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Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14
Tytuł:
Wpływ przepisów epizodycznych na praktykę specustaw
Impact of episodical provisions on the practice of special bills
Autorzy:
Gajewski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31339082.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Tematy:
Incidental legislation
episodical provisions
special bills
Principles of Legislative Drafting
lawmaking
legislacja incydentalna
przepisy epizodyczne
specustawa
Zasady Techniki Prawodawczej
prawotwórstwo
Opis:
Celem niniejszej publikacji jest analiza wpływu wprowadzenia przepisów epizodycznych do Zasad techniki prawodawczej w 2015 roku na praktykę tzw. specustaw. Na potrzeby badań przyjęto, że specustawa jest to ustawa wprowadzająca stan nadzwyczajny w systemie prawa przez zawieszenie obowiązywania przepisów prawnych zawartych w aktach normatywnych ogłoszonych w dzienniku urzędowym i niederogowanych. Definicja ta jest bardzo bliska przepisom epizodycznym, różni się jedynie brakiem wymogu tymczasowości odstępstwa. Posługując się metodą dogmatycznoprawną i prostymi metodami statystycznymi, przeprowadzono analizę liczby uchwalonych specustaw w poszczególnych kadencjach Sejmu, rozkładu wnioskodawców oraz przyrostu liczbowego specustaw poszczególnych typów (np. inwestycyjne, pomoc podmiotom strategicznym). Analiza doprowadziła do wniosku, że wprowadzenie przepisów epizodycznych do Zasad techniki prawodawczej nie ograniczyło w żaden sposób praktyki specustaw, a wręcz przyczyniło się do jej rozwoju, o czym świadczy chociażby decyzja o skoncentrowaniu ustawodawstwa, którego celem jest walka z pandemią COVID-19, właśnie w specustawie, która opiera się na przepisach epizodycznych.
This paper aims to show the impact of amending Principles of Legislative Drafting in 2015 by adding episodical provisions on the previous practice of the so-called special-bills. For the purpose of research, a special bill was defined as a bill that introduced extraordinary conditions in the Polish system of law by suspending (more or less precisely) functioning of existing (and not derogated) provisions. This definition is close to the legal definition of episodical provisions with only one difference – it doesn’t require a special bill to be temporary. By using formal legal dogmatic method, basic statistical methods, the paper conducted analysis of numbers of introduced special bills in particular terms of Polish Sejm, distribution of initiators of legislative process of special bills and growth of particular types of special bills, such as special investment bills or aid for strategic entities bills. These analyses led to the conclusion that introduction of episodical provisions in Principles of Legislative Drafting didn’t limit special bills practice in any way – on the contrary, it may be argued that it contributed to their expansion. The best example of the growth in importance of special bills is the fact that the Polish legislator decided that whole legislation aimed at fighting COVID-19 pandemic will be based on a special bill which contains numerous episodical provisions.
Źródło:
Acta Iuris Stetinensis; 2022, 38; 77-91
2083-4373
2545-3181
Pojawia się w:
Acta Iuris Stetinensis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Increase in the expression of muscarnic cholinergic receptors in isolated, neonatal rat cardiac myocytes treated with potassium cyanide
Autorzy:
Gajewski, Michał
Laskowska-Bożek, Hanna
Maśliński, Sławomir
Ryżewski, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1045720.pdf
Data publikacji:
1991
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 1991, 38, 1; 61-65
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gender differences and relationships between upper extremity muscle strength, lower limb power and shuttle velocity in forehand smash and jump smash in badminton
Autorzy:
Ferreira, Anna
Górski, Michał
Gajewski, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27324102.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
biomechanics
shuttlecock speed
technique
badminton players
performance
biomechanika
prędkość lotki
technika
gracze w badmintona
wydajność
Opis:
The aim of the study was to investigate the relationships between shuttlecock velocity during a badminton forehand smash with and without jump (VmaxWJ and VmaxNJ), strength of upper limb muscles, vertical jump height and to analyze differences in these parameters for each gender. Methods: The study examined members of the Polish National Badminton Team seven women and seven men. A special torque meter was used to assess the strength of the upper limb muscles. Vertical jumps were performed on an AMTI force plate. Shuttlecock velocity was measured using Vicon motion capture system. Results: Differences between the right and left limbs were observed in all muscle groups except shoulder flexion for both genders. The results of all measured parameters: torques, height of countermovement and spike jump (HACMJ, HCMJ, HSPJ), VmaxWJ and VmaxNJ, were greater for men than for women. No statistically significant differences were found between VmaxWJ (men: 83.27 ± 4.83 m/s; women: 67.57 ± 4.21 m/s) and VmaxNJ (men: 84.19 ± 6.05 m/s; women: 69.70 ± 6.53 m/s) within the same gender. Positive correlations were found between both HCMJ and HSPJ regarding VmaxWJ in men; the height of shuttlecock impact in jump smash (HWJ) and HSPJ in women; proving the importance of jumping ability in badminton. Negative correlations were found between HWJ and VmaxWJ for both genders. Conclusions: The jump before smash is not used in order to hit the shuttle from the highest point, but to gain time to correctly prepare the phase of stroke while being in the air.
Źródło:
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2020, 22, 4; 41--49
1509-409X
2450-6303
Pojawia się w:
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Logistics Problems of Designing a Route for Public Rail Transport in the Psie Pole District in Wroclaw
Autorzy:
Surowiecki, Andrzej
Antoniszyn, Grzegorz
Zieliński, Michał
Gajewski, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/504142.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Międzynarodowa Wyższa Szkoła Logistyki i Transportu
Tematy:
public rail transport
tramway route
trackage construction
Opis:
The text discusses current problems of the public rail transport in the Wroclaw agglomeration, as well as the opportunities for its extension and future plans of the Wroclaw Municipality in that respect.
Źródło:
Logistics and Transport; 2016, 30, 2; 73-80
1734-2015
Pojawia się w:
Logistics and Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Statistical Calibration Method of Propagation Prediction Model Based on Measurement Results
Autorzy:
Kelner, Jan M.
Kryk, Michał
Łopatka, Jerzy
Gajewski, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226022.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
calibration of propagation model
empirical measurements
path loss model
propagation
parabolic equation method
radio environment maps
Opis:
Radio environment maps (REMs) are beginning to be an integral part of modern mobile radiocommunication systems and networks, especially for ad-hoc, cognitive, and dynamic spectrum access networks. The REMs will use emerging military systems of tactical communications. The REM is a kind of database used at the stage of planning and management of the radio resources and networks, which considers the geographical features of an area, environmental propagation properties, as well as the parameters of radio network elements and available services. At the REM, for spatial management of network nodes, various methods of propagation modeling for determining the attenuation and capacity of wireless links and radio ranges are used. One method of propagation prediction is based on a numerical solution of the wave equation in a parabolic form, which allows considering, i.a., atmospheric refraction, terrain shape, and soil electrical parameters. However, the determination of a current altitudinal profile of atmospheric refraction may be a problem. If the propagation-prediction model uses a fixed refraction profile, then the calibration of this model based on empirical measurements is required. We propose a methodology for calibrating the analyzed model based on an example empirical research scenario. The paper presents descriptions of the propagation model, test-bed and scenario used in measurements, and obtained signal attenuation results, which are used for the initial calibration of the model.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2020, 66, 1; 11-16
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
ARMScope – the versatile platform for scanning probe microscopy systems
Autorzy:
Świadkowski, Bartosz
Piasecki, Tomasz
Rudek, Maciej
Świątkowski, Michał
Gajewski, Krzysztof
Majstrzyk, Wojciech
Babij, Michał
Dzierka, Andrzej
Gotszalk, Teodor
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221551.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Scanning probe microscopy
AFM
Kelvin Probe force microscopy
scanning tunnelling microscopy
Opis:
Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) since its invention in the 80’s became very popular in examination of many different sample parameters, both in university and industry. This was the effect of bringing this technology closer to the operator. Although the ease of use opened a possibility for measurements without high labour requirement, a quantitative analysis is still a limitation in Scanning Probe Microscopes available on the market. Based on experience of Nano-metrology Group, SPM still can be considered as a tool for quantitative examination of thermal, electrical and mechanical surface parameters. In this work we present an ARMScope platform as a versatile SPM controller that is proved to be useful in a variety of applications: from atomic-resolution STM (Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy) to Multi-resonance KPFM (Kelvin Probe force microscopy) to commercial SEMs (Scanning electron microscopes).
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2020, 27, 1; 119-130
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Helicobacter pylori antigens, acetylsalicylic acid, LDL and 7-ketocholesterol - their potential role in destabilizing the gastric epithelial cell barrier. An in vitro model of Kato III cells
Autorzy:
Gajewski, Adrian
Mnich, Eliza
Szymański, Karol
Hinc, Krzysztof
Obuchowski, Michał
Moran, Anthony
Chmiela, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1038856.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
Helicobacter pylori
acetylsalicylic acid
7-ketocholesterol
gastric barrier
Opis:
Colonization of gastric tissue in humans by H. pylori Gram-negative bacteria initiates gastric and duodenal ulcers and even gastric cancers. Infections promote inflammation and damage to gastric epithelium which might be followed by the impairment of its barrier function. The role of H. pylori components in these processes has not been specified. H. pylori cytotoxicity may potentially increase in the milieu of anti-inflammatory drugs including acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). The lipid transport-associated molecule such as low density lipoprotein (LDL), which is a classic risk factor of coronary heart disease (CHD) and 7-ketocholesterol (7-kCh) a product of cholesterol oxidation, which may occur during the oxidative stress in LDL could also be considered as pro-inflammatory. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of H. pylori antigens, ASA, LDL and 7-kCh towards Kato III gastric epithelial cells, on the basis of the cell ability to reduce tetrazolium salt (MTT) and morphology of cell nuclei assessed by 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining. Kato III cells were stimulated for 24 h, at 37°C and 5% CO2, with H. pylori antigens: cytotoxin associated gene A (CagA) protein, the urease A subunit (UreA), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and ASA, LDL or 7-kCh. H. pylori LPS, ASA, LDL and 7-kCh, but not H. pylori glycine acid extract (GE), demonstrated cytotoxicity against Kato III cells, which was related to a diminished percentage of MTT reducing cells and to an increased cell population with the signs of DNA damage. The results suggest that damage to gastric epithelial cells can be induced independently by H. pylori antigens, ASA and endogenous lipid transport-associated molecules. During H. pylori infection in vivo, especially in CHD patients, synergistic or antagonistic interactions between these factors might possibly influence the disease course. Further study is necessary to explain these potential effects.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2016, 63, 1; 145-152
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Immunoregulation of antigen presenting and secretory functions of monocytic cells by Helicobacter pylori antigens in relation to impairment of lymphocyte expansion
Autorzy:
Mnich, Eliza
Gajewski, Adrian
Rudnicka, Karolina
Gonciarz, Weronika
Stawerski, Paweł
Hinc, Krzysztof
Obuchowski, Michał
Chmiela, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1038873.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
H. pylori
antigen presenting cells
lymphocyte expansion
Opis:
The role of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) antigens in driving a specific immune response against the bacteria causing gastroduodenal disorders is poorly understood. Using a guinea pig model mimicking the natural history of H. pylori infection, we evaluated the effectiveness of immature and mature macrophages in promoting the blastogenesis of splenocytes from H. pylori infected and uninfected animals, in response to H. pylori antigens: glycine acid extract (GE), cytotoxin associated gene A protein (CagA), urease A (UreA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Lymphocyte expansion was assessed in 72 h cell cultures, containing: immature or mature macrophages derived from bone marrow monocytes, unstimulated or stimulated with H. pylori antigens for 2 h. The proliferation was expressed as a ratio of [3H]-thymidine incorporation into DNA of antigen-stimulated to unstimulated cells and the DNA damage was determined by DAPI cell staining. TGF-β and IFN-γ were assessed immunoenzymatically in cell culture supernatants. Lymphocytes of control and H. pylori-infected animals proliferated intensively in response to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and in co-cultures with immature or mature macrophages treated with CagA or UreA (significantly) and GE (slightly) exluding the cultures containing H. pylori or E. coli LPS. This lymphocyte growth inhibition was related to DNA damage of monocytic cells in response to H. pylori or E. coli LPS and secretion of regulatory TGF-β, but not proinflammatory IFN-γ. Impaired homeostasis of monocytic cell function related to DNA damage and TGF-β release, in response to H. pylori LPS may lead to the suppression of adaptive immune response against the bacteria and development of chronic infection.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2015, 62, 4; 641-650
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14

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