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    Tytuł:
    Comparison of thermal, structural and morphological properties of poly(l-lactide) and poly(l-lactide)/ hydroxyapatite microspheres for laser sintering processes
    Porównanie właściwości termicznych, strukturalnych oraz morfologii mikrosfer z poli(l-laktydu) i z poli(l-laktydu)/hydroksyapatytu przeznaczonych do procesu spiekania laserowego
    Autorzy:
    Krokos, Anna
    Gazińska, Małgorzata
    Kryszak, Bartłomiej
    Dzienny, Paulina
    Stępak, Bogusz
    Olejarczyk, Michał
    Gruber, Piotr
    Kwiatkowski, Ryszard
    Bondyra, Agnieszka
    Antończak, Arkadiusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/947382.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Chemii Przemysłowej
    Tematy:
    poly(l-lactide)
    hydroxyapatite
    microspheres
    biocomposite
    laser sintering
    additive manufacturing
    biomedical applications
    sintering window
    powder flowability
    poli(l-laktyd)
    hydroksyapatyt
    mikrosfery
    biokompozyt
    spiekanie laserowe
    techniki addytywne
    zastosowania biomedyczne
    okno spiekania
    sypkość proszku
    Opis:
    A comparison of poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) and poly(l-lactide)/hydroxyapatite (PLLA/HAp) biocomposite microspheres fabricated by emulsion solvent evaporation technique designed for laser sintering (LS) applications is presented. Key properties such as thermal and structural as well as geometry, size distribution and powder flowability, which are crucial for this technique, are characterized to validate the applicability of microspheres for LS. The biocomposite microspheres turns out to be more suitable for the LS process than PLLA due to the higher thermal stability, broader sintering window and higher powder flowability.
    Porównano właściwości mikrosfer z poli(l-laktydu) (PLLA) i z biokompozytu poli(l-laktyd)/ hydroksyapatyt (PLLA/HAp), przygotowanych metodą emulsyjną z odparowaniem rozpuszczalnika, przeznaczonych do procesu spiekania laserowego (LS). W celu weryfikacji przydatności mikrosfer do LS scharakteryzowano kluczowe dla tej techniki właściwości: termiczne i strukturalne oraz geometrię, rozkład wymiarów i sypkość proszku. Wykazano, iż mikrosfery biokompozytowe wykazują lepsze właściwości predestynujące je do przetwarzania metodą LS niż mikrosfery PLLA, w tym większą stabilność termiczną, szersze okno parametrów spiekania i większą sypkość proszku.
    Źródło:
    Polimery; 2020, 65, 9; 605-612
    0032-2725
    Pojawia się w:
    Polimery
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ rozpadu drzewostanów w wyniku gradacji kornika drukarza (Ips typographus) na zagrożenie pożarowe Puszczy Białowieskiej
    Impact of forest stands dieback as a result of bark beetle (Ips typographus) outbreak on the fire risk in the Białowieża Forest
    Autorzy:
    Szczygieł, Ryszard
    Kwiatkowski, Mirosław
    Tyburski, Łukasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/18055683.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    bezpieczeństwo
    biomasa
    las naturalny
    materiał palny
    martwe drewno
    pożar lasu
    safety
    biomass
    natural forest
    flammable material
    dead wood
    forest fire
    Opis:
    Białowieża Forest, due to its unique character, requires a specific approach to the management of this area, including fire risk assessment. This is particularly important with regard to the recent bark beetle (Ips typographus) outbreak, which has contributed to the local dieback of Norway spruce stands on a total area of approx. 11.5 thousand hectares during the 2012-2022 period. The article presents the most important results of the implemented projects related to the fire protection of the Białowieża Forest. The analysis of potential fire hazard should take into account both dead wood and the impact of tree stand dieback, which resulted in the emergence of grasses as the dominant plant cover that poses a high risk not only for the possibility of fire, but also for its rapid spread. During 2012-2022 fuelload of the studied areas increased almost sevenfold compared to 2011 (15.8 t/ha), reaching an average maximum value of 108.9 t/ha in 2017. However, the progressive decomposition of dead wood and the decreasing amount of fine combustible material (fire-active biomass) caused that the fire risk in turn gradually decreased. After a period of about 10 years after the stand dieback, the fire risk caused by the dead wood left behind has reached a minimum level and the possibility of initiating the burning of such material was significantly reduced. Despite the decreasing fire hazard from dead wood, the fire risk will remain high for many years due to the presence of grass cover, especially during periods when it dries out. The analysis of the fire risk in the Białowieża Forest caused by the spruce bark beetle outbreak formed the basis for the development of the "Fire Protection and Forest Fire Fighting Plan for the Polish Part of the Białowieża Forest Transboundary World Heritage Site", which includes: fire risk assessment, fire detection, communication and alarm system, fire roads, water stores, equipment for fire fighting and rules for conducting rescue and fire-fighting operations.
    Źródło:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2023, 83; 1-15
    1732-9442
    2082-8926
    Pojawia się w:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The attempt to assess the fire risk of non-forest terrestrial ecosystems of Biebrza National Park - A case study
    Autorzy:
    Szczygieł, Ryszard
    Kwiatkowski, Mirosław
    Kołakowski, Bartłomiej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041238.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    fire risk
    non-forest ecosystems
    classification method
    Opis:
    On 19th April, the largest wildfire of the entire history of Biebrza National Park broke out and consumed 5526 ha, mostly overdried grassland with sedges and reeds of Biebrza marshes. The very rapid spread of the fire in the open space, with the blowing wind changing directions and the inaccessibility of the area for fire-fighting vehicles were the main reasons of this third largest wildfire in Poland, after the tragic forest fires in Kuźnia Raciborska (9060 ha burnt) and Potrzebowice (5600 ha burnt) in the memorable year of 1992. After this event, activities were undertaken to develop a fire protection plan for the Biebrza National Park. It took into account an innovative approach during the analysis of the existing fire risk, primarily regarding the non-forest terrestrial ecosystems composed of herbaceous vegetation, which constitutes as much as 61.2% of the park’s area, and to propose protection methods adequate to the threat. The work was completed in the framework of the project entitled ‘Development of the method for assessing the fire risk of non-forest ecosystems and the principles of fire protection for the Biebrza National Park – stage I,’ commissioned for the Forest Research Institute by the Biebrza National Park, financed by the State Forests from the forest fund, in accordance with the contract EZ.0290.1.24.2020. The article presents a preliminary method of classifying the fire risk of non-forest ecosystems, considering the occurrence of the fires in the Biebrza National Park in the years 2007–2020 and the type of vegetation burnt. This method, after supplementary field tests planned in 2021, will enable evaluation of the fire risk, which shall be a premise for the development of a fire protection plan.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2021, 63, 2; 167-175
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Potential forest fire risk evaluation in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Szczygieł, Ryszard
    Kwiatkowski, Mirosław
    Kołakowski, Bartłomiej
    Piwnicki, Józef
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041675.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    forest fire risk categorization
    stand flammability classes
    potential forest fire risk
    forest fuel models
    Opis:
    The term forest fire risk means the existence of such conditions that would make possible the occurrence of a fire in the forest environment. The base for the effectiveness of a forest fire protection system is the evaluation of the forest fire risk followed by adequate organization of the system. This article presents methods for determination of the forest susceptibility to fire known as potential forest fire risk. The below presented methods were developed by Forest Research Institute as the results of the projects commissioned by the General Directorate of State Forests. The forest fire risk category and stand flammability classes are the methods included here. The forest fire risk category was elaborated already in 1975 for the first time. Until today, after the last modification in 2008, it is the fundamental document for the polish forest fire protection system. The purpose of this modification was to increase the determination accuracy of the fire risk category of all polish forest, regardless of its ownership type and at the different administrative level. The categorization method, however, doesn’t reflect the fire risk in micro scale. The attempt to solve that problem was made in 2018 while developing the methodology of stand flammability classes. It was assumed that ground cover fuel models will be developed for the most flammable forest habitat types including ground cover types, dominant species, age class and geographical localisation.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2020, 62, 1; 39-45
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dynamic forest fire risk evaluation in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Szczygieł, Ryszard
    Kwiatkowski, Mirosław
    Kołakowski, Bartłomiej
    Piwnicki, Józef
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041632.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    forest fire risk degree
    dynamic forest risk
    pine litter moisture content
    method of forecasting forest fire risk
    Opis:
    The weather conditions determine the dynamic forest fire risk. In Poland, the dynamic forest fire risk is calculated using a method elaborated at the Forest Research Institute. The forest fire risk degree (4-level scale) is calculated every day at 9:00 am and at 1:00 pm during the fire season (1.03 till 30.09) for 60 prognostic zones selected on the basis of stand and climatic conditions. 97% of all annual forest fires occur during the fire season. Surface fires are a significant part of the fires (90%) and occur in forest stands where pine is the dominant species. The purpose of the research was to prepare a new method of forecasting forest fire risk, which would enable a more precise method of evaluation of the risk of an outbreak of fire in relation to the existing and forecast meteorological conditions in forests. The results obtained during testing of this method indicate a high accuracy in forecasting fire risk and a satisfactory precision of formulae for calculating moisture content of pine litter. The assumptions of the new method included: – possibility of determining the actual risk of fire for the given area, being the average for all measurement points located on the terrain equally those in which the moisture content measurement of litter has not been performed, – possibility of forecasting the risk of forest fire for the afternoon in the morning hours of the given day, – possibility of forecasting fire risk for the following day, – forecasting moisture content of litter for the afternoon and of the given day and for the following day, – drawing up a method enabling limitation of operational costs of fire prevention system.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2020, 62, 2; 139-144
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Macromodels’2011
    Autorzy:
    Volná Kaličinská, Barbora
    Kruszewski, Robert
    Buszkowska, Eliza
    Będowska-Sójka, Barbara
    Huptas, Roman
    Kwiatkowski, Łukasz
    Osińska, Magdalena
    Gadomski, Jan
    Gątarek, Łukasz
    Hoogerheide, Lennart F.
    Hooning, Koen
    Van Dijk, Herman K.
    Osiewalski, Jacek
    Osiewalski, Krzysztof
    Pajor, Anna
    Wróblewska, Justyna
    Fałdziński, Marcin
    Zdanowicz, Tomasz
    Gosińska, Emilia
    Burzyński, Michał
    Ciołek, Dorota
    Brodzicki, Tomasz
    Leszkiewicz-Kędzior, Katarzyna
    Konopczyński, Michał
    Lenart, Łukasz
    Pipień, Mateusz
    Skrzypczyńska, Marta
    Weron, Rafał
    Doman, Małgorzata
    Doman, Ryszard
    Kliber, Agata
    Płuciennik, Piotr
    Welfe, Władysław
    Torój, Andrzej
    Welfe, Aleksander
    Wdowiński, Piotr
    Tokarski, Tomasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/books/43330205.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Opis:
    Tom pokonferencyjny, na który składają się materiały z dwu międzynarodowych konferencji (XXXVIII International Conference MACROMODELS’ 2011 i 16th AMFET Conference on Modelling Economies in Transition, 30 listopada – 3 grudnia 2011, Poznań). Publikacja zawiera 5 artykułów z bibliografiami i 19 abstraktów prezentujących tematykę wystąpień konferencyjnych. Dwudzielny układ podkreślają dwa wprowadzenia, orientujące w zakresie podjętej przez badaczy tematyki.
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Książka
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