenko became the Head of the Chair of Cartography at the Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies. In 1981 he became the Vice-dean for student affairs and served two terms. His first term fell in the difficult period of the martial law when he defended students on many occasions, gaining their gratitude and respect. In autumn 1982 he also became the Head of the Department of Cartography at the Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, which he administered until 1992. Making a good use of his broad didactic experience, he published several absorbing articles on educating cartographers with the geographic training. He actively participated in conferences, conventions, and cartographic trainings, animating discussions with his inspiring speeches. In summer 1982, during the 11th conference of the International Cartographic Association in Warsaw he presented the paper Cybernetic model of cartographic communication that was in certain degree a continuation and an explication of professor Lech Ratajski's idea of communication model. The main field of professor Grygorenko's (he obtained the professorship in 1992) scientific interest were theoretical issues related to the automation of the maps editing and usage processes. His interest in the history of cartography resulted in the publication of several interesting papers on the subject and participation in meetings of cartography historians. He served many social functions both at the University of Warsaw and among the geodesists and cartographers. Professor Wiktor Grygorenko died on February 25, 2008.
Źródło:
Prace i Studia Geograficzne; 2008, 40
0208-4589
Pojawia się w:
Prace i Studia Geograficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Z problematyki map kropkowych
On dot maps
Autorzy:
Pasławski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/204252.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geograficzne
Tematy:
metoda kropkowa
kartograficzne metody prezentacji
mapy tematyczne
dot method
cartographic methods of presentation
thematic maps
Opis:
W artykule omówiono kilka zagadnień związanych z redagowaniem map kropkowych, a więc sposoby wyznaczania wielkości i wagi kropek, sposoby rozmieszczenia kropek na mapie oraz zarysowano problematykę relacji metody kropkowej do innych form prezentacji kartograficznej, co w przyszłości może ułatwić opracowanie poprawnej klasyfikacji kartograficznych metod i form prezentacji.
The article discusses several issues concerning the elaboration of dot maps. The dot method is difficult to digitize and requires considerable editing skill. Discussed are the following issues: range of application of the method, method of determination of dot size and value, methods of dot distribution on the map. Although the range of application of the dot method is rather broad, it is most rarely used by cartographers. Among many methods of determination of dot size and value it is worth noting the method of G. Ozerova (1973), which facilitates the establishment of these parameters on maps of population distribution (fig. 3 and 4). According to the author, on almost any map dots are distributed regularly within marked areas, but the final effect depends on the scale of size reduction of the map for reproduction. The last section of the article discusses the dot method in relation to other methods of cartographic presentation. According to the author there is some similarity between the dot method and the pictorial point symbol method (fig. 6,7), the area symbol method (fig. 8), the proportional symbols method (fig. 9), the repeated symbol method (fig. 10) and the choropleth map (fig. 11). Such analysis may aid better understanding of cartographic methods of presentation and help to prepare their proper classification.
Źródło:
Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny; 2008, T. 40, nr 4, 4; 349-361
0324-8321
Pojawia się w:
Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O klasyfikacji jakościowych kartograficznych form prezentacji
On qualitative classification of cartographic forms of presentation
Autorzy:
Pasławski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/204171.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geograficzne
Tematy:
klasyfikacja
kartografia
prezentacja
jakość
classification
cartography
presentation
Opis:
Artykuł zawiera propozycję modyfikacji klasyfikacji kartograficznych form prezentacji na poziomie jakościowym, czyli nominalnym.
The author refers to his previous publication on the quantitative forms of presentation (2005). In international literature there is no single accepted classification of cartographic methods of presentation; even terminology often causes misunderstandings (eg. choropleth map - cartogram). Polish cartographers apply the classification published by L. Ratajski (1989), which resembles, although is slightly different from the classification of K.A. Saliszczew (1998) included ir the Polish version of his Kartovedenie handbook. I is, however, a classification which raises some doubt The author, therefore, proposes to modify it. Considering graphic references, L. Ratajski distinguished three qualitative methods, two of which used area reference (fig. 1). The author also proposes three methods, but with consistent reference to a point, linę and area (fig. 3). Further in the article the author argues that „movement arrows" are not an independent method of presentation.
Źródło:
Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny; 2009, T. 41, nr 3, 3; 221-226
0324-8321
Pojawia się w:
Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza zakłóceń procesów budowlanych
Interference analysis of construction processes
Autorzy:
Drzewiecka, J.
Pasławski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/402908.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:
zakłócenia
dystrybucja
materiały budowlane
elastyczność
dostawy
interference
distribution
construction materials
flexibility
delivery
Opis:
W analizie skutków zakłóceń mogących wystąpić w trakcie realizacji przedsięwzięcia budowlanego szczególną uwagę poświęcić należy nie tylko zakłóceniom procesów budowlanych, lecz także zakłóceniom dostaw materiałów na budowę. Na dwóch przykładach: budowy Trasy Mostu Północnego w Warszawie (kluczowe zakłócenie: wysoki stan wody rzeki Wisły) oraz wykonania sieci wodociągowej w terenie wiejskim (główny czynnik zakłócający: wysokie zwierciadło wody gruntowej), omówiono zakłócenia realizacji przedsięwzięcia, które znacznie skomplikowały wykonanie zadania, wydłużyły czas jego realizacji i zwiększyły koszty inwestycji. Zaproponowano działania umożliwiające ograniczenie wpływu zakłóceń na realizację procesów budowlanych poprzez wprowadzenie elastycznych strategii działania.
In analysis of distortion causes that might arise during the implementation of a construction project, particular attention should be given to disruption of supply of material on the site. For two examples: building Trails North Bridge in Warsaw – Key Upset high water of the Vistula River and the execution of water supply in rural area – a major factor interfering: high ground water level) are discussed distortions of the project, which greatly complicated the work of the execution of tasks, lengthen turnaround time and increased investment costs. It proposes actions to reduce the impact of disturbances on the implementation of the construction process through the introduction of flexible logistics strategies.
Źródło:
Budownictwo i Inżynieria Środowiska; 2011, 2, 4; 475-479
2081-3279
Pojawia się w:
Budownictwo i Inżynieria Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wprowadzenie elastyczności w zarządzaniu jakością na przykładzie betonowania
Introduction of flexibility in the quality management system based on concreting example
Autorzy:
Hsino, M.
Pasławski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/403025.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:
systemy zapewnienia jakości
elastyczne procedury
betonowanie
quality systems
elastic procedures
concreting
Opis:
Wprowadzenie systemów zapewnienia jakości w budownictwie poprzez opracowanie odpowiednich standardów (procedury, instrukcje, itp.) przyczyniło się do uporządkowania istniejących zasad działania oraz wprowadzenia jednoznacznej odpowiedzialności. Posiadanie systemu zarządzania jakością nobilituje także przedsiębiorstwo na rynku, czyni bardziej wiarygodnym dostawcą wyrobów lub usług. Niestety zbyt sztywne reguły działania mogą prowadzić do utrudnienia prawidłowego funkcjonowania poprzez ograniczenie inicjatywy i kreatywności pracowników, zbyt biurokratyczne reguły itp. Zastosowanie elastyczności w procedurach zarządzania jakością przyczynić się może do zwiększenia skuteczności i sprawności organizacyjnej dzięki możliwości wariantowania postępowania w celu dostosowania do zmian w otoczeniu.
The introduction of quality systems in the construction industry by developing appropriate standards (procedures, instructions, etc.) contributed to clarifying the existing rules of operation, and the introduction of clear responsibilities. Having a quality management system also ennobles the company in the market, makes a more reliable supplier of goods or services. Unfortunately, too rigid rules of operation may lead to difficulties by limiting the proper functioning of the initiative and creativity of workers, the bureaucratic rules of operation, etc. The use of flexibility in the procedures of quality management can contribute to enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency through capacity of variant proceedings in order to adapt to changes in the environment.
Źródło:
Budownictwo i Inżynieria Środowiska; 2011, 2, 3; 289-292
2081-3279
Pojawia się w:
Budownictwo i Inżynieria Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Internetowy Atlas metod kartograficznych
Internet Atlas of cartographic methods
Autorzy:
Korycka-Skorupa, J.
Nowacki, T.
Opach, T.
Pasławski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/204143.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geograficzne
Tematy:
ilościowe metody prezentacji
atlas metod kartograficznych
kartogram
kartodiagram
metoda izolinii
metoda kropkowa
sygnatury ilościowe
quantitative methods of presentation
Atlas of cartographic methods
choropleth map
diagram map
isoline map
dot map
quantitative symbols
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono internetowy Atlas metod kartograficznych, skierowany do tych, którzy chcą poznać podstawowe zasady redagowania map statystycznych. Autorzy podjęli się analizy pięciu ilościowych metod prezentacji kartograficznej, próbując przedstawić użytkownikowi najważniejsze zagadnienia związane z ich stosowaniem i interpretacją.
The free and all accessible Atlas of cartographic methods has been available on the Internet at www. educarto.pl since May 2012. The atlas was elaborated by the staff of the Department of Cartography of Warsaw University in 2010-2012. Growth of computer technologies has made it possible for everyone to author a map - especially a statistical one. Thus has appeared the need to prepare and make accessible to wider public a more elaborate guide than just a handbook or a set of instructions on how to run the program. The Atlas has been made to cater to the needs of those interested in learning basic rules of statistical map editing, so - of geography students, experts in spatial economy and environmental protection, surveyors. It is educational in character and aimed at showing quantitative methods and forms of cartographic presentation and focusing attention on map interpretation. It presents five quantitative forms and methods of presentation: diagram map, choropleth map, isoline map, dot map and quantitative symbols. The Atlas of cartographic methods is composed of two main parts (Fig. 1). The first part contains three 'chapters' of texts while the second - maps along with short commentaries. The first chapter is an elaboration entitled 'From the history of presentation forms and methods' and is illustrated with old maps. The second one - 'From data to map' - describes the process of editing a statistical map. It deals with data features and the possibilities of their transformation to fulfill the requirements of a specific presentation: - method of data reference (to points, area or line), data character (absolute, relative), method of showing data (continuous, discrete). The third chapter is entitled 'Methods step by step'. Its aim is to acquaint users with basic characteristics of the five forms of cartographic presentation. The second part of the atlas - 'Maps' - is a dynamic internet application and interactive environment for generating atlas full scale drawings. The application was programmed in PHP and is linked to MySQL database. The application's interface design was aimed to support the demonstrativeness of the Atlas - available functions have been limited to a minimum. The GUS (Central Statistical Office) Bank of Local Data resources (www.stat.gov.pl) served as material for elaborating maps in the Atlas. For elaborating a part of the Atlas full scale drawings an earlier prepared group of raster images was used. They were put on the server and shown in accordance with the parameters selected by the user. The remaining full scale drawings were created in a more complex way. Here applications programmed in PHP play an essential part. They process spatial and attribute data and display an automatically created map together with legend. The internet Atlas of cartographic methods can be treated as the first stage of a wider elaboration including all basic forms and methods of presentation.
Źródło:
Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny; 2012, T. 44, nr 2, 2; 105-119
0324-8321
Pojawia się w:
Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O Mapie poglądowej Królestwa Polskiego Jadwigi Wójcickiej z 1885 roku
On Illustrative school map of the Polish Kingdom from 1885 elaborated by Jadwiga Wójcicka
Autorzy:
Bułatowicz, O.
Pasławski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/204374.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geograficzne
Tematy:
historia kartografii
wiek XIX
Królestwo Polskie
mapa szkolna
history of cartography
19th century
Polish Kingdom
school map
Opis:
W artykule omówiono oryginalną mapę ścienną, genezę i okoliczności jej opracowania oraz wydania. Jest to zapewne pierwsza opublikowana polska ścienna mapa szkolna opracowana przez nauczycielkę.
The article deals with The Illustrative School Map of the Polish Kingdom published in 1885 in Warsaw. We know little about the author Jadwiga Wójcicka (1850-1933). She was most probably a self-taught woman. She taught at school, wrote for Warsaw dailies and wrote a popular book for youth. She had no training in cartography, and her foremost motive for elaborating the map was to help her sons in studying geography. J. Wójcicka finished her school map of Europe in 1880. After she sent it to Chicago to an exhibition of women's work, it got lost. In those times, the so called Polish Kingdom established at the Congress of Vienna (1815) was absolutely subordinated to Russia. After subsequent unsuccessful uprisings (1830, 1863), whose aim was to regain independence, the Russians drastically limited it for Poles. The official language was Russian, there existed Russian censorship and education was on a very low level. At the end of 19th century efforts were made to improve the level of economy and social life in Poland. The map was created with the financial help of Stanisław Szafrankiewicz, the publisher of 'Engineering and Construction' magazine, who employed an artist and paid for printing the map. The map was created in the times when economy school maps were only being devised. It is an illustrative map depicting river, settlement and communication network as well as soils (fig. 1) and forests. With realistic pictures the map shows agriculture, mining, manufacturing and various products. An originally elaborated box functions as the legend of economic symbols used on the map. The content was consulted with specialists and the known geographer and teacher W. Nałkowski (1851-1911). Economic issues are presented on the map through manufactured goods and images of specific industrial works. General notions such as cattle farming, food or textile industry were not used yet. Only several out of the published 1200 copies remained.
Źródło:
Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny; 2013, T. 45, nr 2, 2; 131-143
0324-8321
Pojawia się w:
Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Flexibility in management of modernization in construction - electrical works
Elastyczność w zarządzaniu modernizacją obiektów budowlanych na przykładzie robót elektrycznych
Autorzy:
Nowotarski, P.
Pasławski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/395931.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
flexible approach
light modernization
electrical contractor
energy savings modernization
obiekty budowlane
modernizacja oświetlenia
technologia LED
oszczędności energii
Opis:
The article presents the general principles of flexible approach, illustrated with case study regarding flexibility in modernization. Flexibility is understood in the present case as a skilful adaptation to changes in the dynamically changing environment. The essence of flexibility approach is being staged to make decisions based on environmental and process monitoring in progress. Presented case study of upgrading the electrical system in the multi-family housing in the common area is based on step by step procedure responding to damage state of this system. Simple analysis is based on cost comparison but there are other criteria (environmental, social etc.) and conflict solving situations taken into account in presented paper.
Artykuł prezentuje możliwość zastosowania elastyczności w modernizacjach istniejących obiektów budowlanych na przykładzie instalacji oświetleniowej. Elastyczność jest rozumiana w tym przypadku jako umiejętne dostosowanie się do zmian w dynamicznie zmieniającym się środowisku. Istotą podejścia elastycznego jest podejmowanie odpowiednich decyzji w odpowiednim czasie opartych na monitoringu środowiska i procesu w toku. Prezentowane studium przypadku modernizacji instalacji elektrycznej w budownictwie wielorodzinnym w częściach wspólnych obiektu (korytarze, klatki schodowe, hala garażowa) opiera się na wymianie i modernizacji tylko tych punktów, które w danym momencie ulegają awarii. Prosta analiza oby typów modernizacji opiera się na porównaniu kosztów, natomiast trzeba zaznaczyć, że możliwe są także inne kryteria (środowiskowe, konfliktu społecznego, itp.), które będą przedmiotem kolejnych publikacji. Zastąpienie tradycyjnych żarówek rozwiązaniami opartymi na technologii LED z zastosowaniem czujników ruchu może prowadzić do znacznych oszczędności, ale może też oznaczać obniżenie komfortu dla użytkowników (np. dla osób starszych, którym jeden cykl działania oświetlenia nie jest wystarczający do pokonania całej drogi na korytarzu). Osiągnięcie kompromisu w tego typu konfliktach interesów może być rozwiązane za pomocą podejścia elastycznego i zwinnego.
Źródło:
Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports; 2015, 17; 117-128
2080-5187
2450-8594
Pojawia się w:
Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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