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Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 38
Tytuł:
Interdisciplinary studies at Starunia palaeontological site and vicinity (Carpathian region, Ukraine) in the years 2006-2009: previous discoveries and research, purposes, results and perspectives
Autorzy:
Kotarba, M. J
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/191538.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
Tematy:
Starunia
abandoned ozokerite mine
palaeontological site
woolly rhinoceros
Pleistocene
Carpathian region
Ukraine
Opis:
The discovery of large Pleistocene mammals in 1907 and 1929 in the Starunia ozokerite mine, about 130 kilometres southeast of Lviv, Ukraine, was a spectacular scientific event on a world scale. A unique combination of brine and oil, into which the animals had sunk, resulted in the near perfect preservation of woolly rhinoceros. In 2004, investigations in Starunia were restarted by Polish and Ukrainian scientists. This issue of Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae contains 18 papers which present the results of field and laboratory studies in the Starunia area completed by Polish scientists in the years 2006-2009. Interdisciplinary studies were realized by eleven thematic working groups on: Quaternary lithology and sedimentology, palaeobotany (palynology and analysis of macrofossils), botany (analysis of halophytes), palaeozoology (malacological analysis), radiocarbon dating, microbiology, surface and near-surface geochemistry, organic geochemistry (bitumen content and its fractions, biomarkers and stable carbon isotopes) and inorganic geochemistry (chloride ion analysis), geoelectric survey (DC resistivity soundings, electromagnetic terrain conductivity measurements, resistivity imaging, penetrometer-based resistivity profiling and azimuthal pole-dipole DC resistivity soundings) and microgravimetric survey. Results of these studies enabled recognition of the geological setting and sedimentary environment of Quaternary sediments, which hosted the Pleistocene fossils, and to determine the most favourable area of about 1,000 square metres for subsequent prospecting for extinct mammals within Pleistocene sediments in Starunia.
Źródło:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2009, 79, No 3; 219-241
0208-9068
Pojawia się w:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Origin of hydrocarbon gases accumulated in the Middle Cambrian reservoirs of the Polish part of the Baltic region
Autorzy:
Kotarba, M. J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2059071.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Polish Baltic Sea region
Upper Cambrian-Tremadocian source rock succession
thermogenic gases
microbial methane
hydrous pyrolysis
stable isotopes
Opis:
The origin of natural gases associated with oil and condensate accumulations within the Middle Cambrian sandstone reservoirs on the Polish part of the Baltic region was characterized by means of molecular analyses, stable carbon isotopes of methane, ethane and propane, and stable hydrogen isotopes of methane. Gases generated from the Upper Cambrian-Tremadocian source rock succession by hydrous pyrolysis at 330°C for 72 h was used to characterize thermogenic gas and to identify the microbial methane input in the natural gas accumulations. A insignificant component of microbial methane is only present in gases from the B3 offshore field and from two inflows in the B7-1/91 borehole. The traps within the Middle Cambrian sandstone reservoirs had already been formed and sealed between the Late Cambrian and the Early Ordovician time span when migration of microbial methane took place along the fault system. The traps were successively supplied with thermogenic gaseous hydrocarbons, condensate and oil generated from the same source organic matter of the Upper Cambrian-Tremadocian source rock succession at a successively higher maturation stage.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2010, 54, 2; 197-204
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Origin of natural gases in the autochthonous Miocene strata of the Polish Carpathian Foredeep
Autorzy:
Kotarba, M. J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/191377.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
Tematy:
microbial methane
stable carbon isotopes
thermogenic hydrocarbon gases
carbon dioxide
nitrogen
sulphide hydrogen
autochthonous Miocene strata
Polish Carpathian Foredeep
Opis:
Methane concentrations in natural gases accumulated in the autochthonous Miocene strata of the Polish Carpathian Foredeep (between Kraków and Przemyśl) usually exceeded 90 vol%. Methane and part of the ethane were generated during microbial reduction of carbon dioxide in the marine environment, mainly during the sedimentation of Miocene clays and muds. It is possible that this microbial process has continued even recently. Higher light hydrocarbons (mainly propane, butanes and pentanes) were generated during the diagenesis and the initial stage of the low-temperature thermogenic process. Very small changes in the values of geochemical hydrocarbon indices and stable isotope ratios of methane, ethane and propane with depth are evidence for similar gas generation conditions within the whole Badenian and Lower Sarmatian successions. Only in a few natural gas accumulations within the Upper Badenian and Lower Sarmatian reservoirs are thermogenic gases or thermogenic components present, both generated from mixed, type III/II kerogen. These thermogenic gases, now accumulated mainly in the bottom part of Miocene strata, probably resulted from thermogenic processes in the Palaeozoic– Mesozoic basement and then migrated to the Miocene strata along the fault zones. The presence of low hydrogen concentrations (from 0.00 to 0.26 vol%) within the Miocene strata is related to recent microbial processes. Carbon dioxide and nitrogen, which are common minor constituents, were generated in both microbial and low-temperature thermogenic processes. However, CO2 has also undergone secondary processes, mainly dissolution in water during migration. Hydrogen sulphide, which occurs in natural gases of Lower Badenian strata, was most probably generated during microbial sulphate reduction of the Lower Badenian gypsum and anhydrites.
Źródło:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2011, 81, No 3; 409-424
0208-9068
Pojawia się w:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Origin of natural gases in the autochthonous Miocene strata of the Ukrainian Carpathian Foredeep and its Mesozoic basement
Autorzy:
Kotarba, M. J.
Koltun, Y. V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/191381.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
Tematy:
microbial gases
thermogenic gases
stable carbon isotopes
stable hydrogen isotopes
carbon dioxide
nitrogen
Miocene strata
Mesozoic strata
Opis:
Methane concentrations in natural gases accumulated in the Lower and Upper Badenian and Lower Sarmatian reservoirs of the Bilche-Volytsia Unit in the western part of the Ukrainian Carpathian Foredeep usually exceed 96 vol%. Methane was generated by microbial reduction of carbon dioxide in the marine environment. Microbial methane and ethane were produced mainly during sedimentation of Miocene clays and muds. It is possible that this microbial process continues today. Higher light hydrocarbons (ethane in part, and mainly propane, butanes and pentanes) were generated during the diagenesis and the initial stage of the low-temperature, thermogenic processes from Type III and III/II kerogen deposited in Miocene strata and/or Middle and Upper Jurassic basement rocks. Limited variations in the values of geochemical hydrocarbon indices and stable isotope ratios of methane, ethane and propane with the depth indicate similar gas generation conditions within the whole Miocene succession. The microbial gases (methane and partly ethane) generated during microbial processes within the Miocene strata later migrated to the Upper Jurassic and the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian) reservoirs of the Mesozoic basement, and to the bottommost Lower Badenian reservoirs of the analysed Letnia, Orkhovychi, Rudky and Vereshchytsia fields. The low hydrogen concentrations within the Miocene strata as well as within the Upper Jurassic and the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian) reservoirs of the Mesozoic basement, and within the bottommost Lower Badenian reservoirs are also related to microbial processes. Carbon dioxide and nitrogen, which are common minor constituents, were generated by both microbial and low-temperature thermogenic processes. Moreover, CO2 also underwent secondary processes, mainly dissolution in water, during migration. At least part of the nitrogen accumulated in the Rudky field, which is remarkably high in N2 (96.9 vol%), is probably of atmospheric origin and was introduced to the reservoir by secondary recovery methods.
Źródło:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2011, 81, No 3; 425-441
0208-9068
Pojawia się w:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Geology and petroleum geochemistry of Miocene strata in the Polish and Ukrainian Carpathian Foredeep and its Palaeozoic–Mesozoic basement
Autorzy:
Kotarba, M. J.
Peryt, T. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/191445.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
Tematy:
petroleum system
prospectives of hydrocarbon exploration
Miocene
Palaeozoic–Mesozoic basement
Carpathian Foredeep
Polska
Ukraine
Opis:
This thematic issue of Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae contains a set of papers presenting results of a special research project entitled "Petroleum exploration prospectives and hydrocarbon potential of the Miocene strata and Mesozoic–Palaeozoic basement in the borderland area of Poland and Ukraine", led by research teams from the AGH University of Science and Technology in Kraków and the Polish Geological Institute – National Research Institute in Warsaw. The objective of this paper is determination of the geological and geochemical conditions, 1-D and 2-D modelling of petroleum processes and petroleum systems and their influence on the prospectives of hydrocarbon exploration of the Miocene strata in the Polish and Ukrainian Carpathian Foredeep and its Palaeozoic–Mesozoic basement. In particular, a coherent model of geological structure of the area, based both on the synthesis of the earlier published data and on new results of palynological studies of the Upper Precambrian and Lower Palaeozoic, is given. New data on microfacies of the Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous strata and on sedimentology, geochemistry and micropalaeontology of the Middle Miocene rocks are presented.
Źródło:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2011, 81, No 3; 211-220
0208-9068
Pojawia się w:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Surface geochemical survey at Starunia palaeontological site and vicinity (Carpathian region, Ukraine)
Autorzy:
Sechman, H.
Kotarba, M. J.
Dzieniewicz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/191493.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
Tematy:
surface geochemical survey
stable carbon isotopes
methane origin
gaseous hydrocar bon C2-C5
carbon dioxide origin
woolly rhinoceros
Starunia
Carpathian region
Ukraine
Opis:
A surface geochemical survey was carried out in an abandoned ozokerite mine in Starunia, where remnants of a mammoth and three woolly rhinoceroses and one almost completely preserved rhinoceros carcass were found in 1907 and 1929. In total, 689 measurement sites were defined within the selected 300×350 m rectangle (ca. 10.5 ha). The analysed soil gases vary in their molecular and isotopic compositions. Several zones with anomalous methane concentrations over 10 vol% were identified in the study area. These anomalous concentrations correlate well with total C2-C5 alkane anomalies (over 1 vol%). The zones with carbon dioxide concentrations over 15 vol% are generally shifted SW of those, where the methane and the sum of C2-C5 alkanes anomalies were identified. High helium concentrations of crustal origin (over 0.001 vol%) are clustered near fault zones. In a majority of cases methane is of thermogenic origin, migrating to the near-surface zone from deep-seated accumulations. Microbial methane, or methane with a high microbial component, is genetically related to recent swamps. The high variability of concentrations of gaseous components together with the highly variable isotopic composition of individual gases in the soil, indicate their thermogenic and/or microbial origin, and point to the lithological diversity of Quaternary sediments in the study area. Several zones with thermogenic gaseous hydrocarbons and helium were delineated. It is likely that during the Pleistocene winters, under a thick ice and snow cover, the tundra lake and swamp zones around outflows of brines, oil, helium and thermogenic gases had a higher temperature, which resulted in melting and cracking of the ice cover. These sites would be more prospective for future search of well-preserved large vertebrates.
Źródło:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2009, 79, No 3; 375-390
0208-9068
Pojawia się w:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Distribution and origin of gaseous hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide in the Quaternary sediments at Starunia palaeontological site and vicinity (Carpathian region, Ukraine)
Autorzy:
Kotarba, M. J.
Sechman, H.
Dzieniewicz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/191503.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
Tematy:
near-surface geochemical survey
depth gas distribution
stable carbon isotopes
gaseous hydrocarbon origin
carbon dioxide origin
Quaternary sediments
woolly rhinoceros
Starunia palaeontological site
Ukrainian Carpathians
Opis:
Near-surface gases were investigated in Starunia, where remains of mammoth and woolly rhinoceroses were discovered at the beginning of the 20th century. Samples were collected at 30 measurement sites, from 0.8, 1.6, 2.4, 3.2 and 4.0 m depths and analysed for their molecular and isotopic compositions. Most of the methane and all higher gaseous hydrocarbons accumulated within the near-surface zone are of thermogenic origin. The distribution of thermogenic methane and higher gaseous hydrocarbons in Quaternary sediments is variable and, generally, increases with depth. Microbial methane or a mixture of microbial and thermogenic methane also occurs at the near-surface zone. The presence of hydrogen and alkenes in the near-surface gases also suggests a contribution from recent, microbial processes. Helium of crustal origin migrated through the Rinne Fault and other tectonic zones located in the study area, and was subsequently dispersed during migration through the lithologically diversified Pleistocene and Holocene sediments. The high variability of the carbon dioxide concentration and stable carbon isotope composition at various depths in the near-surface zone is caused by its polygenetic origin (thermogenic, microbial, and oxidation of hydrocarbons and Quaternary organic matter), and also by its dissolution in water and oil during migration through lithologically diversified Pleistocene and Holocene sediments. Zones of thermogenic methane occurrence within Pleistocene sediments, dominated by muds saturated with bitumen and brines, provide the most favourable environment for preservation of large extinct mammals. It is likely that during the Pleistocene winters, when thick ice and snow covered the tundra lake and swamp, zones of outflow of brines, oils, helium, and thermogenic gaseous hydrocarbons had a higher temperature, which could have resulted in melting and cracking of the ice cover and drowning of large mammals. The most favourable conditions for preservation of large, extinct mammals probably still exists in the vicinity of sampling probe sites Nos 21, 22, 23 and 36. Zones of dominance of microbial methane concentrations are less favourable sites for preservation of extinct mammals, because this methane was generated within recent swamps and also within recent descending meteoric waters which infiltrated into Pleistocene and Holocene sediments. Older Pleistocene microbial gases have already escaped to the atmosphere.
Źródło:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2009, 79, No 3; 403-419
0208-9068
Pojawia się w:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Jedno- i dwuwymiarowe modelowania numeryczne procesów generowania, ekspulsji i migracji węglowodorów w utworach karbonu południowo-wschodniej części rowu lubelskiego
1-D and 2-D numerical modelling of hydrocarbon generation, expulsion and migration processes in Carboniferous strata in the south-western part of the Lublin Trough
Autorzy:
Wróbel, M.
Kotarba, M. J.
Kosakowski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/183317.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
karbon
rów lubelski
analiza naftowa
modelowania 1- i 2-D
Carboniferous strata
Lublin trough
petroleum analysis
1- and 2-D modelling
Opis:
W pracy przeprowadzono analizę generacyjną węglowodorów w utworach karbonu w południowo-wschodniej części rowu lubelskiego za pomocą numerycznych modelowań programami BasinMod 1- i 2-D. Na podstawie wyników analiz geochemicznych wydzielono w utworach karbonu poziomy skał macierzystych. Skały macierzyste utworów karbonu rowu lubelskiego charakteryzują się dobrymi własnościami macierzystości i obecnością gazotwórczego kerogenu IlI typu. W jednowymiarowych modelowaniach numerycznych, po skalibrowaniu pomierzonych wartości dojrzałości termicznej z wielkością erozji, dokonano identyfikacji faz węglowodorowych w utworach karbonu w profilach odwiertów Komarów IG-1, Grabowiec IG-4 i Terebin IG-5. W dwuwymiarowych modelowniach wzdłuż przekroju Komarów - Terebin uzyskano przestrzenny rozkład transformacji kerogenu skał macierzystych karbonu i sumaryczne ilości wygenerowanych węglowodorów. Wykazano, że jedynie w okolicach Komarowa i Grabowca możliwe było zachowanie węglowodorów. Przeprowadzona analiza naftowa dowiodła, że intensywna erozja w paleozoiku rozformowała potencjalne pułapki złożowe, a brak regionalnego uszczelnienia mezozoicznego pozwolił na rozproszenie resztkowych ilości węglowodorów.
In the paper authors carried out the petroleum analysis of Carboniferous strata in the south-eastern part of Lublin Trough by means of BasinMod 1- & 2-D numerical modelling. Results of geochemical analyses allowed to determine source rocks in three complexes of Carboniferous strata. Carboniferous source rocks have good petroleum potential and contain type III kerogen. In one dimensional numerical modelling, measured thermal maturity values had been calibrated of erosion quantity, it provided to identification of hydrocarbon phases in Komarów IG-1, Grabowiec IG-4 and Terebin IG-5 wells. Two dimensional modelling along Komarów - Terebin cross-section gave a spatial view on transformation ratio of kerogen and total amount of generated oil and gas. It is pointed, that hydrocarbons could be retained only in Komarów and Grabowiec area. Petroleum analyses reveal also, that intensive Paleozoic erosion ruined previously formed traps and lack of regional Mesozoic overburden caused the dispersion of residual hydrocarbons.
Źródło:
Geologia / Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie; 2008, 34, 2; 171-193
0138-0974
Pojawia się w:
Geologia / Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Origin of oils accumulated in the Middle Cambrian reservoirs of the Polish part of the Baltic region
Autorzy:
Kowalski, A.
Więcław, D.
Kotarba, M. J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2059062.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Baltic Region
Lower Paleozoic
oil origin
biomarkers
stable carbon isotopes
oil-oil correlation
Opis:
We have examined 21 samples of crude oils accumulated in the Middle Cambrian sandstone reservoirs from the Polish part of the Baltic region. All the crude oils have similar parameters and indices, which suggests generation from the same source rock. Evaporative fractionation and biodegradation processes were detected in oil collected from the B4-N1/01 borehole. All crude oils have high gravities and low-sulphur contents, less than 0.3 wt.%, which suggests that their source rock contained low-sulphur kerogen deposited in a clastic environment. A low asphaltenes content (below 0.3 wt.%) and high saturate/aromatic hydrocarbon ratios indicate long migration distances or high thermal maturities. The longest migration distance was probably attained by oils from the arnowiec and B16 deposits. The biomarker data indicate an algal origin for the source organic matter deposited under conditions of clastic sedimentation. The stable carbon isotope data support this observation. The maturity of the oils analysed varies from ca. 0.75 to ca. 1.05% on the vitrinite reflectance scale. Unlike the B6, B16, Dbki and arnowiec accumulations, oils from the B3 and B4 accumulations reveal the lowest maturity.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2010, 54, 2; 205-216
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Molecular and isotopic compositions of gases adsorbed to near surface sediments at Starunia palaeontological site and vicinity (Carpathian region, Ukraine)
Autorzy:
Dzieniewicz, M.
Sechman, H.
Kotarba, M. J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/191497.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
Tematy:
near-surface geochemical survey
adsorbed gases
origin of gaseous hydrocarbons
origin of carbon dioxide
Quaternary sediments
Starunia palaeontological site
Carpathian region
Ukraine
Opis:
The near-surface geochemical survey of gases desorbed from sediment samples was carried out in the area of an abandoned ozokerite mine in Starunia, where remnants of mammoth and three woolly rhinoceroses and one almost completely preserved rhinoceros carcass were discovered in 1907 and 1929. Numerous hydrocarbon seeps (gas and oil "eyes") occur on the surface of the study area. Analyses of molecular and stable carbon isotope compositions of adsorbed gases were carried out in two variants. The first included sampling of cuttings from 30 auger boreholes at depths of 4.8, 5.6 and 6.4 m. In total, 88 samples were collected. In the second variant core samples were collected from 17 selected boreholes. In total, 78 samples were taken from various depths to 12 m. The results of molecular composition analyses of desorbed gases indicated high saturation of near-surface sediments with the oil. The highest concentrations of alkanes were detected in Miocene strata. Hydrocarbon migration from deep accumulations to the surface was relatively fast and proceeded along the faults, fractures and cracks. In the near-surface zone hydrocarbons were subjected to oxidation and dehydrogenation, which resulted in generation of unsaturated hydrocarbons and hydrogen. These processes were most intensive in the Pleistocene sediments and in the mine dumps. Increased concentrations of hydrogen may also originate from water radiolysis in the presence of hydrocarbons. Concentrations of carbon dioxide in the adsorbed gases show the higher values in comparison with the analysed gaseous compounds. However, a slight increase in CO2 concentration was detected in the mine dump, which may indicate conditions more favourable for hydrocarbon oxidation. Carbon dioxide from the analysed adsorbed gases is of thermogenic origin. Occasionally, insignificant influence of secondary hydrocarbon oxidation and/or Quaternary organic matter can be observed. Concentrations of alkanes, alkenes and carbon dioxide in the gas derived from desorption of rock samples are lower and the concentration of hydrogen is higher than those measured in free gases. This indicates that additional effects from recent (e.g. microbial) processes are absent.
Źródło:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2009, 79, No 3; 421-437
0208-9068
Pojawia się w:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 38

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