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    Tytuł:
    Has there Been a Structural Change in the World Economy?
    Czy w gospodarce światowej nastąpiła zmiana struktury?
    Autorzy:
    Klein, Laurence R
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/905575.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1990
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Opis:
    Gospodarka światowa znajduje się obecnie w pozycji wzajemnie bilansującej się nie równowagi, przy czym znaczna część świata jest w fazie ożywienia po recesji lat 1979-1981. Czy ożywienie gospodarki może przebiegać bez istotnych zmian w strukturze i polityce ekonomicznej? Wielu ekonomistów uważa, że w gospodarce światowej dokonały się takie zmiany, iż możliwe jest przyspieszenie tempa ożywienia i procesów dostosowanych w warunkach nie równowagi. Przeprowadzona została analiza gospodarki światowej na podstawie prognozy ekonometrycznej ("bazowej”) i postawiona kwestia "miękkiej" i "gwałtownej" ścieżki wzrostu w aspekcie zadłużenia krajów Ameryki Łacińskiej, kursu dolara, wzrostu krajów socjalistycznych itp. Przedstawiono także pewne propozycje polityki gospodarczej, uzyskane na podstawie symulacji LINK-u, pozwalających na poprawę sytuacji ekonomicznej świata.
    Źródło:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 1990, 102
    0208-6018
    2353-7663
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of monitoring strategies and reference data of the German Environmental Specimen Banking Program
    Autorzy:
    Paulus, M.
    Bartel, M.
    Klein, R.
    Nentwich, K.
    Quack, M.
    Teubner, D.
    Wagner, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147782.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    environmental specimen banking
    effect monitoring
    reference system
    critical tissue concentration
    bioaccumulation
    biometric specimen characterization
    Opis:
    The constitution of the German Environmental Specimen Bank (ESB) has started in 1985, subsequent to a successful pilot study concerning the feasibility. Since that time, a multitude of technological and methodical standards have been developed, which allow for a high quality of the storage-samples and of the specimen characterization. While the storage-samples are kept for retrospective analysis, by now, already comprehensive data on the material-developing in the environment are available due to a real time monitoring of selected environmental chemicals over a period of up to twenty years. Thus, spatial and temporal trends can be described. Since the state of knowledge on critical tissue concentrations in the sublethal range is extremely low at present, it is however not possible to accomplish a direct assessment of relevancy of the substance concentrations. Hence, within the scope of the German ESB Program, the following strategies on assessment of relevancy are observed: use of biomarkers, histopathological examinations, biometric specimen characterization, use of ecological indicator groups, and development of a reference system with analytical and biometric data. Thus, for example endocrine effects in male breams in the river Saar, which correlate directly to operational discharges from municipal sewage plants, could be detected. By histopathological examinations, fibrotic and necrotic tissue adaptations on the gonads had been ascertained cumulatively, which unambiguously imply a restricted fertility of the male breams. In the river Rhine, an improved growth along the timeline could be described on the basis of biometric characterization of breams, which is regarded as rate for the reaction to all structural and material changes in the water body. Presently, with the development of a reference system based on the data collected in the scope of the Environmental
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2005, 50,suppl.1; 53-58
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Temperature Dependence of Magnetization Process in Bistable Amorphous and Nanocrystalline FeCoMoB Microwires
    Autorzy:
    Klein, P.
    Varga, R.
    Vazquez, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1534024.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010-11
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    75.50.Kj
    75.60.Ej
    75.60.Jk
    Opis:
    We have studied the effect of thermal treatment on the magnetic properties of amorphous and nanocrystalline $Fe_{40}Co_{38}Mo_4B_{18}$ microwires. The magnetization process was measured within the temperature interval from 80 to 425 K. Microwires shows complex temperature dependence of the switching field in amorphous state due to the presence of complex stress distribution induced during production. After nanocrystallization, the switching field depends linearly on the measuring temperature that makes such microwires ideal for sensing applications.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2010, 118, 5; 809-810
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Temperature Dependence of the Switching Field in Nanocrystalline FeNiMoB Microwires
    Autorzy:
    Klein, P.
    Varga, R.
    Vazquez, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1366629.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-07
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    75.50.Kj
    75.60.Ej
    75.60.Jk
    Opis:
    We have studied temperature dependencies of the switching field in as-cast and nanocrystalline glass-coated $Fe_{40}Ni_{38}Mo_{4}B_{18}$ microwires. The switching field shows complex temperature dependence in the as-cast state reflecting the complex stress distribution induced during annealing. The temperature dependence of the switching field depends strongly on the stage of nanocrystallization being negative for low temperatures of annealing and positive for annealing at 700 K.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2014, 126, 1; 64-65
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Magnetic Properties of Glass-Coated FeWB Microwires
    Autorzy:
    Klein, P.
    Varga, R.
    El Kammouni, R.
    Vazquez, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1367044.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-07
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    75.50.Kj
    75.60.Ej
    Opis:
    We have studied magnetization process in amorphous bistable $Fe_{80}W_{3}B_{17 }$ microwires with reduced Curie temperature. High mechanical stresses from glass-coating, induced during production process, result in high switching field. Reducing the length of microwire, the switching field decreases as a result of reduction of magnetoelastic anisotropy. Moreover, the decrease of magnetoelastic anisotropy results in a complex temperature dependence of the switching field. On the other hand, strong variations of the switching field with temperature can be employed in miniaturised temperature sensor.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2014, 126, 1; 70-71
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Complex Magnetoimpedance in Joule-Heated $Co_{71,1}Fe_{3,9}Si_{10}B_{15}$ Microwires
    Autorzy:
    Komova, E.
    Kozar, J.
    Klein, P.
    Varga, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1398258.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-04
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    75.50.Kj
    81.07.Bc
    75.47.De
    Opis:
    Complex magnetoimpedance study is an alternating current technique that can be used to probe some properties of magnetic materials. We report on complex impedance measurements in low-negative magnetostrictive ferromagnetic CoFeSiB microwire. In these wires, the domain structure consists of two parts: an inner core, with domains oriented to the longitudinal direction of the wire, and an outer shell with circumferentially oriented domains. This magnetic structure is modified by AC current flowing through the microwire which produces an additional circumferential magnetic field $H_Φ$ and significantly affects magnetic structure inside the wires. The additional circular magnetization process in wires was studied by impedance measurements as a function of the amplitude and the frequency of the AC current after gradual Joule heating. Changes in the magnetization processes are reflected in the real permeability values and loss factor values.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2017, 131, 4; 705-707
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of the Fixation Patterns on Magnetic Characteristics of Amorphous Glass-Coated Sensoric Microwires
    Autorzy:
    Hudak, R.
    Varga, R.
    Hudak, J.
    Praslicka, D.
    Blazek, J.
    Polacek, I.
    Klein, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1202355.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-07
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    87.85.G-
    87.85.fk
    85.70.Ay
    Opis:
    Some of the frequent reasons of titanium implant failures in human body are incorrect biomechanical interactions within the tissue-implant interface and inflammatory processes arising around the implant's application area. For both processes, it is crucial to locate them and intervene in time. One of the monitoring possibilities of the mentioned processes is the application of amorphous glass-coated sensoric microwires (AGCSM). Magnetic characteristics of these microwires are influenced by both mechanical tension (magnetoelastic interaction of the magnetic moment with mechanical stress) and by temperature (different coefficient of thermal expansion of the metal core and glass coating). The key task, in order to change the magnetic characteristics of AGCSM from both clinical and scanning point of view, appears to be the fixation pattern of AGCSM in the implant's body. The presented study shows the impact of four types of AGCSM fixation patterns (at one ending, at both endings, in the middle and along the entire length) on the thermal response process tested in laboratory conditions. The obtained results will enable to establish the AGCSM fixation methodology in the implant's body in order to achieve optimal output temperature parameters form the implant and the tissue-implant interface by magnetic contactless measurements.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2014, 126, 1; 417-418
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    GMI Effect in Annealed $Fe_{40}Ni_{38}Mo_{4}B_{18}$ Microwires
    Autorzy:
    Komova, E.
    Šidik, F.
    Klein, P.
    Varga, R.
    Vazquez, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1367050.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-07
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    75.50.Kj
    81.07.Bc
    75.47.De
    Opis:
    Amorphous glass-coated microwires are ideal material for miniaturized applications for sensing the temperature, stress and magnetic field. One of the key parameters for future applications is their time and thermal stability. It has been shown that stability can be improved by using nanocrystalline materials that combine good soft magnetic properties of amorphous matrix with high structural stability of crystalline grains. Such nanocrystalline materials are usually obtained by annealing of amorphous precursor. In the given contribution, the influence of dc current annealing on the domain structure and GMI effect in amorphous and nanocrystalline $Fe_{40}Ni_{38}Mo_{4}B_{18}$ magnetic microwire has been studied. The annealing induces additional circular magnetic anisotropy, stress relief and structure homogenization. However, the increase of magnetostriction results in the decrease of GMI. Annealing at optimum crystallisation temperature results in an increase of the relative permeability due to the formation of the nanosized grains. Consequently, GMI amplitude is comparable to that of as-cast state.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2014, 126, 1; 74-75
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of Current Annealing on Domain Structure in Amorphous and Nanocrystalline FeCoMoB Microwires
    Autorzy:
    Klein, P.
    Varga, R.
    Onufer, J.
    Ziman, J.
    Badini-Confalonieri, G.
    Vazquez, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1032776.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-04
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    75.50.Kj
    75.60.Ej
    75.60.Jk
    75.70.Kw
    75.60.Ch
    Opis:
    The influence of current annealing on the complex domain structure in amorphous and nanocrystalline FeCoMoB microwire has been studied. The thickness of radial domain structure together with the switching field of single domain wall change as a consequence of variation of complex internal stress distribution inside metallic core. Firstly, radial domain structure thickness monotonously increases with increasing annealing DC current density for amorphous state. Switching field exhibits local minimum in nanocrystalline sample annealed at 500 MA/m^2 for 10 min when the lowest thickness of outer shell (182 nm) was observed. Such annealed sample (which magnetic properties exhibit excellent temperature stability) is suitable candidate for miniaturized sensor construction for sensing the magnetic field or mechanical stress.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2017, 131, 4; 681-683
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Novel Applications of Bistable Magnetic Microwires
    Autorzy:
    Sabol, R.
    Klein, P.
    Ryba, T.
    Hvizdos, L.
    Varga, R.
    Rovnak, M.
    Sulla, I.
    Mudronova, D.
    Galik, J.
    Polacek, I.
    Zivcak, J.
    Hudak, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1032633.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-04
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    75.50.Kj
    75.60.Jk
    Opis:
    Few examples of technical and biomedical applications of bistable magnetic microwires are shown. Particularly, application of microwires in civil engineering are shown for sensing the mechanical stress in concrete, steel structure or steel cable by simple gluing it on the surface of studied structure. On the other hand, biomedical applications for sensing the stress, temperature, and position inside the human or animal body are shown. Experiments with pig intestine cells points to the biocompatibility of glass coated microwires.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2017, 131, 4; 1150-1152
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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