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    Tytuł:
    Cyclitols in maturing grains of wheat, triticale and barley
    Autorzy:
    Lahuta, L.B.
    Goszczynska, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/58624.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
    Tematy:
    cyclitol
    maturing grain
    grain
    wheat
    triticale
    barley
    D-chiro-inositol
    D-pinitol
    carbohydrate
    raffinose
    kestose
    Opis:
    In the present study, the feeding of stem-flag leaf-ear explants of wheat, triticale and barley with d-chiro-inositol and d-pinitol was used for modification of the composition of soluble carbohydrates in grains without genetic transformation of plants. Maturing grains indicated ability to uptake exogenously applied cyclitols, not occurring naturally in cereal plants, and synthesized their a-d-galactosides. The pattern of changes in soluble carbohydrates during grain maturation and germination was not disturbed by the uptake and accumulation of cyclitols. Both, d-chiro-inositol and d-pinitol as well as their a-d-galactosides can be an additional pool of soluble carbohydrates accumulated by maturing grains, without decreasing seeds viability. This is the first report indicating the possibility of introduction of cyclitols with potentially human health benefits properties into cereal grains.
    Źródło:
    Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2010, 79, 3
    0001-6977
    2083-9480
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Inhibition of raffinose family oligosaccharides and galactosyl pinitols breakdown delays germination of winter vetch [Vicia villosa Roth.] seeds
    Autorzy:
    Lahuta, L B
    Goszczynska, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/59053.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
    Tematy:
    legume seed
    seed
    Vicia villosa
    vetch
    winter vetch
    galactosyl pinitol
    germination
    raffinose family oligosaccharide
    Opis:
    Beside RFOs, which are commonly present in legume seeds, seeds of some species contain galactosyl pinitols (GPs). These carbohydrates, like RFOs, have been hypothesized to constitute an important energy and carbon skeletal source during germination. To test this hypothesis we have applied a specific α-galactosidase inhibitor (1-deoxygalactonojirimycin, DGJ) to germinating winter vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.) seeds, containing more galactosyl pinitols than RFOs. The breakdown of RFOs but not that of GPs was completely blocked in both embryonic axes and cotyledons tissues, during the first 18 h of imbibition in DGJ. The inhibitor only decreased the rate of GPs degradation. The inhibitory effect of DGJ on GPs degradation was partially alleviated by addition of sucrose or galactose to DGJ solutions. After three days of germination in water, RFOs and GPs disappeared in axial tissues of seeds imbibed in water, galactose or sucrose. Eighteen-hour imbibition of seeds in DGJ drastically reduced germination, by ca 50%, during the first three days. The inhibitory effect of DGJ decreased during the next seven days of germination. The presence of galactose or sucrose in imbibition solution initially stimulated seed germination, but later this effect was not statistically significant. Our study provides clear evidence that galactosyl pinitols play an important role in early winter vetch seeds germination. Additionally, we suggest that galactosyl pinitols can replace RFOs as reserve material necessary for early germination.
    Źródło:
    Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2009, 78, 3; 203-208
    0001-6977
    2083-9480
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Seed alpha-D-galactosides of selected Vicia species and enzymes involved in their biosynthesis
    Autorzy:
    Lahuta, L B
    Goszczynska, J.
    Horbowicz, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19903.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Opis:
    We compared the soluble carbohydrate composition of seeds of ten wild and cultivated species of the genus Vicia. In some Vicia species (V. angustifolia, V. grandiflora, V. sativa, V. sepium) they contained only raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) and in others also D-pinitol and its α-D-galactosides. In terms of galactosyl pinitol composition they were divided into three groups: those accumulating small amounts of mono-, di-, tri-galactosyl pinitol A (GPA, ciceritol and TGPA, respectively) and unknown compound (V. sylvatica and V. hirsuta); those accumulating more ciceritol than TGPA (V. tetrasperma and V. villosa); and those accumulating more TGPA than ciceritol (V. cracca and V. tenuifolia). The differences in the activity of galactosyltransferases engaged in RFOs and galactosyl pinitol synthesis confirmed this classification. Seeds of V. angustifolia, naturally accumulating only RFOs, showed an ability to accumulate exogenously applied D-pinitol or D-chiro-inositol and to form the respective α-D-galactosyl cyclitols. Levels of synthesized galactosides depended on the type and concentration of cyclitol in the feeding solution, and seed maturation stage. However, even a high level of D-pinitol or D-chiro-inositol in the feeding solution caused accumulation of only small amounts of mono- and di-galactosyl pinitols, or tri-galactosyl D-chiro-inositol in seeds of V. angustifolia. Enhanced synthesis of galactosyl cyclitols, mainly mono- and di-galactosides of D-chiro-inositol (fagopyritols), clearly reduced production of verbascose. We suggest that exogenously applied free cyclitols inhibit biosynthesis of tri- and di-galactosides and/or cause substrate competition in enzymes of Vicia species.
    Źródło:
    Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica; 2010, 52, 1; 27-35
    0001-5296
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Exogenously applied D-pinitol and D-chiro-inositol modifies the accumulation of alpha-D-galactosides in developing tiny vetch [Vicia hirsuta [L.] S.F.Gray] seeds
    Autorzy:
    Lahuta, L B
    Horbowicz, M.
    Gojlo, E.
    Goszczynska, J.
    Gorecki, R.J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/56915.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
    Tematy:
    stachyose
    plant physiology
    D-chiro-inositol
    D-pinitol
    alpha-D-galactoside
    raffinose
    Vicia hirsuta
    galactinol synthase
    tiny vetch
    verbascose
    seed
    Opis:
    In the present study we have investigated the effect of exogenous cyclitols on the accumulation of their galactosides and raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs), as well as on some enzymes important for their biosynthesis in seeds of tiny vetch (Vicia hirsuta [L.] S.F. Gray). Immature seeds during 6-day incubation with D-chiro-inositol (naturally does not appear in seeds of tiny vetch) were accumulated cyclitol and its galactosides (fagopyritols: B1 and B2). Short 4-hour incubation with D-chiro-inositol, and subsequent slow desiccation process caused accumulation of free cyclitol only, without biosynthesis of its galactosides. Feeding D-chiro-inositol to pods of tiny vetch induced accumulation of high levels of its galactosides (fagopyritol B1, B2 and B3) in maturing seeds. Similarly, feeding D-pinitol increased accumulation of its mono-, di- and tri-galactosides: GPA, GPB, DGPA and TGPA in tiny vetch seed. Accumulation of both cyclitols and their galactosides drastically reduced accumulation of verbascose. Inhibition of RFOs biosynthesis by elevated levels of free cyclitols suggests some competition between formation of both types of galactosides and similarity of both biosynthetic routes in tiny vetch seeds. Galactinol synthase (GolS) from tiny vetch seeds demonstrated ability to utilize D-chiro-inositol as galactosyl acceptor, instead of myo-inositol. Presence of both cyclitols, as substrates for GolS, caused synthesis of their galactosides: fagopyritol B1 and galactinol. However, formation of galactinol was more efficient than fagopyritol B1. D-chiro-Inositol and D-pinitol at concentrations several-fold higher than myo-inositol had inhibitory effect on GolS. Thus, we suggest that a level of free cyclitols can have an influence on the rate of galactinol biosynthesis and further accumulation of RFOs and galactosyl cyclitols in tiny vetch seeds.
    Źródło:
    Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2005, 74, 4
    0001-6977
    2083-9480
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Określenie rysy na potrzeby analizy wyników badania procesu powstawania i rozwoju rys w belkach żelbetowych z zastosowaniem systemu Aramis
    Defining the crack for the analysis of the crack occurrence and development in the reinforced-concrete beams using the Aramis system
    Autorzy:
    Goszczyńska, B.
    Tworzewska, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/163340.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polski Związek Inżynierów i Techników Budownictwa
    Tematy:
    belka żelbetowa
    zginanie
    obciążenie
    powstawanie rys
    badanie
    system badawczy
    Aramis
    skaner 3D
    moment rysujący
    szerokość rysy
    reinforced concrete beam
    bending
    load
    cracking
    testing
    testing system
    3D scanner
    cracking moment
    crack width
    Opis:
    W pracy podjęto próbę określenia rysy (pęknięcia betonu) w badaniach belek żelbetowych, w których pomiary wykonano z zastosowaniem systemu Aramis. W tym celu wykonano analizę uzyskanych z badań szerokości rys przy obciążeniu odpowiadającemu momentowi rysującemu, który oszacowany został na podstawie sześciu wzorów wynikających z różnego podejścia do tej silnie losowo zmiennej wielkości. Analizę oparto na wynikach przeprowadzonych badań belek żelbetowych obciążonych dwiema siłami skupionymi w sposób monotoniczny do zniszczenia. Ustalono, iż średnia wartość szerokości rysy odpowiadająca momentowi rysującemu wynosi 0,05 mm, co pozwoliło na określenie rysy jako lokalnego odkształcenia powierzchni belki (tak interpretowane jest pęknięcie powierzchni betonu przy zastosowaniu systemu Aramis) równej co najmniej 0,05 mm. Przyjęto, że mniejsze odkształcenia związane są z mikrorysami.
    The paper attempts to define the crack in the reinforced-concrete beams measured using the Aramis system. The authors analysed the crack width values at the load corresponding to the cracking moment (estimated on the basis of six formulas resulting from various approach to this strongly random value). The analysis was based on the results of tests of the R-C beams to which two forces are applied in the monotonic way until destruction. It was determined that the average crack width corresponding to the cracking moment is 0.05 mm which allows to define the crack as a local strain of the beam surface (this ids the interpretation of the concrete surface crack when using the Aramis system) equal to at least 0.05 mm. It was assumed that lesser strains are related to microcracks.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Budowlany; 2014, R. 85, nr 12, 12; 44-49
    0033-2038
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Budowlany
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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