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Tytuł:
Optimising extended warranty policies following the two-dimensional warranty with repair time threshold
Optymalizacja polityki gwarancyjnej w okresie po wygaśnięciu dwuwymiarowej gwarancji z ustaloną górną granicą czasu naprawy
Autorzy:
Wang, L.
Pei, Z.
Zhu, H.
Liu, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/301099.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Naukowo-Techniczne Towarzystwo Eksploatacyjne PAN
Tematy:
extended warranty
repair time threshold
two-dimensional warranty
renewing warranty
przedłużona gwarancja
górna granica czasu naprawy
gwarancja dwuwymiarowa
odnowienie gwarancji
Opis:
This paper considers an optimal extended warranty policies after the expiration of base two-dimensional warranty with repair time threshold. During the base two-dimensional warranty period, each failure of the equipment can be either replaced or minimally repaired depending on a pre-specified repair time threshold. After the base warranty expires, the length of an extended warranty policy is available for selection. The equipment is minimally repaired on each failure during the extended warranty. In this study, the length of the extended warranty period is optimized by minimizing the expected cost rate incurred over the whole warranty coverage, from the views of customs and manufacturers respectively. For the purpose of illustration, we present and discuss some numerical examples. The effect of repair time threshold on the optimal strategy is also investigated numerically.
W niniejszej pracy rozważano optymalną politykę przedłużania gwarancji po wygaśnięciu podstawowej gwarancji dwuwymiarowej z ustaloną górną granicą czasu naprawy. W podstawowym okresie obowiązywania gwarancji dwuwymiarowej, po każdej awarii urządzenie zostaje poddane minimalnej naprawie, lub – jeśli naprawa nie może być wykonana we wcześniej ustalonym czasie naprawy – wymienione. Po wygaśnięciu gwarancji podstawowej, konieczne jest wybranie długości okresu obowiązywania gwarancji rozszerzonej. Podczas trwania okresu gwarancji przedłużonej, sprzęt naprawia się w sposób minimalny (naprawa minimalna) po każdorazowym uszkodzeniu. W niniejszej pracy, optymalizowano długość przedłużonego okresu gwarancyjnego poprzez minimalizację oczekiwanych kosztów poniesionych podczas całego okresu trwania gwarancji; optymalizację przeprowadzono z perspektywy klienta jak i producenta . Dla ilustracji, przedstawiono i omówiono wybrane przykłady numeryczne. Przeprowadzono także analizę numeryczną wpływu górnej granicy czasu naprawy na optymalną strategię gwarancyjną.
Źródło:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność; 2018, 20, 4; 523-530
1507-2711
Pojawia się w:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical study of stall inception in a transonic axial compressor rotor based on the throttle model
Autorzy:
Zhu, X.
Liu, B.
Hu, J.
Shen, X.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/280516.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Mechaniki Teoretycznej i Stosowanej
Tematy:
stall
axial compressor
throttle
tip clearance flow
Opis:
The goal of the current paper is to investigate inner flow behavior on stall inception in a transonic compressor rotor. The stall inception process is numerically carried out by unsteady 3-D simulations based on the throttle model. The current study shows that stall starts from the tip of the blade, and stall cell extends to the axial, circumferential and radial directions. Through the comparison of flow transition characteristics at different flow rate conditions, the interface between the incoming flow and tip clearance flow shifts forward to the upstream as the mass flow decreases. Eventually, the shock detaches from the blade leading edge, and tip clearance flow spills into the adjacent blade passage, thus stall happens in the affected blade passages.
Źródło:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; 2015, 53, 2; 307-316
1429-2955
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optopiezothermoelastic actions and micro-control sensitivity analysis of cylindrical opto-mechanical shell actuators
Oddziaływania optopiezotermosprężyste i analiza wrażliwości mikrosterowania w optomechanicznych cylindrycznych powłokowych elementach wykonawczych
Autorzy:
Tzou, H. S.
Liu, B. J.
Cseledy, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/281285.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Mechaniki Teoretycznej i Stosowanej
Tematy:
photodeformation
photovoltaic effect
converse effect
pyroelectric effect
Opis:
Opto-mechanical actuators controlled by high-energy lights represent a new class of non-contact precision actuators based on the photodeformation process. The photodeformation process involves two fundamental opto-piezo(electric)thermoelastic coupling phenomena: 1) the photovoltaic effect and 2) the converse piezoelectric effect. Irradiating high-energy lights, such as lasers or ultraviolet lights, on a certain class of photostrictive materials can trigger the photodeformation and, consequently the induced photodeformation can be used for non-contact precision actuation and control. In the process of photodeformation, the temperature induced pyroelectric effect and the thermal strain effect also affect the overall response. This paper is to evaluate the micro-actuation sensitivity and spatial effectiveness of distributed opto-mechanical shell actuators. Mathematical modeling of a circular cylinder laminated with a segmented opto-mechanical actuator patch is presented first, followed by analytical solution procedures. Various design parameters and micro-control actions, e.g., membrane control, bending control, actuator location, actuator length/size, are evaluated and their modal control sensitivities are reported. Time histories of free and controlled responses are demonstrated.
Opto-mechaniczne elementy wykonawcze sterowane wysokoenergetycznym światłem reprezentują nową klasę bezstykowych precyzyjnych aktuatorów działających przy wykorzystaniu procesu fotodeformacji. proces fotodeformacji opiera się na dwóch podstawowych zjawiskach sprzężenia opto-piezo(elektryczno)termosprężystego: 1) efektu fotowoltaicznego i 2) odwrotnego efektu piezoelektrycznego. Wysokoenergetyczne światła napromieniowujące takie, jak lasery lub ultrafiolet mogą zainicjować w pewnym typie materiałów fotostrykcyjnych proces fotodeformacji, który może być wykorzystany do bezstykowych elementów sterujących i wykonawczych o dużej precyzji. Indukowany temperaturowo efekt piroelektryczny, ujawniający się w procesie fotodeformacji oraz efekt odkształcenia termicznego wpływają na odpowiedź całego elementu. W pracy przedstawiono szacunkowe ujęcie wrażliwości mikrosterowania i efektywności przestrzennego rozkładu ciągłych opto-mechanicznych powłokowych elementów wykonawczych. W pierwszej części pracy przybliżono problem modelowania matematycznego powłoki cylindrycznej laminowanej razem z opto-mechanicznym aktuatorem. W części dalszej przedstawiono analityczne rozwiązania postawionego zagadnienia. Układ zbadano przy różnych parametrach konstrukcyjnych i oddziaływania mikrsterujących, np. przy modalnym sterowaniu drgań membranowych oraz giętnych i określono wpływ położenia aktuatorów oraz stosunku ich długości do rozmiaru układu. Zamieszczono przebiegi czasowe odpowiedzi układu bez i ze sterowaniem.
Źródło:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; 2002, 40, 3; 775-796
1429-2955
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A novel method to extract vanadium from high-grade vanadium slag: non-salt roasting and alkaline leaching
Autorzy:
Liu, B.
Meng, L.
Zheng, S.
Li, M.
Wang, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110480.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
high-grade vanadium slag
cleaner production
non-salt roasting
alkaline leaching
mechanisms
Opis:
A new method using non-salt roasting-alkaline leaching to treat vanadium slag was proposed in this study. The V(III) in vanadium slag is oxidized to V(V) by roasting and the latter can be effectively leached out as vanadate by alkaline leaching. This method possesses distinct advantage of being able to treat high-grade vanadium slag. For the South Africa high-grade vanadium slag, the maximum vanadium recovery of 98% was achieved when the reaction conditions were roasting temperature of 850 °C, roasting time of 2 h, alkali concentration of 30 wt.%, leaching temperature of 210 °C, and leaching time of 2 h. The roasting and leaching mechanisms have been well elucidated based on the XRD and SEM analysis results. The phases transitions of vanadium slag were clearly presented. This work has laid the foundation for the industrial application of non-salt roasting-alkaline leaching and provided new insights into effective extraction of high-grade vanadium slag.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2018, 54, 3; 657-667
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Design and experiments using a spiral-liquid-solid fluidized bed system
Autorzy:
Sha, J.
Liang, L.
Liu, B.
Xie, G.
Peng, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110520.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
liquid-solid fluidized bed
spiral unit
coal separation
water quantity
Opis:
Liquid-solid fluidized bed (LSFB) has been widely known and used for separation of coarse coal particles (normally larger than 0.25 mm). The process of separation by LSFB needs fluidization water from the bottom to the top of LSFB. The fluidization water is formed by the water addition at the bottom of the LSFB. Normally the quantity of water addition is very large, which increases the burden of water treatment in coal preparation processes. In this investigation, a spiral unit was introduced into the conventional LSFB and the new separation equipment was named S-LSFB. The spiral unit could provide an upward force for the upward movement of coarse low density coals into the concentrate, and hence the quantity of water addition for fluidization water may be reduced. Samples of 0.5-0.25 mm size fraction coal were used to investigate the difference in separation performance between S-LSFB and LSFB. It was found that the separation performance of S-LSFB was nearly equal to that of LSFB. S-LSFB may be beneficial to coarse coal separation in coal preparation plant since the burden of water treatment can be reduced by the application of S-LSFB.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2015, 51, 2; 427-434
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Simultaneous extraction of vanadium and chromium from vanadium slag using low-pressure liquid phase oxidation method
Autorzy:
Xia, J.-P.
Zheng, S.-L.
Wang, S.-N.
Liu, B.
Zou, X.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110818.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
vanadium slag
low pressure leaching
liquid phase oxidation
kinetics
Opis:
A low-pressure liquid oxidation method was proposed and proven to be effective to extract vanadium and chromium simultaneously from the vanadium slag in concentrated NaOH aqueous solutions. The effect of temperature, NaOH mass concentration, liquid-to-solid mass ratio, stirring speed and pressure on the extraction of vanadium and chromium in NaOH aqueous solutions were systematically investigated. Under the optimal reaction conditions (temperature of 473 K, liquid-to-solid mass ratio of 6:1, stirring speed of 700 rpm, NaOH mass concentration of 50%, pressure of 1 MPa and reaction time of 180 min), the vanadium and chromium recovery reached 95% and 90%, respectively. It was found that the reaction temperature and NaOH concentration were important factors for the extraction of vanadium and chromium. The kinetics of the decomposition of vanadium slag in concentrated NaOH aqueous under low pressure was analyzed using the shrinking core model, and the results indicated that the extraction of vanadium and chromium were both governed by the internal diffusion step, with apparent activation energies calculated to be 26.22 and 32.79 kJ/mol, respectively.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2018, 54, 2; 609-619
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ship recognition and tracking system for intelligent ship based on deep learning framework
Autorzy:
Liu, B.
Wang, S. Z.
Xie, Z. X.
Zhao, J. S.
Li, M. F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117419.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
intelligent ship
deep learning framework
ship recognition system
ship tracking system
ship recognition and tracking system
intelligent navigation
autonomous ship
maritime safety
Opis:
Automatically recognizing and tracking dynamic targets on the sea is an important task for intelligent navigation, which is the prerequisite and foundation of the realization of autonomous ships. Nowadays, the radar is a typical perception system which is used to detect targets, but the radar echo cannot depict the target’s shape and appearance, which affects the decision-making ability of the ship collision avoidance. Therefore, visual perception system based on camera video is very useful for further supporting the autonomous ship navigational system. However, ship’s recognition and tracking has been a challenge task in the navigational application field due to the long distance detection and the ship itself motion. An effective and stable approach is required to resolve this problem. In this paper, a novel ship recognition and tracking system is proposed by using the deep learning framework. In this framework, the deep residual network and cross-layer jump connection policy are employed to extract the advanced ship features which help enhance the classification accuracy, thus improves the performance of the object recognition. Experimentally, the superiority of the proposed ship recognition and tracking system was confirmed by comparing it with state of-the-art algorithms on a large number of ship video datasets.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2019, 13, 4; 699-705
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ethnobotany of Acorus in China
Autorzy:
Shu, H.
Zhang, S.
Lei, Q.
Zhou, J.
Ji, Y.
Luo, B.
Hong, L.
Li, F.
Liu, B.
Long, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/59160.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
Opis:
In China, species in the genus Acorus are used for many different purposes, viz., in traditional medicine, for rituals, and as ornamental plants. Acorus calamus (sweet flag) has been a symbolic plant in Chinese culture for many centuries and is used as a ceremonial object in festivals throughout the country. For other Acorus species in China, ethnobotanical records are few. During field investigations from 2006 to 2017, we interviewed 573 individuals representing ethnic groups such as the Miao, Yao, Buyi, Shui, Tujia, Dong, She, Maonan, Zhuang, Yi, and Han people. Various ethnobotanical approaches were adopted in the field surveys, including key informant interviews, semistructured interviews, participatory observation, direct observation, etc. The results have revealed a rich treasure trove of traditional knowledge on Acorus in China. Two species (A. macrospadiceus and A. gramineus) were used by ethnic groups as spices to add flavor to meat. Through the study found that all the species of Acorus had medicinal value, especially A. tatarinowii, deafness, blindness, and digestive disorders were among the conditions commonly treated using these plants. Traditional knowledge of the cultural, ethnomedicinal, and food values of Acorus, based on our recent literature surveys and field investigations in China is presented here. A better understanding of Acorus is vital for conserving the plants and the traditional knowledge associated with them.
Źródło:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2018, 87, 2
0001-6977
2083-9480
Pojawia się w:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimental Study of the Explosion of Aluminized Explosives in Air
Autorzy:
Chen, Y.
Xu, S.
Wu, D. J.
Liu, D. B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358676.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
explosion in air
aluminized explosives
boron powders
TNT equivalence
fireballs
Opis:
Piezoelectric gauges were used to measure the shock wave overpressure of aluminized explosives and of a TNT charge. An infrared thermal-imaging spectrometer was used to collect the infrared signatures produced by the explosion fireball when the examined explosives were detonated. The measurement of the infrared signatures was used to estimate the surface temperatures and the dimensions of the fireball. Two aluminized explosive compositions (RDX/Al/AP and RDX/Al/B/AP) have been analyzed. 500 g charges of the aluminized explosives were prepared and studied, and their TNT equivalences were calculated according to the experimental data and the explosion law. The highest surface temperatures of the fireballs of these aluminized explosives were up to 1600 °C, which was higher than that of the TNT charge. In the region of the highest surface temperature above 700 °C, the duration for the composition RDX/Al/AP was about 232 ms (2.73 times more than TNT), whilst RDX/Al/B/AP was about 360 ms. The fireballs obtained from the explosion of these aluminized explosives had larger dimensions than that of TNT, especially when the surface temperature was above 1000 °C. The test results indicate that the addition of boron powders to aluminized explosives is a good way to enhance their blast effect, to improve the temperature of the explosion field and to prolong the duration of the higher temperature.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2016, 13, 1; 117-134
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On the topological properties of the certain neural networks
Autorzy:
Liu, J.-B.
Zhao, J.
Wang, S.
Javaid, M.
Cao, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91804.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Społeczna Akademia Nauk w Łodzi. Polskie Towarzystwo Sieci Neuronowych
Tematy:
neural network
topological indices
graph theory
Opis:
A topological index is a numeric quantity associated with a network or a graph that characterizes its whole structural properties. In [Javaid and Cao, Neural Computing and Applications, DOI 10.1007/s00521-017-2972-1], the various degree-based topological indices for the probabilistic neural networks are studied. We extend this study by considering the calculations of the other topological indices, and derive the analytical closed formulas for these new topological indices of the probabilistic neural network. Moreover, a comparative study using computer-based graphs has been carried out first time to clarify the nature of the computed topological descriptors for the probabilistic neural networks. Our results extend some known conclusions.
Źródło:
Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research; 2018, 8, 4; 257-268
2083-2567
2449-6499
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Bending, Impact Fracture Behavior and Characteristics of Stainless Steel Clad Plates with Different Rolling Temperature
Autorzy:
An, Q.
Fan, K. Y.
Ge, Y. F.
Liu, B. X.
He, J.
Wang, S.
Chen, C. X.
Ji, P. G.
Tolochko, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2049433.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
stainless steel clad plate
interface characteristics
bending behavior
impact morphologies
delamination crack
Opis:
The interface characteristics, bending and impact behavior, as well as fracture characteristics of stainless steel clad plates fabricated by vacuum hot rolling at different rolling temperatures of 1100°C, 1200°C and 1300°C are investigated in detail. The interface bonding strength is gradually increased with the increasing rolling temperature due to the sufficient diffusion behavior of alloy element. The bending toughness and impact toughness are gradually decreased, while the bending strength increase with the increase of the rolling temperature, which is attributed to mechanisms of matrix softening and interface strengthening at high rolling temperature. Due to the weak interface at 1100°C, the bending and impact crack propagation path was displaced by delamination cracks, which in turn lead to reduction in stress intensity of the main crack, playing an effective role in toughening the stainless steel clad plates. Moreover, the impact fracture morphologies of clad plates show a typical ductile-brittle transition phenomenon, which is attributed to the matrix softening behavior with the increasing rolling temperature.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2021, 66, 1; 229-239
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The INSIDE Project: Innovative Solutions for In-Beam Dosimetry in Hadrontherapy
Autorzy:
Marafini, M.
Attili, A.
Battistoni, G.
Belcari, N.
Bisogni, M.
Camarlinghi, N.
Cappucci, F.
Cecchetti, M.
Cerello, P.
Ciciriello, F.
Cirrone, G.
Coli, S.
Corsi, F.
Cuttone, G.
De Lucia, E.
Ferretti, S.
Faccini, R.
Fiorina, E.
Frallicciardi, P.
Giraudo, G.
Kostara, E.
Kraan, A.
Licciulli, F.
Liu, B.
Marino, N.
Marzocca, C.
Matarrese, G.
Morone, C.
Morrocchi, M.
Muraro, S.
Patera, V.
Pennazio, F.
Peroni, C.
Piersanti, L.
Piliero, M.
Pirrone, G.
Rivetti, A.
Romano, F.
Rosso, V.
Sala, P.
Sarti, A.
Sciubba, A.
Sportelli, G.
Voena, C.
Wheadon, R.
Del Guerra, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1402609.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-05
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
87.53.Bn
87.53.Jw
87.53.Kn
87.55.N-
87.55.ne
87.57.uq
Opis:
The INSIDE project addresses the online dose monitoring in particle therapy issue. The proposed detectors exploit the secondary neutral and charged particles emitted during the treatment by the irradiated volumes. The new detection techniques allow to return and online a measurement of the released dose and the Bragg peak position.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2015, 127, 5; 1465-1467
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Study of Monitoring Performances with the INSIDE System
Autorzy:
Pennazio, F.
Attili, A.
Battistoni, G.
Belcari, N.
Bisogni, M.
Camarlinghi, N.
Cappucci, F.
Cecchetti, M.
Cerello, P.
Ciciriello, F.
Cirrone, G.
Coli, S.
Corsi, F.
Cuttone, G.
De Lucia, E.
Ferretti, S.
Faccini, R.
Fiorina, E.
Frallicciardi, P.
Giraudo, G.
Kostara, E.
Kraan, A.
Licciulli, F.
Liu, B.
Marafini, M.
Marino, N.
Marzocca, C.
Matarrese, G.
Morone, C.
Morrocchi, M.
Muraro, S.
Patera, V.
Peroni, C.
Piersanti, L.
Piliero, M.
Pirrone, G.
Rivetti, A.
Romano, F.
Rosso, V.
Sala, P.
Sarti, A.
Sciubba, A.
Sportelli, G.
Voena, C.
Wheadon, R.
Del Guerra, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1402611.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-05
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
87.53.Bn
87.53.Jw
87.53.Kn
87.55.N-
87.55.ne
87.57.uq
Opis:
The INSIDE collaboration aims to build an on-line hadrontherapy monitoring system, based on a dual-head in-beam PET scanner and a secondary charged particles profiler. In this work preliminary experimental results are presented. The validation of the FLUKA-based Monte Carlo simulation tool is shown together with the expected scanner performances.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2015, 127, 5; 1468-1470
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Primary Evaluation of the Economic Losses Caused by Water Pollution in Shanghai by Classification Approach
Autorzy:
Xu, B.
Liu, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/204933.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
zanieczyszczenia wody
Szanghaj
primary evaluation
water pollution losses
Shanghai
classification approach
Opis:
The primary evaluation of the economic losses caused by water pollution in Shanghai in the year 2009 is made by classifi cation approach in order to provide basis for decision of the relative water management policy. The result shows that the portion of water pollution losses in GDP of Shanghai was 2.7%, which was still lower than the average level of whole China despite of the local high population density and the scale of industry, suggesting to some extent the continuous attention in water protection paid by Shanghai government.
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2013, 39, 1; 67-74
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fabrication, Structural Characterization and Optical Properties of the Flower-Like ZnO Nanowires
Autorzy:
Feng, L.
Liu, A.
Ma, Y.
Liu, M.
Man, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1538755.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010-03
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
81.07.Bc
81.05.Dz
81.10.Aj
Opis:
Multipod flower-like zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires have been successfully synthesized on Si(111) substrates using a pulsed laser deposition prepared Zn film as "self-catalyst" by the simple thermal evaporation oxidation of the metallic zinc powder at 850°C without any other catalysts or additives. The pre-deposited Zn films by pulsed laser deposition on the substrates can promote the formation of the ZnO nuclei effectively. Also it can further advance the growth of the flower-like ZnO nanowires accordingly. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, and photoluminescence were used to analyze the structure, morphology, composition and optical properties of the as-synthesized products. The results demonstrate that the nanowires were single crystalline with hexagonal wurzite structure, grown along the [0001] in the c-axis direction. Room temperature photoluminescence spectrum of the ZnO nanowires shows a nearband-edge ultraviolet emission (peak at ≈ 384 nm) and a deep-level green emission (peak at ≈ 513 nm). In addition, the growth mechanism of the flower-like ZnO nanowires is discussed in detail.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2010, 117, 3; 512-517
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 80

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