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    Wyświetlanie 1-41 z 41
    Tytuł:
    Beam pattern probability density function for multiple echo statistics
    Autorzy:
    Moszyński, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/331690.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    When fish target strength is estimated indirectly from single beam echo peak values the inverse techniques of solving the "single-beam integral equation" are recently quite satisfactorily used. This approach needs prior knowledge of beam pattern PDF, as it represents the kernel of the integral equation and is usually estimated under assumption of uniform spatial distribution of fish. However, it may be shown that in some cases this assumption not necessarily must be valid. For instance, when the density of fish is increased one receives multiple echoes from one fish observed in successive transmissions. Moreover, in some situations uniform assumption works properly only for the cases of large number of samples. Taking into account this phenomenon the accuracy of solution may be improved by including fish counting statistics in calculating the beam pattern PDF.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2000, 3; 149-154
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Specific features of data processing in microcontroller driven miniaturized digital echosounder
    Autorzy:
    Moszyński, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/331790.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    Application of the modem VLSI digital technology to the area of portable sonar equipment, like depth sounders, fish finders, short-range sonars etc., provide automatic acquisition and recording of acoustic data, along with communication with various marine equipment, like chart plotter, GPS, or even host computer, using NMEA OJ83 protocol. The paper presents one such application, which constitutes the design of miniaturized microcontroller driven digital echosounder, and in particular (he bathymetric data processing employed in this design. The dedicated software for such a system consists of two parts: one hard-coded in the microcontroller EEPROM memory and the other running on attached equipment. The first one uses unique features of the microcontroller, which allows real-time compression of echo data, implementation of bottom tracking algorithms and communication with host computer, while the latter in general is used for presentation of echo signals and displaying of various echogram graphics along with associate reports.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2001, 4; 173-176
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    On a threshold induced bias in fish target strength estimation
    Autorzy:
    Moszyński, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332238.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Tematy:
    fisheries acoustics
    marine organisms
    Opis:
    In fisheries acoustics the bias introduced by a system threshold in the integration of echoes from fish and other marine organisms has long been recognized. Some simple methods for evaluating such a bias uses Rayleigh assumption applied to fish backscattering length distribution. More adequate methods require that the target strength distribution of the fish and directivity pattern of the transducer be known. The method proposed here uses statistical approach for correction of target strength probability density function (PDF). The theory of conditional target strength PDF and conditional beam pattern PDF is derived. It provides correction not only for mean value of target strength but for whole distribution. The data obtained from simulations are presented and compared with those obtained from single-beam inverse processing.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2003, 6; 49-52
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    On statistical linear inverse problems in fishery acoustics
    Autorzy:
    Moszyński, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332520.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The paper summarizes several aspects of solving statistical linear inverse problems that occur in the processes related to fish abundance estimation performed on the basis of acoustically acquired data. As the difficulty in solving such problems inherently comes from uncertainty in determination of so called inversion kernel, the paper discusses the key approaches that lead to formulation of statistical relations between acoustic echoes observed from swimming fish in their natural environment and mostly required fish parameter, namely physical length of the fish.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2007, 10; 131-142
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Indirect fish target strength estimation using adaptive kernel
    Autorzy:
    Moszyński, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332772.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The typical approach to the problem of indirect fish target strength estimation from data collected using single-beam system is based on inversion of probability density function (PDF) of measured fish echo level. Due to ill-conditioning of most inversion algorithms, small errors in input data, and inaccuracies in the assumed form of the kernel, may result in large errors at the output. Therefore, al! modern inversion algorithms use sophisticated techniques to achieve satisfying results, assuming fixed kernel in the inversion procedure. The paper presents different approach, which uses adaptive construction of the kernel, under assumption of non-negative constraints in the obtained estimate of fish target strength PDF. As a result, the more reliable beam pattern PDF is obtained which leads to unbiased and more accurate estimate offish target strength PDF, than in the conventional (fixed kernel) methods.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2001, 4; 177-180
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Nuclear techniques in homeland security
    Autorzy:
    Moszyński, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147942.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    border monitoring
    nuclear techniques in border monitoring
    Opis:
    Selected methods for border monitoring, utilizing nuclear techniques are discussed, with a particular emphasis on those developed with the contribution of our Institute. It covers a basic inspection of the borders against smuggling of radioactive materials, as well as known systems using linear accelerators of electrons for inspection of large trucks by X-ray radiography. More advanced active methods based on tagged neutron inspection systems to monitor explosives and methods based on photofission to detect fissile materials are presented, too.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2005, 50,suppl.3; 53-58
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The beam pattern PDF in target strength estimation - theoretical and practical approach
    Autorzy:
    Moszyński, M.
    Stepnowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/331912.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1997
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The knowledge of beam pattem probability density function (PDF) plays a crucial role in target strength estimation when using indirect methods. The paper describes the theoretical and practical aspects of approximations applied in calculating the PDF of this deterministic function from a probabilistic point of view. The solution of differential equation presented in the paper leads to a unified approach to approximations and has a elear interpretation.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 1997, 1; 31-26
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Using concentrated spectrogram for analysis of audio acoustic signals
    Autorzy:
    Czarnecki, K.
    Moszyński, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332421.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The paper presents results of time-frequency analysis of audio acoustic signals using the method of Concentrated Spectrograph also known as "Cross-spectral method" or "Reassignment method". Presented algorithm involves signal's local group delay and channelized instantaneous frequency to relevantly redistribute all Short-time Fourier transform lines in time-frequency plain. The main intention of the paper is to compare various guitar playing techniques including legato, staccato, vibrato, glissando, slide and bending. Additionally, the advantages of concentrated spectrograms especially high energy concentration in comparison with classical spectrogram based directly only on Short-time Fourier transform are presented. Moreover, the vibrato playing technique is considered also for another musical instruments: flute and violin.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2012, 15; 27-32
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The estimation of norwegian cod size distribution from acoustic data
    Autorzy:
    Moszyński, M.
    Stepnowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332441.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The paper presents an algorithm for estimation the fish length distribution from acoustic target strength data. The theory of scattering from a tilted cylinder is used for modelling the fish directivity pattern of swimbladdered fish. The model allows for formulating the dependence of target strength on two main components; the maximum target strength and the fish directivity pattern. As both terms depend on fish length, the inverse technique used when processing is performed on introduced conditional distributions. The effect of fish tilt angle is in this way removed, or deconvolved from the target strength distribution.. The resulting fish maximum target strength distribution is further converted into fish length distribution using equivalent parameters for swimbladder morphology. The method is verified on actual data acquired during the Lofoten 2004 survey on spawning grounds of North East Arctic cod (Gadus morhua).
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2006, 9; 133-138
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kalman filtering for 3d real time data visualization of multibeam sonar records
    Autorzy:
    Demkowicz, J.
    Moszyński, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/331515.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Tematy:
    Kalman filtering
    sonar records
    visualization
    Opis:
    For the last decade multibeam sonars have been increasingly used for mapping and visualization of the bottom surfaces to provide the 'physical bases' for environmental studies due to theirs unprecedentedly high resolution mapping ability. However, the raw sonar records are subject to systematic errors, random noise and outliers. In this paper Kalman filtering approach to generating optimal estimates of bottom surface from a noisy raw sonar records is presented. The experiment on the surface indicates that after applying the Kalman filtering technique the outliers of raw records can be efficiently detected and removed. Moreover in the same time, the two-step Kalman filtering method is applied, which aims to filter every multibeam sonar swath and enable 3D seabed visualization in real time. The 3D bottom relief before, and after the filtering method application is also presented.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2003, 6; 189-194
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Modelling the seafloor 3D relief and its reconstruction from multibeam sonar data
    Autorzy:
    Łubniewski, Z.
    Moszyński, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/331622.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The simple, real-time procedure for seafloor relief reconstruction and simultaneous seabed type identification using echo data from hypothetical multibeam sonar system was proposed. The algorithm was tested using artificially generated relief and seabed type data. In the first stage, 3D surface of seafloor was generated, using the inverse Fourier transformation of the 2D spatial frequency spectrum of power law form. In the second stage, the generation. of the set of multibeam sonar data, which simulated echoes collected from seabed, was performed with account for the distances from transducer to particular surface elements, scattering coefficient and the angles of insonification. Finally, the spatial form of seabed was reconstructed using the simulated data, while bottom type was identified simultaneously using estimated angular dependence of backscattering coefficient. The obtained results showed the good performance of the proposed reconstruction procedure for artificial data and suggested verification of the algorithm using real data.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2001, 4; 153-156
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A spice equivalent circuit for modeling the performance of dual frequency echo-sounder
    Autorzy:
    Moszynski, M.
    Lis, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/331762.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The paper presents novel network equivalent circuit of piezoceramic circular disc transducer that takes into account thickness and radial mode of vibrations. The starting point of the analysis is 4-port description of circular disc element representing the solution of wave equation set in radial and thickness directions. The approximate solution for harmonic case is represented in the form of 4x4 matrix, which is synthesized and implemented in circuit analysis software. The network is extended with acoustical port that allows for pressure calculations in the similar manner as when measuring echo-sounder transmitting and receiving parameters. The model is especially useful for simulating complete electronic circuit of dual frequency echo-sounders based on single circular disc transducer.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2011, 14; 165-170
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The use of numerical methods for the analysis of phase phenomena in multi-element antennas
    Autorzy:
    Lis, W.
    Moszyński, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/331910.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Tematy:
    numerical methods
    antenna signals
    acoustics
    Opis:
    The article describes an analysis of the effects of mutual impedance on the phase of multi-element antenna signals. The calculations were made using a substitute model of a Mason ultrasonic transducer. The effects of self and mutual impedance on the phase of multielement antenna signals were considered.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2003, 6; 215-220
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The statistics of fish echo traces - models and validation
    Autorzy:
    Moszynski, M.
    Stepnowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332758.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    Beam pattern probability density function (PDF) plays important role in indirect fish target strength estimation methods as it constitutes the kernel of any form of a "single-beam integral equation" that should be solved for unknown target strength PDP. Typically, the beam pattern PDF is calculated under the assumption of uniform spatial distribution of fish targets in beam pattern cross-section. However, in some cases this assumption can not be justified due to fish or vessel movement, and different number of fish echoes in fish traces. In the paper, two different models of fish traces statistics were investigated: one assuming the vessel movement with stationary fish and the other with stationary vessel and moving fish. Both approaches were modelled numerically and later verified experimentally using data obtained from a dual-beam system.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2000, 3; 155-160
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    3D reconstruction of seafloor from side-scan records
    Autorzy:
    Bikonis, K.
    Moszyński, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332770.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The modern underwater acoustic equipment, like multibeam sonar, is able to provide the data which allows for unambiguous localization and also 3D visualisation of targets of different kinds, including wrecks, mines and other submerged objects. The large amount of information that seems to be useful for this purpose, could also be extracted from side-scan sonar data, which has been collected over years within different survey regions. In this context, the paper concerns the development of side-scan data processing method for 3D reconstruction of seafloor and its imaging. In this paper, two novel approaches are proposed. The first utilises the more accurate models of backscattering, including the differences in signatures of several types of objects. The second is based on definition and investigation of some quantitative descriptors of geometric features expected to be found in images of localised objects of artificial origin. The preliminary results obtained by application of these techniques to side-scan sonar data processing will be discussed in this paper.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2005, 8; 9-14
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Using single-beam observations off fish echoes from sidelobe in fish target strength estimation
    Autorzy:
    Moszynski, M.
    Hedgepeth, J. B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332246.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1999
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    Fish target estimation when using single-beam echosounder data is based on solving integral equation by inverse technique with probability density functions (PDFs) of echo envetope and heam pattern as known variabies. Typically - by setting threshold on echo level - only main-tobe observation are used due to difficulties in beam pattern PDF evaluation and signal-to-noise ratio constraints. This paper presents a method that uses side-tobe observations in the beam pattern probability density function and all collected echo peak values. These side-tobe echo observations indifferentiable when using single-beam system are combined with those from main-tobe. The smoothed Expectation Maximization metbod (EMS) is used to estimate densities and acoustic sizes of fish main-tobe with side-tobe observations.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 1999, 2; 21-26
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Light yield non-proportionality and intrinsic energy resolution of doped CsI scintillators
    Autorzy:
    Chewpraditkul, W.
    Swiderski, L.
    Moszynski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146750.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    scintillators
    doped CsI
    non-proportionality of light yield
    energy resolution
    intrinsic resolution
    Opis:
    The light yield non-proportionality and energy resolution of doped CsI scintillators have been studied for gamma-ray energies ranging from 16.6-1274.5 keV. The light yield non-proportionality of about 20% and the energy resolution of 7.6 š 0.4% for 662 keV gamma-rays have been achieved for empty set 25 mm × 25 mm CsI(Na) crystal, coupled to an XP 5200 photomultiplier tube. The intrinsic resolution of the crystals vs. energy of gamma-rays has been determined after correcting the measured resolution for photomultiplier tube statistics. The different shapes of intrinsic resolution curves observed with various samples of doped CsI are discussed.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2008, 53, 2; 51-56
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Using phase of short-term Fourier transform for evaluation of spectrogram performance
    Autorzy:
    Czarnecki, K.
    Moszyński, M.
    Chybicki, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/331696.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The concept of spectrogram performance evaluation which exploits information on phase of short-term Fourier transform (STFT) is presented. A spectrograph which is a timefrequency analyzing tool, is compared to a filter bank that demultiplexes a signal. Local group delay (LGD) and channelized instantaneous frequency (CIF) is obtained for each filtered component signal. In presented solution the performance is evaluated using so-called length of weighted average of reassignment vectors (WARV length). Orthogonal components of each reassignment vector are calculated using above mentioned parameters.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2011, 14; 23-28
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    System for bottom typing with geographical context mapping
    Autorzy:
    Moszyński, M.
    Partyka, A.
    Stepnowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332157.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1997
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The paper presents a system of bottom classification with geographical context mapping. It combines two previously developed subsystems, viz.: EchoBase - a portable dynamic Geographical Information System and Visual Bottom Typer (VBT) System. A newly developed version of the system was supplemented with interprocess communications mechanisms which allow transfer of data from one system to the other. These two software packages can run concurrently in multitasking. The MS Windows operating environment provides a mapping possibility of a classified sea bed type with an on-line geographical visualization on the nautical map. Both systems were presented separately in previous Symposiums' proceedings.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 1997, 1; 135-140
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Modelowanie odpowiedzi impulsowej dla rozpraszania wstecznego dna morskiego
    Modelling of the impulse response for backscattering from seafloor
    Autorzy:
    Łubniewski, Z.
    Moszyński, M.
    Stepnowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332215.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The modelling of surface and volume backscattering of a single-beam echosounder signals on sea fioor using impulse response approach is presented. Kirchhoff (tangent plane) approximation is used in surface scattering modelling for approximately fiat sea bottom and smal! perturbation theory is applied to describe the volume backscattering. The influence of bottom physical features as well as the system parameters (operating frequency, beamwidth) on the shape of the sea bed impulse response and echo waveform is investigated. The results have revealed the differences for particular cases of bottom and acoustic system 's parameters and they are important for validation of newly developed algorithms of echo signals processing for bottom classification.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2000, 3; 35-38
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Application of inverse filtering techniques in the sea bottom recognition
    Autorzy:
    Łubniewski, Z.
    Moszyński, M.
    Stepnowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332346.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1999
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The paper presents the newly developed approach to the sea bottom recognition and identification, which uses inverse filtering techniques to extract bottom scattering properties from a single-beam echosounder signal. Using simple physical model, the developed inverting procedure allows to remove the influence of pulse shape, beam pattern and model geometry upon the backscattered echo. 11permits to obtain the seabed impulse response which is directly related to the function describing the angular dependence of bottom reverberation coefficient. Various direct and iterative inverse methods can be applied to the mentioned problem. The results of testing the method using echoes from several bottom types are in agreement with the predictions of theoretical models. Moreover, the proposed bottom classification procedure uses simple parameters of deconvolved function and the obtained classification results are better than those of ofher bottom identification methods of normal incidence.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 1999, 2; 95-100
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Application of Shape From Shading Technique for Side Scan Sonar Images
    Autorzy:
    Bikonis, K.
    Moszynski, M.
    Lubniewski, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/258963.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
    Tematy:
    side scan sonar data processing shape from shading
    Opis:
    Digital signal processing technology has revolutionized a way of processing, visualisation and interpretation of data acquired by underwater systems. Through many years side scan sonars were one of the most widely used imaging systems in the underwater environment. Although they are relatively cheap and easy to deploy, more powerful sensors like multibeam echo sounders and sonars are widely used today and deliver 3D bathymetry of sea bottom terrain. Side scan sonar outputs data usually in a form of grey level 2D acoustic images but the analysis of such pictures performed by human eye allows creating semi-spatial impressions of seafloor relief and morphology. Hence the idea of post-processing the side scan sonar data in a manner similar to human eye to obtain 3D visualisation. In recently developing computer vision systems the shape from shading approach is well recognized technique. Applying it to side scan sonar data is challenging idea used by several authors. In the paper, some further extensions are presented. They rely on processing the backscattering information of each footprint (pixel in sonar image) along with its surroundings. Additionally, a current altitude is estimated from the size of shadow areas. Both techniques allow constructing 3D representation of sea bottom relief or other investigated underwater objects.
    Źródło:
    Polish Maritime Research; 2013, 3; 39-44
    1233-2585
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Maritime Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evaluation of RTKLIBs Positioning Accuracy Usingn low-cost GNSS Receiver and ASG-EUPOS
    Autorzy:
    Wiśniewski, B.
    Bruniecki, K.
    Moszyński, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117289.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
    Tematy:
    Differential GPS (DGPS)
    real time kinematic
    postprocessing
    Opis:
    The paper focuses on a comparison of different positioning methods provided by free and open source software (FOSS) package called RTKLIB. The RTKLIB supports real‐time and post‐processed positioning. The most important modes of operation tested by the authors are Kinematic, Static, Fixed and Precise Point Positioning (PPP). The data for evaluation were obtained from low‐cost Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver. The tested receiver was based on the u‐bloxʹs LEA‐6T GNSS module. This receiver provides different types of information including raw carrier phase measurements. It gives the possibility for centimeter‐level precision of positioning. As the supporting source of data ASG‐EUPOS system was used. ASG‐EUPOS is a Polish network of GNSS reference stations providing the real‐time corrections and post processing services for the entire territory of Poland.
    Źródło:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2013, 7, 1; 79-85
    2083-6473
    2083-6481
    Pojawia się w:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Compression algorithms for multibeam sonar records
    Autorzy:
    Chybicki, A.
    Moszyński, M.
    Poćwiardowski, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/331502.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Tematy:
    compression algorithms
    sonar records
    hydroacoustics
    Opis:
    Operational requirements of multibeam sonar systems result in very large volumes of datasets stored on local hard drives of operator's station. In this context, the process of archiving acquired data becomes a crucial problem. The paper investigates various lossy and lossless compression methods that can be applied to multibeam sonar data to reduce the size of acquired files without loosing relevant information. The specific character of MBS data allows applying various signal, image and video compression methods to achieve better results than when using standard compression tools. Various techniques of reordering the data were analyzed to achieve best possible compression ratio.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2008, 11; 55-62
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Using wavelet techniques for multibeam sonar bathymetry data compression
    Autorzy:
    Chybicki, A.
    Łubniewski, Z.
    Moszyński, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/331892.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    Multibeam sonars are widely used in applications like high resolution bathymetry measurements or underwater object imaging. One of the significant problems in multibeam sensing of the marine environment is large amount of data which must be transmitted from the sonar processing unit to an operator station using a limited bit rate channel. For instance, such a situation would be in the case when the multibeam sonar was mounted on the autonomous underwater vehicle operating on large depths and transmitting the data to the operator station using acoustic channel. In this context, the authors propose a method for multibeam sonar data size reduction. It relies on the use of wavelet decomposition technique combined with run-length and Huffman coding. The method was applied for lossy compression of raw bathymetry data which had been generated by a multibeam sonar processing unit in a form of a set of points in three-dimensional space. The performed tests revealed that without introducing the substantial distortion into the processed bathymetry data, the proposed approach allows to obtain better compression ratios than in the case of using standard lossy JPEG-like compression techniques.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2010, 13; 31-38
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Multi-frequency analysis of seabed echoes using wavelet transform
    Autorzy:
    Moszyński, M.
    Stepnowski, A.
    Łubniewski, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332256.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1999
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The methods based on analysis of boftom backscatter data from a single-beam echosounder have achieved special attention in the seabed identification problem. due to their simplicity over ofher more sophisticated acoustic techniques like side scan sonar or multibeam surveys. The majority of these methods analyses the scattering phenomena mostly in time domain (echo envelope). However, the frequency echo components carry concurrent information, which can be also used in boftom characterisation. The paper proposes the time-frequency approach to the boftom characterisation and presents the application of Wigner- Ville Distribution and wavelet transform of boftom backscatter data. The examples of continuous and discrete wavelet transforms of actual echo envelopes received at three boftom types for three different operating frequencies (38, 120 and 420 kHz) are shown. Their characteristic features are compared and parameters for classification schemes are proposed. The results of classification procedure are good with comparison with those of ofher simple acoustic methods.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 1999, 2; 85-90
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Reconstruction of 3D shape from sidescan sonar images using shape from shading technique
    Autorzy:
    Moszyński, M.
    Bikonis, K.
    Łubniewski, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332701.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    Side scan sonar (SSS) is one of the most widely used imaging systems in the underwater environment. It is relatively cheap and easy to deploy in comparison with more powerful sensors like multibeam echosounder or synthetic aperture sonar. Although, the SSS does not provide directly the seafloor bathymetry measurements. Its outputs are usually in a form of grey level acoustic images of seafloor. However, the analysis of such images performed by human eye allows creating semi-spatial impressions on seafloor relief and morphology. The 3D shape reconstruction from 2D images using SFS approach is one of classical problems in computer vision. In the paper, the method based on Shape From Shading (SFS) technique for SSS images processing is presented. The 3D seafloor relief is reconstructed using the information from both the currently processed and previous ping. The seafloor backscattering coefficient dependence on an incident angle, which is needed in the applied SFS algorithm scheme, is being estimated in the experimental way, i.e. by analysis of SSS image contents for the flat seabed region.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2013, 16; 181-188
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    VRML visualization of pelagic fish movement in the echosounder beam
    Autorzy:
    Moszyński, M.
    Bikonis, K.
    Demkowicz, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332747.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Tematy:
    VRML
    pelagic
    fish
    echosounder beam
    Opis:
    During over thirty years of development of echosounders, the acquisition software has developed different kind of charts for data visualization. In the paper the concept of creation of dynamic echograms from the data acquired in acoustical surveys is presented. As the modern split-beam echosounders allow for nonambiguous localization of targets in the water column, it is possible to visualize them in 3D coordinate system. Virtual Reality Modeling Language VRML is a popular language used in modeling of virtual reality. Using its build-in properties, it is relatively easy to visualize movement of fish treated as an object in any coordinate system. VRML despite the typical application in computer graphics is also used in other various fields. For instance in chemistry it is used for visualization of atom particles, in medicine for modeling of human organs, in astronomy for visualization of trajectories of the stars and in geography and navigation for creation of 3D maps. Hence, in this paper we describe its application in fisheries. Additionally, as the any WWW browser can be equipped with VRML plugin 3D fish visualization can be redistributed in the Internet.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2003, 6; 53-58
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The decision tree seabed type classifier operating on acoustic data
    Autorzy:
    Dung, T. V.
    Moszyński, M.
    Stepnowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332655.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    A decision tree classifier was developed for sea bottom recognition from acoustic echoes. The acoustic data was acquired by DT4000 echosounder at 200 kHz frequency. The performance of the classifying system was investigated involving various backscattered echo parameters, in particular wavelet coefficients. The results of the decision tree classification were compared with those obtained from the adaptive neuro-fuzzy system (IFNN) involving reduced number of input parameters by the use of Principal Component Analysis (PCA).
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2001, 4; 53-56
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Incremental neuro-fuzzy classifiers of seabed using wavelet decomposition
    Autorzy:
    Dung, T. V.
    Stepnowski, A.
    Moszyński, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332252.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The neuro-fuzzy classifier of seabed type from acoustic echoes was investigated in the context of possible reducing the number of input parameters. The incremental architecture of fuzzy neural network classifier (IFNN) was used in the experiment, utilising dual-frequency echo collection. In particular, the wavelet decomposition of these bottom echoes was used to generate input parameters of IFNN. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was subsequently applied for redundant parameters reduction.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2000, 3; 19-24
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Microcontroller driven miniaturized digital depth sounder
    Autorzy:
    Stepnowski, A.
    Moszyński, M.
    Postawka, I.
    Lis, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332608.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    A miniaturized autonomous digital depth. sounder was developed for automatic storing and recording of sea bottom depth, along with communication to various marine equipment, (chart plotter, GPS) using NMEA 0183 protocol. The analog part of the sounder consists of the miniature HEXFET transmitter and the one chip double opamp receiver. The digital part constitutes the PIC microcontroller, with a built-in analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and universal asynchronous transmitter (UART). Such an. architecture allows sampling and storing the echo in compressed form in PIC's RAM memory. The UART allows transmission of the data acquired by the sounder between successive pings, via the serial line. The sounder software provides bottom tracking procedure, which can be remotely set up and reconfigured by operator. The sounder design is now under commercialization in C-MAP Group in Italy.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2001, 4; 221-224
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A novel method for archiving multibeam sonar data with emphasis on efficient record size reduction and storage
    Autorzy:
    Moszynski, M.
    Chybicki, A.
    Kulawiak, M.
    Lubniewski, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260572.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
    Tematy:
    sonar
    compression
    storage
    reduction
    efficiency
    Opis:
    Over the past few years considerable advances in sonar technology, spatial positioning capabilities and computer processing power have lead to significant improvements in mapping, imaging and technologies of seafloor exploration. Recently, modern multibeam echosounder systems (MBES) capable of recording backscatter data for the whole water column, not just for the seabed, have become available thus providing data allowing for visualization and analysis of objects other than the seabed such as single fish, fish schools or pollution. Unlike bathymetric sonars, which only capture the seafloor, multibeam systems produce very large amounts of data during surveys. Because of this, storing the data collected during hydrographic or scientific cruises becomes a crucial problem. In this context, the paper proposes a new approach for efficient reduction and storage of MBES records. The results of a sample implementation of the algorithm being tested on several different sets of MBES data are also discussed.
    Źródło:
    Polish Maritime Research; 2013, 1; 77-86
    1233-2585
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Maritime Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    3D imaging software tools for multibeam sonar data
    Autorzy:
    Bikonis, K.
    Moszyński, M.
    Chybicki, A.
    Kociński, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332201.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    Nowadays, the techniques for 3D computer graphics are developing dynamically. They are finding application not only for creating computer games, but often for three-dimensional data visualization systems. Applying these techniques make graphical operations more effective and consequently these systems are more efficient. The paper presents the system for 3D seafloor visualization using multibeam sonar data. In the presented system three programming techniques for 3D graphic were used C++ OpenGL, Java3D, Java OpenGL. The problems related to the system development and the ways of its solution are presented.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2006, 9; 17-22
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Development of an open source software to transform acoustic data for classification of benthic habitats
    Autorzy:
    Sanchez-Carnero, N.
    Bernardez, C.
    Moszyński, M.
    Freire, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332576.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    Knowledge and detailed mapping of benthic habitats is a key tool for the development of strategies for coastal ecosystem management. However, existing methods are used as a “black box” where the user cannot know the equations and criteria used in the acoustic corrections, nor inspect and modify the statistical and computational protocols used too. The RMyP is developing an open protocol for marine habitat classification, from the field techniques and sampling details to large data manipulation techniques and statistical data analyses. Several echosounders will be operated from small boats, with a resulting low cost. Computing and statistical methods will be made open and free to allow for their posterior use, modification and improvement by other researchers. A fundamental point in the design of an open protocol is the independence from commercial software. Thus, a software is being built which uses the raw data from the echosounder as an input, generating energy matrixes with the corrected values (transmission loss and depth adjustment) as an output, for their further statistical analysis.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2007, 10; 169-174
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Design of the dual constellation GPS/GALILEO mobile device for improving navigation of the visually impaired in an urban area
    Autorzy:
    Drypczewski, K.
    Moszyński, M.
    Demkowicz, J.
    Bikonis, K.
    Stepnowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/258979.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
    Tematy:
    dual constellation receiver
    GPS
    Galileo
    voice maps
    navigation for the blind
    visually impaired
    personal navigation device
    PND
    Opis:
    The article discusses damages of essential tribological associations in crankshaft and piston systems of large power two-stroke engines used as main engines, which take place during transport tasks performed by those ships. Difficulties are named which make preventing those damages impossible, despite the fact that the technical state of engines of this type is identified with the aid of complex diagnostic systems making use of advanced computer technology. It is demonstrated that one of causes of the damages is the lack of research activities oriented on recognising random properties of the loads leading to those damages. A proposal is made for the loads acting at a given time t on tribological associations in crankshaft and piston systems of internal combustion engines used as main engines to be considered as random variables Qt. At the same time the loads examined within a given time interval tr ≤ t ≤ tz would be considered stochastic processes {Q(t): t ≥ 0}. Essential properties of the loads of the abovementioned tribological associations are named and explained by formulating hypotheses which need empirical verification. Interval estimation is proposed for estimating the expected value E(Qt) of the load Qt acting at time t. A relation is indicated between the mechanical load and the thermal load acting on tribological associations in the ship main engine crankshaft and piston system. A suggestion is formulated that a stochastic form of the relation between these types of load is to be searched for, rather than statistic relation, and a proposal is made to measure the intensity (strength) of the stochastic relation using the Czuprow’s convergence coefficient.
    Źródło:
    Polish Maritime Research; 2015, 4; 15-20
    1233-2585
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Maritime Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Geographic information system for remote integration of diverse under-water acoustic sensor data
    Autorzy:
    Chybicki, A.
    Kamiński, Ł.
    Lubniewski, Z.
    Bruniecki, K.
    Kulawiak, M.
    Dąbrowski, J.
    Moszyński, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332542.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Tematy:
    geographic information system (GIS)
    acoustic sensor data
    under-water acoustic
    Opis:
    Maritime and port areas throughout the world are exposed to many different hazards, like pollution, terrorism and natural disasters. Early detection, identification and preparation of appropriate response strategies is especially important in the case of semi-enclosed basins like the Baltic Sea, mainly due to the marine ecosystems' continuous absorption of pollutants including oil, heavy metals and chemicals. Many of those agents are characterised by great toxicity and cause devastation of the natural environment. The huge development in the information technology provides the means and possibilities for much faster and more efficient access to survey data, allowing their remote, nearly real-time management, processing and visualisation. Several approaches and techniques of measurements are available in marine environment monitoring. These consist of direct sampling, airborne and satellite imagery, hydrological measurements using CTD probes, remote sensing with the use of electromagnetic waves, acoustic methods based on the data acquired by multibeam systems, side-scan sonars and singlebeam echosounders.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2009, 12; 17-24
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    GEOSPAR project: Validation and selection methods of geoinformation analysis using GIS for ranking and forecasting of terrorist threats and criminal events
    Autorzy:
    Stepnowski, A.
    Moszyński, M.
    Romanowski, F.
    Augustynowicz, A.
    Kozaczka, E.
    Szubrycht, T.
    Ligęza, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332262.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Opis:
    The paper presents the description of work activities which have already been done within the first two stages – WorkPackage 1 and WorkPackage 2 - of the GeoSPAR Project. In such a context the general conceptual design of the GIS system and associate web service was presented and analysed. In addition, the operational and technical requirements for the GeoSPAR system have been specified and discussed; with special emphasis on system applications, including both the detection and monitoring of hazardous events along with their simulation and possible outcomes. In particular, the requirements and specification with reference to various sensors and data sources were formulated, these include: airborne data sources, remote sensing satellite data sources and ground-based data sources.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2013, 16; 217-230
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Characterization of some modern scintillators recommended for use on large fusion facilities in γ-ray spectroscopy and tomographic measurements of γ-emission profiles
    Autorzy:
    Sibczynski, P.
    Broslawski, A.
    Gojska, A.
    Kiptily, V.
    Korolczuk, S.
    Kwiatkowski, R.
    Mianowski, S.
    Moszyński, M.
    Rzadkiewicz, J.
    Swiderski, L.
    Szydlowski, A.
    Zychor, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146137.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    gamma spectrometry
    scintillators
    decay time
    non-proportionality
    energy resolution
    detection efficiency
    fusion plasma
    Opis:
    LaBr3:Ce,CeBr3 and GAGG:Ce scintillators were investigated and the determined characteristics were compared with those obtained for the well-known and widely used CsI:Tl and NaI:Tl crystals. All the detectors were of the same size of 10 × 10 × 5 mm3. The aim of this test study was to single out scintillation detectors most suitable for γ-ray spectrometry and γ -ray emission radial profile measurements in high-temperature plasma experiments. Decay time, energy resolution, non-proportionality and full energy peak detection efficiency were measured for γ -ray energies up to 1770 keV. Due to their good energy resolution, short decay time and high detection efficiency for MeV gamma rays, LaBr3:Ce and CeBr3 scintillators are proposed as the best candidates for use especially under conditions of high count rates, which are expected in the forthcoming DT experiments.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2017, 62, 3; 223-228
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pomiary pomontażowe urządzeń i sieci elektroenergetycznych średniego napięcia SN
    Post-assembly measurements of devices and energy network for MV power grids
    Autorzy:
    Chrzan, M.
    Moszyński, S.
    Pietruszczak, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/310356.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
    Tematy:
    pomiary pomontażowe
    przekładnik prądowy
    sieć elektroenergetyczna
    sieć średniego napięcia SN
    wyłącznik średniego napięcia SN
    post-assembly measurements
    current transformer
    power grid
    medium voltage MV power grids
    MV voltage switch
    Opis:
    W artykule przedstawiono analizę pomiarów pomontażowych urządzeń i sieci elektroenergetycznych średniego napięcia SN. Przedstawiono je na przykładach urządzeń przesyłowo-rozdzielczych występujących w różnych zakładach przemysłowo-wytwórczych w Polsce.
    The paper presents the analysis of post-assembly measurements of devices and energy network for MV power grids. They are presented on the examples of transmission and distribution devices present in various industrial and manufacturing plants in Poland.
    Źródło:
    Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2018, 19, 12; 341-349
    1509-5878
    2450-7725
    Pojawia się w:
    Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Utilization of spent iron catalyst for ammonia synthesis
    Autorzy:
    Arabczyk, W.
    Narkiewicz, U.
    Lendzion-Bieluń, Z.
    Moszyński, D.
    Pełech, I.
    Ekiert, E.
    Podsiadły, M.
    Pelka, R.
    Jędrzejewski, R.
    Moszyñska, I.
    Sibera, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/778207.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
    Tematy:
    katalizator żelazowy
    azotki żelaza
    nanorurka węglowa
    nanowłókna
    iron catalyst
    iron nitrides
    carbon nanotubes
    nanofibers
    Opis:
    Several methods of the utilization of spent iron catalyst for ammonia synthesis have been presented. The formation of iron nitrides of different stoichiometry by direct nitriding in ammonia in the range of temperatures between 350°C and 450°C has been shown. The preparation methods of carbon nanotubes and nanofibers where iron catalyst catalyse the decomposition of hydrocarbons have been described. The formation of magnetite embedded in a carbon material by direct oxidation of carburized iron catalyst has been also presented.
    Źródło:
    Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2007, 9, 3; 108-113
    1509-8117
    1899-4741
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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