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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Changes in soil quality associated with tillage system applied
    Autorzy:
    Gajda, A.M.
    Przewloka, B.
    Gawryjolek, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24340.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
    Opis:
    The aim of this research was to evaluate changes in soil quality associated with the tillage system applied with chosen parameters of soil biological properties. The long-term field experiments were located at a private farm in Rogów (Zamooeæ region, E Poland) on a silt soil and at the Experimental Station in Laskowice (Wroc³aw region, S-W Poland) on a sandy loam soil. Soil samples were collected from 0-15 and 15-30 cm layers. Winter wheat was grown under traditional, reduced and no-tillage systems. The analyses included estimations of microbial biomass C and N content, microbial respiration rate, activity of dehydrogenase and arylsulfatase, and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis. After eight years the effects of tillage on both soils were clearly noticed. In general, the less disturbing tillage systems enhanced the increase of soil biological activity by 15-40%, on average, than conventional tillage system. The significant correlations between microbial biomass, and/or enzyme activities with total organic C content indicate that concentration of organic C in soil environment plays an extremely important role in enhancing the stabilization and activity of soil microorganisms, and protection of an extracellular enzymes. The studied parameters of soil biological activity showed their sensitivity to tillage applied and may be considered as an useful indicators of soil quality in monitoring all conditions alter soil environment.
    Źródło:
    International Agrophysics; 2013, 27, 2
    0236-8722
    Pojawia się w:
    International Agrophysics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Czy białko może być obecne w glebie nawet 20 lat? Ocena zawartości ogólnych i łatwoekstrahowalnych glomalin w archiwalnych próbach glebowych
    Can soil proteins be present in the soil even 20 years? Assessment of total and easy extractable glomalin contents in archival samples of soil
    Autorzy:
    Galazka, A.
    Gawryjolek, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/797972.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
    Opis:
    Glomaliny to glikorpoteiny grzybowe, które są wyjątkowo odporne na degradację (obecne w glebie nawet od 10 do 30 lat) oraz trudno rozpuszczalne w wodzie. Celem niniejszej pracy była ocena zawartości ogólnych i łatwoekstrahowalnych glomalin w archiwalnych próbkach glebowych. Do badań wybrano 15 próbek glebowych z doświadczeń polowych z 1994 roku dotyczących uprawy jęczmienia jarego. Badane gleby pochodziły z różnych regionów Polski oraz reprezentowały różne typy gleb. Gleby charakteryzowały się także dużym zróżnicowaniem właściwości fizykochemicznych i biologicznych. Przeprowadzone w niniejszej pracy badania wykazały obecność glomalin we wszystkich próbkach glebowych. Stężenie ogólnych i łatwoekstrahowalnych glomalin zależało głównie od typu gleby. Obecność glomalin w badanych glebach potwierdza hipotezę, iż białka te są szczególnie odporne na degradację i mogą pozostać w niezmienionej formie w glebie przez wiele lat.
    Glomalines are thermostable, water-insoluble glycoproteins abundantly produced by Glomus fungi and tends to accumulate in the soil, that surrounds soil aggregates and protects them from destroying. Glomalines are especially resistant to destruction, hard to dissolve in water, while very easy dissolve in high temperature (121°C) in citrate buffer with neutral or alkali pH. These proteins have very unique physico-chemical properties performing a fundamental role in making soil structure. The content of glomalin in soil particles is significantly correlated with their stability (water resistance). It is possible that glomalin is involved in the formation of hydrophobic properties of soil, improving water and air relations in soil. Glomalines are mainly located on the surface of hyphae and spores of AM (arbuscular mycorrhizal) fungi and a hydrophobic substances covers and protects it from the degradation by other microorganisms. It also increases the stiffness and the durability of the cell of fungi facilitating their distribution in the soil. Production and distribution of glomalin in soil involves many factors, both related to the physico-chemical properties of soil and plant and fungal species. The structure of soil and its chemical properties have a significant effect on the growth of mycelium, and therefore the glomalin content. Glomalins are very resistant to degradation. As aging hyphae outside the root and the roots of plants, biomass mycelium of AMF fungi is degraded – but not glomalin. This protein is unchanged is able to survive in the soil even decades. Glomalins commonly occur in different types of soils. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the presence of total and easy extractable glomalins in archival samples of soil from the collection of soil Department of Microbiology IUNG-PIB in Puławy. The study selected 20 soil samples from field trials in 1994 with the cultivation of barley. The soil samples survey from various Polish regions and represented different types of soils. Soils were characterized by different physical, chemical and biological properties. The studies carried out in this paper have shown the contents of glomalin in all soil samples. The concentration of total and easily extracted glomalin depend mainly on the type of soil. The presence of glomalin in soils confirms the hypothesis that these proteins are particularly resistant to degradation and can remain unchanged in the soil even decades.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych; 2016, 587
    0084-5477
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evaluation of the content of phenolic acids and their antioxidant activity in winter cereal seeds
    Autorzy:
    Gałązka, A.
    Gawryjołek, K.
    Żuchowski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/963879.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
    Opis:
    Grains of three cultivars of each cereal: winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. – Tonacja, Bogatka, Satyna), winter rye (Secale cereae L. – Stanko, Dańkowskie Złote, Amilo) and winter barley (Hordeum sativum L. – Laverola, Mertada, Merk) were examined. In addition, phenolic acids were identified in these grains, and the content of the identified acids, i.e. ferulic, vanillic, p-coumaric, protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic, syringic, sinapic and caffeic, was determined. The antioxidant properties of phenolic acids were examined using the free radical scavenging method against a stable 2.2-diphenyl-1-pikrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH). The antiradical efficiency of phenolic acids depended on the duration of a reaction and genotype-specific properties. The data showed that different winter cereal seed extracts were able to quench 15-47% of DPPH radical solution and to exhibit potent radical scavenging activity. Results of the determinations of the content of phenolic acids in grains of the cultivars correlated with the activity of their extracts. The tested cereal grains were characterized by different levels of the identified phenolic acids, depending on the generic and specific characteristics. Differences in the content of phenolic acids may be subject to genetic traits, environmental factors and different analytical procedures. Cereal kernels with a higher phenolic acid content also exhibited a higher antioxidant activity of extracts with these compounds. Kernels of winter barley cv. Metaxa with a higher content of phenolic acids were also characterized by higher antioxidant activity than those of cvs. Merle and Laverola. The lowest content of phenolic acids was observed in winter rye cv. Stanko. 5-day seedlings showed a statistically significant increase in phenolic acids (ferulic, p-coumaric, protocatechuic, p-syringic, sinapic and caffeic) and the high antioxidant activity. Winter cereal seed extracts were able to quench 15-47% of DPPH radical solution and exhibited potent radical scavenging activity.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Elementology; 2017, 22, 2
    1644-2296
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Elementology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evaluation of the content of phenolic acids and their antioxidant activity in winter cereal seeds
    Autorzy:
    Gałązka, A.
    Gawryjołek, K.
    Żuchowski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1190184.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
    Tematy:
    antioxidant activity
    DPPH·
    early stage germination
    phenolic acids
    winter barley
    winter rye
    winter wheat
    Opis:
    Grains of three cultivars of each cereal: winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. – Tonacja, Bogatka, Satyna), winter rye (Secale cereae L. – Stanko, Dańkowskie Złote, Amilo) and winter barley (Hordeum sativum L. – Laverola, Mertada, Merk) were examined. In addition, phenolic acids were identified in these grains, and the content of the identified acids, i.e. ferulic, vanillic, p-coumaric, protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic, syringic, sinapic and caffeic, was determined. The antioxidant properties of phenolic acids were examined using the free radical scavenging method against a stable 2.2-diphenyl-1-pikrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH). The antiradical efficiency of phenolic acids depended on the duration of a reaction and genotype-specific properties. The data showed that different winter cereal seed extracts were able to quench 15-47% of DPPH radical solution and to exhibit potent radical scavenging activity. Results of the determinations of the content of phenolic acids in grains of the cultivars correlated with the activity of their extracts. The tested cereal grains were characterized by different levels of the identified phenolic acids, depending on the generic and specific characteristics. Differences in the content of phenolic acids may be subject to genetic traits, environmental factors and different analytical procedures. Cereal kernels with a higher phenolic acid content also exhibited a higher antioxidant activity of extracts with these compounds. Kernels of winter barley cv. Metaxa with a higher content of phenolic acids were also characterized by higher antioxidant activity than those of cvs. Merle and Laverola. The lowest content of phenolic acids was observed in winter rye cv. Stanko. 5-day seedlings showed a statistically significant increase in phenolic acids (ferulic, p-coumaric, protocatechuic, p-syringic, sinapic and caffeic) and the high antioxidant activity. Winter cereal seed extracts were able to quench 15-47% of DPPH radical solution and exhibited potent radical scavenging activity.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Elementology; 2017, 22, 2; 593-605
    1644-2296
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Elementology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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