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Wyszukujesz frazę "Mayer, P." wg kryterium: Autor


Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 15
Tytuł:
Impact test of aged polymer coatings on steel substrate
Autorzy:
Mayer, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1189929.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
powłoki polimerowe
starzenie powłok
badania udarności
polymer coatings
aging of coatings
impact test
Opis:
Technical objects, during operation, are exposed to the destructive impact of the environment in which they are located. The need to solve this problem was the main reason for the development and use of protective coatings, which will extend the lifetime of given technical facilities. The impact tests of selected polymer coatings applied to the steel substrate, which underwent aging processes, were performed in the work. Before applying the coatings, the steel substrate was subjected to abrasive blasting using as an abrasive an electrocorund with grain granulation F30. The roughness was measured on the profilometer by the contact method, determining the arithmetic mean deviation of the roughness profile - Ra and the roughness height by 10 points - Rz. Polyurethane, polyurea and polyurea-polyurethane coatings were subjected to tests, which were exposed to UV radiation, acidic environment and variable temperatures. Biresin® U1305 and Almacoat Floor SL polyurethane coatings, after mixing the ingredients in the right proportions, were applied by hand using a brush. The Almacoat Protect C coating, in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, was sprayed with a pneumatic gun. Accelerated aging using UV radiation was carried out for 3 weeks. The samples were placed in a chamber equipped with two T8 fluorescent lamps with a capacity of 18 W and two T8 fluorescent lamps with a power of 36 W, which emitted radiation from the UV-A range with a wavelength of 350 ÷ 400 nm. Aging of coatings in a 5% NaCl solution also took place over a period of 21 days. The samples were completely immersed in the solution and stored at room temperature. On the other hand, aging at variable temperatures consisted of subjecting the coatings to alternating high (+ 60 ° C) and low (-18 ° C) temperatures for 3 cycles, one cycle being 5 changes at 1 hour at low and high temperatures. After the aging process, the coating surfaces were observed under a stereoscopic microscope and the coating thickness was determined. Depending on the type of coating and the outflow of various environmental factors, changes in impact resistance were observed. Among the coatings tested, the highest impact strength was obtained for polyurea-polyurethane coatings (Protect C). Analyzing the effect of individual factors, UV radiation had the least impact on the deterioration of the impact strength of coatings, although the changes in appearance were significant. However, the aging of polyurethane and polyurea-polyurethane coatings in the NaCl solution reduces the impact resistance twice.
Źródło:
Interdisciplinary Journal of Engineering Sciences; 2018, 6, 1; 1--5
2300-5874
Pojawia się w:
Interdisciplinary Journal of Engineering Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badania przyczepności powłok polimerowych absorbujących promieniowanie elektromagnetyczne
Adhesion tests of polymer coatings absorbing electromagnetic radiation
Autorzy:
Mayer, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/946369.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Inżynierii Materiałów Polimerowych i Barwników
Tematy:
powłoki polimerowe
badania przyczepności
absorber fal elektromagnetycznych
polymer coatings
adhesion test
electromagnetic waves absorbers
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań przyczepności powłok naniesionych na podłoże stalowe. Podłoże stalowe poddano obróbce mechanicznej, wyznaczono parametry chropowatości Ra i Rz. Przeprowadzono badania przyczepności przy użyciu przyrządu pull-off na jednowarstwowych powłokach poliuretanowych oraz polimocznikowych na podłożu po obróbce i bez obróbki mechanicznej. Wytworzono trzema sposobami powłoki wielowarstwowe z absorberem fal elektromagnetycznych, w których wyznaczono wytrzymałość na odrywanie. Scharakteryzowano rodzaj zniszczenia po próbach odrywania. W powłokach wielowarstwowych nastąpiło oderwanie kohezyjne. Większą odpornością na odrywanie charakteryzują się powłoki jednowarstwowe na podłożu po obróbce strumieniowo-ściernej niż na podłożu tylko odtłuszczonym.
The article presents the results of adhesion tests for coatings applied on a steel substrate. The steel substrate was subjected to mechanical treatment. Subsequently Ra and Rz roughness parameters were determined. Adhesion tests were carried out using a pull-off device on single-layer polyurethane and polyurea coatings on a substrate after and without mechanical treatment. Three methods were applied to manufacture the multilayer coatings with electromagnetic wave absorber, in which the pull-off strength was also determined. The type of damage after detachment tests was characterized. A cohesive failure occurred in multilayer coatings. The single-layer coatings on the surface after blasting are characterized by greater resistance to pull-off than was observed for the only degreased ones.
Źródło:
Przetwórstwo Tworzyw; 2018, T. 24, Nr 3 (183), 3 (183); 30-36
1429-0472
Pojawia się w:
Przetwórstwo Tworzyw
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena odporności na uderzenia powłok epoksydowych, poliestrowych i polietylenowych na stalowych podłożach
Evaluation of the impact resistance of epoxy, polyester and polyethylene coatings on steel substrates
Autorzy:
Mayer, P.
Pietrzak, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/278858.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Inżynierii Materiałów Polimerowych i Barwników
Tematy:
odporność na uderzenie
powierzchnia stalowa
powłoka polimerowa
powłoka epoksydowa
powłoka poliestrowa
powłoka polietylenowa
impact resistance
steel surface
polymer coating
epoxy coating
polyester coating
polyethylene coating
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań odporności na uderzenia wybranych powłok polimerowych naniesionych na powierzchnie stalowe. Wybrano trzy podłoża stalowe o różnej grubości, na które nakładane były powłoki epoksydowe, poliestrowe i polietylenowe. Przeprowadzone badania wykazały istotny wpływ rodzaju powłoki oraz jej grubości, a także grubości podłoża stalowego na odporność na uderzenia.
The article presents the results of the impact resistance of selected polymer coatings deposited on steel surfaces. Were selected three steel substrates of different thicknesses, which were applied epoxy, polyester and polyethylene. The study showed a significant effect of the type of coating and its thickness, and the thickness of the substrate steel on impact resistance.
Źródło:
Przetwórstwo Tworzyw; 2014, [R.] 20, nr 6 (162), 6 (162); 512-516
1429-0472
Pojawia się w:
Przetwórstwo Tworzyw
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Udarność kompozytowych powłok z tkaniną aramidową na podłożu stalowym
Autorzy:
Mayer, P.
Pach, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1190016.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
powłoka kompozytowa
powłoka polimerowa
podłoże stalowe
odporność na uderzenia
powłoka wielowarstwowa
composite coating
polymer coating
steel
impact resistant of coatings
multilayer coating
Opis:
The article presents the results of impact composite coatings on the thermoplastic matrix with varying amounts of aramid fabrics. To prepare composite coatings applied thermoplastic copolymer of SBS (styrenebutadiene- styrene) with a linear chain, trade name Kraton. To reinforcement selected aramid fabric (Twaron 1210 fiber), a plain weave and a weight of 175 g / m2. As the base polymer coatings used steel sheet with a thickness of 1.0 mm marked with DC01 according to EN 10027-1: 2007. It is a quality steel alloy designed for cold-rolled products. Steel substrate were washed in a solution of water and detergent, and then degreased with acetone. First step was compressed at 180 ° C for 3 minutes without load, and then three minutes with a load of 2 MPa. SBS copolymer film having a thickness of 800 μm. The films again were compressed with fabrics on steel substrate, using the same compression parameters as in the case of a single film. Obtained four reinforced with fabric layers differing in number of layers of fabric and two SBS copolymer coating with different thickness. Impact resistance test consisted of placing the sample of 100 x 100 mm in the base device, and then leaving from the height of 1 meter, a weight of 2 kg terminated spherical indenter having a diameter of 20 mm. All samples from a single impact energy of 19.62 J were subjected to microscopic analysis. The first step was to determine the number of impact, after which the steel substrate coating has been without a break. Then carried out research on coatings by measuring the amount of impact, which was interrupted after the structure of the coating and the steel substrate. As a result of the study, there was no linear relationship between the thickness of coatings and their impact resistance. A significant influence on the resulting damage after an impact is the amount of fabric coating.
Źródło:
Interdisciplinary Journal of Engineering Sciences; 2016, 4, 1; 6--10
2300-5874
Pojawia się w:
Interdisciplinary Journal of Engineering Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Calculation of soil displacements due to retaining wall construction
Autorzy:
Kudella, P.
Mayer, P. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1954560.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska
Tematy:
finite element method
soil mechanics
Opis:
With regard to serviceability state deformations, diaphragm walls and slurry walls cause considerable soil deformations during trench construction. 3-dimensional finite element analyses are able to quantify these deformations. They are compared to measurements and to the results of simplified 2-dimensional models. The dependence of soil stiffness on the actual state can be accounted for by using a hypoplastic constitutive law. Trench geometry and construction sequence are considered as factors of influence. It is shown, how the wall construction process can be modelled at the beginning of an overall 2-dimensional deformation analysis using prescribed initial deformation or stress fields.
Źródło:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk; 2000, 4, 3; 453-468
1428-6394
Pojawia się w:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wytrzymałość na odrywanie elementów hybrydowych metal-polimer wytwarzanych metodą wtryskiwania
The peel strength of hybrids metal-polymer hybrid elements produced by injection molding process
Autorzy:
Mayer, P.
Trzaska, O.
Dzięciołowska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/278469.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Inżynierii Materiałów Polimerowych i Barwników
Tematy:
kompozyt hybrydowy
złącze metal-polimer
złącze hybrydowe
żywica epoksydowa
adhezja
wtryskiwanie
wytrzymałość na odrywanie
hybrid composite
metal-polymer joint
hybrid joint
epoxy resin
adhesion
injection moulding
peel strength
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań wytrzymałości na odrywanie elementów hybrydowych typu metal-polimer wytworzonych w technologii wtryskiwania. W celu zwiększenia adhezji powierzchnie stalowe zostaly przygotowane poprzez obróbkę strumieniowo-ścierną i modyfikację chemiczną. Zastosowano również warstwy epoksydowe pomiędzy wtryskiwanym polimerem a blachami stalowymi. Zbadano wpływ różnych kompozycji epoksydowych na wytrzymałość na odrywanie połączenia metal-polimer.
In article are presented results of the peel strength tests of metal-polymer hybrid elements obtained during injection molding process. To increase adhesion the metal surfaces were prepared by abrasive blasting and chemical etching. Also epoxy layers were applied between injected thermoplastic polymer and steel plates. The influence of various epoxy compositions were investigated for peel strength of metal-polymer joints.
Źródło:
Przetwórstwo Tworzyw; 2015, T. 21, Nr 3 (165), 3 (165); 271-274
1429-0472
Pojawia się w:
Przetwórstwo Tworzyw
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Design of Honeycomb Structures Produced by Investment Casting
Autorzy:
Naplocha, K.
Dmitruk, A.
Mayer, P.
Kaczmar, J. W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382969.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
investment casting
3D printing
honeycomb design
light structure
odlewnie
drukowanie 3d
projekt plaster miodu
plaster miodu
lekkie konstrukcje
Opis:
Investment casting combined with the additive manufacturing technology enables production of the thin-walled elements, that are geometrically complex, precise and can be easy commercialized. This paper presents design of aluminium alloy honeycombs, which are characterized with light structure, internal parallel oriented channels and suitable stiffness. Based on 3D printed pattern the mould was prepared from standard ceramic material subjected subsequently to appropriate heat treatment. Into created mould cavity with intricate and susceptible structure molten AC 44200 aluminium alloy was poured under low pressure. Properly designed gating system and selected process parameters enabled to limit the shrinkage voids, porosities and misruns. Compression examination performed in two directions showed different mechanisms of cell deformation. Characteristic plateau region of stress-strain curves allowed to determine absorbed energy per unit volume, which was 485 or 402 J/mm3 depending on load direction. Elaborated technology will be applied for the production of honeycomb based elements designated for energy absorption capability.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2019, 4; 76-80
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Malaria chemoprophylaxis efficiency evaluation in patients of district outpatient department of tropical and parasitic diseases in Gdynia
Autorzy:
Kotlowski, A.
Mayer, L.
Myjak, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/839374.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Parazytologiczne
Tematy:
malaria
parasite
parasitic disease
tropical disease
Gdynia
Polska
chemoprophylaxis
health problem
Tropics,The
Źródło:
Annals of Parasitology; 1998, 44, 3
0043-5163
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Parasitology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Positron Annihilation in Cotton Cellulose
Autorzy:
Golonka, P.
Mayer, J.
Dryzek, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2024232.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
78.70.Bj
42.70.Jk
Opis:
The changes of the cotton fibre microstructure as a result of annealing at temperatures from 20ºC to 300ºC were investigated by positron lifetime spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The aim of the paper was to examine the cotton cellulose thermal degradation process.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2001, 99, 3-4; 363-367
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nanoparticle research on four gasoline cars
Autorzy:
Czerwinski, J.
Comte, P.
Mayer, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247977.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
gasoline cars
combustion engine
nanoparticles measurements (NP)
NP fluctuation
Opis:
The invisible nanoparticles (NP) from combustion processes penetrate easily into the human body through the respiratory and olfactory ways and carry numerous harmful health effects potentials. NP count concentrations are limited in EU for Diesel passenger cars since 2013 and for gasoline cars with direct injection (GDI) since 2014. The limit for GDI was temporary extended to 6 x 1012 #/km. Nuclei of metals as well as organics are suspected to significantly contribute especially to the ultrafine particle size fractions, and thus to the particle number concentration. In the present paper, some results of investigations of nanoparticles from four gasoline cars – an older one with MPI and three never with DI – are represented. The measurements were performed at vehicle tailpipe and in CVS-tunnel. The results show that the older vehicle with MPI emits high particle count concentrations. The size distributions of this vehicle are decisively bimodal with high numbers in nuclei mode. The emissions of the newer vehicles with DI show sometimes no typical uniform shape of particle size distributions and are at lower level, than for the older vehicle. There is no visible nuclei mode and the ultrafine particle concentrations below 10 nm are insignificant. Some of the newer, low-emitting vehicles show at constant speed operation a periodical fluctuation of the NPemissions. Increased NP-emissions at cold start were confirmed.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 1; 49-57
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Changes of the 2-stroke aerosol in the exhaust sampling system
Autorzy:
Czerwinski, J.
Comte, P.
Mayer, A.
Reutimann, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247914.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
scooters
two-stroke direct injection
carburettor
2-stroke aerosol
nanoparticulate emissions
Opis:
Nanoparticle emissions of two 2-stroke scooters were investigated along the exhaust- and CVS-system (Constant Volume Sampling) with closed and with open line (cone). Due to their technology, the scooters produce different kind of aerosol (state of oxidation & SOF-content) and in addition to that they were operated with and without oxidation catalyst. The scooters represent a modern technology with direct injection TSDI* ) (two stroke direct injection) and with carburettor. The tests were performed at two constant speeds of the vehicles (20 km/h & 40 km/h) according to the measuring procedures, which were established in the previous research in the Swiss Scooter Network. The nanoparticulate emissions were measured by means of SMPS (CPC) and NanoMet (abbreviations see at the end of this paper). The most important results are: - the changes of the PSD's of the aerosol along the exhaust and CVS-system are connected to the average gas temperature and PC-concentration, which result after the different dilution steps and cooling down in the connecting pipe, - in the "open" variant of exhaust gas extraction there is a dilution step with unfiltered ambient air directly after tailpipe. This causes a stop of agglomeration, reduction of diffusion loses and increased background NPconcentration. There is also lower post oxidation of CO & HC. In some cases spontaneous condensates due to the temperature drop are supposed, - with the "closed" variant there is a stronger reduction of SMPS PC's along the gas way, than with the open variant. This is to explain with the higher temperatures and concentrations in the closed system, which enable more intense thermophoresis - and diffusion losses, - the NP-concentrations measured with "open" variant are always higher, - most intense oxidation is observed with Peugeot Carb: due to the SAS, rich tuning and a relatively high temperature level there are oxidation effects already without catalyst (temp. approx. 350 centigrade). With catalyst the temperature is in the range of 400centigrade and the oxidation is so intense, that the particles are nearly eliminated. The type of sampling: "open", or "closed" as well as the sampling position in the exhaust installation have significant influence on the measured nanoparticles emission results.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 2; 109-119
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigations of nanoparticle emissions of two gasoline cars MPI & DI at stationary part load operation
Emisja nanocząstek z dwóch pojazdów wyposażonych w silniki ZI – MPI i DI w warunkach stacjonarnych przy częściowym obciążeniu
Autorzy:
Czerwiński, J.
Comte, P.
Keller, A.
Mayer, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133666.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
nanoparticles
emission standards
ambient air limits
health benefits
nanocząstki
limity emisji
normy jakości powietrza
korzyści zdrowotne
Opis:
Starting from Euro 6 not only for diesel but also for gasoline vehicles, with direct injection technology (GDI) a solid particle number emissions limit of 6 × 1011#/km becomes effective. The limit was temporary extended for GDI to 6 x 1012#/km. Nuclei of metals as well as organics are suspected to significantly contribute especially to the ultrafine particle size fractions, and thus to the particle number concentration. In the project GasOMeP (Gasoline Organic & Metal Particulates) metal-nanoparticles (including sub 20 nm) from gasoline cars are investigated for different engine technologies. In the present paper some results of basic investigations of nanoparticles from two gasoline cars – an older one with MPI and a never one with DI – are represented. The measurements were performed at vehicle tailpipe, with varying sampling conditions and with different SMPS-systems, which enabled the mobility scanning in different size ranges. The results show that the older vehicle with MPI emits high particle count concentrations. The size distributions are decisively bimodal with high numbers in nuclei mode. In this case, the particle counting below 10 nm yields important information. The emissions of the newer vehicle with DI show no typical uniform shape of particle size distributions and are at lower level, than for the older vehicle. There is no visible nuclei mode and the ultrafine particle concentrations below 10 nm are insignificant. A sampling with a strongly increased primary dilution has a clear influence on the indicated (higher) particle concentrations.
Począwszy od normy Euro 6 wprowadzone zostanie ograniczenie emisji cząstek stałych do 6 × 1011#/km nie tylko dla pojazdów wyposażonych w silniki ZS, ale także dla pojazdów z silnikami ZI z bezpośrednim wtryskiem paliwa (GDI). Dopuszczalna liczba cząstek stałych emitowanych przez pojazdy wyposażone w silniki GDI była tymczasowo zwiększona do 6 × 1012#/km. Cząstki metali, jak również substancje organiczne prawdopodobnie są powodem emisji bardzo małych cząstek stałych, przyczyniając się do zwiększenia liczby emitowanych cząstek stałych. W projekcie GasOMeP (cząstki organiczne i metalowe z silników benzynowych) badana jest emisja nanocząstek metali (również o średnicy < 20 nm) z samochodów wyposażonych w silniki benzynowe różnych generacji. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań emisji nanocząstek z dwóch samochodów wyposażonych w silniki benzynowe – starszy z wtryskiem MPI i nowszy z wtryskiem DI. Spaliny pobierano z układu wylotowego pojazdu przy różnych warunkach pomiarowych i z wykorzystaniem urządzeń do pomiaru emisji cząstek stałych o różnych zakresach pomiarowych. Wyniki badań wskazują, że stężenie cząstek stałych w spalinach starszego pojazdu z wtryskiem MPI jest duże. Rozkłady wielkości mają charakter bimodalny z dużymi wartościami w fazie nukleacji. Wtedy istotny jest pomiar liczby cząstek stałych o średnicy mniejszej niż 10 nm. Emisja z pojazdu z wtryskiem typu DI nie wykazuje typowego jednolitego kształtu rozkładu wymiarowego, również liczba cząstek stałych jest mniejsza niż z pojazdu starszego. Nie zauważono znaczącej emisji cząstek w fazie nukleacji, a stężenia cząstek najmniejszych o średnicy poniżej 10 nm są nieznaczne. Pobór próbki spalin przy zastosowaniu dużego współczynnika rozcieńczenia ma zauważalny wpływ na zwiększenie stężenia cząstek stałych.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2014, 53, 3; 3-11
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Characterisation of soil aggregate stability by ultrasonic dispersion
Autorzy:
Mentler, A.
Mayer, H.
Strauss, P.
Blum, W.E.H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24609.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
ultrasonic dispersion
soil aggregate
soil particle dispersion
aggregate stability
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2004, 18, 1
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
PN-emissions with increased lube oil consumption of GDI car with/without GPF
Autorzy:
Czerwinski, J.
Comte, P.
Güdel, M.
Kurzwart, M.
Mayer, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245468.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
PN-emissions
road transport
combustion engine
air pollution
environmental protection
normy emisji
transport drogowy
silnik spalinowy
zanieczyszczenie powietrza
ochrona środowiska
Opis:
The particle number (PN) emissions are increasingly considered in the progressing exhaust gas legislation for onand off- road vehicles. The invisible nanoparticles penetrate like a gas into the living organisms and cause several health hazards. The present paper shows how the PN- and gaseous emissions of a modern GDI (Abbreviations see at the end of this paper) vehicle change, when there is an in-creased lube oil consumption. What are the potentials of a gasoline particle filter to reduce the emissions? The lube oil consumption was simulated by mixing 2% vol. lube oil into the fuel. A non-coated GPF was mounted at tailpipe, so only the filtration effects were indicated. The tests were performed at transient (WLTC) and at stationary (SSC) operating conditions. It has been shown that the increased lube oil consumption significantly increases the PN-emissions and the applied high quality GPF eliminates these emissions very efficiently.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 1; 102-112
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigations of emissions of reactive substances NO2 and NH3 from passenger cars
Autorzy:
Czerwinski, J.
Comte, P.
Güdel, M.
Lemaire, J.
Mayer, A.
Heeb, N.
Berger, H.
Reutimann, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133799.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
exhaust emissions
reactive substances
NO2
NH3
emisje spalin
substancje reaktywne
Opis:
Public concern and complaints regarding ambient air in zones of dense traffic pertains to two compounds of nitrogen, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ammonia (NH3); both are toxic and strongly irritant, such that legal limitations are under discussion. This paper contributes to measuring methods as already in part proposed by GRPE subgroup WLTP-DTP (Worldwide Light Duty Test Procedures – Diesel Test Procedures) for NO2. Despite legally lowered NOx emission levels, lumping both, NO2 and NO, levels of NO2 have risen in cities and agglomerations as a result of both, deployed catalytic exhaust after-treatment devices and low sulphur Diesel fuels. In present tests two different combinations of NO2 measuring methods as proposed by WLTP were checked on Diesel cars for practicability in handling and accuracy. These integral, indirect methods (NO2 = NOx – NO) have been found as useful tools for estimate of NO2 and with use of appropriate analyzers a satisfactory accuracy was attained. Furthermore, attention was brought to ammonia (NH3) emitted by gasoline engines with three way catalysts (TWC) which ought not to be ignored while on the other hand SCR systems for Diesel engines are strictly regulated. Emission levels of more recent TWC turned out to be mostly below 20 ppm NH3. Vehicle of older technology exhibited significantly higher levels, about 10 times more. As chemical reactions depend on pressure and temperature (= i.e. flow condition in CVS-tunnel) as well as concentrations, doubts need to be considered on accuracy of results based on chemical reactive substances. Nevertheless, clear tendencies regarding changes of concentrations of NO2 and NH3 along the path-way could not be observed.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2016, 55, 3; 24-33
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 15

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