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Tytuł:
Study of Stannous-Cerium Oxide Nanocomposites as Nanofilm, Nanodot and Nanorod
Autorzy:
Budhiraja, N
Sharma, A.
Kumar, S.
Kaur, A.
Unikrishnan, N. V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411664.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
nanofilms
Nanowires
nanoparticles
Crystallography
Topography
Opis:
In the present paper, main emphasis is given to synthesize the Stannous-Cerium oxide nanocomposites in nanofilms, nanodots and nanorods by Chemical bath method, Chemical drop method and Chemical rolling Method. These nanocomposite materials are synthesized on a glass substrate at 100 °C temperature. Crystallography investigation of these materials is done by X-ray diffraction (XRD) which reveals that average grain size is 58.9 nm and 62.3 nm for nanofilms and nanodots on glass substrate respectively whereas XRD diffraction for nanorod on glass substrate reveals that material is amorphous in nature.
Źródło:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 14; 69-79
2299-3843
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
High prevalence of household pesticides and their unsafe use in rural South India
Autorzy:
Chitra, Grace A.
Kaur, Prabhdeep
Bhatnagar, Tarun
Manickam, Ponnaiah
Murhekar, Manoj V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2179781.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-04-01
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
household pesticides
mosquito coil
prevalence
cross-sectional survey
Tamil Nadu
India
Opis:
Objective: To estimate the prevalence of usage, unsafe practices and risk perception regarding household pesticides in a rural community of Tamil Nadu, India. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional survey we used a pre-tested questionnaire and trained interviewers to collect information on household pesticide use for the past 6 months from any adult member of randomly selected households. Results: Out of 143 households, 95% used at least one household pesticide (95% CI: 93.5-99.5) and 94% used at least one household pesticide specifically for mosquito control. The most commonly used pesticides were mosquito coils (75%), mosquito liquid vaporizers (36%), ant-killing powder (24%) and moth/naphthalene balls (18%). The major non-chemical methods of pest control were rat traps (12%) and mosquito bed nets (7.5%). Out of the mosquito coil users, 61% kept the windows and doors closed while the coil was burning. Out of the moth ball users, 88% left them in the place of use till they fully vaporized. Nearly half of the users did not know that household pesticides were harmful to their health and the health of their children. Conclusions: The use of household pesticides was highly prevalent in this rural community. The prevalence of unsafe practices while handling them was also high. We recommend that the users of household pesticides be educated about the health hazards and about safe practices and non-chemical methods of pest control be promoted.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2013, 26, 2; 275-282
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Covid-19 and mucormycosis (Black Fungus): An epidemic within the pandemic
Autorzy:
Gambhir, R.S.
Aggarwal, A.
Bhardwaj, A.
Kaur, A.
Sohi, R.K.
Mehta, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2085943.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego. Państwowy Zakład Higieny
Tematy:
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
mucormycosis
India
diabetes
Black fungus
Opis:
The second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic has affected India significantly with country reporting more than 400,000 cases in the month of May 2021 and health system almost collapsing. This was attributed to the new mutant strain also called as the ‘Delta Strain’ which led to high surge of cases across the country. As the country was stabilising over this situation, another imminent threat in the form of Covid Associated Mucormycosis (CAM) challenged the already burdened health system of India. Also called as ‘Black Fungus,’ cases of CAM began to rise rapidly in the last week of May 2021 with multiple states reporting steady rise in the number of cases. Based on the published literature, India contributed to approximately 71% of global cases of CAM from December 2019 to start of April 2021, with majority of the cases occurring during the second wave. The present paper focuses on the epidemic of CAM during the second wave in India highlighting the causes, symptoms and various treatment modalities that have been adopted to cure the disease. Also, spotlight has also been thrown on some other nations where cases of CAM have begun to emerge. Some key recommendations are also mentioned which can prove vital towards disease prevention.
Źródło:
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny; 2021, 72, 3; 239-244
0035-7715
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Attitude and acceptance of Covid-19 vaccine amongst medical and dental fraternity - a questionnaire survey
Autorzy:
Kaur, A.
Kaur, G.
Kashyap, A.
Singh, G.
Singh Sandhu, H.
Khilji, I.
Singh Gambhir, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2086225.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego. Państwowy Zakład Higieny
Tematy:
COVID-19
safety
emergencies
health
vaccines
Opis:
Background. The second wave of Novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2) is proving more disastrous than the first because of the new mutant stains. Under these circumstances, vaccination is the only effective solution that can save millions of lives across the globe. Objectives. The present study was conducted to assess the attitude and acceptance/willingness of health care professionals (medical and dental) towards COVID-19 vaccine. Materials and Methods. An online questionnaire survey was conducted among medical and dental professionals working in different hospitals of two states of India. A total of 520 subjects constituted the final sample size. A self-constructed questionnaire (divided into 2 parts) containing 12 questions was administered to obtain information from the subjects regarding their attitude and willingness towards COVID 19 vaccine. Statistical analysis was done using chi-square test and multiple liner regression analysis. Odds ratio with 95% CI were also generated. Statistical significance was set at p≤0.05. Results. Majority of the subjects (67% of dental and 73% of medical) had full confidence on the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine. Willingness to get vaccinated was shown by 63% of subjects and 65% had positive attitude towards vaccine. Some subjects (45.5% dental and 48.4% medical) showed concern regarding unforeseen effects of the vaccine. Willingness to get vaccinated was 3.45 higher in subjects who were involved in COVID duties. Subjects giving less preference to natural immunity over vaccine showed more willingness (OR: 2.98) towards getting the vaccine. Conclusion. The findings of the study showed that acceptance and attitude of subjects regarding COVID 19 vaccine was suboptimal as there were various factors which contributed towards subjects’ hesitancy to get vaccinated. There is an utmost need to address various issues regarding vaccine safety to promote high uptake.
Źródło:
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny; 2021, 72, 2; 185-191
0035-7715
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Identifying monkeypox: do dental professionals have adequate knowledge and awareness?
Autorzy:
Kaur, A.
Goel, R.
Singh, R.
Bhardwaj, A.
Kumari, R.
Gambhir, R.S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28765560.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego. Państwowy Zakład Higieny
Opis:
Background. The emergence of monkeypox has presented a new challenge for health agencies around the globe. There is significant increase in the number of cases that too in non-endemic countries with more than 18000 cases reported worldwide. Objective. The present study was conducted to assess knowledge and awareness regarding monkeypox among dental professionals. Materials and Method. The present cross-sectional study among 410 subjects who were residing in a northern state of the country. Informed consent was obtained from all the subjects. Study sample was selected on the basis of Systematic random sampling methodology. A self-designed close-ended questionnaire written in English and verified by experts was utilized for the study. The questionnaire was delivered personally to study subjects to collect the required information. Chi-square test and ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. Results. One-fourth (24.8%) of the subjects never heard about monkeypox disease. Negative response was given by 44.8% of subjects regarding resemblance of monkeypox with small pox. Only 31.2% of subjects had knowledge regarding oral manifestations of the disease. High knowledge scores were reported by only 28% of subjects. Higher knowledge levels were significantly related to education level and working profile of study subjects. Online media (Internet) was preferred as the main source to obtain more information by 42.2 of subjects. Conclusion. There was low level of knowledge regarding monkeypox among study subjects. There is an urgent need for dental professionals to keep themselves updated with recent knowledge on new emerging infectious diseases.
Źródło:
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny; 2022, 73, 3; 365-371
0035-7715
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nanoadsorbents for the preconcentration of some toxic substances : a minireview
Autorzy:
Kaur, A.
Saini, S. S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411821.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Solid phase extraction
preconcentration
trace analytes
Opis:
The development of new sorbents and their application in preconcentration methods for determination of trace analytes is subject of great interest. Sample pretreatment methods, such as separation / preconcentration prior to the determination of metal ions have developed rapidly due to the increasing need for accurate and precise measurements at extremely low levels of ions in diverse matrices. This review summarizes and discusses several analytical methods involving the preparation and use of new solid phase extractant. A literature survey of the last ten years offering a critical review of these new sorbents available for use in trace analyte enrichment is provided.
Źródło:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2014, 2; 22-35
2299-3843
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stress-tolerant antagonistic plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria from Zea mays
Autorzy:
Kaur, A.
Devi, S.R.
Vyas, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66648.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
plant disease
biological control
plant health
antagonism
plant growth
Bacillus
maize
Zea mays
stress tolerance
phosphate solubilization
Opis:
Biological control of plant diseases is strongly emerging as an effective alternative to the use of chemical pesticides and fungicides. Stress tolerance is an important attribute in the selection of bacteria for the development of microbial inoculants. Fourteen salt-tolerant bacteria showing different morphological features isolated from the rhizosphere of maize were evaluated for different plant growth-promoting activities. All isolates showed auxin production ranging from 5 to 24 μg ⋅ ml–1 after 48 h incubation in tryptophan supplemented media. Phosphate solubilization ranged from 15 to 419 μg ⋅ ml–1. 1-aminocycloproprane- 1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity was shown by 6 isolates, ammonia production by 9 isolates, siderophore production by 8 isolates while HCN production by 4 isolates. Four bacterial isolates with all plant growth-promoting properties also showed strong antagonistic activities against Fusarium oxysporum, F. verticillioides, Curvularia lunata and Alternaria alternata and abiotic stress tolerance against salinity, temperature, pH and calcium salts. Two selected bacterial isolates significantly enhanced the growth of pea and maize test plants under greenhouse conditions. The bacterial isolate M1B2, which showed the highest growth promotion of test plants, was identified as Bacillus sp. based on phenotypic and 16S rDNA gene sequencing. The results indicated that Bacillus sp. M1B2 is a potential candidate for the development of microbial inoculants in stressful environments.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2018, 58, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Genetic Algorithm for Combined Speaker and Speech Recognition using Deep Neural Networks
Autorzy:
Kaur, G.
Srivastava, M.
Kumar, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/958089.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
deep neural networks
genetic algorithm
LPCC
MFCC
PLP
RASTA-PLP
speaker recognition
speech recognition
Opis:
Huge growth is observed in the speech and speaker recognition field due to many artificial intelligence algorithms being applied. Speech is used to convey messages via the language being spoken, emotions, gender and speaker identity. Many real applications in healthcare are based upon speech and speaker recognition, e.g. a voice-controlled wheelchair helps control the chair. In this paper, we use a genetic algorithm (GA) for combined speaker and speech recognition, relying on optimized Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) speech features, and classification is performed using a Deep Neural Network (DNN). In the first phase, feature extraction using MFCC is executed. Then, feature optimization is performed using GA. In the second phase training is conducted using DNN. Evaluation and validation of the proposed work model is done by setting a real environment, and efficiency is calculated on the basis of such parameters as accuracy, precision rate, recall rate, sensitivity, and specificity. Also, this paper presents an evaluation of such feature extraction methods as linear predictive coding coefficient (LPCC), perceptual linear prediction (PLP), mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) and relative spectra filtering (RASTA), with all of them used for combined speaker and speech recognition systems. A comparison of different methods based on existing techniques for both clean and noisy environments is made as well.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2018, 2; 23-31
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Unique fuzzy optimal value of fully fuzzy linear programming problems
Autorzy:
Kaur, J.
Kumar, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/206342.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Badań Systemowych PAN
Tematy:
fully fuzzy linear programming
unique fuzzy optimal value
fuzzy number
Opis:
Kumar, Kaur and Singh (2011), proposed a new method to find the exact fuzzy optimal solution of fully fuzzy linear programming (FFLP) problems with equality constraints. In this paper, an FFLP problem is chosen to show that the fuzzy optimal value, obtained by using the existing method, is not necessarily a unique fuzzy number i.e., the fuzzy optimal value of the FFLP problem, obtained by the existing method, does not conform to the uniqueness property of fuzzy optimal value. To overcome this shortcoming of the existing method, a new method is proposed for solving FFLP problems with equality constraints. To show the advantage of the proposed method the results of the chosen FFLP problem, obtained by using the existing and the proposed methods, are compared.
Źródło:
Control and Cybernetics; 2012, 41, 2; 497-508
0324-8569
Pojawia się w:
Control and Cybernetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A study on vibration of tapered non-homogeneous rectangular plate with structural parameters
Autorzy:
Kaur, N.
Singhal, A.
Khanna, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/265369.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
wibracje
niejednorodność
gradient termiczny
parametr stożka
vibration
non-homogeneity
thermal gradient
taper parameter
simply supported
aspect ratio
Opis:
Effects of structural parameters on the vibration of a tapered non-homogeneous rectangular plate with different combinations of boundary conditions are discussed. Tapering in the plate is assumed to be sinusoidal in the x-direction. Here, temperature variation and non-homogeneity in the plate material are also considered sinusoidal in the x-direction. The Rayleigh-Ritz method is used to calculate the frequency parameter for the first two modes of vibration for different values of the structural parameters, i.e. the taper parameter, thermal gradient, aspect ratio and non-homogeneity constant. Results are obtained for three boundary conditions, i.e. clamped boundary (C-C-C-C), simply supported boundary (SS-SS-SS-SS) and clamped-simply supported boundary (CSS-C-SS). Numerical values of the frequency parameter are given in a compact tabular form.
Źródło:
International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering; 2018, 23, 4; 873-884
1734-4492
2353-9003
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A modified ranking approach for solving fuzzy critical path problems with LR flat fuzzy numbers
Autorzy:
Kaur, P.
Kumar, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/206258.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Badań Systemowych PAN
Tematy:
fuzzy critical path problems
ranking function
LR fuzzy numbers
LR flat fuzzy numbers
Opis:
There are several fuzzy critical path methods for solving fuzzy critical path problems in which ranking approaches are used for comparing fuzzy numbers. In this paper, it is shown that if the existing ranking approaches are used for solving such fuzzy critical path problems in which duration times of activities are represented by LR flat fuzzy numbers, then more than one fuzzy numbers, representing the fuzzy project completion time, are ob- tained and a new ranking approach for comparing LR flat fuzzy numbers is proposed. Also, it is proved that if the proposed rank- ing approach is used for solving fuzzy critical path problems then a unique fuzzy number, representing the fuzzy project completion time, is obtained.
Źródło:
Control and Cybernetics; 2012, 41, 1; 171-190
0324-8569
Pojawia się w:
Control and Cybernetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey
Autorzy:
Kochhar, A.
Kaur, P.
Singh, P.
Sharma, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/958098.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
cross-layer
Medium Access Control
protocols
Wireless Sensor Networks
Opis:
This paper presents a survey on the MAC and network layer of Wireless Sensor Networks. Performance requirements of the MAC layer are explored. MAC layer protocols for battery-powered networks and energy harvesting-based networks are discussed and compared. A detailed discussion on design constraints and classification of routing protocols is presented. Several routing protocols are compared in terms of such parameters as: energy consumption, scalability, network lifetime and mobility. Problems that require future research are presented. The cross-layer approach for WSNs is also surveyed.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2018, 1; 77-87
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spectral fingerprinting revealed modulation of plant secondary metabolites in providing abiotic stress tolerance to invasive alien plants Lantana camara (L.), Parthenium hysterophorous (L.), Ricinus communis (L.), and Ageratum conyzoides (L.) (plant metabolites in stress tolerance to invasive plants)
Autorzy:
Sharma, A.D.
Kaur, J.
Chand, T.S.P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2096781.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
chemical fingerprinting
invasiveness
lipid peroxidation
secondary metabolites
Opis:
Invasive alien species are non-native plant species that displace native species and pose adverse effects to environment, ecosystem, economy, and human health by diminishing the growth of native plants and by exhibiting higher stress tolerance. In our present study, four invasive alien species, namely Lantana camara, Parthenium hysterophorous, Ricinus communis, and Ageratum conyzoides, were studied from different locations. Plants growing under natural environmental conditions were sampled at random in the vicinity of Jalandhar. To gain insights into the biochemical basis of invasiveness of these plants, the samples were subjected to chemical fingerprinting by using UV-Vis, fluorescent, and Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) techniques under natural abiotic stress conditions (moderate and hot conditions). Indices of oxidative stress, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), were also studied. MDA levels were enhanced under hot conditions. Elevated peaks (major and minor) were observed in UV fingerprinting during adverse abiotic conditions. Fluorescent spectroscopy also validated the enhanced levels of secondary metabolites. FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of alkaloids and phenolics during stress conditions. Peaks were identified as rutin, vanillic acid, ascorbic acid, and glutathione reduced. The obtained results showed that under stressful conditions, the studied plants may produce an increased level of metabolites that might play a role in minimizing the oxidative stress faced by these plants. It was concluded that the studied plants, namely P. hysterophorus, L. camara, R. communis, and A. conyzoides, have the potential to cope with abiotic stress such as high temperature, which could be the reason for their invasiveness and vast adaptability.
Źródło:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology; 2021, 102, 3; 307-319
0860-7796
Pojawia się w:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sustainable deployment of crushed concrete aggregates strengthened with cement and sand
Autorzy:
Sharma, V.
Kumar, A.
Kaur, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2201120.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Komputerowej Nauki o Materiałach i Inżynierii Powierzchni w Gliwicach
Tematy:
sustainability
crushed concrete aggregate
cement
sand
compaction
CBR
multiple regression
zrównoważony rozwój
kruszywo betonowe
piasek
zagęszczanie
regresja wielokrotna
Opis:
Purpose: Paper assessed the feasibility of crushed concrete aggregates (CCA), a subsidiary of construction and demolition (C&D) waste, blended with cement and sand to form a composite for civil engineering field applications. Design/methodology/approach: The compaction and strength characteristics of CCA were observed by conducting Proctor compaction and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests. Different proportions of CCA, sand and cement were used. Moreover, the effect of curing period (0, 4, 7, 14 and 28 days) was also studied. In addition, regression analyses were performed to develop empirical expressions to predict the compaction and strength characteristics of the CCA composite. Findings: Increasing the CCA content up to 50% increases the maximum dry unit weight (MDUW) and decreases the optimum moisture content (OMC). However, on further increasing its content the MDUW decreases and OMC increases. Percent increase in the CBR value can go up to 412% if the CCA content is increased up to 50%. However, the percent reduction in CBR of about 20% can take place if 100% CCA content is used. Moreover, multiple regression shows that the experimental results are in good agreement with the predicted values. Research limitations/implications: The results obtained are purely dependent on the type of material. However, they are in favour of the used material as a probable option for road sub-base layer, and also for reducing burden on available natural resources. Therefore, it is recommended to conduct some initial tests to confirm the feasibility of the material. Practical implications: The proposed study will guide the design Engineers to choose CCA as one of the potential materials for road construction. Originality/value: It was observed that there is a need to maximize the utilization of C&D waste without making any compromise with its mechanical properties. So keeping that in view, the present study was conducted.
Źródło:
Archives of Materials Science and Engineering; 2022, 113, 1; 19--34
1897-2764
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Materials Science and Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigations on Chemical, Thermal Decomposition Behavior, Kinetics, Reaction Mechanism and Thermodynamic Properties of Aged TATB
Autorzy:
Singh, A.
Kaur, G.
Sarkar, C.
Mukherjee, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/357970.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene
thermal decomposition
kinetics
thermodynamics
Opis:
1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) is a kind of insensitive high explosive that can be used as an energetic material in nuclear weapon and space applications. In this work, we have studied the effect of aging on the properties of TATB from a 20 year old lot that had been in direct contact with casing and natural environment conditions. The kinetics was studied using the temperature at the maximum reaction rate (peak) and isoconversional methods from TGA and DTA data obtained at five heating rates under a nitrogen atmosphere. The properties investigated for thermal stability indicate that there is no change in the properties during prolonged exposure in natural environment conditions. The activation energy calculated by the Kissinger method was 179.9 kJ·mol−1 by DTG and the 176.9 kJ·mol−1 by DTA. The experimental results of kinetic analysis obtained by isoconversional methods are in good agreement and very close to each other. In the analysis of reaction mechanisms, the reaction models could be probably best described by a surface contraction mechanism using the Coats-Redfern and Criado methods. The thermodynamic parameters such as Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy of activation were also investigated. The self-accelerating decomposition temperature (TSADT) and critical temperature for thermal explosion (Tb) were also calculated.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2018, 15, 2; 258-282
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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