Autor: Naber, J. - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Exhaust gas recirculation strategy in the hydrogen SI engine
Autorzy:: Szwaja, S.
Naber, J. D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243087.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2007
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
hydrogen
exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)
Opis:: It is known that Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) can be successfully applied not only for reducing NOx content in exhaust gases but also for reduction of combustion knock in SI engines. From this point of view, EGR can be particularly effective for knock elimination in the hydrogen reciprocating engine. Additionally with the application of EGR, the H2-air combustion can be maintained at the stoichiometric ratio enabling highly efficient NOx reduction in catalytic converters. In this paper a strategy of estimating EGR for the naturally aspirated, hydrogen fuelled engine is explained. On the basis of this strategy, the closed loop control system of the EGR was built and was implemented for the single cylinder CFR engine. There is also an outline of the test bed and several examples of in-cylinder pressure courses recorded under various EGR percentages. Next, the impact of EGR on combustion knock in the hydrogen fuelled engine is presented. Finally, conclusions concerning EGR application for hydrogen combustion in the IC engine are presented. EGR calculation and control scheme, main diagram of EGR calculation, subroutine (Sub-block) for calculating the molecular weight of EGR gases, in-cylinder pressure traces for several EGR levels during hydrogen combustion in the CFR engine, the fluctuating component of in-cylinder pressure during hydrogen combustion with several levels of EGR, peak pressure of fluctuation component of in-cylinder pressure vs. EGR percentage are presented in the paper.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 2; 457-464
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Statistical approach to characterize combustion knock in the hydrogen fuelled SI engine
Autorzy:: Naber, J. D
Szwaja, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246456.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2007
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engines
combustion knock
hydrogen
statistical distribution
Opis:: Combustion knock in a hydrogen fuelled engine has many different characteristic as compared to knock occurring in the gasoline engine. This is a result of differences in the gasoline and hydrogen combustion mechanisms which lead to knock. Hydrogen as the engine fuel is able to produce combustion knock of significant intensity. This intensity can be determined by measurements, which have been successfully applied for examining knock generated by the gasoline fuelled engine. This paper describes the engine test bed, in-cylinder pressure traces and methods for determining knock intensity. Further, the statistical approach for characterizing combustion knock is also presented. It concentrates on applications of several probability distributions for expressing individual knock intensity metrics of hydrogen port fuelled spark ignited engine. It is assumed that knock metrics for engine working cycles are considered as random variables. The knock metrics are based on the fluctuation component of the in-cylinder pressure traces sampled at 100 khz and are calculated for 300 consecutive engine working cycles. It was noticed that the knock metrics distribution profile changes as the knock intensity varies from light to heavy knock. In the paper, modelling of this knock distribution profile using several known stochastic distributions is also presented. Finally, usefulness of statistical distributions for characterizing combustion knock is shown.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 3; 443-450
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Impact of leaning hydrogen-air mixtures on engine combustion knock
Autorzy:: Szwaja, S.
Naber, J. D
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243860.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: IC engine
lean hydrogen-air mixture
combustion knock
Opis:: Combustion of lean hydrogen-air mixtures in an internal combustion (IC) spark ignited (SI) engine in respect of combustion knock effect is presented in this paper. It is known that making the combustible mixture leaner leads to both decreasing in-cylinder peak temperature of combustion and lengthening ignition lag. It also increases combustion duration. Having these issues on mind it could be concluded that combustion knock intensity decreases as well. It is reported that such a hypothesis is also correct when hydrogen based fuels are combusted in the IC engine, although hydrogen as an engine fuel, on the contrary to gasoline, is very susceptible to knock generation throughout the entire combustion duration. At the beginning the paper examines the combustion knock intensity on the basis of in-cylinder pressure traces. Next, a test-bed and obtained experimental results of hydrogen combustion in the IC single cylinder CFR engine are showed. Finally, analysis of knock intensity referring to lean hydrogen-air mixture ratio, expressed by the excess air number so-called lambda, is carried out. Significant conclusion from the analysis is that there is strong negative correlation between the hydrogen knock intensity and the excess air number lambda. In the end, comparison with exhaust gas recirculation as alternative way to reduce combustion knock, and constraints for leaning the hydrogen-air combustible mixture for the IC engine are discussed in the paper.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 2; 483-491
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Property determination for ethanol-gasoline blends with application to mass fraction burn analysis in a spark ignition engine
Autorzy:: Yeliana, Yeliana
Worm, J.
Michalek, D.
Naber, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950185.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: ethanol-gasoline blend
mass fraction burn
heat release
IC engine
fuel-air mixture properties
Opis:: The Mass Fraction Burn (MFB) and Heat Release Rate (HRR) reflects the amount of fuel burned, and the rate of burning throughout the combustion process in an internal combustion engine. These parameters play a crucial role in research and development endeavors focused on engine efficiency, emissions, and overall operating performance. They are computed by analyzing measured pressure data and applying thermodynamic principals to determine the energy released during the combustion process. Thus, the properties of the fuel-air and combusted gas mixtures play an important role in the analysis. Engine pressure data were taken from a Spark-Ignition Cooperative Fuels Research (CFR) engine operating at a constant load of 330 kPa Net Indicated Mean Effective Pressure (Net IMEP) and using five ethanol-gasoline fuel blends: E0 (gasoline), E20, E40, E60, and E84. The fuels were assumed to be in a non-reacting state throughout the mixing process. Once the fuel mixture properties were known, the fuel-air and burned mixture properties were determined using the fuel-air mass ratio. The analysis presented within this paper details the process by which the fuel, fuel-air, and burned mixture properties can be determined. The MFB of five different fuel blends at a chosen operating condition was also presented along with the pressure trace, the temperature and the gamma profile at the end of this paper.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 2; 553-561
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Premixed combustion of acetylene-hydrogen fuel mixtures for thermodynamic state generation in a constant volume combustion vessel
Autorzy:: Johnson, S.
Nesbitt, J.
Lee, S. -Y.
Naber, J. D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242374.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: combustion engine
diesel engine
combustion processes
pressure vessel
preborn
Opis:: Flammability limits and flame speeds of dilute-lean fuel mixtures of hydrogen (H2) and acetylem premixed with oxygen (02) and nitrogen (N2) were examined with a detailed kinetics model. These mixtures are used in a preburn in a constant volume combustion vessel to create elevated temperatures and pressures with gas compositions that represent the thermodynamic state in a diesel engine combustion chamber at fuel injection and auto ignition. A mixture of hydrogen and acetylene with combined atomic hydrogen to carbon ratio (HCR) of 1.85 was used to match that of typical diesel fuel and results are shown in comparison to a previously used mixture with a HCR of 1.17. The lower flammability limit (LFL) of the HCR 1.85 fuel mixture was found at an equivalence ratio of 0.235, while flame speed and adiabatic combustion temperatures were also predicted for post preburn product oxygen levels between O and 21 percent. Flame speeds were shown to decrease with a reduction in oxygen concentration, an increase in nitrogen dilution, while combustion temperatures increased over most of this range. Trends for this relation of flame speed and temperature are presented and a new premixed fuel mixture with an HCR of 1.85 is proposed.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 2; 199-208
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Wiebe function parameter determination for mass fraction burn calculation in an ETHANOL-GASOLINE fuelled SI engine
Autorzy:: Yeliana, Yeliana
Cooney, C.
Worm, J.
Michalek, D.
Naber, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949481.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: ethanol-gasoline blend
mass fraction burn
IC engine
Wiebe function
Opis:: The Mass Fraction Burn (MFB) and Heat Release Rate (HRR) reflect the amount of fuel burned and the rate of burning throughout the combustion process in an internal combustion engine. These parameters play a crucial role in research and development endeavours focused on engine efficiency, emissions, and overall operating performance. Analytically in a Spark-Ignition (SI) engine, these parameters are often modelled with the Wiebe function, a well known mass fraction burn formulation, which is a function of "a" (efficiency parameter), "m" (form factor), crank angle, and the duration of combustion. This function is a simple but powerful correlation model that is well suited for zero and one dimensional engine cycle simulations. In this work, the Wiebe function parameters are determined over a range of fuel compositions and compression ratios by fitting the Wiebe function curve to the experimentally obtained MFB data from a single-zone HRR analysis. The Wiebe function parameters are determined using a curve fitting model by finding the minimum of a scalar function of several variables. This functionality has been built into the single-zone mass fraction burned model. Experiments with five ethanol-gasoline fuel blends: E0 (gasoline), E20, E40, E60, and E84 were conducted on a SI Cooperative Fuels Research (CFR) engine while holding a constant load of 330 kPa Net Indicated Mean Effective Pressure (Net IMEP). There were five methods introduced to fit the Wiebe function parameters, which utilized a combination of least square method and direct algebraic solution. This paper details the process used to determine the Wiebe function parameters, and compare the results obtained using these methods for the ethanol-gasoline mixture concentrations.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 3; 567-574
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Application and comparison of soy based biodiesel fuel to ultra low sulfur diesel fuel in a HPCR diesel engine - Part II: combustion and emissions
Autorzy:: Mathur, V. K.
Moscherosch, B. W.
Polonowski, C. J.
Naber, J. D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244859.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: biodiesel
combustion
EGR
injection timing
emissions
Opis:: Biofuels have the potential to diversify transportation energy sources and reduce dependence on petroleum based fuels. Of these biofuels, Methyl-ester biodiesel holds significant potential as it has many characteristics similar to petroleum based diesel and can be blended with petroleum. However, biodiesel's differences in viscosity, specific energy, oxygen content, and cetane number can cause significant changes in engine performance and emissions. Therefore, it is of prime interest to understand the combustion behaviour of biodiesel and identify key factors that contribute changes in engine performance and emissions. In this study, a 100% biodiesel fuel derived from soy and an ultra low sulphur diesel fuel were tested in a high-speed direct-injection high pressure common rail four-cylinder 1.9L diesel engine. The engine control strategy allowed real time calibration and testing of independent control parameters including start of injection, injection duration, injection pressure, and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) level. The engine was equipped with in-cylinder pressure transducers for combustion analysis. Instrumentation for gaseous emissions detection and carbaceous particulate matter (PM) sampling was also utilized. Both the fuels were studied under varied injection timing of 0centigrade BTDC to 12 centigrade BTDC in increments of 3 centigrade, EGR percentages of 0 and 10%, and injection pressures of 400 to 900 bar. Analysis was performed to determine the rate of heat release, ignition delay, NOX and PM emissions.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 4; 311-320
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Application and comparison of soy based biodiesel fuel to ultra low sulfur diesel fuel in a HPCR diesel engine - part I: engine performance parameters
Autorzy:: Mathur, V. K.
Moscherosch, B. W.
Polonowski, C. J.
Naber, J. D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243662.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: biodiesel
EGR
injection timing
performance
Opis:: In the US transportation sector uses two-thirds of the country's total oil consumption. In order to minimize the consumption in this sector there is a need to investigate alternate sources of energy. Biodiesel is a possible alternative to conventional diesel. Biodiesel has many characteristics similar to petroleum based diesel and can be blended with petroleum. However biodiesel's differences in fuel properties including viscosity, bulk modulus, density, and energy content can have significant impacts on engine performance parameters like BSFC and thermal efficiency. As the availability of biodiesel fuel increases, the need for engines capable of running on various mixtures of biodiesel fuel will be required. Similar to flex-fuel ethanol vehicles, control systems for the diesel engine and aftertreatment systems will need to detect and compensate for the fuel type. In this work, a soy based B100 biodiesel fuel and an ultra low sulfur diesel fuel were tested in a high-speed direct-injection high pressure common rail four-cylinder 1.9 L diesel engine. An internally developed engine control strategy allowed real-time calibration and testing of independent control parameters including start of injection, injection duration, injection pressure, and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) level. Both the fuels were studied under varied injection timing (0°BTDC to 12°BTDC with increments of 3°) and EGR percentages of 0 and 10%. Analysis was performed to determine the Torque, BSFC and Brake thermal efficiency.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 3; 327-334
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Investigation of knock suppression characteristics in a boosted methane : gasoline blended fuelled SI engine
Autorzy:: Yang, Z.
Miganakallu, N.
Rao, S.
Harsulkar, J.
Naber, J.
Lonari, Y.
Szwaja, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244629.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: knock
methane
gasoline
E10
blend fuel
knock onset prediction
simulation
Opis:: Natural gas has a higher knock suppression effect than gasoline which makes it possible to operate at higher compression ratio and higher loads resulting in increased thermal efficiency in a spark ignition engine However, using port fuel injected natural gas instead of gasoline reduces the volumetric efficiency from the standpoints of the charge displacement of the gaseous fuel and the charge cooling that occurs from liquid fuels. This article investigates the combustion and engine performance characteristics by utilizing experimental and simulation methods varying the natural gas-gasoline blending ratio at constant engine speed, load, and knock level. The experimental tests were conducted on a single cylinder prototype spark ignited engine equipped with two fuel systems: (i) a Direct Injection system for gasoline and (ii) a Port Fuel Injection (PFI) system for compressed natural gas. For the fuels, gasoline with 10% ethanol by volume (commercially known as E10) with a research octane number of 91.7 is used for gasoline via the DI system, while methane is injected through PFI system. The knock suppression tests were conducted at 1500 rpm, 12 bar net indicated mean effective pressure wherein the engine was boosted using compressed air. At 60% of blending methane with E10 gasoline, the results show high knock suppression. The net indicated specific fuel consumption is 7% lower, but the volumetric efficiency is 7% lower compared to E10 gasoline only condition. A knock prediction model was calibrated in the 1-D simulation software GT-Power by Gamma Technologies. The calibration was conducted by correlating the simulated engine knock onset with the experimental results. The simulation results show its capability to predict knock onset at various fuel blending ratios.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 3; 517-525
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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