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    Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12
    Tytuł:
    In the world of medieval symbols. Depiction of a shield from the fresco of St. Martin’s Church in Wichów
    W świecie średniowiecznych symboli. Wyobrażenie tarczy na fresku z kościoła pw. św. Marcina w Wichowie
    Autorzy:
    Michalak, Arkadiusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/941983.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    shield
    Late Middle Ages
    human face
    apotropaion
    tarcza
    późne średniowiecze
    ludzka twarz
    Opis:
    Już co najmniej od XIX w. w badaniach nad uzbrojeniem wykorzystywane są źródła ikonograficzne. Dzieła sztuki pozwalają nam również wniknąć w świat nieoświetlony zazwyczaj przez źródła materialne: mentalności, wiary, przesądów. Z ilustracją takiej sytuacji mamy prawdopodobnie do czynienia również w wypadku fresków w kościele p.w. św. Marcina w podżagańskim Wichowie. Malowidła z Wichowa mogły powstać na podstawie malarstwa tablicowego, lub pewniej miniaturowego. Kompozycja interesującego nas Ukrzyżowania nawiązuje do form znanych z czeskich oraz śląskich rękopisów iluminowanych z przełomu XIV i XV stulecia oraz początków wieku XV. Według poznańskiej badaczki pozwala to uznać je za dzieło miejscowej twórczości cechowej rozwijane na użytek dydaktyki w kościołach parafialnych. W niniejszym tekście interesować będzie nas przede wszystkim występująca w scenie Ukrzyżowania Chrystusa tarcza, którą dzierży wskazujący na Ukrzyżowanego dowódca jego oprawców. Na trójkątnego kształtu zabytku wyobrażono twarz brodatego mężczyzny o satyrycznie powiększonych oczach i nosie. Typologicznie tarcza mieści się w formach trójkątnych, występujących głównie w XIII i XIV w. Ich występowanie w wieku XV nie powinno jednak dziwić, gdyż były one jako tarcze funeralne używane również w tym czasie.
    Źródło:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica; 2013, 29
    0208-6034
    2449-8300
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A sword scabbard chape with a depiction of a bird of prey from the surroundings of Kostrzyn
    Autorzy:
    Michalak, Arkadiusz
    Socha, Krzysztof
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1038178.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-06-20
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    Kostrzyn
    chape
    Early Middle Ages
    Scandinavia
    Rus
    Byzantium
    Opis:
    In 2016, an Early Medieval sword scabbard chape was handed over to the Museum of Kostrzyn Fortress. According to the person submitting it, it was found about 5-6 years earlier in the northern part of Kostrzyn nad Odrą. The main decorative motif of the openwork field is a heraldically arranged bird. The closest analogies to the chape in question are dated to the second half of the 10th and 11th century. Artefacts of this type could have been produced in Scandinavia, but also in the Rus and Baltic areas. Unfortunately, we are not able to say what raw material was used to cast the artefact in question. An analysis of the metal composition of the find carried out on the surface of the artefact demonstrated that a very heterogeneous lead alloy was used, which could have also been a result of lead-bleaching. The same technology was also observed on the chapes from Ruthenia. Scholars have explained the presence of an ornithomorphic motif on the surface of the artefact in various ways
    Źródło:
    Slavia Antiqua: rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim; 2017, 58; 159-174
    0080-9993
    Pojawia się w:
    Slavia Antiqua: rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wczesnośredniowieczna broń obuchowa z terenu Polski w dorobku Andrzeja Nadolskiego z perspektywy kolejnych lat badań
    Early medieval blunt weapon from the territory of Poland in Andrzej Nadolski’s studies, from the perspective of further years of research
    Autorzy:
    Kotowicz, Piotr
    Michalak, Arkadiusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/972790.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe
    Tematy:
    wczesne średniowiecze
    archeologia
    bronioznawstwo
    broń obuchowa
    Opis:
    Andrzej Nadolski is regarded as one of the most distinguished arms and armor specialist in Europe. Studies over Polish weaponry taken just after World War II provided in 1954 a first in our continent monograph in this subject. Much contribution in this work was done in the field of knowing early medieval blunt weapon – hammer axes, battle axes and maces. Studies of early medieval arms and armor, taken by A. Nadolski, were a huge challenge, also because he included sparse information from the written, iconographic as well ethnological and linguistic sources. The main contribution of this research was however typo-chronological classification of collection of 172 hammer- and battle axes from the territory of Piast state. This system, used by Author in all of his further works, was widely accepted by many Polish archeologists, and is being employed, sometimes uncritically, until today. Due to the fact that the total number of known artefacts increase a lot (Fig. 1), and this classification cannot be developed, it seems that it is not possible to use this typology to all known materials from the territory of Poland. In the consequence of only 5 known artefacts, Author did not propose any classification for maces. From that time, known number of this kind of objects increased almost 10 times (Fig. 2), but most of them are chance finds, without any proper archeological context. Besides typo-chronological aspects, Author discussed also many other problems concerning this kind of weapon, including the presence of small holes in the axe and hammer-axe heads, their decoration, length of the shafts, distribution of particular forms. Nadolski demystify also claims of German researchers, who treated many forms of axes as so-called „Viking”, but having in fact their roots in the territory of Central Europe, and could have been produced by local blacksmiths, what was proven by metallographic examinations. Last years caused increase of interest also in the field of mace manufacturing, especially in technological context. This survey showed enormous meaning of Nadolski’s monograph for Polish arms and armour studies, and some ideas were developed also in further papers – eg. in the article concerned of symbolic destination of clubs. However, state of research caused that many aspects of blunt weapon was, for scholar from Łódź, unavailable. In case of all categories of blunt weapon a major step forward was made recently, thanks to the increase of number of known artefacts, as well as development of research in the neighboring countries. During the archaeological excavations conducted in the last 60-years, large collections of this kind of weapon were obtained, sometimes, like in the case of water finds, preserved in whole. This fact encouraged scholars for detailed specialist analysis. Due to discovering of wooden and leather cases, as well as relicts of textiles on the axe heads, some studies concerning the problem of preserving blunt weapon have been also recently taken. From today point of view crucial issue, caused by analogy of forms of some of the specimens regarded as heads of war flails and maces, is appropriate identification of artefacts. Increase of data caused also that it was possible to specify some aspects or make new hypothesis about origin and chronology of some of types of hammer axes, battle axes and maces, as well as decoration and symbolic meaning of these artefacts. It was also noted that maces were used not only in a hand to hand combat, but also as a throwing weapon. The only category of early medieval blunt weapon which was not included in any of A. Nadolski’s works, are war flails (kistens). Significant progress in case of these artefacts was made just at the beginning of 21st c. (Fig. 3). As most of the war flails were discovered in south-eastern territories of Poland, they were regarded as a result of contact with Rus mielieu, where they were most popular in the 12th-13th c. Specimens from the Piast’s state were found in important centers of ducal power and there are no proves whether they came there thanks to a trade or presence of duke’s mercenaries. The presented above review of early medieval blunt weapon clearly shows A. Nadolski’s significant contribution in specify of many of its problems. The monograph of early Polish weaponry, published in 1954, was a breakthrough work, which became, for many years, a „manual” for archeologists interested in arms and armour in Poland. However, the enlargement of number of known artefacts and increase of our knowledge about early medieval weaponry, caused that indiscriminate use of conclusions from this book is luckily impossible today. After almost 60 years since the „Studies...” was published, it is probably time for another attempt to recapitulate our knowledge in this subject.
    Źródło:
    Acta Archaeologica Lodziensia; 2013, 59; 47-62
    0065-0986
    2451-0300
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Archaeologica Lodziensia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    BODZIEC OSTROGI Z LUB NIEWIC. SŁOWIAŃSKA KUL TURA ELITARNA W ZA CHODNIEJ CZĘŚCI PAŃSTWA PIASTÓW
    THE SPUR GOAD FROM LUBNIEWICE, POLAND. SLAVIC ELITE CULTURE IN THE WESTERN PART OF THE PIAST STATE
    Autorzy:
    Michalak, Arkadiusz
    Gardeła, Leszek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1037800.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-11-12
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    Western Slavs
    Viking Age
    spurs
    Slavic mythology
    elites
    equestrian equipment
    Opis:
    This paper focuses on a copper-alloy goad discovered in 2017 in Lubniewice in Lubuskie Voivodeship, Poland. An interdisciplinary analysis has shown that the goad was originally part ofa lavishly decorated copper-alloy spur representing a type known from high-status West Slavic graves (e.g. Lutomiersk, Ciepłe) and settlement sites. Because objects of this kind are made of costly material, and because expert skills were required to produce them, it is argued that they were commissioned by a very specific group of people who used them as “material markers” of their distinct cultural and religious identity. It is not unlikely that the owners of such spurs were members of the elite retinue of the Piasts who played important roles on and off the battlefield.
    Źródło:
    Slavia Antiqua: rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim; 2020, 61; 135-161
    0080-9993
    Pojawia się w:
    Slavia Antiqua: rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Knowledge of CPR and first aid for children among pedagogy students
    Autorzy:
    Sholokhova, Daryna
    Michalak, Monika
    Wejnarski, Arkadiusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29432046.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-12
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Pomocy Doraźnej
    Tematy:
    First aid
    educator
    child
    CPR
    knowledge
    skills
    Opis:
    INTRODUCTION: At home, the parents take care of the child's safety, but when the child is in school or kindergarten, it is the educator that takes care of the child. The awareness of dangers the child is exposed to at every moment of his or her activity during the day obliges educators to have up-to-date knowledge of first aid. The marked differences in anatomy, physiology and mechanisms of life-threatening conditions make the principles of first aid differ from those of an adult. First aid courses organised for both educators and pedagogy students should focus on highlighting these differences and learning how to deal with individuals of all ages. The aim of the study is to assess the level of knowledge and practical skills among pedagogy students and to identify aspects requiring adjustments to the curriculum of future teachers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in 2022 at the Institute of Pedagogy at the University of Siedlce, Poland. Sixty-three pedagogy students participated in it. For the purpose of the study, a survey questionnaire covering the principles of first aid for children and a practical task evaluation sheet were created. Practical skills were assessed using the Resusci Junior QCPR simulator and a 0-15 point rating scale. RESULTS: The study included as many as 63 students of early childhood and pre-school pedagogy. The mean score achieved on the theory test was M=11.49 out of a possible 14 points (SD±1.24). The highest number of correct answers were given by students for the following questions: actions performed when assessing the child's breathing (n=63; 100%) and placing the child in the safe position (n=61; 96.8%). In contrast, the fewest correct answers were related to the rate of chest compressions (n=27; 42.9%). In the practical task, as many as 15 child CPR activities were considered. The average points scored by students on the practical task was M=6.73 out of a possible 15 points (SD±2.73). The average quality of compressions performed was M=28.59% (SD±30.41), breaths M=17.7% (SD±17.70) and chest compression depth was M=20.29% (SD±27.98). CONCLUSIONS: The level of theoretical knowledge and practical skills of pedagogy students is clearly insufficient to provide effective first aid to children. Significant differences were observed among students taking first aid classes onsite versus remotely. Having theoretical knowledge does not translate into practical skills. It seems that it is necessary to modify the curriculum for training future educators in first aid for children.
    Źródło:
    Critical Care Innovations; 2023, 6, 4; 23-33
    2545-2533
    Pojawia się w:
    Critical Care Innovations
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Postępowanie ratunkowe w ciężkich urazach kończyn górnych – rola lotniczego pogotowia ratunkowego w procesie terapeutycznym
    Rescue procedures in the major trauma of upper extremities – The role of the polish medical air rescue in the therapeutic process
    Autorzy:
    Gałązkowski, Robert
    Świeżewski, Stanisław P.
    Rabczenko, Daniel
    Wejnarski, Arkadiusz
    Timler, Dariusz
    Michalak, Grzegorz
    Kotela, Ireneusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2166192.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-02-18
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    urazy kończyn górnych
    amputacja urazowa
    wypadki w pracy
    replantacja
    transport lotniczy
    Lotnicze Pogotowie Ratunkowe
    upper limb injuries
    traumatic amputation
    occupational accidents
    replantation
    air ambulances
    Polish Medical Air Rescue
    Opis:
    Wstęp: Ze względu na wykorzystanie różnego rodzaju maszyn przemysłowo-rolniczych wypadki w pracy należą do najpoważniejszych i niejednokrotnie powodują u poszkodowanego trwałe kalectwo pourazowe. W Polsce od 2010 r. działa serwis replantacyjny, co oznacza, że każdego dnia 1 z 6 ośrodków pełni dyżur replantacyjny, przyjmując z terenu całego kraju zgłoszenia dotyczące amputacji kończyn. Pacjenci zakwalifikowani do replantacji często wymagają transportu do szpitala docelowego z miejsc odległych nawet o kilkaset kilometrów. Materiał i metody: Analizie poddano 174 misje śmigłowcowej służby ratownictwa medycznego (Helicopter Emergency Medical Service – HEMS) oraz 112 transportów międzyszpitalnych. Dane otrzymano w wyniku retrospektywnej analizy dokumentacji lotniczej i medycznej 23 460 misji wykonanych przez statki powietrzne Samodzielny Publiczny Zakład Opieki Zdrowotnej Lotniczego Pogotowia Ratunkowego (SP ZOZ LPR) w latach 2011–2013. Wyniki: W analizowanych latach śmigłowce SP ZOZ LPR w ramach misji HEMS zaopatrzyły na miejscu zdarzenia i przetransportowały do szpitali 135 pacjentów z amputacjami w obrębie kończyny górnej. W tym samym okresie statki powietrzne SP ZOZ LPR wykonały 102 transporty międzyszpitalne. Dziewięćdziesięciu pacjentów zostało zakwalifikowanych do leczenia w ośrodkach serwisu replantacyjnego. Średni czas transportu lotniczego wyniósł 76 min, a całkowity czas transportu – 172,3 min. Przy transporcie powyżej 300 km średni zysk czasowy w porównaniu z transportem lądowym wyniósł ok. 1,5 godz. Wnioski: W uzasadnionych przypadkach wykorzystanie śmigłowców i samolotów jest optymalnym sposobem transportu pacjentów z ciężkimi urazami kończyn górnych. Med. Pr. 2014;65(6):765–776
    Background: Due to the growing use of various types of industrial and agricultural machinery, occupational accidents are among the most serious ones and quite frequently result in the permanent posttraumatic disability of the injured person. In Poland, a replantation service has been operating since 2010. Each day, one out of six centres provides emergency replantation service accepting amputation calls from across the country. Patients qualified for replantation often need to be transported from places located even several hundred kilometres from the target hospital. Material and Methods: The analysis covered 174 Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS) missions and 112 interhospital transports. The data were obtained as a result of a retrospective analysis of the air and medical documentation of 23 460 missions carried out by the Polish Medical Air Rescue (Samodzielny Publiczny Zakład Opieki Zdrowotnej Lotnicze Pogotowie Ratunkowe – SP ZOZ LPR) aircrafts in the years 2011–2013. Results: In the period under study, the Polish Medical Air Rescue helicopters dressed 135 patients with upper extremity amputations at the scene and transported them to hospitals as part of HEMS missions. At the same time, SP ZOZ LPR aircrafts made 102 interhospital transports. Ninety patients were qualified for treatment in replantation service centres. The average air transport time was 76 min, while the total transport time was 172.3 min. With transport exceeding 300 km, the average time advantage over the ground transport was approximately 1.5 h. Conclusions: In justified cases, the use of helicopters and airplanes is an optimal method of transporting patients with the major trauma to upper extremities. Med. Pr. 2014;65(6):765–776
    Źródło:
    Medycyna Pracy; 2014, 65, 6; 765-776
    0465-5893
    2353-1339
    Pojawia się w:
    Medycyna Pracy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12

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