Autor: Otremba, Z. - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: The European controlling system to reduce oil discharges in the sea
Autorzy:: Otremba, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246642.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: marine transport
oil pollution detection
satellite surveillance
CleanSeaNet
Opis:: Shiporigin operational discharges of oil mainly include the discharge of bilge water from motor rooms, fuel oil sludge and oily ballast water from fuel tanks. Also, various tankers can illegally discharge of tank-washing residues. Accidental discharges can appear when ship collide or come in distress at sea (e.g. engine breakdown, fire, explosion, pipeline breaks). There is necessity of continuous inspection of marine shipping routes, especially in environmentally sensitive areas (e.g. whole Baltic Sea). If protection against oil pollution is considered - the coastal nations of the North Sea are formed in the Bonn Agreement, whereas coastal nations of the Baltic Sea are formed in the HELCOM convention. Both organizations carrying out the international aerial surveillances and manage international oil-combat systems. Unfortunately, air surveillance can operate mainly in good weather, good visibility and in daylight. The surface of the whole world is observed independently on the time of day and weather by antennas of Synthetic Aperture Radars (SAR) of dozen military satellites with resolution of several meters. Some civil satellites equipped with SAR, supply every few days a set of signals which in ground-based centres are transformed to image of a define area of the sea surface. In these images, the shapes of places, which can be interpreted as polluted by an oil film, are shown. The system is introduced after EU directive and managed by European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA). EMSA has developed the CleanSeaNet service - a satellite based monitoring system for marine oil spill detection. Advantages and limitations of the SAR-methods are discussed in this study. Physical, meteorological and hydrological as well as organizational conditions for effective use of this system are considered.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 2; 375-381
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Modelling the bidirectional reflectance distribution functions (BRDF) of sea areas polluted by oil
Autorzy:: Otremba, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49118.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2004
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:: marine environment
radiance
petroleum industry
modelling
oil
pollution
remote sensing
oil pollution
oil emulsion
bidirectional reflectance distribution function
sea
oil-water emulsion
marine area
Opis:: The paper discusses the possibilities of modelling the bi-directional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) in sea areas polluted by oil. Three sea basin models are considered: a coastal one free of oil, one polluted by an oil film and one polluted by an oil emulsion. The following concentrations of oil were compared: for the film, 1 cm3 of oil per 1 m2 water surface, for the emulsion 1 cm3 of oil in 1 m3 of water. The optical properties of Romashkino crude oil were taken into consideration, as were various angles of incident solar light. The conversion of BRDFs into a directional distribution of the optical contrast of polluted areas is demonstrated.
Źródło:: Oceanologia; 2004, 46, 4
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:: Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Non-navigational Uses of the Sea Space: The Baltic Sea Case
Autorzy:: Otremba, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116738.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:: Baltic Sea, Sea Space
Technical Activity at Sea
Marine Environment
Offshore Technology
Non-Navigational Activity
Wind Energy
Oil and Gas Industry
Opis:: Some parts of the global ocean, apart from their traditional use (maritime transport, fishery, navy), becomes suitable for other technical activities and investments (e.g. gas and electricity transmission, wind farms, gas and oil extraction, gravel extraction, coastal protection). These activities interact with marine environment as well as can interfere with navigation. This paper presents relating to the Baltic Sea large scale technical activities as well as points up their possible individual environmental effects.
Źródło:: TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2013, 7, 4; 619-623
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:: TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Coefficient of light reflection foreseen for chosen oils
Autorzy:: Otremba, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247737.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: oil
reflectometry
Opis:: Properties of oil substances manifest themselves by numerous physical, chemical and physicochemical parameters. Among various physical parameters (like temperature dependencies of the density or the friction coefficient), optical parameters can be underlined, namely: coefficient of light refraction and coefficient of light absorption, both as dependencies on the light wavelength. Those parameters are only primary optical characteristics of define substance, because in fact they constitute input data for example in the calculation other optical waveforms like light reflection coefficient (reflectivity), which can be useful in techniques in which oil plays any role. Reflectivity is a value in electrodynamics theory when the light is treated as an electromagnetic wave and can be derived from Maxwell equations for the plane wave which incidence the air-oil interface. The main assumption of this study is expectation that reflection of the light from the surface of define oil contain spectral information about features of oil. In this paper, there are presented spectral dependencies of reflectivity for the light which incidents the surfaces of various examples of oil, namely: crude oil Romashkino, lubricate oil Marinol, fuel oil L-1. Such information can help in the future in preparation the remote (touchless) method of detection the quality of define exploitive oil substance or changes of its properties.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 4; 375-379
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: New technical uses of marine space of the Baltic Sea
Autorzy:: Otremba, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/248030.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: marine transport
large scale constructions
physical fields
marine environment protection
Opis:: The Baltic Sea area has already been intensively used by variety of maritime economic sectors such as marine transport, fishing, tourism, extraction of sand and gravel and oil and gas exploitation. This is also an area of relatively intense military penetration. In addition, this is a place of various other investments, e.g. coastal technical infrastructure (port and transhipment terminals constructions, as well as technical measures of the shoreline defence against transgression of the sea), electrical energy transmission systems (high voltage cables plus large scale electrodes) and natural gas transmission huge pipelines. Over the next decades, the use of the Baltic Sea will expand rapidly, particularly due to constructions of new coastal and offshore wind farms, electrical energy transfer network, further intensification of various forms of shipping, development and construction of new ports and terminals and installing new oil extraction platforms. Some of these activities influences natural spatial distribution of physical properties of the sea space (such as acoustic field, magnetic field, salinity distribution etc.) as well as disturb different natural processes (such as natural coastal dynamics, sedimentation, migration patterns of mobile species etc). In order to present this problem, most important existing activities as well as the most recent large-scale constructions in the Baltic Sea are selected and presented in this study (with emphasis on the Polish Exclusive Economic Zone). Moreover most likely disturbances of natural distributions of physical properties of marine space are analyzed in light of the impact on the environment
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 1; 311-318
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Oil identification based on total synchronous spectra
Autorzy:: Baszanowska, E.
Otremba, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246342.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: fluorescence spectroscopy
total synchronous spectra
lubricate oil
vessel engine room
marine environment
Opis:: Contribution of marine carriage in the global transport is in permanent developing. It leads to increase the unintentional oil spills, which may induce serious disturbances in functioning of the natural marine ecosystem, especially when it interferes with other technical activities in the marine space. That fact contributes to increase the interest in searching of new research techniques to protect the natural ecosystem. Therefore, the main task of marine international organisations concentrates on the effective and rapid detection of oil spill and on the possibility of identifying oil pollutants as well as on origin of pollution. The purpose of the study is to characterise the oil belonging to the vessel engine lubricate oils. We analyse the stage results of investigations based on one of types of fluorescence spectroscopy, namely: synchronous spectra. To characterise the oil, the Aqualog Horiba spectrofluorometer was applied, which allows performing precise measurement in a short time. Based on the measured excitation-emission spectra, total synchronous fluorescence spectra for oil were obtained using various wavelength intervals. Total synchronous fluorescence spectra of petroleum substances allow finding wavelength interval typical for particular type of oil. This approach could allow obtaining of complex mixtures, such as oils, more efficient description. We discuss the total synchronous fluorescence spectra for engine oil (Marinol type) dissolved in n-hexane in various concentrations of oil as a possible tool proposed to oil type identification. We present changes and variation of the total synchronous fluorescence spectra for oil with various oil concentrations.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 2; 15-20
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Properties of the Baltic crude oil in the oil-in-water emulsion form : excitation-emission spectra
Autorzy:: Baszanowska, E.
Otremba, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246400.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: crude oil
excitation-emission spectra
fluorescence
seawater
ropa naftowa
fluorescencja
woda morska
Opis:: Due to the fact that marine environment contamination by oil substances are not uncommon, it is necessary to improve the ability of determine their origin. Therefore, research on the possibility of recognizing the type of oil using its individual characteristic manifested in the processes of fluorescence excitation has been undertaken. Oil pollutants present in seawater mainly coming from ship drives, tankers, pipelines or sea bottom seeps, moreover oil leaks from offshore extraction equipment also are possible. For this reason, the crude oil extracted from the Baltic Sea deposit in the Polish Maritime Areas has been chosen for tests. Fluorescence properties of water containing small amounts of oil (concentrations from 5.59 to 55.4 ppm) in the form of oil-in-water emulsion were tested. Individual samples were assigned matrices of fluorescent values for different wavelengths, while excited by monochromatic light also for different wavelengths. The obtained matrices were visualized as a contour maps and 3D charts. For considered concentrations of crude oil dispersed in water, the wavelength-independent fluorescence maximum was determined. Obtained result indicates that in the studied wavelength range, the total fluorescence intensity is proportional to the oil concentration only for the lowest oil concentrations. The analysis of the objective parameter of the difference between the shapes of spectra indicates the similarity of the spectral shape for the lowest oil concentrations. These results are the methodological suggestion, that for the purpose of identifying the type of oil dispersed in water, spectra should be determined for sequences of different dilutions, until the excitation-emission spectra shapes become independent from the oil concentration.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 1; 7-14
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Light absorption properties of ‘Petrobaltic’ oil-in-water emulsion present in seawater
Autorzy:: Baszanowska, E.
Otremba, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246640.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: crude oil, absorbance
absorption spectra of dispersed oil
absorption coefficient
oil-in-water emulsion
Opis:: In the article, the characteristic of crude oil ‘Petrobaltic’ potentially present in the Baltic Sea water masses is considered in relation to the protection of marine environment. The main spectroscopic method to characterize various oils (crudes and refinery products like fuels and lubricating oils) is fluorescence. However, the absorbance measurements of oils are necessary due to the partial overlapping the spectra of natural seawater components and oil substances. Therefore, properties of crude oil are considered to expand the basis of spectroscopic properties of oils – typical marine organic pollutants – based on absorption measurements. Oils potentially found in the marine environment are, in addition to surface forms, also in-depth ones as oil-in-water emulsion. Therefore, in the article crude oil as oil-in-water emulsion form is considered. As a solvent demineralised water with salinity, corresponding to Baltic Sea salinity was used. Several concentrations of dispersed crude oil were prepared. The absorbance spectra in the UV and visual range of the light in the range from 240 to 600 nm, for each prepared samples are discussed. Based on the Lambert-Beer law for each wavelength of excitation, in the range 240-600 nm, the specific parameter absorption coefficient was determined. Obtained results indicate the rapid decreasing of the absorbance for this kind of oil in the wavelength range from 240 nm to 420 nm. However, in the shape of absorbance spectra is observed the characteristic wide and flat peak located at 260 nm for excitation wavelength, which could be a specific point for this kind of oil.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 3; 59-64
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Optical properties of fuels and lubricants vs. aquatic environment protection issues
Autorzy:: Otremba, Z.
Toczek, H.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247174.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: oil film
fuels
lubricants
aquatic environment protection
Opis:: Oils can be optically described by two parameters: light absorption coefficient and light refraction coefficient. Spectrum of absorption coefficient manifests itself in colour of oil, whereas spectrum of refraction coefficient impacts on both refractive and reflective properties of interface between oil and surroundings. Both spectra of absorption coefficient and refraction coefficient have distinctive slopes in ultraviolet edge of spectrum where values of mentioned coefficients decrease from extremely high in ultraviolet to relatively low in visual range. Possibility of perceiving of oil existing in the form of thin film or in the form of an emulsion depends on ambient light conditions and on mentioned optical properties. Additionally perceiving of oil depends on thickness of the oil film and on type of substrate on which oil is spread (water, metal etc.), as well as - if emulsion oil-in-water or water-in-oil is considered - on the droplets size distribution. The present paper begins with a review of optical properties of several oils. Next, an impact of changes of those properties on optical properties of an oil film (spread on water) as well as an impact of those properties on optical properties of oil-in-water emulsion is explained. Finally, exemplary results of numerical simulation of light transfer in marine environment (using above optical properties) - e.g. angular distributions of optical contrast of both sea areas clean and polluted by an oil-film are presented.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 4; 325-330
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Ocean optics in application to remote detection of an oil-in-water emulsion originating from the engine room
Autorzy:: Otremba, Z.
Rudź, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247417.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: environmental protection
oil pollution
engine room
ocean optics
Monte Carlo modelling
Opis:: Relatively great number of detected and confirmed oil spillages in the Polish marine areas reveals that discharge of oil substances from any one of a large number of ships to the marine environment is real in any time. Surface oil contamination can be easily detected by satellite or airborne radar techniąues, but unfortunately oil dispersed in the bulk of water cannot be detected at the present. Discharge waters usually contain small amounts ofoil substances in the form of dispersed droplets (emulsion). It is revealed that oil emulsion cause measurable changes in the optical properties of seawater. In practice, detection of changes of these properties should be possible by the standard radiance or irradiance reflectance meter. This paper presents a computed photon trace simulation applied to the marine environment polluted by oil-in-water emulsion. Model of marine area consists ofwhether conditions, sun elevation, sea depth, optical properties of seawater related to various transparency/turbidity: from clean oceanic waters to turbid coastal seawater (as water from Gulf of Gdańsk is). Model of oil pollution is represented by oil droplets size distribution and by spectra of both attenuation-coefficient and refraction-coefficient related to two optically absolutely different kinds of oil. It is revealed that the values of irradiance reflectance are significantly differ for the clean sea area in relation to the polluted one, even for small amounts of engine-room origin oil pollution.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 3; 349-353
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:: Maritime transport - an environmental problem with ballast water : technical preventive measures
Autorzy:: Freda, W.
Otremba, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247896.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: marine transport
ballast water
invasive species
environmental protection
Opis:: The fast development of marine transport causes a lot of environmental concerns connected with possible accidents of ships transporting hazardous cargoes as well as oil pollution coming from an exploitation of engine rooms. Moreover, a significant problem is connected with a ballast water handling. The use of ballast water is necessary for the safe movement of large ships. Namely, in maritime transport a ship unloading causes a reduction in its draft - it is a cause of lower steering or even completely prevents the safe movement of the ship. Therefore, in place of the discharged freight the ballast water is collected (often just during the unloading). This water is pumped out from a ship at the site of re-loading. However, this implies the risk of transportation of living organisms over large distances, which (if at the point of discharge of ballast water will find suitable conditions) can become invasive species. Because of the risks involved in carriage of these organisms, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has developed rigorous standards for permissible amounts of organisms in the discharged ballast water. A number of methods of biological neutralization of ballast water, that meet the requirements of the IMO, have been developed. The topic of this paper is to review currently used methods of neutralization of ballast water. We consider clearing of ballast water from point of view of physics, especially by using electromagnetic radiation and ultrasonic waves.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 2; 153-158
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:: Ship as a source of the sea pollution with oil
Autorzy:: Stelmaszewski, A.
Otremba, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247988.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: maritime transport
seawater
petroleum
environmental protection
Gulf of Gdansk
Opis:: The subject of marine vessel as a source of the sea pollution was taken because of very adverse impact of petroleum pollutants on the natural environment. Oil pollutions concern especially marine environment. However, petroleum inflows to the sea from many different sources, exploitation of the fleet are one of the significant causes of oil presence in the marine environment. MARPOL Convention requires the states parties thereto to monitor the state of contamination [3] and this is a second reason of taking this subject. During the past years, several tests of petroleum content in the Gulf of Gdansk were made by the Physics Department of Gdynia Maritime University. In total 115 samples of water were collected and analyzed during the period from 2004 to 2009 year in the Gulf of Gdansk, which is an area of intense ships traffic because of two great complexes of harbours located in Gdansk and in Gdynia. These tests were carried out with the help of Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences during cruises of the r.v. “Oceania”. Petroleum concentration in seawater was determined by means of improved fluorescence method. Oil in water concentration ranged from value below of the detection limit, that is 10–9 (less than 1 ppb), up to 3.5ź10–7 (350 ppb). Average concentration of oil was 4.3ź10–8 (43 ppb). Obtained results confirmed that Vistula River could be a source of petroleum pollution of the Gulf of Gdansk. Apart from this, vessels are the significant sources of oil in the seawater too. The most polluted places were founded in the area where ships crossed the Gulf of Gdansk.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 1; 385-389
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:: Testing of the synchronous fluorescence in application to used lubricate oil characterisation
Autorzy:: Baszanowska, E.
Otremba, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243560.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: marine fleet exploitation
lubricate oil
fluorescence spectroscopy
synchronous fluorescence spectra
Opis:: Reliability of the ship propulsion system depends, inter alia, on the quality of lubricate oils. Research indicates that exploitive features of oil are reduced with it runtime in the ship engine circuit. At the present the basic parameters representing exploitive features of oil are: water content, total acid number and total base number or viscosity vs. temperature, anti-wear performance, further: content of additives and their concentrations, reaction products, and other contaminating substances, also magnetically separated large ferromagnetic particles, the size, the shape, the composition and concentration of the abnormal wear particles. Additional properties of oil are described based on atomic emission spectroscopy, granulometry of separated from the lubricant sample by magnets and gravity, permeability changes, as well as rheometric and tribometric characteristics. Complexity of composition of lubricate oil raises the idea to use changes of relative content of any compounds for characterization of oil exploitive features. Fluorescence method is possible to use for oil properties characterisation due to the presence mono and polycyclic compounds in oil that induces fluorescence phenomenon. Therefore identification the fluorescence spectra when exploitation time of oil increases could be novel indicator to monitor of lubricate oil exploitive quality. In this study we present changes of oil fluorescence expressed by synchronous spectra, taking into account working time of exemplary lubricate oil in the ship engine.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 2; 39-44
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:: Light absorption spectra for lubricate oil quality tracking in the combustion engine
Autorzy:: Baszanowska, E.
Otremba, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243648.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: lubricate oil
dissolved oil
absorption spectroscopy
absorption coefficient
engine system
Opis:: The important role in the proper functioning of combustion engines plays the quality of lubricates oil. However, the quality of oil changes with the time of exploitation. Therefore, several parameters for examination of oil quality were determined; however, the indicator for quick and efficient tracking of evolution of oil with exploitation time is still searched. Taking into account the complex composition of oils, the ability of oils components to absorb light in various wavelengths is considered. In the article absorption properties of oils is discussed in relation to the time of circulation of oil in the engine lubricate system. For this study, two lubricate oils designated to lubricate the cylinder of vessel engines with different brightness and transparency were used. Oil samples were dissolved in organic solvent –n-hexane and several oil concentration were prepared based on dilution method. Absorbance spectra for eachsamples of oil were registered in the range of wavelength 240-600 nm. Obtained results indicate the changes of value of absorbance in relation to the kind of oil; however, the shape of absorbance spectra is independent from the kind of oil. For studied kinds of oil, characteristic peak independent from the kind of oil located at 260 nm was determined. Based on Lambert-Beer law absorption coefficient was identified as a potential indicator to oil quality evaluation with the time of exploitation in the engine system. Preliminary test for two fresh lubricate oils allow to conclude that absorption coefficient for selected wavelength located at 260 nm could be a sensitive parameter for quick estimating the degree of deterioration of the oil in engine system.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 1; 55-60
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 15.

Tytuł:: Ultraviolet-induced fluorescence of lubricate oils
Fluorescencja oleju smarnego wzbudzana światłem ultrafioletowym
Autorzy:: Baszanowska, E.
Otremba, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/134176.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:: lubricate oil
fluorescence
optical fiber
olej smarny
fluorescencja
sensor optyczny
Opis:: The paper describes the study on relationship between the engine lubricate oil quality and fluorescence phenomenon. In order to determine the Excitation-Emission spectra (EEMs) of oil samples, a spectrofluorometer combined with an optical fiber system were applied. Two methods of fluorescence measurement: when oil diluted in non-fluorescent solvent (n-hexane) is placed in the quartz-cuvette inside the spectrofluorometer, and when oil sample is placed outside the spectrofluorometer (then EEMs is measured through the optical fiber sensor) were utilized to analyze the shape of EEMs of lubricate oil. Moreover in the second case of measurement, the optical fiber sensor was placed at an angle of 45 degrees to the oil surface, similarly above the oil surface and beneath the oil surface directly submerged in oil. Preliminary measurement results presented in this paper – on one hand – indicate diversity in the shape of EEMs depending on the method of fluorescence measurement, on the other hand – indicate possibility to measure fluorescence of oil directly in engine lubricate oil circuit.
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań związku pomiędzy jakością oleju smarnego a zjawiskiem fluorescencji. W celu wyznaczenia widm zupełnych fluorescencji próbek oleju wykorzystano spektrofluorymetr połączony ze światłowodowym systemem pomiarowym. Zanalizowano kształt widm odnoszących się do oleju smarnego w dwóch sytuacjach, gdy: olej jest rozpuszczony w niefluoryzującym medium (n-hexan) i umieszczony jest w przyrządzie w kwarcowej kuwecie oraz gdy próbka oleju znajduje się na zewnątrz przyrządu, sygnał jest przenoszony światłowodem. Ponadto przy pomiarach z zastosowaniem światłowodu ustawiona pod kątem 45° głowica pomiarowa zestawu światłowodowego znajduje się, odpowiednio: w powietrzu nad powierzchnią oleju albo pod powierzchnię oleju. Przedstawione w niniejszym artykule wstępne wyniki badań z jednej strony wskazują na zróżnicowanie kształtów widm zupełnych fluorescencji względem metody pomiarowej, z drugiej strony – wskazują na możliwość wyznaczania fluorescencji bez wstępnej obróbki laboratoryjnej, bezpośrednio w silnikowym obiegu oleju smarnego.
Źródło:: Combustion Engines; 2015, 54, 4; 21-25
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:: Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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