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    Tytuł:
    Self-Control Scale AS-36: Construction and validation study
    Autorzy:
    Nęcka, Edward
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430290.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-09-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    self-control
    self-control-questionnaire
    self-control scale
    executive control
    assessment
    Opis:
    This paper presents a validation study of a new questionnaire of self-control as an individual trait. The questionnaire has two parallel versions, one based on self-reports (AS-36) and another one based on informant reports (AS-36-3). Each version consists of three subscales, called Inhibition (12 items), Switching (12 items), and Goal Monitoring (12 items). Eight samples of participants (N = 935 altogether) took part in the validation study. Both versions obtained satisfactory indices of internal consistency, assessed with Cronbach’s alpha and split-half coefficients. Selfcontrol assessed with this scale proved to be entirely independent of general intelligence. However, AS-36 and AS-36-3 scores tended to correlate with other self-report measures of trait self control, such as Tangney, Baumeister, and Boone’s (2004) self-control scale. We conclude that AS-36 is a valid and reliable tool, suitable for assessment of self-control in both research and diagnostic settings.
    Źródło:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2015, 46, 3; 488-497
    0079-2993
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wolna wola czy wolne weto: rola świadomości w czynnościach wolicjonalnych
    Autorzy:
    Nęcka, Edward
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/11543444.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
    Opis:
    Wola jest jednym z najtrudniejszych problemów dla nauki, zwłaszcza dla nauk empirycznych, w tym – neuronauki poznaw- czej. Nauki empiryczne budują przyczynowo-skutkowe lub pro- babilistyczne modele badanych zjawisk, a w treści pojęcia „wola” znajdziemy wyraźne elementy indeterminizmu. Wola jest, jak się wydaje, nierozerwalnie związana z wolnością, o czym świadczy zbitka pojęciowa „wolna wola”. Jeśli człowiek dysponuje wolną wolą, nauka ma duże trudności w zmierzeniu się z opisem i wyja- śnieniem tego fenomenu.
    Źródło:
    Dusza - umysł - wolna wola; 11-31
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Capacity, Control, or Both – Which Aspects of Working Memory Contribute to Children’s General Fluid Intelligence?
    Autorzy:
    Nęcka, Edward
    Lulewicz, Agata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430619.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-04-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    working memory
    intelligence
    n-back
    schoolchildren
    Opis:
    Starting from the assumption that working memory capacity is an important predictor of general fluid intelligence, we asked which aspects of working memory account for this relationship. Two theoretical stances are discussed. The first one posits that the important explanatory factor is storage capacity, roughly defined as the number of chunks possible to hold in the focus of attention. The second one claims that intelligence is explained by the efficiency of executive control, for instance, by prepotent response inhibition. We investigated 96 children at the age between 10 and 13. They completed a version of the n-back task that allows assessment of both storage capacity and inhibitory control. They also completed Raven’s Progressive Matrices as the fluid intelligence test and the Test for Creative Thinking - Drawing Production, for control purposes. We found that Raven’s scores correlated negatively with the number of unnecessary responses to irrelevant stimuli but they did not correlate with the number of signal detections. We conclude that children’s fluid intelligence depends on inhibitory control, with no relationship with storage capacity.
    Źródło:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2016, 47, 1; 21-28
    0079-2993
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Intelligence and parallel versus sequential organization of information processing in analogical reasoning
    Autorzy:
    Orzechowski, Jarosław
    Nęcka, Edward
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/419420.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011-11-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    intelligence
    analogical reasoning
    parallel processing
    sequential processing
    attention
    working memory
    Opis:
    The construct of the organization of information processing (OIP) has been adopted as a possible cognitive mechanism responsible for human intelligent functioning. Participants (N = 77) were asked to solve an analogical reasoning task, a test of divided attention, a working memory capacity test, and Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices as a standard test of general fl uid intelligence. On the basis of the chronometric analysis of their performance in the analogy task, participants were divided into those preferring to use parallel or sequential modes of organization of information processing. It appeared that intelligent people using the parallel mode of processing obtained the best results in the analogical reasoning test. Other subgroups did not differ substantially from one another. It also appeared that intelligent people using the parallel mode of processing performed equally well regardless of their attentional resources and working memory capacity, whereas people using the sequential mode of processing were much more dependent on these basic cognitive limitations. A compensatory mechanism is suggested in order to account for this data: the parallel mode of processing probably helps to compensate for defi cient attention or impaired working memory, whereas the sequential mode cannot act in a compensatory way.
    Źródło:
    Studia Psychologiczne (Psychological Studies); 2011, 49, 5; 41-53
    0081-685X
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Psychologiczne (Psychological Studies)
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Task conditions and short-term memory search: two-phase model of STM search
    Autorzy:
    Orzechowski, Jarosław
    Nęcka, Edward
    Balas, Robert
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430621.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-04-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    short-term memory
    STM retrieval
    STM search
    Sternberg paradigm
    familiarity
    recollection
    Opis:
    Short-term memory (STM) search, as investigated within the Sternberg paradigm, is usually described as exhaustive rather than self-terminated, although the debate concerning these issues is still hot. We report three experiments employing a modified Sternberg paradigm and show that whether STM search is exhaustive or self-terminated depends on task conditions. Specifically, STM search self-terminates as soon as a positive match is found, whereas exhaustive search occurs when the STM content does not contain a searched item. Additionally, we show that task conditions influence whether familiarity- or recollection-based strategies dominate STM search performance. Namely, when speeding up the tempo of stimuli presentation increases the task demands, people use familiarity-based retrieval more often, which results in faster but less accurate recognition judgments. We conclude that STM search processes flexibly adapt to current task conditions and finally propose two-phase model of STM search.
    Źródło:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2016, 47, 1; 12-20
    0079-2993
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Enhancement of Executive Control through Short-term Cognitive Training: Far-transfer Effects on General Fluid Intelligence
    Autorzy:
    Nęcka, Edward
    Wujcik, Radosław
    Nowak, Michał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2128622.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    cognitive training
    executive control
    intelligence
    Opis:
    We predicted that short-term training of executive control would improve both cognitive control itself (Hypothesis 1) and general fluid intelligence (Hypothesis 2). We randomly assigned 120 high school students to the experimental and control groups. The former underwent a 14-day training of four executive functions: interference resolution, response inhibition, task switching, and goal monitoring. The latter did not train anything. The training significantly improved cognitive control and IQ. The control group also improved their IQ scores but gained less than the experimental one. However, the amount of IQ scores enhancement did not correlate with the majority of indices of the training effectiveness, thus justifying the supposition that such enhancement resulted from the general effect of participation in the training rather than from the improvement of executive functions underlying Gf.
    Źródło:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2017, 1; 72-78
    0079-2993
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The role of executive processes in working memory deficits in Parkinson’s Disease
    Autorzy:
    Gruszka, Aleksandra
    Bor, Daniel
    Barker, Roger R.
    Necka, Edward
    Owen, Adrian M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430574.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-04-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Parkinson’s disease
    spatial working memory
    verbal working memory
    frontal lobe
    executive function
    Opis:
    Idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) impairs working memory, but the exact nature of this deficit in terms of the underlying cognitive mechanisms is not well understood. In this study patients with mild clinical symptoms of PD were compared with matched healthy control subjects on a computerized battery of tests designed to assess spatial working memory and verbal working memory. In the spatial working memory task, subjects were required to recall a sequence of four locations. The verbal working memory task was methodologically identical except for the modality of the stimuli used, requiring subjects to orally recall a sequence of six digits. In either case, half of the sequences were structured in a way that allowed ‘chunking’, while others were unstructured. This manipulation was designed to dissociate the strategic component of task performance from the memory-load component. Mild medicated patients with PD were impaired only on the structured versions of the verbal working memory tasks. The analogous deficit in the spatial working memory was less pronounced. These findings are in agreement with the hypothesis that working memory deficits in PD reflect mainly the executive component of the tasks and that the deficits may be at least partly modality-independent.
    Źródło:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2016, 47, 1; 123-130
    0079-2993
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    NAS-50 and NAS-40: New scales for the assessment of self-control
    Autorzy:
    Nęcka, Edward
    Wujcik, Radosław
    Orzechowski, Jarosław
    Gruszka, Aleksandra
    Janik, Beata
    Nowak, Michał
    Wójcik, Natalia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430784.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-09-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    self-control
    questionnaire
    scale
    self-report
    other-report
    psychological assessment
    Opis:
    In this paper, we present a new questionnaire for the assessment of self-control as an individual trait. We describe the process of construction of this assessment tool. We also report the results of relevant validation studies. The questionnaire has two independent versions, one based on self-reports (NAS-50) and another one based on other-reports (NAS-40). The first version consists of five subscales (10 items each), called Initiative and Persistence (IP), Proactive Control (PC), Switching and Flexibility (SF), Inhibition and Adjournment (IA), and Goal Maintenance (GM). Seven samples of participants (N = 934 altogether) took part in the validation study. The second version has not been split into subscales. Both versions obtained satisfactory indices of internal consistency, assessed with Cronbach’s alpha (for NAS- 50 total score a = .861, for the subscales a between .726 and .867; for NAS-40 a = .844). The NAS-50 and NAS-40 scores were highly correlated with other measures of self-control, including Tangney, Baumeister, and Boone’s (2004) self-control scale. They also proved to be entirely independent of general intelligence. In conclusion, both versions can be regarded reliable and valid enough, and therefore suitable for the assessment of trait self-control for research purposes.
    Źródło:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2016, 47, 3; 346-355
    0079-2993
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Perceptual global processing and hierarchically organized affordances – the lack of interaction between vision-for-perception and vision-for-action
    Autorzy:
    Piotr, Styrkowiec
    Edward, Nęcka
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430678.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    perceptual global processing
    affordances
    visuo-motor information processing
    Opis:
    Abstract: In visual information processing, two kinds of vision are distinguished: vision-for-perception related to the conscious identifi cation of objects, and vision-for-action that deals with visual control of movements. Neuroscience suggests that these two functions are performed by two separate brain neural systems – the ventral and dorsal pathways (Milner and Goodale, 1995). Two experiments using behavioural measures were conducted with the objective of exploring any potential interaction between these two functions of vision. The aim was to combine in one task methods allowing for the simultaneous capture of both perceptual global processing and affordance extraction and to check whether they infi uence each other. This aim was achieved by employing the paradigms of Navon (1977) and Tucker and Ellis (1998). A compound fi gure was created made up of objects with handles that might or might not have orientation congruent between levels. The results revealed that while the affordance effect occurred every time, the Navon effect appeared only when subjects focused their attention on object elements responsible for inconsistence within compound fi gure. Most importantly, even when these two effects occurred at once, they had no effect on each other. Results from the study failed to confi rm the hypothesis about interaction and gives support to the view that vision-for-perception and vision-for-action tend to act as separate systems.
    Źródło:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2012, 43, 3; 151-166
    0079-2993
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10

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