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Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2
Tytuł:
Analysis of diabetes-related complications and the cost of diabetes in Poland. The methodology and the research sample used in Economedica DM-PL Survey
Autorzy:
Bogusławski, Stefan
Wojciechowska, Agata
Smaga, Anna
Strojek, Krzysztof
Wróbel, Katarzyna
Wojtyniak, Bogdan
Juszczyk, Grzegorz
Czech, Marcin
Zdrojewski, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2203241.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-06-07
Wydawca:
Gdański Uniwersytet Medyczny
Tematy:
diabetes mellitus
prevalence
cost of illness
research design
Opis:
Background: Knowledge about diabetes mellitus (DM)-related complications, the direct and indirect costs incur red by patients with DM is still insufficient in Poland. Economedica DM-PL (Economedica) survey was a cross-sectional observational study that aimed to assess these issues. Material and methods: The survey was carried out in 2016 on a representative sample of 2032 diabetic patients recruited by 195 general practioners (GP) and 48 diabetologists (D) randomly selected from the national registry of physicians. Each GP and D recruited 8 to 10 patients with DM according to the specified protocol. The study included 1938 medical questionnaires (comple ted by the GPs and Ds), 1938 questionnaires about costs (completed by the patients) and 1532 treatment adherence questionnaires. Results: The Economedica survey provided new insights into DM epidemiological and cost data. 70% of patients with type-1 DM were diagnosed with the disease before the age of 40. For 76% patients with type-2 DM, it was diagnosed aeftr the age of 50. The average monthly out-of-pocket medical costs for DM patients in 2016 reached 66.2 EUR, while their non-medical costs were 36.8 EUR. Conclusions: The methodology applied in our study proved useful for providing new dimensions of DM epidemiological and cost data in Poland.
Źródło:
European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine; 2023, 6, 1; 31-40
2657-3148
2657-3156
Pojawia się w:
European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET EFFICIENCY. EMPIRICAL RESULTS FOR THE USD/EUR MARKET
Autorzy:
Czech, Katarzyna Anna
Waszkowski, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/599474.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Informatyki i Zarządzania z siedzibą w Rzeszowie
Tematy:
foreign exchange market efficiency
uncovered interest-rate parity
USD/EUR
Opis:
The aim of the paper is to verify whether the USD/EUR exchange rate market is efficient. The fundamental parity condition for testing foreign exchange market efficiency is represented by the uncovered interest-rate parity (UIP). Therefore, the UIP hypothesis verification accounts for the crucial part of the paper. The efficiency of the USD/EUR market is tested by applying the conventional UIP regression approach and orthogonality test of the forward rate forecast error. The results show that it is hard to say definitely that USD/EUR foreign exchange market is inefficient. The slope coefficient in UIP regression occurs to be negative, which implies the failure of uncovered interest-rate parity. However, there are no foundations to reject the UIP hypotheses in the time of financial crisis of 21st century. Moreover, the article presents that the forward forecast error is not orthogonal to both its lagged value and the interest rate differential. Thus, the semi-strong foreign exchange market efficiency hypothesis is rejected for the USD/EUR market.
Źródło:
Finansowy Kwartalnik Internetowy e-Finanse; 2012, 8, 3; 1-9
1734-039X
Pojawia się w:
Finansowy Kwartalnik Internetowy e-Finanse
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2

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