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    Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13
    Tytuł:
    Szerokość pasma jądrowego estymatora rozkładu pierśnic w drzewostanach olszy czarnej (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) z zachodniej części Kotliny Sandomierskiej
    Bandwidth of kernel estimator of DBH distribution in black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) stands from west part of the Sandomierz Basin
    Autorzy:
    Pogoda, P.
    Ochał, W.
    Orzeł, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985919.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    dendrometria
    drzewa lesne
    olsza czarna
    Alnus glutinosa
    piersnice drzew
    rozklad piersnic
    estymacja
    estymatory jadrowe nieparametryczne
    kernel estimator
    bandwidth
    dbh structure
    black alder
    Opis:
    Set of ‘nonparametric’ methods, that don’t make a priori assumption about functional form of empirical distribution was developed as an alternative to the parametric distribution modeling. The kernel estimators are one of such methods, that can be used to describe the frequency of data representing for example DBH records. Kernel smoothing requires the choice of weighting function and bandwidth also called as smoothing parameter or window. The lack of comprehensive analysis on the applicability of particular bandwidth selection methods to model DBH structure gave an impulse to present investigation aimed at determining value and variability of smoothing parameter in black alder stands. The optimal bandwidth was obtained according to six different variants of plug−in method proposed by Altman and Léger. Presented investigations were based on DBH measurements collected in 163 managed black alder stands aged from 6 to 89 years, growing in the west part of the Sandomierz Basin (S Poland). We measured in total 22,530 black alders, from 48 to 359 in individual stand. Stands were characterized by: age, quadratic mean diameter, basal area, mean height, Reineke’s stand density index and standard deviation of DBH. Smoothing parameter was obtained by means of plug−in method with the pilot bandwidth selected by: Silverman’s rule of thumb (nrd0), Scott’s method (nrd), unbiased cross−validation (ucv), biased cross−validation (bcv), method of Sheather and Jones (sj) and one−stage method of Wand and Jones (onestage). The bandwidth was first obtained to real data, then to 100 bootstrap samples of 5, 10, 15 ... and 100 trees from each stand. Smoothing parameters were characterized by mean and variance. Relationship between values of smoothing parameter and stand characteristics was determined. Finally the influence of sample size on value and variability of bandwidth was assessed. Value and variability of smoothing parameter in black alder stands are determined by stand age, sample size and method of bandwidth choice. There is a close relationship between bandwidth and the mean height (r from 0.75 to 0.83), quadratic mean diameter (r from 0.79 to 0.88) and standard deviation of DBH (r from 0.84 to 0.93). Potentially these stand features can be used to predict smoothing parameter values. Minor changes of bandwidth for samples containing above 50 trees together with persistence of standard error give an objective grounds for defining optimal number of diameters, that are necessary to kernel estimation of DBH distribution.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 05; 411-421
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Biomasa i roczna produkcja drzewostanów dębowych Puszczy Niepołomickiej
    Biomass and annual production of oak stands in the Niepolomicka Forest
    Autorzy:
    Orzeł, S.
    Ochał, W.
    Forgiel, M.
    Socha, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1018550.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    drzewostany debowe
    Puszcza Niepolomicka
    lesnictwo
    biomasa
    produkcja biomasy
    oak stand
    biomass
    annual biomass production
    Opis:
    The paper presents the results of the study on biomass volume and annual production of oak stands in the Niepołomicka Forest. The analysis was based on the material collected from 59 circular sample plots where oak accounted for more than 50% of the volume of the tree layer. In the total biomass of the tree layer amounting to about 225.3 t·ha–1, the biomass of the shrub layer (underbrush) is about 2.3 t·ha–1. In the tree layer biomass (about 223 t·ha–1), wood makes up on average 86.4%, bark – 12% and assimilatory apparatus – 1.6%. The share of wood in the biomass increases with the increase of stand age, while that of bark and assimilatory apparatus declines. The proportion of these elements in the dry mass production (on average 9.8 t·ha–1·year–1) is somewhat different. Almost 35% of its volume is assimilatory apparatus whose share increases with stand age. The increment of bark is about 9%, while of wood it is 56% of the annual biomass production of the stands under analysis and slightly decreases with stand age.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2006, 150, 05; 30-43
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Nadziemna biomasa i roczna produkcja drzewostanów sosnowych Puszczy Niepołomickiej
    Aboveground biomass and annual production in stands of the Niepolomicka Forest
    Autorzy:
    Orzeł, S.
    Forgiel, M.
    Ochał, W.
    Socha, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1018720.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    drzewostany sosnowe
    Puszcza Niepolomicka
    lesnictwo
    biomasa
    produkcja biomasy
    pine stands
    biomass
    annual biomass production
    Opis:
    The empirical material used in the studies took in measurement results. The measurements were carried out on 221 circular plots distributed systematically in an area of about 5826 hectares of stands in the Niepołomicka Forest where pine accounts for more than 50% of volume in the upper tree layer. The mean biomass of these stands is about 173 t·ha–1 of which 80.6% is pine biomass. The biomass volume and increment depend equally on stand age, habitat conditions and, in some age classes, the share of admixture species. The proportion of wood in biomass production markedly declines with stand age while that of the assimilatory apparatus increased.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2006, 150, 09; 16-32
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena przydatności wybranych funkcji do modelowania rozkładu pierśnic w drzewostanach olszy czarnej (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.)
    Evaluation of usefulness of selected functions for modeling distribution of breast height diameter in black alder stands (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.)
    Autorzy:
    Orzeł, S.
    Pogoda, P.
    Ochał, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/988989.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    drzewostany olszowe
    struktura grubosci
    olsza czarna
    Alnus glutinosa
    piersnice drzew
    rozklad piersnic
    rozklad teoretyczny
    aproksymacja
    modelowanie
    funkcja gestosci prawdopodobienstwa
    test Kolmogorowa-Smirnowa
    diameter at breast height
    diameter distribution
    probability density function
    kolmogorov−smirnov test
    Opis:
    We evaluated the usefulness of ten theoretical probability density functions for the approximation of the breast height diameter distributions in managed alder stands growing in the western part of the Sandomierz Basin (southern Poland). The study material consisted of measurement results for 22,530 alders obtained for 844 circular sample plots, established in 163 stands aged 6−89. In the area of particular stands, from 2 to 10 age−dependent circular sample plots sized 0.01−0.10 ha were systematically arranged. We evaluated the following theoretical probability distributions: normal (N), double normal (P−N), Johnson SB (J), Weibull (W), beta (B), Burr (Bu), gamma (G), log−normal (L−N), log−logistic (L−L) and Birnbaum−Saunders (B−S). Additionally the usefulness of the W, B, Bu, G, L−N, L−L and B−S distributions with omitted location parameter was tested. The goodness−of−fit of each probability density function was assessed based on the Kolmogorov−Smirnov statistic, the root mean square error and ranks established on their basis. It was found that DBH distribution of majority stands is characterized by right−sided asymmetry and negative kurtosis. It was showed that the best distribution for the breast height diameter structure approximation of alder stands is the Johnson SB (J) distribution. To describe the frequency of thickness, normal (N) and log−logistic (L−L) distribution should not be used. Elimination of location parameter significantly affects usefulness of probability density functions to modeling empirical distributions of breast height diameter. Gamma and Burr distributions with omitted location parameter gave the best results in description the frequency of breast height diameter. In certain situations, these distributions can also be used to describe the structure of breast height diameter of alder stands.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2017, 161, 02; 101-113
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Produkcyjnosc gorskich drzewostanow swierkowych srednich klas wieku w zaleznosci od wysokosci ich polozenia nad poziomem morza
    Autorzy:
    Orzel, S
    Socha, J.
    Ochal, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/821398.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1999
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    Beskidy Zachodnie
    produkcyjnosc lasu
    wysokosc nad poziomem morza
    czynniki siedliska
    drzewostany swierkowe
    lasy gorskie
    lesnictwo
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 1999, 143, 05; 37-45
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Stała krzywa wysokości dla olszy czarnej (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) z zachodniej części Kotliny Sandomierskiej
    Generalized height-diameter model for black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) in the western part of the Sandomierz Basin
    Autorzy:
    Orzeł, S.
    Pogoda, P.
    Ochał, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/991312.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    dendrometria
    drzewa lesne
    olsza czarna
    Alnus glutinosa
    piersnice drzew
    wysokosc drzew
    stale krzywe wysokosci
    Kotlina Sandomierska
    alder stands
    height−diameter curve
    local uniform height curve
    the sandomierz basin
    Opis:
    The study shows that the accuracy of tree height approximation by means of investigated functions is not modified by the age or site conditions of the analysed alder stands. The widest range of tree height variability was explained by Schnute (M5) function. Higher values of adjusted coefficient of determination (R²adj) are usually obtained when the height of black alder stands in the western part of the Sandomierz Basin is determined with M2 height−diameter curve.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2014, 158, 11; 840-849
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Struktura biomasy podszytu występującego w drzewostanach Puszczy Niepołomickiej
    Autorzy:
    Orzeł, S.
    Socha, J.
    Forgiel, M.
    Ochał, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1022245.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    sklad gatunkowy
    lasy
    Puszcza Niepolomicka
    lesnictwo
    biomasa
    podszyt
    undergrowth
    biomass
    niepołomicka forest
    Opis:
    The study has demonstrated that the undergrowth layer in the stands of the Niepołomicka Forest is diversified in respect to the number of species and their spatial distribution highly variable. The main species that occur in the undergrowth is alder buckthorn found on 53.4% of the experimental plots. Its biomass amounting to 0.961 t·ha–1 represents 43.9% of the biomass of the undergrowth layer. The biomass structure is described by the one−arm curve.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2005, 149, 04; 40-47
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Assessment of hospitalizations of patients after intoxication with organophosphates used in agriculture
    Autorzy:
    Orzeł, A.K.
    Flieger, W.
    Szlichta, D.
    Terpiłowska, B.
    Terpiłowski, M.
    Orzeł, Z.
    Tchórz, M.
    Szponar, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28761871.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Źródło:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2022, 29, 1; 143-148
    1232-1966
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Alokacja nadziemnej biomasy u sosen zajmujących różne pozycje biosocjalne w drzewostanie
    Aboveground biomass allocation in Scots pines of different biosocial positions in the stand
    Autorzy:
    Ochał, W.
    Grabczyński, S.
    Orzeł, S.
    Wertz, B.
    Socha, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/991636.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    drzewa lesne
    pozycja biosocjalna drzew
    sosna zwyczajna
    Pinus sylvestris
    biomasa nadziemna
    alokacja biomasy
    scots pine
    aboveground biomass
    biomass allocation
    biosocial class
    Opis:
    The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the biosocial position occupied by the tree on the amount and structure of the biomass produced. The empirical material was measurements of biomass for 63 pines (21 for each of the I, II, and III Kraft classes). The total aboveground biomass of the trees was calculated as sum of following fractions: stem wood, stem bark, living branches, dead branches, shoots, needles and cones. It has been found that with a decrease of biosocial position of tree the share of a stem increases while share of branches in the overall biomass of the tree decreases. On the other hand biosocial position does not affect significantly the share of needles, dead branches and cones.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2013, 157, 10; 737-746
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dokładność określania świeżej masy strzał jodły na podstawie przeliczników wagowo-objętościowych
    Accuracy of estimation silver fir stem mass on the basis of volume to weight conversion factors
    Autorzy:
    Ochal, W.
    Wertz, B.
    Grabczyński, S.
    Orzeł, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985798.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    drzewa lesne
    jodla pospolita
    Abies alba
    biomasa drzewna
    masa strzaly drzew
    biomasa swieza
    szacowanie biomasy
    wspolczynniki wagowo-objetosciowe
    gestosc drewna
    abies alba
    wood density
    stem biomass
    biomass estimation
    Opis:
    The paper describes the accuracy of estimation of silver fir stem fresh mass on the basis of volume to weight conversion factor, derived from samples, collected from few different places along the stem. The research material contained 13 sample trees selected from homogenous 70−years old stand, situated in mountainous area of the Beskid Sądecki in Polish part of the Carpathians (S Poland). Volume over the bark of sample trees was calculated with section−wise method and the whole stem fresh biomass was directly weighted. For each sample tree three stem discs were collected at 1/6, 1/2 and 5/6 of tree height, their weight and volume were precisely determined and the biomass conversion factors (equivalent of stem density) were calculated. The assessment of the accuracy of whole fresh stem biomass was conducted according to five variants: for the biomass conversion factors derived from each individual stem disc (lower, middle or upper), from weighted mean density and on the basis of the constructed mixed model, where relative height and diameter were treated as fixed effects and influence of individual trees was included as a random term. The volume of sample fir stems ranged from 0.15 to 2.22 m3, while their fresh biomass varied between 138.1 and 1896.7 kg. Obtained results show that variation of the density was higher within stems than between them (coefficient of variation amounted to 8.4% i 3.3% respectively). The average density increased along stem, from 835.6 kg/m3 for lower part (1/6H) to 986.8 kg/m3 for the upper part (5/6H). Estimating the biomass on the basis of just lower stem disc resulted in the average relative error equal to –5.8%, while for middle stem disc the error was +1.2%, and for upper disc +11.3%. The use of conversion factors derived from weighted average density of all three stem discs resulted in average bias equal to –1,7% with standard error 1,0%. Despite the presence of mean bias of –2.3%, the constructed density model gave the most precise estimation of the stem biomass (standard error 0.7%), which indicates the reasons for its further improvements and usage.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 04; 277-287
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dokładność stałych krzywych wysokości dla drzewostanów olszy czarnej (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.)
    Accuracy of the uniform height curves for black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) stands
    Autorzy:
    Ochał, W.
    Orzeł, S.
    Siudak, K.
    Zamyślewska, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989648.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    dendrometria
    drzewostany olszowe
    drzewa lesne
    olsza czarna
    Alnus glutinosa
    piersnice drzew
    wysokosc drzew
    stale krzywe wysokosci
    h−d relationship
    uniform height curve
    forest inventory
    black alder
    Opis:
    The study presents the assessment of the accuracy of two generalized height−diameter models, such as skwB [Bruchwald et al. 2001] and skwO [Orzeł et al. 2014], developed in Poland for black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) stands. Verification of these models was conducted on empirical material that was collected in 127 alder stands located in the western part of Sandomierz Basin (southern Poland). Selected alder stands aged 6−89 years, while average breast height diameter ranged from 4.5 to 43.0 cm and average height from 6.3 to 32.7 m. The stand density varied from 222 to 4360 trees/ha. The accuracy assessment for uniform height−diameter curves was based on the analysis of single tree absolute error distributions. Synthetic indicators of goodness−of−fit, such as: average and standard errors, coefficients of variation and determination were calculated based on absolute errors. The final evaluation of the compared uniform height−diameter models results from the structure of the goodness−of−fit measures that was observed within all analyzed stands and within age classes of 20 years. The efficiency of uniform height−diameter models was also compared with stand height−diameter curve, which was developed based on the Näslund function. General height−diameter models overestimated height in alder stands on average from 0.26 (1.67) to 0.19 m (1.39%), based on skwB and skwO models, respectively. Bias depended on the age of stand and decreases from almost 3% in I age class to nearly 0.5% in IV and V age class. For both analyzed models, a positive systematic error was observed for the standardized breast height diameter. Bias in estimating the height of single stand depended on the accuracy of stand height estimations. In case of estimation based on the measurements of three trees height, bias in single stand can range from –13% to +14%. Due to the range and nature of observed systematic errors, uniform height curves should be applied to groups of stands that have different age and breast height diameter structure, as it allows for partial reduction of the error.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2016, 160, 08; 635-646
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13

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