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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Bearing capacity of embedded and skirted E-shaped footing on layered sand
    Autorzy:
    Nazeer, S.
    Dutta, R. K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2055759.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Komputerowej Nauki o Materiałach i Inżynierii Powierzchni w Gliwicach
    Tematy:
    skirted and embedded E-shaped footing
    E-shaped footing
    finite element analysis
    bearing capacity
    layered sandstone
    skirt depth
    embedment depth
    thickness of upper layer
    friction angle
    stopa fundamentowa
    analiza elementów skończonych
    nośność podłoża
    piaskowiec warstwowy
    grubość warstwy wierzchniej
    kąt tarcia
    Opis:
    Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the ultimate bearing capacity of the embedded and skirted E-shaped footing resting on two layered sand using finite element method. The analysis was carried out by using ABACUS software. Design/methodology/approach: The numerical study of the ultimate bearing capacity of the embedded and skirted E-shaped footing resting on layered sand and subjected to vertical load was carried out using finite element analysis. The layered sand was having an upper layer of loose sand of thickness H and lower layer was considered as dense sand of infinite depth. The various parameters varied were the friction angle of the upper (30° to 34°) and lower (42° to 46°) layer of sand, the skirt depth (0B, 0.25B, 0.5B and 1B), the embedment depth (0B, 0.25B, 0.5B and 1B) and the thickness (0.5B, 2B and 4B) of the upper sand layer, where B is the width of the square footing. Findings: The ultimate bearing capacity was higher for the skirted E-shaped footing followed by embedded E-shaped footing and unskirted E-shaped footing in this order for all combinations of variables studied. The improvement in the ultimate bearing capacity for the skirted E-shaped footing in comparison to the embedded E-shaped footing was in the range of 0.31 % to 61.13 %, 30.5 % to 146.31 % and 73.26 % to 282.38% corresponding to H/B ratios of 0.5, 2.0 and 4.0 respectively. The highest increase (283.38 %) was observed at φ1 =30° and φ2 =46° corresponding to H/B and Ds/B ratio of 4.0 and 1.0 respectively while the increase was lowest (0.31 %) at φ1 =34° and φ2 =46° at H/B ratio of 0.5 and Ds/B ratio of 0.5. For the skirted E-shaped footing, the lateral spread was more as in comparison to the embedded E-shaped footing. The bearing capacity of the skirted footing was equal the sum of bearing capacity of the surface footing, the skin resistance developed around the skirt surfaces and tip resistance of the skirt with coefficient of determination as 0.8739. The highest displacement was found below the unskirted and embedded E-shaped footing, and at the skirt tip in the case of the skirted E-shaped footing. Further, the displacement contours generated supports the observations of the multi-edge embedded and skirted footings regarding the ultimate bearing capacity on layered sands. Research limitations/implications: The results presented in this paper were based on the numerical study conducted on E shaped footing made from a square footing of size 1.5 m x 1.5 m. However, further validation of the results presented in this paper, is recommended using experimental study conducted on similar size E shaped footing. Practical implications: The proposed numerical study can be an advantage for the architects designing similar types of super structures requiring similar shaped footings. Originality/value: No numerical study on embedded and skirted E shaped footing resting on layered sand (loose over dense) were conducted so far. Hence, an attempt was made in this article to estimate the bearing capacity of the same footings.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering; 2021, 108, 1; 5--23
    1734-8412
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Bearing capacity of E-shaped footing on layered sand
    Autorzy:
    Nazeer, S.
    Dutta, R. K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818792.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Komputerowej Nauki o Materiałach i Inżynierii Powierzchni w Gliwicach
    Tematy:
    square footing
    E-shaped footing
    finite element analysis
    bearing capacity
    layered sandstone
    thickness of upper layer
    friction angle
    stopa fundamentowa
    analiza elementów skończonych
    nośność podłoża
    piaskowiec warstwowy
    grubość warstwy wierzchniej
    kąt tarcia
    Opis:
    Purpose: The purpose of this study is to estimate the ultimate bearing capacity of the E-shaped footing resting on two layered sand using finite element method. The solution was implemented using ABACUS software. Design/methodology/approach: The numerical study of the ultimate bearing capacity of the E-shaped footing resting on layered sand and subjected to vertical load was carried out using finite element analysis. The layered sand was having an upper layer of loose sand of thickness H and lower layer was considered as dense sand of infinite depth. The various parameters varied were the friction angle of the upper (30° to 34°) and lower (42° to 46°) layer of sand as well as the thickness (0.5B, 2B and 4B) of the upper sand layer. Findings: The results reveal that the dimensionless ultimate bearing capacity was found to decrease with the increased in the H/B ratio for all combinations of parameters. The dimensionless ultimate bearing capacity was maximum for the upper loose sand friction angle of 34° and lower dense sand friction angle of 46°. The results further reveal that the dimensionless bearing capacity of the E-shaped footing was higher in comparison to the dimensionless bearing capacity of the square footing on layered sand (loose over dense). The improvement in the ultimate bearing capacity for the E-shaped footing was observed in the range of 109.35% to 152.24%, 0.44% to 7.63% and 0.63% to 18.97% corresponding to H/B ratio of 0.5, 2 and 4 respectively. The lowest percentage improvement in the dimensionless bearing capacity for the E-shaped footing on layered sand was 0.44 % at a H/B = 2 whereas the highest improvement was 152.24 % at a H/B = 0.5. Change of footing shape from square to E-shaped, the failure mechanism changes from general shear to local shear failure. Research limitations/implications: The results presented in this paper were based on the numerical study conducted on E-shaped footing made out of a square footing of size 1.5 m x 1.5 m. However, further validation of the results presented in this paper, is recommended using experimental study conducted on similar size E-shaped footing. Practical implications: The proposed numerical study can be useful for the architects designing similar types of super structures requiring similar shaped footings. Originality/value: No numerical study on E-shaped footing resting on layered sand (loose over dense) were conducted so far. Hence, an attempt was made in this article to estimate the bearing capacity of these footings.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering; 2021, 105, 2; 49--60
    1734-8412
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ethnobotanical knowledge and folk medicinal significance of the flora of district Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan
    Autorzy:
    Ali, S.S.
    Hussain, K.
    Nawaz, K.
    Bhatti, K.H.
    Bashir, Z.
    Nazeer, A.
    Arif, U.
    Jafar, S.
    Siddiqi, E.H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2049056.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Włókien Naturalnych i Roślin Zielarskich
    Tematy:
    District Gujrat
    medicine
    ethnomedicinal flora
    survey
    native people
    prowincja Gujrat
    lek
    rośliny lecznicze używane w medycynie ludowej
    rdzenni mieszkańcy
    badanie ankietowe
    Opis:
    Introduction: Medicinal plants are the natural source of medicines used in treatment of many diseases among local communities of various countries. It is also the raw material for the pharmaceutical industry. Pakistan is a country with a variety of medicinal plants, comprehensively studied in some areas, while others still need more studies of their flora. Objectives: The study was performed to catalogue the flora of district Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan and to assess its ethnomedicinal importance. Methods: A field survey was conducted in the Gujrat district (including Sarai Alamgir, Gujrat and Kharian) in 2019–2020 to collect the flora. Nearly 200 people of various age groups were interviewed and the questionnaire was filled, the gender and professions of the participants were also noted. Results: The plant species collected belonged to 32 different Angiosperm families i.e. Poaceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Moraceae, Amaranthaceae, Apiaceae, Myrtaceae, Rutaceae, Solanaceae, Malvaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Lamiaceae. The obtained material consisted of 30 herbs, 20 shrubs and 22 trees. The floral parts used most often were leaves (63%) followed by: flower (41%), fruit (28%), stem (16%), seed (16%), bark (14%), root (13%), whole plant (12%), underground part (3%) and latex (3%). According to the study, the highest RFC (Relative Frequency of Citation) values were 0.1 in Cassia fistula L. (0.25) and the smallest RFC values were observed in Stellaria media (L.) Vill. – 0.025. The highest UV (Use Values) were noted for Achyranthes aspera L. at 0.9. In disease category, the highest value (0.67) of ICF (Informant Consensus Factor) was observed for stomach and skin infections, while the lowest ICF value was noted for diabetes and gonorrhoea (0.27). Conclusions: It was concluded that the Gujrat district is rich in useful plants that can be used in the preparation of various medicines as well as be sold on the herbal market.
    Źródło:
    Herba Polonica; 2020, 66, 1; 37-51
    0018-0599
    Pojawia się w:
    Herba Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ethnobotanical investigation of significant seasonal medicinal weeds of Toba Tek Singh District, Punjab, Pakistan
    Autorzy:
    Tufail, M.
    Hussain, K.
    Nawaz, K.
    Iqbal, I.
    Arshad, N.
    Shahzadi, A.
    Javed, A.
    Nazeer, A.
    Bashir, Z.
    Qurban, M.
    Zeb, J.
    Ali, S.S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2049359.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Włókien Naturalnych i Roślin Zielarskich
    Tematy:
    weeds
    ethnobotany
    flora
    survey
    chwasty
    etnobotanika
    badanie
    Opis:
    Introduction: Medicinal plants are found throughout the world but most are considered weeds. They are – directly or indirectly – the major source of medicines in pharmaceutical and herbal industries. Formulations used to prepare medicines or the method of use for these plants are mainly based on folk or traditional knowledge. This folk knowledge is not documented in many areas and needs to be explored. Objectives: This study was aimed to enlist the seasonal weed species with traditional medicinal usage in Toba Tek Singh District, Punjab, Pakistan. Methods: Field surveys were arranged in winter and summer 2019–2020 to enlist the important medicinal weeds and traditional knowledge of the local community. Data collected were as follows: local name of weed, medicinal use, method and part used. Results: Numerous wild perennial, biennial and annual plants were identified, 30 of them were ethnomedicinally important in the local community. They were grouped in 16 families. It was found that whole weed is used in many prescriptions (37%). Achyranthes aspera L. (Amaranthaceae) was the most common weed used in treating fevers, respiratory problems and asthma. Cichorium intybus L. (Asteraceae) was used in summer drinks to reduce thirst, improve digestion and liver function. Chenopodium album L. (Amaranthaceae) was used with 0.71 UV and 0.147 RFC values. Medicago polymorpha L. (Fabaceae) was used to treat kidney, intestinal and bladder infections. Its UV was 0.65 and RFC was 0.121. Tribulus terrestris L. (Zygophyllaceae) was used in impotency treatment, and in the removal of kidney stones and urinary tract infections treatment. It has 0.63 UV and 0.21 RFC values. This weed also showed the highest Fidelity Level (FL) (77%), as compared to other weeds. Conclusion: It was concluded that there are many significant medicinal weeds in the Toba Tek Singh District, Punjab, Pakistan that are used in traditional medicines in treating various disorders. These plants also showed herbal or pharmacological importance that can be used to develop medicine at commercial scale.
    Źródło:
    Herba Polonica; 2021, 67, 2; 29-38
    0018-0599
    Pojawia się w:
    Herba Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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