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    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    Social control of supply or demand? : Counteracting the illegal wildlife trade in wild fauna and flora in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Drzazga, Edyta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1788462.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-06-21
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    nielegalny obrót dziką fauną i florą
    kontrola społeczna
    podaż
    popyt
    illegal wildlife trade
    social control
    supply
    demand
    Opis:
    This article considers the problem of counteracting the illegal trade in wild fauna and flora in Poland, with special regard to the social control of supply and demand of wildlife. Both social control of the demand for wild fauna and flora and the control of the supply part of this phenomenon are burdened with certain drawbacks, by defnition, integrated into both models. In order to effectively counteract illegal trade in wild fauna and flora, it is necessary to recognize the patterns of the phenomenon and to design a social and criminal policy in this area that will be an adequate response to both the supply of the phenomenon and its demand. The main aim of the project was therefore to present the results of qualitative research conducted with experts dealing with the phenomenon of illegal trade in wild fauna and flora in Poland.
    W artykule omówiono problem przeciwdziałania nielegalnemu handlowi dziką fauną i florą w Polsce ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem społecznej kontroli podaży i popytu na dzikie zwierzęta. Zarówno kontrola społeczna popytu na dziką faunę i florę, jak i kontrola podażowej części tego zjawiska są z defnicji obarczone pewnymi wadami, zintegrowanymi z obydwoma modelami. Aby skutecznie przeciwdziałać nielegalnemu handlowi dziką fauną i florą konieczne jest rozpoznanie wzorów tego zjawiska i zaprojektowanie takiej polityki społecznej i kryminalnej w tym zakresie, która będzie adekwatną odpowiedzią zarówno na jego podaż, jak i popyt. Głównym celem projektu było zatem przedstawienie wyników badań jakościowych przeprowadzonych z ekspertami zajmującymi się zjawiskiem nielegalnego handlu dziką fauną i florą w Polsce.
    Źródło:
    Biuletyn Kryminologiczny; 2020, 27; 43-51
    2084-5375
    Pojawia się w:
    Biuletyn Kryminologiczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Illegal Wildlife Trade in Poland – Crime Control Models
    Autorzy:
    Drzazga, Edyta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28678375.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    illegal wildlife trade
    green criminology
    social control models
    crime control
    Opis:
    Wildlife traffickindg of endangered species is an international crime that is increasing in in terms of its significance and position in the global crime hierarchy. This phenomenon is a significant subject of research for both traditional and green criminology. The representatives of green criminology, when discussing the criminal policy in matters related to green crimes, refer to its broad meaning. From this perspective, “green criminal policy” includes: a) the legal and social approach, b) a regulatory system that emphasizes social arrangements, norms and reforms in the production and consumption system; and c) a system of social interactions. Each of these models is presented in the article. In this context, the results of qualitative research on the state of the social control of illegal trade in wild fauna and flora in Poland will also be cited.
    Źródło:
    Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review; 2022, 14; 321-337
    2450-0976
    Pojawia się w:
    Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Związki zielonej kryminologii z kryminologią tradycyjną
    The interrelations of green criminology and traditional criminology
    Autorzy:
    Drzazga, Edyta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/698845.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    zielona kryminologia
    kryminologia tradycyjna
    przestępczość przeciwko środowisku naturalnemu
    green criminology
    mainstream criminology
    environmental criminality
    Opis:
    Green criminology, whilst functioning under the banner of critical criminology since its inception, has slowly begun to have more and more to do with traditional criminology. The subject of this article is the interrelations of this new perspective and traditional considerations on crime. Green criminology seems to have much to offer mainstream criminology, enriching it with ideas that have hitherto been unnoticed or overlooked. In turn, the achievements of traditional criminology provide useful solutions and concepts that can enable green criminology to develop.
    Zielona kryminologia, mimo że od początku funkcjonuje pod szyldem nurtu krytycznego w obrębie kryminologii, powoli zaczyna mieć coraz więcej wspólnego z kryminologią tradycyjną. Przedmiotem artykułu są wzajemne powiązania tego nowego kierunku z tradycyjnymi rozważaniami na temat przestępczości. Zielona kryminologia zdaje się mieć wiele do zaoferowania kryminologii tradycyjnej, wzbogacając ją o perspektywy, które dotychczas były niezauważane lub pomijane. Z kolei dorobek tradycyjnej kryminologii dostarcza użytecznych rozwiązań i koncepcji umożliwiających rozwój zielonej kryminologii.
    Źródło:
    Archiwum Kryminologii; 2019, XLI/1; 9-29
    0066-6890
    2719-4280
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwum Kryminologii
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kryminologia kulturowa. Wprowadzenie do koncepcji
    Cultural criminology. An introduction to the concept
    Autorzy:
    Drzazga, Edyta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/698967.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    kryminologia kulturowa
    kryminologia krytyczna
    teorie kryminologiczne
    cultural criminology
    Opis:
    Cultural criminology which emerged in the 1990s, based on new criminology of Taylor, Walton, Young, and the achievements of National Defiance Conference and British studies of subcultures, can be regarded as part of the critical approach to the phenomenon of crime. Since it first appeared, cultural criminology has tried to adjust the point of view on crime by engaging various perspectives. By principle, cultural criminology is supposed to challenge conventional criminology and provide a distinguishable alternative. Its distinctive features are emphasis on cultural components (i.e. style, symbols, meanings, emotions and media information) in investigating the phenomenon of crime and use of postmodernist interpretation in the analyses. Cultural criminology, by placing crime and crime control in the context of culture and regarding them as cultural products, focuses on the way in which social actors – all potential participants to the phenomenon of crime, i.e. offenders, victims, organs of social control, journalists and reporters – construe meaning and attribute it to delinquency, act of crime and each other. One of the key problems of cultural criminology is critical reflection on the postmodern world, that is a world in constant flux, marked with the processes of marginalisation and social exclusion but also ambiguous potential of creativity, transcendence, and transgression. In a series of conceptions, one can find references to such symptoms of postmodernism like, on one hand, consumerism fuelled by the media, imperative of expressiveness and ever increasing significance of personal development, on the other hand decreasing job security and family ties stability, pluralism of values enhanced by migration and global conflicts. What results from the clash of these opposite forces is increasing loss of sense of security of the a modern man and in collective categories, loss of public confidence. The vision of society assumed by cultural criminology is a society based on conflict, and all explanations of subcultures must include current relations of power and patterns of social inequality. At the same time, accepting M. Weber’s statement that culture is a network of meanings which are continuously created by a man and in which a man is suspended, it is postulated to seek these meanings by interpretation. Such assumptions concerning culture and means of its examination, along with the conflict-based vision of society, puts cultural criminology at the charge of combining various methods of explanation assumed by social sciences. In ethnographic studies in the area of cultural criminology the pursue of meaning by thorough exploration of cultural practices is reserved only for deviant subcultures. The world of social control is labelled with terms in line with conflict orientations in criminology.
    Źródło:
    Archiwum Kryminologii; 2010, XXXII; 5-22
    0066-6890
    2719-4280
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwum Kryminologii
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    O kontroli chuligaństwa futbolowego w Polsce ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem sytuacyjnej prewencji uwag kilka
    On football hooliganism control in Poland with several comments of situational prevention
    Autorzy:
    Drzazga, Edyta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/698551.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    przestępczość stadionowa
    chuligaństwo
    polityka kryminalna
    sytuacyjne zapobieganie przestępczości
    football hooliganism control
    situational prevention
    Opis:
    The development of international measures of football hooliganism control has been proceeding along several paths and included a number of different aspects of broadly understood control over the phenomenon. One can define 4 periods differing in the football hooliganism control paradigms applied: the first period - stretching from 1960s to 1985, second - between 1985 and 1997, third - 1997 to 2000 and fourth - from 2000 up to the present day. Consider-ing the issue of situational prevention of football hooliganism, control measures could be divided into two groups, or levels. The first level was mostly concerned with 'hard' means, i.e. such based on activities that rendered breaking the law or upsetting the public order more challenging. This was done with simple techniques of isolating opposing groups of supporters from each other by police cordons, fencing out sections of stadiums, putting up barriers, or 'cages' for visiting fans. Other popular 'hard' means aimed at increasing the perpetrator's risk of being subject to negative consequences, which mostly meant intensified police presence at a stadium. The progression to level 2 control was triggered by results brought by research on crowd management techniques conducted after the 2000 European Championship. The new trend involved gradual balancing out the 'hard' and 'soft' means, the latter having the purpose of limiting provocation and excuses (promoting the atmosphere of a joyful festival at football events, avoiding 'arming' and confrontation by security personnel, employment of surveillance and emergency services, etc.). A comparison of the ways in which football hooliganism situational prevention developed with the integrated model of situational crime prevention brings an interesting insight into the effectiveness of the new situational trend, which is a method broadly employed in Western Europe to counter football hooliganism. According to R. Wortley, while the notion of opportunity reduction assumes that there already is an offender who is motivated or at least ambivalent and ready to commit a crime, the fact is that motivation to commit a crime may occur as a result of particular situational factors. Wortley defined 4 types of factors motivating a perpetrator to commit a crime, or the so-called precipitators: prompts, pressures, permissibility, and provocations. The integrated concept of situational prevention discussed in the article is a merger of the traditional methods of limiting crime opportunities, or the so-called 'hard' means, with a complementary set of techniques minimizing other situational factors proposed by R. Wortley, i.e. 'soft' means. D.B. Cornish and R.V. Clarke proposed a combination of the two approaches, which resulted in vastly broadened array of situational crime prevention techniques.
    Źródło:
    Archiwum Kryminologii; 2013, XXXV; 193-212
    0066-6890
    2719-4280
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwum Kryminologii
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

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