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Tytuł:
Słów kilka o morale i dyscyplinie w komandach w czasie wojny burskiej, październik 1899–maj 1902
Autorzy:
Leśniewski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/640471.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
historia Południowej Afryki, wojna angielsko-burska, partyzancka faza wojny, morale burskich wojsk
Opis:
A few words on morale and discipline in Boer commandos during the Anglo-Boer War, October 1899 – May 1902One of the key factors during any war is the morale and discipline of the troops. Those two issues are closely interconnected. The same applies to the Anglo-Boer War. The case of the Boer forces, which were composed of irregular militiamen, is especially interesting. The latter did not know the European-style discipline. This was a problem during the regular phase of the war, but paradoxically it was less of a problem in the guerilla phase of war. In fact the high morale was an effect of self imposed discipline, which in turn was an effect of the high morale. The present text constitutes an endeavor to study the correlation between morale and discipline in Boer commandos; its goal is also to shed light on the issue of how the two had influenced one another.
Źródło:
Prace Historyczne; 2014, 141, 4
0083-4351
Pojawia się w:
Prace Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Recenzja dwóch książek o powstaniu państwa Zulusów i innych państw w Afryce Południowo-Wschodniej. Elisabeth A. Eldredge, The Creation of the Zulu Kingdom, 1815-1828, Cambridge 2014, ss. 419; idem, Kingdoms and Chiefdoms of Southeastern Africa. Oral Traditions and History, 1400-1830, Rochester, NY 2015, ss. 450.
Review of two Books About the Rise of the Zulu and Other States in South-East Africa. Elisabeth A. Eldredge, The Creation of the Zulu Kingdom, 1815-1828, Cambridge 2014, ss. 419; idem, Kingdoms and Chiefdoms of Southeastern Africa. Oral Traditions and History, 1400-1830, Rochester, NY 2015, ss. 450.
Autorzy:
Leśniewski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/522736.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Katedra Języków i Kultur Afryki. Polskie Towarzystwo Afrykanistyczne
Tematy:
Zulu state
South-East Africa
kingdoms
chieftainship
oral tradition
history
Opis:
In the space of just a few months, two books by Elisabeth A. Eldredge, a renowned specialist in pre-colonial and early colonial history of southern Africa, were published. Both books, although separate, were evidently written concurrently or in a very short span of time. Their subjects are similar enough do one review of both of them. They deal with very similar topics, although approached from two different angles. Both finally are examples of the changes which took place in last thirty years in South African historiography, especially in relation to the history of the Zulu, South-Eastern Africa and state traditions among South African indigenous populations.
Źródło:
Afryka; 2017, 45; 144-152
1234-0278
Pojawia się w:
Afryka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kolejna (nie)biografia Czaki. Recenzja książki Johna Labanda The Assassination of King Shaka. Zulu History’s Dramatic Moment, Johannesburg, Cape Town 2017
Another (non) Biography of Shaka. Review of book by John Laband The Assassination of King Shaka. Zulu History’s Dramatic Moment, Johannesburg, Cape Town 2017
Autorzy:
Leśniewski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/522808.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Katedra Języków i Kultur Afryki. Polskie Towarzystwo Afrykanistyczne
Źródło:
Afryka; 2019, 50; 141-146
1234-0278
Pojawia się w:
Afryka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Afryka w strategii europejskiej równowagi i bezpieczeństwa u schyłku XIX wieku
Africa in the European security and a balance of power policy at the end of 19th century
Autorzy:
Leśniewski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/566668.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie. Instytut Nauk Politycznych
Tematy:
historia
XIX wiek
historia świata
historia Europy
historia Afryki
kolonializm
równowaga sił
bezpieczeństwo
history
19th century
world history
European history
African history
colonialism
balance of power
security
Opis:
During the last two decades of the 19th century Africa played crucial role in European policy of Balance of Power. It was also an important factor in up keeping tranquillity in Europe. The Scramble for Africa gave the European powers a chance of realizing their imperial ambitions without a risk of pan-European conflict. Therefore during 1880s Germany supported French colonial ambitions, hoping that France would abandon the revenge against Germany. Even weaker states, as Belgium or Italy, could realize there their ambitions. That was a case at least until the end of the 19th century. In a way it was a similar situation as with the proxy wars of 1960s. At the same time, thanks to the technological advances, the expansion in Africa was a cheap kind of imperialism. It allowed European powers and states to realize their ambitions without great financial and human costs.
Źródło:
Forum Politologiczne; 2014, 16 - Konteksty bezpieczeństwa w Afryce. Problemy globalne, sektorowe, regionalne, lokalne; 17-36
1734-1698
Pojawia się w:
Forum Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Trudy życia w komandach w partyzanckim okresie wojny burskiej, lipec 1900 - maj 1902
The hardships of the life on commando during the guerrilla phase of the Boer War, July 1900 - May 1902
Autorzy:
Leśniewski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/566940.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie. Instytut Nauk Politycznych
Tematy:
Boer War
Commando
British strategy
Guerrillas
Opis:
When we read histories of the military conflicts only too seldom we may find descriptions of the everyday lives of the ordinary soldiers. Historians too often tend to forget that a circumstances of everyday life do determine their attitudes, their behavior under the fire, the will to fight and their determination, which are crucial elements of the final outcome of the war. It is even more in the case of such armies as the military forces of the Boer Republics during the South African war of the 1899- 1902. Those were mostly irregular forces which, due to a lack of a formal and regular military drill, were much less disciplined than regular forces, and their moods were usually much stronger influenced by changing turns of war and circumstances of everyday life. During the irregular phase of war the Boer forces (still numbering c. 30.000) were faced with completely new problems. They lost organized supply base, but they still had ambitious war-plans, to attack main economic centres and supply lines of the republics controlled then by the British, to destroy them and force Britain to negotiate a truce. At the same time they were faced with new British military strategy of destroying potential supplies for the guerrillas. The scotched earth policy, sweeps by the flying columns and concentration camps had all its effect on commandos ability to fight. Scorched earth meant that whole townlets and villages were destroyed, and herds of cattle and sheep butchered, just for the sake of limiting supplies for the guerrillas. British strategy limited it to such an extent, that there were just few options of resupplying Bore forces. One of the main was using British supplies, through robbery and looting. In effect it is true, to some extent, that at the end of the war the United Kingdom was supplying both armies: British and Boer. Still the hardships were rising with every season in the field. The scorched earth policy took its toll. It was, for Boers, more and more difficult to acquire food and shelter. Supplies run thin and commandos lacked everything. At the end of the war a third of them had no horses. What's more they had no choice but to take care of more than 12.000 women and children, who were stranded on the Veld. Therefore we may argue that the hardships of life on commando during the guerrilla phase of war, were eventually the main reason for surrender of Boer forces in May 1902. The prospects of prolonging the war were grim, and with the time it was for the Boer commandos, more and more the fight for everyday survival without hope for victory. And therefore even the most determined fighters were forced to accept the fact that they could not fight much longer.
Źródło:
Forum Politologiczne; 2011, 12 - Problemy bogactwa i biedy we współczesnej Afryce; 541-559
1734-1698
Pojawia się w:
Forum Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Transwal, 1881-1899. Czy regionalne mocarstwo?
Transvaal, 1881-1899. Was it a regional power?
Autorzy:
Leśniewski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/567142.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie. Instytut Nauk Politycznych
Tematy:
Transvaal
South African Republic
Kruger administration
Opis:
This text is a short introduction to above asked question. Was the South African Republic of 1881-1899 a regional power? The answer is not easy. From one side Transvaal had minuscule white population, especially by European standards. Still, was able to mobilize quite significant military force, larger than any polity in that area. What's more important, since the discovery of the gold, its financial resources were enormous. It became an economic centre of this region. Therefore at least potentially it was a regional power. But was this potential realized? The author runs throughout the history of the Transvaal of that time, to present political and diplomatic activities of the South African Republic, to show changes in situation and in diplomatic objectives. He asks the question if the Transvaal before 1877 was a state by European standards. Then shortly shows the influence of British Annexation of 1877-1881. Then he presents several events taking place from 1881 to 1896. He especially concentrates on the period of 1881-1886 and deals with historical stereotypes concerning those event. The author analyses Transvaal policy to find, what was the main goal of Kruger administration. And finally he asks the question embedded in the topic.
Źródło:
Forum Politologiczne; 2012, 13 - "Stare" i "nowe" mocarstwa w Afryce - stygmaty kulturowe, religijne, polityczne, ekonomiczne i społeczne; 467-495
1734-1698
Pojawia się w:
Forum Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dlaczego król Zulusów Dingaan zdecydował się na zabójstwo Pieta Retiefa i jego towarzyszy?
Why did the Zulu King Dingaan Decide to Murder Piet Retief and his Companions?
Autorzy:
Leśniewski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/522626.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Katedra Języków i Kultur Afryki. Polskie Towarzystwo Afrykanistyczne
Tematy:
Zulu King Dingaan
Piet Retief
the motives of the murder
Zulu-Boer confrontation
Opis:
The decision of the Zulu King Dingaan to kill Piet Retief is the topic of many debates, starting from the very moment when it happened. This text is a voice in the debate. It tries to decide when Dingaan took this decision, what were his motives and to what extent the actions of Piet Retief influenced Dingaan. It also deals, at least to some extent, with the question of the inevitability of Zulu-Boer confrontation in 1838.
Źródło:
Afryka; 2014, 40; 111-126
1234-0278
Pojawia się w:
Afryka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Republika Natalii – państwo czy jego zapowiedź? Rozważania nad wczesnymi formami państwowymi wśród Burow w Natalu w latach 1838–1842
The Natalia Republic – A State or a Declaration? Reflections on the Early Forms of State Amongst the Boers in Natal in the Years 1838–1842
Autorzy:
Leśniewski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/522722.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Katedra Języków i Kultur Afryki. Polskie Towarzystwo Afrykanistyczne
Tematy:
Africa
History
South Africa
a History of South Africa
KwaZulu-Natal
a History of KwaZulu-Natal
Republic of Natalia
Opis:
Was the Boer Republic of Natalia a state? The article discusses the question of whether the Natalia Republic was a state. Through the presentation of its history, its institutions and mechanisms of functioning, the author tries to present the character of this polity. He shows that in this case, one may observe the coexistence of institutions typical of the modern state and pre-state polities. This leads him to the conclusion that the Republic of Natalia was an unfinished project, and idea of a state, but not a state in the true sense of the word.
Źródło:
Afryka; 2016, 44; 130-152
1234-0278
Pojawia się w:
Afryka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Tolkien i wikingowie. Czyli o związkach J. R. R. Tolkiena z wiktoriańską literaturą na temat Północy
Tolkien and the Vikings. On J. R. R. Tolkien and Victorian Literature About The North
Autorzy:
Leśniewski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/520042.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Ośrodek Badawczy Facta Ficta
Tematy:
Norman
Vikings’ time
Norse mythology
John Ronald Reuel Tolkien
Victorian aesthetics
Opis:
There is no doubt that Norman stories and myths were an important inspiration for John R. R. Tolkien who repeatedly stressed their significance for shaping his works and literary imagination. In the article Tolkien and the Vikings. On J. R. R. Tolkien and Victorian Literature About The North, Leśniewski analyses the influence of Norse mythology, Victorian literature and history on Tolkienian writings. Tolkien’s belief that we can access and reconstruct history through languages had its source in the nineteenth century when scientists were convinced that it is possible to recreate extinct languages and mythologies. Thus they often created new epic poems on the basis of folk tales and ballads. Tolkien often expressed his regret that England has lost its mythological traditions. He seemed to have dreamt of giving England its own mythology. Tolkien drew inspiration from Victorian writers and scientists, but he also went far beyond Victorian tradition. His works are eclectic and syncretic, bringing together many different traditions—and, thus, appealing to a much wider audience.
Źródło:
Creatio Fantastica; 2017, 2(57); 25-46
2300-2514
Pojawia się w:
Creatio Fantastica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Oorlam, czyli słów kilka o wymianie kulturowej w południowoafrykańskim interiorze na przełomie XVII i XIX wieku
Oorlam or a few words on a cultural exchanges in the South African interior during the turn of 18th and 19th century
Autorzy:
Leśniewski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1186896.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie. Instytut Nauk Politycznych
Tematy:
Południowa Afryka
Namibia
historia
XVIII i XIX wiek
wymiana kulturowa
Afrykanie
ludzie Oorlam
South Africa
history
18th and 19th century
cultural exchanges
Africans
Oorlam people
Opis:
During the second half of the 18th century and the first three decades of the 19th century, we may observe an intensive process of cultural exchange between frontier farmers (trekboers) and local populations (mostly Khoisan). There emerge new kind of community – Oorlams: Africans and peoples of mixed origin who adopted many traces of colonial material, intellectual and spiritual culture. They were essential in spreading those elements of colonial culture (horses, firearms, commando system, cloths, proto-Afrikaans) into an interior, which were in turn adopted by other African groups.
Źródło:
Forum Politologiczne; 2015, 18 - Komunikowanie w Afryce. Endo- i egzogeniczne aspekty. Etniczność – kultura – religia; 69-89
1734-1698
Pojawia się w:
Forum Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 34

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