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    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
    Tytuł:
    Infrared Reflection of $MnTe_2$ under High Pressure
    Autorzy:
    Mita, Y.
    Ishida, Y.
    Kobayashi, M.
    Endo, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1813955.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    71.30.+h
    78.30.-j
    Opis:
    The IR reflection measurements of $MnTe_2$ were performed at room temperature under various pressures. It is observed that the reflectivity increases at the pressure range of 8-25 GPa and becomes almost constant at the higher pressure. The carrier concentrations obtained from the reflectivity spectra at the highest pressure region are the order of $10^{22} cm^{-3}$. Therefore it is concluded that pressure-induced semiconductor-metal transition occurs at the pressure range of 8-25 GPa.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2008, 113, 1; 617-620
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Nonlinear boundary control of coupled Burgers equations
    Autorzy:
    Kobayashi, T.
    Oya, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/206228.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Badań Systemowych PAN
    Tematy:
    równanie sprzężone Burgersów
    stabilizacja globalna
    regulacja adaptacyjna
    sterowanie nieliniowe brzegowe
    coupled Burgers' equation
    global stabilization
    adaptive regulation
    nonlinear boundary control
    Opis:
    This paper is concerned with adaptive stabilization of two coupled viscous Burgers' equations by nonlinear boundary controllers. Under the existence of bounded deterministic disturbances, the adaptive controllers are constructed by the concept of high-gain nonlinear output feedback and the estimation mechanism of the unknown parameters. In the controlled system the global stability and the convergence of the system states to zero will be guaranteed. It is shown that the theory can be generalized to the systems with higher-order nonlinearity.
    Źródło:
    Control and Cybernetics; 2003, 32, 2; 245-258
    0324-8569
    Pojawia się w:
    Control and Cybernetics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Irreproducibility –The deadly sin of preclinical research in drug development
    Autorzy:
    Pillai, S.K.
    Kobayashi, K.
    Michael, M.
    Arumugam, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2098205.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    preclinical research
    drug development
    irreproducibility
    statistical analysis
    experimental design
    Opis:
    Introduction. In recent years the irreproducibility of preclinical studies has become a serious concern in drug developmental research. The findings of preclinical studies that cannot be reproduced are a drain on public resources and slow down the drug discovery process. Among the various factors that contribute to irreproducibility in preclinical drug developmental research, poor statistical analysis and weak experimental design play a major role in the failure of drugs in clinical research. Objective. The aim of this review is to describe key factors, such as poor statistical analysis and weak experimental design, that contribute to the irreproducibility of preclinical studies in drug development, and how such studies slow down the drug development process. Brief description of the state of knowledge. The irreproducibility of preclinical research is a serious issue that researchers, especially those who are involved in drug discovery, are facing today. The irreproducibility of research drains public resources, time, and diminish the trust of the common man in the research community. The factors that contribute to the irreproducibility of preclinical research are related to experiment design and improper statistical analysis of the experimental data. Most of these factors can be eliminated by researchers developing a commitment to science and society. Conclusion. Poor experimental design and lack of knowledge or limited knowledge of statistical analysis of data contribute significantly to the irreproducibility of preclinical research. A well-designed experiment with proper statistical analysis of data conducted by committed researchers rarely fails to reproduce.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research; 2020, 14, 4; 165-168
    1898-2395
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Antiviral and cytotoxic activities of anthraquinones isolated from Cassia roxburghii Linn. leaves
    Aktywność antywirusowa i cytotoksyczna antrachinonów wyizolowanych z liści Cassia roxburghii Linn.
    Autorzy:
    Mohammed, M.M.D.
    El-Souda, S.S.
    El-Hallouty, S.M.
    Kobayashi, N.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/72443.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Włókien Naturalnych i Roślin Zielarskich
    Tematy:
    antiviral activity
    cytotoxic activity
    anthraquinone
    isolation
    Cassia roxburghii
    leaf
    Opis:
    The cytotoxic activity of petroleum ether extract of the leaves of Cassia roxburghii Linn. against HCT-116 and MCF-7 cell lines resulted with IC50=34.9 and 38.04 μg/ml, respectively, while against HepG-2 showed no activity. A bioassay guided-fractionation approach was conducted to isolate and identify the active cytotoxic principles. Further chromatographic separation and purification of the petroleum ether extract resulted in the isolation of two anthraquinones identified as aloe-emodin acetate and aloe-emodin, along with stigmasterol, β-sitosterol and palmitic acid. The structure elucidation of isolated compounds was performend using 1D, 2D-NMR and HR-MS. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of aloe-emodin acetate and aloe-emodin were evaluated and resulted with IC50=153.30 and 70.02 μg/ml against HCT-116 and with 93.20 and 53.20 μg/ml against MCF-7, respectively, while against HepG-2 showed no activity. Moreover, the antiviral activity of the two isolated anthraquinones was tested against influenza virus-A, and resulted with IC50=10.23 as well as 2.00 and with CC50=1.32 and 0.47 μg/ml, respectively.
    Aktywność cytotoksyczna wyciągu benzynowego z liści Cassia roxburghii Linn. przeciwko liniom komórkowym HCT-116 i MCF-7 wynosiła odpowiednio IC50=34.9 i 38,04 μg/ ml, natomiast nie wykazano aktywności przeciwko HepG-2. Przeprowadzono biologiczne frakcjonowanie w celu wyizolowania i identyfikacji aktywnych związków o działaniu cytotoksycznym. Późniejsza separacja chromatograficzna i oczyszczenie wyciągu benzynowego zaowocowało wyizolowaniem dwóch antrachinonów oznaczonych jako octan aloe-emodyny i aloe-emodyna, a także stigmasterolu, β-sitosterolu i kwasu palmitynowego. Określenie struktury wyizolowanych składników przeprowadzono przy użyciu 1D, 2D-NMR i HR-MS. Określono także cytotoksyczność octanu aloe-emodyny i aloe-emodyny, której wartość wyniosła odpowiednio IC50=153,30 i 70,02 μg/ml przeciwko HCT-116 oraz odpowiednio 93,20 i 53,20 μg/ml przeciwko MCF-7. Nie wykazano aktywności przeciwko HepG-2. Testowano też aktywność przeciwwirusową dwóch wyizolowanych antrachinonów przeciwko wirusowi grypy typu A. Wyniosła ona odpowiednio IC50=10,23 oraz 2,00 przy CC50=1,32 i 0,47 μg/ml.
    Źródło:
    Herba Polonica; 2013, 59, 4
    0018-0599
    Pojawia się w:
    Herba Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Formal Safety Assessment (FSA) for Analysis of Ship Collision Using AIS Data
    Autorzy:
    Zaman, M.B.
    Santoso, A.
    Kobayashi, E.
    Wakabayashi, D.
    Maimun, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116666.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
    Tematy:
    AIS Data
    Automatic Identification System (AIS)
    Formal Safety Assessment (FSA)
    geographic information system (GIS)
    Analysis of Ship Collision
    Collision Avoidance
    Malacca Strait
    safety at sea
    Opis:
    Currently, Maritime safety is the best issue in the world. International Maritime organization (IMO) have recommended FSA methodology to enhance maritime safety. In this paper, the research conducted in the Malacca Strait. Malacca Strait is an area that has a high risk for shipping navigation. Many accidents occur in the area are like collision, fire, grounding and so on. Therefore a study on improving safety in this area is very important. it is to produce an output that can be used to provide input to the master and multiple stakeholders to improve safety on board at the time of sailing. In this study, AIS is used as a data source. Sea condition data collected actual traffic through the Automatic Identification System (AIS) equipment installed at Kobe University, Japan, and Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) in Johor, Malaysia. The data is applied to define a method with the help of Geographic Information Systems (GIS).
    Źródło:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2015, 9, 1; 67-72
    2083-6473
    2083-6481
    Pojawia się w:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    John William Trevan’s concept of Median Lethal Dose (LD50/LC50) – more misused than used
    Autorzy:
    Pillai, S.K.
    Kobayashi, K.
    Michael, M.
    Mathai, T.
    Sivakumar, B.
    Sadasivan, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2098545.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    lethal dose
    toxic substance
    acute toxicity
    Opis:
    Introduction: Median lethal dose (MLD) has been a controversial subject among biologists and animal ethicists since its inception in 1927 by Trevan. Toxicologists use MLD (LD50) as the first step to assess the toxicity of a substance. Animal ethicists criticize LD50 tests because animals suffer pain, and LD50 is irreproducible. The disadvantage of classifying chemicals based on LD50, the importance of the ‘characteristics’ proposed by Trevan, and the ideal mortality range for determining the best estimate of LD50 are also discussed. Objective: The aim of this review was to understand Trevan’s concept of LD50 and the method of Litchfield and Wilcoxon (L and W), and Finney’s probit analysis for LD50 determination Materials and method: A literature survey was conducted using Google search and Pubmed. Simulated data set was used for identifying the ideal mortality range for calculating the ‘best estimate’ of LD50. Brief description of the state of knowledge: After Trevan, the extensively used classical methods for LD50 determination are Finney’s probit analysis and the L and W method. Animal ethicists questioned LD50, because of its irreproducibility. Presently used methods for LD50 tests do not provide information on the dose-response, hence assessing the complete spectrum of toxicity is not possible. However, LD50 is used to classify chemicals. Conclusions: 'The 'characteristic' is more specific than the slope or LD50 of a dose-response curve. LD50 does not manifest the exact nature of the toxicity of a substance; hence, classifying chemicals based on LD50s may have little relevance
    Źródło:
    Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research; 2021, 15, 3; 137-141
    1898-2395
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pressure Effect on Yb-Based Strongly Correlated Electron Systems
    Autorzy:
    Mito, T.
    Otani, M.
    Nakamura, M.
    Koyama, T.
    Wada, S.
    Kotegawa, H.
    Kobayashi, T.
    Idzikowski, B.
    Reiffers, M.
    Sarrao, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1810284.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    71.27.+a
    75.30.Kz
    75.30.Mb
    76.60.-k
    Opis:
    We studied pressure effects on $YbCu_5$ and $YbInCu_4$, good examples of the Yb-based compounds to investigate the nonmagnetic-magnetic transition in Yb-based strongly correlated electron systems. With increasing pressure, the low-temperature Fermi liquid state of $YbCu_5$ is gradually suppressed, suggesting the second-order like nonmagnetic-magnetic transition around the pressure of 5-6 GPa. On the other hand, in $YbInCu_4$ which has a pressure-induced magnetic ordered ground state above $P_C$=2.45 GPa, both high-temperature paramagnetic and low-temperature intermediate valence phases are insensitive to pressure. Our results confirm the first-order nature of the transition between the intermediate valence and magnetic ordered phases with pressure.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2009, 115, 1; 47-52
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Repellence Effect of the New Sound for Underwater Speaker of Hydrofoil
    Autorzy:
    Nakashima, T.
    Kobayashi, N.
    Yamada, H.
    Katsumata, T.
    Yoshida, R.
    Kato, H.
    Okabe, H.
    Kawazu, I.
    Yanase, Y.
    Omine, M.
    Terada, M.
    Sugioka, H.
    Kyo, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116522.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
    Tematy:
    Underwater Speaker (UWS)
    Hydrofoil
    Underwater Speaker Sound
    Humpback Whale
    New Sound
    Cetaceans
    Acoustics
    Hydroacoustics
    Opis:
    In order to prevent hydrofoil colliding with cetaceans, the underwater speaker (UWS) has been installed to repel cetaceans. Yamada et al. (2012) analyzed and devised the UWS sound as it fits the cetaceans' acoustic properties to prevent the collision furthermore. The new UWS sound was devised and synthesized by Yamada et al. (2015) with expectation of avoiding collision with large cetaceans (Patent applied for, JP2014-171411). In this research project, the new UWS sound was investigated by the playback experiment on humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) and by sighting survey in the actual hydrofoil shipping service route. As a result, a physiological and behavioral change of the humpback whale was observed in the playback experiment of the new UWS sound, and the chance of hydrofoil encountering cetaceans of the new UWS sound was smaller than that of the previous UWS sound. Therefore, the improvement of the new UWS sound was confirmed. Lastly, we wish this research project would contribute toward the safer cruise of hydrofoil in the future.
    Źródło:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2015, 9, 2; 207-211
    2083-6473
    2083-6481
    Pojawia się w:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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