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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Electoral System of the Republic of Belarus after 25 Years of Independence
    Autorzy:
    Kuleszewicz, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/594530.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Tematy:
    Belarus
    elections
    Lukashenka
    constitution
    president
    parliament
    democracy
    Opis:
    This paper aims to present a case study analysis of the condition of the electoral system in the Republic of Belarus after more than a quarter of a century of independence. The main purpose of the paper is to explain the discrepancies between legislation and practice. The author intended to note a real situation that dominates the country’s political scene in comparison to theoretical establishments. A Constitution of the Republic (created in 1994, with minor changes in 1996 and 2004) is the legal ground of the electoral system, however, procedural details were drawn up in the Electoral Code. The principles of Belarusian electoral code consist of some statements known from democratic models, such as universal suffrage, direct suffrage, secret ballot and equality. There are different types of elections in Belarus but the most important ones are presidential and parliamentary elections. Despite the detailed legal rules for conducting these elections, in fact, the principles of democracy, as well as the internal rules in Belarus, are not respected. Both presidential and parliamentary elections have shown this in recent years. Independent observers for a long time have been alarming about worrying electoral practices in Belarus. It is also worth emphasizing that since 1994, one man has been in power uninterruptedly, and Parliament has in fact a symbolic function. In the source materials, the author used Belarusian legal acts, analyses and reports, press notes as well as scientific papers.
    Źródło:
    Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2018, 4 (47); 618-627
    0208-7375
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Political Science Yearbook
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Between Russia and the West: Belarus as a Challenge for European Stability and Security
    Autorzy:
    Kuleszewicz, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/594859.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Tematy:
    Belarus;
    NATO;
    Russia;
    security;
    ZAPAD-2017;
    Poland;
    Lukashenko
    Opis:
    This paper aims to explain that the stable situation of Belarus is important for Western Europe and why any fluctuations may present a challenge for European integrity and stability. Belarus, since the beginning of its independence in 1991 seems to show a great willingness to cooperate closely with Russia, claiming Western Europe and NATO as a potential enemy. In reality, the Belarusian position is much more complicated and ambiguous. Despite it’s close military cooperation with Russia, different tensions between Minsk and Moscow regularly happen and Belarusian authorities are still looking for new foreign partners and new energy suppliers (what was clearly visible in the last months of 2016 and the first period of 2017). Russia, old Belarusian partner, may actually even pose a threat for Belarus, so the country’s authorities have a hard challenge to maintain its stability. Western countries may be open for a new chapter of cooperation with Minsk but any rapid changes in Belarusian foreign preferences may result in unpredictable results and Moscow reaction that – in turn – would be very challenging for the whole European stability and security.
    Źródło:
    Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2017, 1 (46); 91-101
    0208-7375
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Political Science Yearbook
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    17 WRZEŚNIA 1939 ROKU NA KRESACH WSCHODNICH W PROPAGANDZIE RADZIECKIEJ ORAZ WE WSPÓŁCZESNYM SPOJRZENIU POLAKÓW I BIAŁORUSINÓW
    SOVIET AGRESSION TO POLAND OF SEPTEMBER 17, 1939 IN A SOVIET PROPAGANDA AND IN THE CONTEMPORARY COUNCIOUSNESS OF POLES AND BELARUSIANS
    Autorzy:
    KULESZEWICZ, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/909325.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-06-27
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    Soviet Union
    Belarus
    Po land
    Propaganda
    Second World War
    Sov i e t aggression
    international relations
    Opis:
    On September 17, 1939, on the strength of the Ribbentrop-Molotov Pact established on August 23, 1939, Soviet troops carried out armed aggression on the Second Polish Republic without official declaration of war. As a result – Polish territories were divided between Germany and the USSR: the eastern territories of the country were influenced by the Kremlin and part of the eastern territories of the Second Polish Republic was incorporated into the Belorusian Soviet Socialist Republic. All war and aggressive activities required not only a deliberate military plan, but also the preparation of an appropriate propaganda ground: propaganda was a tool for creating the necessary background among the masses of the population and on the international arena. Propaganda was used by both the Polish and the Soviet sides: before, during and after the war. Before the war, Poles focused more on Nazi Germans, although some circles of the intelligentsia showed great interest in Soviet Russia. As for current awareness and official interpretation in relation to the events of September 17, 1939, they are considered an act of aggression. Propaganda has always been a strong weapon in the hands of the Soviets. Using this tool, they tried to create a ground and “justify” the aggression against Poland, a myth about the necessity of freeing the oppressed Ukrainians and Belarusians was invented, repeated until the collapse of the USSR. Currently, it is still possible to observe suchan interpretation in Belarus, although the situation is slowly changing, aiming at the recognition of historical truth.
    Źródło:
    Historia@Teoria; 2018, 1, 7; 149-165
    2450-8047
    Pojawia się w:
    Historia@Teoria
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Aleś Puszkin — czołowa postać białoruskiej awangardy?
    Autorzy:
    Kuleszewicz, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915772.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-07-31
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    avant-garde
    Ales Pushkin
    Belarus
    Vitebsk
    performance
    Belarusian modern art
    Opis:
    Avant-garde, a rebellious band of new trends and tendencies in art that appeared in the early 20th century, lasted for years being transformed, yielding the new forms of expression. It is also a trend of art most often associated with contemporaryBelarusian art (partially due to “school of Vitebsk”, Marc Chagall and Kazimir Malevich), still enjoying popularity in the country. One of the most recognizable Belarusian artistsis Ales Pushkin, born in 1965 in Bobr, associated with the Achremczuk’s National Schoolof Music and the Arts in Minsk and Vitebsk artistic environment. Pushkin is known for his indomitable, rebellious attitude towards the state regime. For many observers, art amateurs and even art critics, the character of his work immediately resembles avant-garde. However, as some researchers noted, Pushkins’ art enters a new dimension,paving the way towards new horizons of contemporary (avant-garde?) art of Belarus.
    Źródło:
    Kultury Wschodniosłowiańskie – Oblicza i Dialog; 2017, 7; 87-98
    2391-470X
    Pojawia się w:
    Kultury Wschodniosłowiańskie – Oblicza i Dialog
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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