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Tytuł:
Uwagi o implikacji materialnej
Autorzy:
Kiczuk, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2013479.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
logika
funktor prawdziwościowy
znak negacji
znak alternatywy
implikacja materialna
koniunkcja
logic
truth-functional operator
negation sign
disjunction sign
material implication
conjunction
Opis:
In the initial part of the article texts of some authors are analyzed concerning material implication. In the further part of the article the proposition is justified that the operator of material implication differs in quality from other truth-functional operators. The final part of the article is devoted to considerations aiming at presenting what the thesis of the classical propositional calculus, in which the main operator is the operator of material implication, denote.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2006, 54, 1; 69-80
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prawa nauk przyrodniczych a tezy logiki formalnej i metafizyki
Laws of natural sciences and propositions of formal logic and metaphysics
Autorzy:
Kiczuk, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2015978.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
logika
filozofia logiki
filozofia nauki
prawo
logic
philosophy of logic
philosophy of science
law
Opis:
In the first part of the article remarks are made concerning the laws of natural sciences. First of all the field of analyses of modern natural sciences is presented. The second part of the article is devoted to a characteristic of the laws of formal logic, and especially of the laws of classical sentential calculus. The view that logical propositions state certain objective relations between states of things is explicated. After other authors, it is stressed that learning logic we not only train the art of correct thinking, but we also learn about certain relations between facts that constitute the logical structure of the world. In the third part of the article propositions of the general theory of being, i.e. the first principles of being and propositions concerning entity compositions are characterised; also numerous comparative analyses are made. The article tries to show similarities and differences between natural sciences laws, laws of logic and theses of the general theory of being. First of all attention is drawn to relations occurring between some laws of logic of sentences and the first principles of being.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2002, 50, 1; 303-331
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Współczesna logika formalna a nauki przyrodnicze
Contemporary formal logic and the natural sciences
Autorzy:
Kiczuk, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2016141.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
logika
filozofia logiki
metodologia
filozofia nauki
fizyka
logic
philosophy of logic
methodology
philosophy of science
physics
Opis:
In the first part of the article the questions are discussed that are connected with applying the rules of classical sentence logic and many valued logic in theories of natural sciences, mainly in N. Bohr' s theories of complementarity. This part of the article explicates Z. Zawirski's proposition, that the rules of logic, through applying them to the world, not only stop being tautologies that do not say anything about the reality, but they become natural hypotheses that say a lot, perhaps "the first things”, about that reality. In the article the possibility is shown of using the rules of building axiomatic deductive systems of classical logical calculus in construction of corresponding axiomatic systems in physics, as an axiomatic system may well represent an empirical theory. In the second part of the article the relations of contemporary non-classical kinds of logic with natural sciences are discussed. A lot of attention is devoted to showing that in natural sciences, in physics, application of formal logic may also consist in suitable use of its language. Not only is the language of classical logical calculus involved here but the language of systems of non-classical logics as well, and especially of the ones which give the rules for correct use of functors connected with the following - crucial for natural sciences - terms: time, change, causal relationship.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2001, 49, 1; 127-150
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Uwagi o przedmiocie logiki formalnej
Some Remarks on the Subject Matter of Formal Logic
Autorzy:
Kiczuk, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1918697.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-11-13
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
K.Ajdukiewicz wrote that each correct scheme of inference is based on the logical theorem which asserts an objective relation between facts. Accordingly, while we study logic we train ourselves in the art of logical thinking, and learn some relations between facts. For instance, we learn the law of excluded middle, that is that a given state of affairs, a given situation occurs or does not occur. In this paper Ajdukiewicz's pronouncements have been completed, e.g. by way of turning our attention on this point that the relations asserted by the laws of classical calculus, especially by the laws of classical propositional calculus, are those relations whose existence they assume and of which speak − by means of appropriate logical constants − all scientific disciplines with an ontological bias. Of such relations one speaks also in everyday language. The paper seeks to show that Z. Zawirski, T. Kotarbiński, S. Kamiński and G. Küng, although each of them uses different words, expressed in principle the above thesis of Ajdukiewicz. Some attention has been devoted to outline the differences which occur between the laws of classical propositional calculus, the laws of non-classical logics, in which there occur nonextensional functors, and the laws of the natural sciences.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 1995, 43, 1; 41-52
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
David Owens, Causes and Coincidenses
Autorzy:
Kiczuk, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1918722.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-11-13
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 1995, 43, 1; 239-246
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O NIEKTÓRYCH PRAWACH LOGIKI I ZASADACH OGÓLNEJ TEORII BYTU
Autorzy:
Kiczuk, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/488533.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
logika współczesna
funktor prawdziwościowy
klasyczny rachunek zdań
zasada racji dostatecznej
modern logic
truth-functional operator
classical propositional calculus
principle of sufficient reason
Opis:
Some principles of general theory of being have their equivalents in laws of classical logic. For a long time this was not distinctly noticed, as logic was treated rather as technology of discussion, and not as a system of propositions stated in the objective language and concerning connections between facts. It may be generally said that some primary principles of being and some laws of logic state the same most fundamental connections between facts, between states of things. There are also principles of philosophy that do not have such equivalents in laws of logic. These include the principle of sufficient reason. The concept of intuitive truth of propositions that reappeared in modern logic first of all in connection with K. Gödel’s theorem of 1931 formed an intellectual climate that made it possible for classical logicians to accept also those principles of general theory of being that do not have equivalents in laws of standard logic. It may be said that these philosophical principles may be included in the outward basis of modern logic.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2012, 60, 2; 171-179
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Artura w. Burksa koncepcja zdań kauzalnych
Artur W. Burks’ Conception of the Logic of Causal Propositions
Autorzy:
Kiczuk, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2106907.pdf
Data publikacji:
1990
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
In the first part of this paper the author discusses Burks's remarks about his programme how to construe the logic of causal propositions. This part includes also the basic principles of the system of the logic of causality, as it is understood by Burks. The author turns one's attention to various functors of implication which have been introduced by the American author. It has been shown here how by virtue of this non-classical functor one can formalize the causal laws which occur in various sciences. In the second part of this article the author discusses the key terms of Burks's system. It is mainly focused on the logical functor of necessity and the functor of causal necessity. A thesis has been put forward here along with its justification. Namely, that these functors have not been sufficiently clearly characterized by the American logician. The author pinpoints shortly that there is a possibility to construe a logical system in which a certain type of the functor of causal implication can be characterized without using the functors of logical necessity and causal necessity.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 1990, 37-38, 1; 311-324
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Uwagi o niektórych typach konieczności
Remarks on Some Types of Necessity
Autorzy:
Kiczuk, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1917756.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-11-16
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
The paper sought to answer the following question: what is a metaphysical necessity? What is a logical necessity? The first part of the paper shows the genesis of the concept of necessity in Greek philosophy, as well as the types of contemporary theoretical knowledge. It is on the grounds of those types that propositions, in a sense necessary, appear or may appear. Basically, the first part shows necessities discussed in the general theory of being (classical metaphysics). It is in this theory that a necessary being is discussed (its essence is existence) and necessary relations which unite independent constitutive factors in one, concrete being. In the second part of the paper the logical necessity has been discussed. It is emphasized here that theorems in logic, its laws, are necessary, for they state necessary relationships between the states of things. Their necessity is constituted by their appropriate structure. The logical necessity is a formal necessity. It has been stressed that to express the logical relations grasped in a cognitive manner we have special terms, functors, which are called logical constants. In the majority of laws of logic there are several logical constants, there are simple laws of logic of one logical constant. The representatives of all the types of theoretical knowledge (including the general theory of being), a knowledge we gain in the ontological research approach the actual founders of that knowledge take. The paper meant to characterize the formal necessity which is connected with the classical propositional calculus and traditional logic.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 1997, 45, 1; 5-33
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spór o stosowalność logiki formalnej do filozofii w szkole lubelskiej
A Dispute about the Applicability of Formal Logic to Philosophy in the Lublin School
Autorzy:
Kiczuk, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1918559.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-11-16
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
The first part of the paper discusses the basic theses of J. Łukaszewicz's theses stated in the 1920s, theses which concerned the relationship between philosophy and contemporary logic. Łukaszewicz's opinions a certain intellectual climate and projected on the programme of the Cracow Circle. The latter was formed in the 1930s by few people, well-oriented in traditional philosophy and trained in Polish logic, a logic leading in the world. A further part of the paper emphasizes that the Philosophy Faculty, created at KUL in 1946, drew on to the works of the Cracow Circle. Thomism, in its existential variety, began to dominate at KUL. It was S. Swieżawski and M.A. Krąpiec who initiated this kind of Thomism. The philosophical milieu of KUL, the Lublin School of Philosophy were formed also by S. Kamiński, K. Wojtyła, J. Kalinowski, and M. Kurdziałek. The representatives of the Lublin School encountered the attempts made by the Cracow Circle to renew Thomist philosophy and make it scientific by means of the cognitive tools worked out by contemporary logic. Mainly the works written by Rev. J. Salamucha are under analysis here. The last part of the paper includes the basic theses of the Lublin School concerning the applicability of formal logic to philosophy. There was no complete unanimity about that in the Lublin School. We may speak about a dispute within the Lublin School and a dispute between the Lublin School and the members of the Cracow Circle. It was stressed in the paper that, among other things, the Lublin School has convincingly shown that not every thesis in philosophy must be justified by means of formal proof. It has also been noticed that KUL has created a proper climate for the construction of non-classical logics in the form of the logic of non-extensional functors. And such constructions were in fact made.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 1996, 44, 1; 5-19
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O niektórych rodzajach implikacji
On Certain Kinds of Implications
Autorzy:
Kiczuk, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1918939.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-10-27
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
In the article the main kinds of implications that are known in contemporary logic are characterized. The material implication and the problems connected with it are discussed. Among others, insufficiency of this implication is stressed for expressing unreal conditionals. The strict implication is comprehensively analyzed. Its connections with Philo’s, Diodoros Kronos’ and Chrysippus’ implication are discussed. The strong implication and other ones connected with the relevant logics are briefly characterized. In the article reason are insistently looked for for the appearance of several kinds of implications in logic. The second part of the article discusses implications connected with causal clauses. It briefly presents the results obtained in this field by, among others, S. Jaśkowski, G. H. von Wright and A. W. Burks and gives a critical discussion of them. In the article the author also looks for the conditions that must be met by the implication functor which may be used to adequately formalize conditional causal clauses used in physics and expressed in the notional language. The axioms which characterize such a functor must be true in the physical model of causality.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 1994, 42, 1; 5-35
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Uwagi o systemie logiki formalnej skonstruowanym dla logików nieformalnych
Remarks on the System of Formal Logic Construed for Informal Logicians
Autorzy:
Kiczuk, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2012940.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
funktor prawdziwościowy
logika nieformalna
logika nieklasyczna
klasyczny rachunek zdań
truth-functional operator
informal logic
non-classical logic
classical propositional calculus
Opis:
D. Sherry’s main theses included in his essay entitled “Formal Logic for Informal Logicians” are presented in the article. In a discussion with his theses it is shown that he prefers this kind of logic that has a lot of elements that are the same as in Aristotle’s logic understood as the art of thinking and the technique of discussion taken from Topics, and not the logic that was started in his Prior Analytics. It is also shown that not only patterns of inferring, but also the theses of logic, as well as theses to which no patterns correspond, that are guarantee reliability of inference patterns, may be intuitively obvious. In the article also attention is drawn to the fact that the PL- system of logic presented by Sherry was characterized by him by means of a rather poor logical terminology. In the American author’s argument there are no clear distinctions between the thesis of logic, the logical inference pattern and the rule of the procedure of proving. However, it can be established that the PL- system is constituted by argumentation patterns that are reliable owing to such theses of propositional logic as modus potens, modus tollens, disjunctive syllogism, conjunctive syllogism, complex destructive dilemma, and the two rules concerning creating proofs, i.e. the rule of conditional proof and the rule of reduction to the absurd. In the PL- system there are fewer theses than in the classical propositional calculus, but this has nothing in common with the so-called multivalent logics to which some theses of classical logic supposedly do not apply. Everything suggests that some systems of non-classical logic systems may be built on the PL- system; namely, the ones in which theses are given that govern the correct use of non-extensional operators connected with key terms appearing in many sciences, like e.g. “time”, “change”, “causality”. Sherry’s essay reveals that he is a supporter of the thesis that knowledge of formal logic is necessary for using informal logic efficiently, which is necessary for teaching logic properly.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2010, 58, 1; 95-108
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Logika współczesna a matematyka i filozofia
Contemporary Logic versus Mathematics and Philosophy
Autorzy:
Kiczuk, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2013167.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
logika współczesna
funktor prawdziwościowy
znak negacji
znak alternatywy
implikacja materialna
koniunkcja
modern logic
truth-functional operator
negation sign
disjunction sign
material implication
conjunction
Opis:
The first part of the paper shows two types of the systems of contemporary logic placed in one of J. Bocheński’s works. The second part of the paper contains Bocheński’s theses concerning contemporary logic. They have been shown against the backdrop of the views held by other authors who discussed some kin issues. In order to supplement Bocheński’s considerations a division of functors has been added. They are divided into extensional and non-extensional. Much attention has been devoted to the problems of logical constants that is rarely discussed in learned literature. It has been stressed that at least one of Bocheński’s typologies should basically be changed, having taken into account the remarks in the paper that supplement Bocheński’s analyses. The above issues have been discussed against the backdrop of the question of relations that obtain between contemporary logic, mathematics, and philosophy.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2008, 56, 2; 131-150
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Logika formalna czy logiki formalne?
Formal Logic or Formal Logics?
Autorzy:
Kiczuk, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2013349.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
logika
funktor prawdziwościowy
logika standardowa
logika nieklasyczna
wielowartościowy rachunek zdań
logika klasyczna
logic
truth-functional operator
standard logic
non-classical logic
many-valued propositional calculus
classical logic
Opis:
Apart from putting the theses contained in E. Agazzi’s work Why Is It Logical to Admit Several Logics? in an order and making them more distinct, an attempt is made to draw conclusions from the explicit wordings used by that author. Some theses presented in the text are shown against the views of other authors who discussed analogous problems. In this way, as it seems, modification, completing and elaborating has been possible of wordings that approve of the thesis about the existence of many logics that are contained in the analyzed text. Among others, the article emphasizes that Agazzi’s pronouncements about relations existing between standard logic and intuitionist logic cannot be accepted. Also, several remarks are made about the so-called many-valued logics. Agazzi’s theses that well constructed non-classical logics representing proper contents are necessary for representatives of various branches of knowledge is acceptable.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2007, 55, 1; 129-157
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Logicy i logika a poznanie przyrody
Logicians and Logic on Study of Nature
Autorzy:
Kiczuk, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2013931.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
logika
funktor prawdziwościowy
funktor nieprawdziwościowy
dwuwartościowy rachunek zdań
wielowartościowy rachunek zdań
logic
truth-functional operator
not truth-functional operator
two valued propositional calculus
many-valued propositional calculus
Opis:
Starting from the 1930s logicians tackled problems connected with applicability of logic in natural sciences and in many cases they tried to practically apply logic in these sciences. In the article entitled ‘Logicians and logic on study of nature’ it is stressed that the broadly understood formal logic supplies natural sciences, and especially physics, with a paradigm for a method of ordering theses. It is also shown what application of logic laws to natural sciences consists in, and theses are formulated concerning what the laws of classical propositional calculus state. A lot of attention is devoted to the language of modern and contemporary physics. Modern and contemporary physics uses two languages, i.e. the mathematical language and the so-called notional language. The logic of the former language is classical logical calculus. In connection with the notional language logicians construed a lot of systems of non-classical logics in which laws are given that govern the correct use of non-extensional operators connected with such terms occurring in natural sciences as “time”, “cause”, “change” etc. The language of well construed systems of non-classical logics may serve saving, storing and precise communicating the results obtained on the ground of natural sciences.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2005, 53, 1; 129-142
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O logice modalnej
On Modal Logic
Autorzy:
Kiczuk, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2015670.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
konieczność logiczna
możliwość logiczna
logika modalna
funktor modalny
ścisła implikacja
logical necessity
logical possibility
modal logic
modal operator
strict implication
Opis:
The paper appreciates six conditions which, according to G.E. Hughes and M.J. Cresswell, must be respected by those formal systems which aspire to be systems of modal logic. There are few such systems. The sense of modal functors “it is necessary that,” “it is possible that,” in this type of systems is in no way made precise. The paper undermines the validity of some conditions shown by Hughes and Cresswell. It outlines the way by which to construct a system of modal logic in which the functor of logical necessity and logical possibility would be unambiguously characterised by methods of contemporary logic.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2004, 52, 1; 199-213
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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