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    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
    Tytuł:
    Transformation of Municipal Waste Management in Poland Towards a Circular Economy
    Autorzy:
    Ciuła, Józef
    Bajdur, Wioletta
    Gronba-Chyła, Anna
    Kwaśnicki, Paweł
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27322986.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
    Tematy:
    municipal waste
    bio-waste
    packaging waste
    waste incineration
    waste recycling
    circular economy
    Opis:
    Municipal waste management in Poland has continuously changed over the past years regarding collection systems and disposal processes. After joining the EU, the approach to waste management changed dramatically, intensifying selective collection and implementing recovery and treatment processes. Recent years have shown that a further fundamental overhaul in the waste sector is needed to convert the sector to a closed-loop economy. These challenges are appearing in Poland, forcing actions in which the efficiency of the waste stream management system should generate added value in the form of sourced raw materials, materials and products. The waste generated should be managed following the waste hierarchy, in which disposal is the least desirable process. The work aims to analyse the current state of municipal waste management in Poland concerning applicable legal requirements, waste management hierarchy and the use of the best available technologies. The data from the analysis was used to determine where Poland is currently, heading towards transforming to a circular economy in the technological, social, environmental and economic areas. The research results showed the need to reduce the waste generated, including a significant reduction in the amount of waste stored in landfills and a significant increase in the recycling rates of municipal waste. In this context, supporting the transition to a closed-loop economy is essential in creating a low-carbon, recycling and innovative waste management, implementing EU strategies.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2023, 25; 374--382
    1506-218X
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pollution Indicator of a Megawatt Hour Produced in Cogeneration – the Efficiency of Biogas Purification Process as an Energy Source for Wastewater Treatment Plants
    Autorzy:
    Ciuła, Józef
    Kowalski, Sławomir
    Wiewiórska, Iwona
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201631.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    biogas purification
    cogeneration
    pollution indicator
    renewable energy
    sewage treatment plant
    Opis:
    The sewage treatment plant, as a producer of renewable energy, should make every effort to ensure that the biogas used as a fuel meets the quality requirements, including those of the manufacturers of cogeneration units. Such measures necessitate the application of a conditioning process of biogas in order to remove harmful compounds, so that its parameters ensure failure-free operation of engines. The aim of the research was to evaluate the effectiveness of biogas treatment in the A-type installation using the “wet biogas treatment” technology, and in the B-type installation, which is a comprehensive solution comprising sulfur removal as a result of a simultaneous regeneration of the bed with oxygen, removal of siloxanes on activated carbon, cooling and heating of biogas along with its filtration. The analysis of the results of biogas testing for these two installations demonstrated fundamental qualitative differences for the benefit of the installation B, in which the biogas was characterized by a much lower content, mainly of sulfur, hydrogen sulfide, siloxanes and humidity. The introduced pollution indicator of a megawatt hour produced in cogeneration one has confirmed much higher pollution load from the A-type installation. The hybrid solution applied in the work with simultaneous regeneration of the bed has confirmed the efficiency of biogas conditioning. Such a solution contributes to a safe and reliable operation of the cogeneration system for generating energy from a renewable source, which in turn contributes to the optimization of energy.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 3; 232--245
    2299-8993
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Microplastics from Plastic Waste as a Limitation of Sustainability of the Environment
    Autorzy:
    Grąz, Katarzyna
    Generowicz, Agnieszka
    Kwaśny, Justyna
    Gronba-Chyła, Anna
    Kwaśnicki, Paweł
    Ciuła, Józef
    Łapiński, Jacek
    Bajdur, Wioletta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30145698.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
    Tematy:
    nanoparticles
    waste plastics
    DLS
    secondary plastic
    Opis:
    The massive emergence of plastics has contributed to their widespread use in everyday life. Unfortunately, the lack of appropriate technologies for processing these materials has contributed to environmental pollution by plastic particles. This study investigated the possibility of obtaining nanoparticles from selected plastics such as polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate. Polyethylene was obtained from plastic bag waste, and polyethylene terephthalate was from crushed plastic bottles of mineral water. The first stage of nanoparticle production was to grind the collected used plastic waste, i.e., plastic bags and plastic bottles, to the smallest possible size using a cutting mill. Next, the waste was ground in a planetary-ball mill and then homogenised in a homogeniser. The particle size distribution of the obtained particles for selected waste plastics was examined using the Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) method. The objective of the work was achieved – as a result of the performed procedures, nanoparticles of waste plastics were obtained. The following average sizes for particular materials were obtained: plastic bottles (PET) 212.81 nm, plastic bags (PE) 208.14 nm, and smaller particles, e.g. 27.74 nm.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2023, 25; 367-373
    1506-218X
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Examples of pollutant transport models in groundwater of a municipal waste landfill - case study
    Przykłady modeli transportu zanieczyszczeń w wodach podziemnych składowiska odpadów komunalnych - case study
    Autorzy:
    Ciuła, Józef
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2130929.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa w Nowym Sączu
    Tematy:
    landfill
    leachates
    environmental monitoring
    mathematical models
    migration of contaminants
    składowisko odpadów
    odcieki
    monitoring środowiska
    modele matematyczne
    migracja zanieczyszczeń
    Opis:
    Landfills must be constantly monitored in terms of their impact on soils, groundwater and surface water, as well as plants and air quality. Leachate with high content of inorganic and organic substances, heavy metals and toxic compounds pose particular hazard. Release of leachates from the landfill may occur as a result of insulation leakage, leading to the transfer of hazardous substances into the soil and the aquifer. This paper is an attempt to describe the structure of the mathematical model used for the analysis of groundwater flow and possible directions of contaminants migration in the aquifer of an active landfill as a result of leachate release. The models have been assessed, which indicated the necessity of validation and calibration in order to obtain credible results. The analysis of literature has shown that mathematical models are often used as a tool in scientific or industrial studies. Available software products used for modeling migration of contaminants in groundwater are a vital part in landfill management and forecasting its potential environmental impact.
    Składowisko odpadów jest obiektem wymagającym ciągłego monitoringu jego oddziaływania na gleby, wody podziemne i powierzchniowe, rośliny oraz powietrze. Szczególne zagrożenie stwarzają odcieki zawierające duży ładunek substancji nieorganicznych, organicznych oraz metali ciężkich i związków toksycznych. Uwolnienie odcieków z bryły składowiska może wynikać z nieszczelności jego izolacji, co skutkuje przedostaniem się do gleby i warstwy wodonośnej substancji niebezpiecznych. W artykule podjęto próbę opisu konstrukcji modelu matematycznego wykorzystywanego do wykonania analizy przepływu wód podziemnych i prawdopodobnych kierunków migracji zanieczyszczeń w warstwie wodonośnej czynnego składowiska odpadów w przypadku uwolnienia odcieków. Wykonano ocenę modeli wraz z koniecznością ich walidacji i kalibracji w celu uzyskania wiarygodnych wyników. Analiza literatury przedmiotu wykazała, że modele matematyczne są często wykorzystywane jako narzędzie w badaniach naukowych oraz branżowych. Dostępne programy komputerowe przeznaczone do modelowania migracji zanieczyszczeń w wodach podziemnych stanowią ważny element zarządzania składowiskiem i prognozy jego potencjalnego oddziaływania na środowisko.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Engineering, Energy and Informatics; 2021, 1; 80-92
    2720-4162
    2720-5541
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Engineering, Energy and Informatics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Efficiency Analysis of the Generation of Energy in a Biogas CHP System and its Management in a Waste Landfill – Case Study
    Autorzy:
    Ciuła, Józef
    Generowicz, Agnieszka
    Gaska, Krzysztof
    Gronba-Chyła, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2173248.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    cogeneration
    energy efficiency
    energy ratio
    landfill gas
    municipal waste
    renewable energy
    Opis:
    As a waste neutralization facility, the landfill is a kind of bioreactor producing landfill gas or (LFG) - biogas, which should be captured and neutralised for environmental reasons. One of the ways of its utilisation is the combined production of heat and electrical energy in combined heat and power (CHP) cogeneration systems. For that purpose, the assessment of the energy efficiency of a cogeneration unit was undertaken in this work on the basis of the unit performance over the last 5 years. The analysis of the CHP system energy performance demonstrated that the ratios range at the lower limits for units up to 0.5 MW. The lower efficiency of fuel chemical conversion in the CHP plant (0.70) stems from the failure to use the rated thermal and electrical power fully (74.2%), which is caused by the insufficient stream of biogas collected from the landfill (161.46 m3∙h-1). The analysis of the generated energy usage, particularly in terms of heat, has shown a surplus which is not used and therefore is a loss. The proposed solutions in this area should optimize the use of heat generated from the renewable source, i.e. landfill biogas.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 7; 143--156
    2299-8993
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of the end-of-life the front suspension beam of a vehicle
    Autorzy:
    Kowalski, Sławomir
    Opoka, Kazimierz
    Ciuła, Józef
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2172028.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Naukowo-Techniczne Towarzystwo Eksploatacyjne PAN
    Tematy:
    vehicle suspension system
    fretting wear
    suspension beam
    vehicle
    Opis:
    The aim of the article is focused on assessing the degree of end-of-life for the vehicle front suspension beam. The first stage of the problem taken was represented by a road test of the vehicle at distance expressed by 100.000 km. Following the end of the operation tests, the suspension beam was dismantled and subjected to laboratory tests. The tests demonstrated numerous beam top layer plastic deformations, which came into being as a result of the vehicle driving onto an obstacle on the roadway or onto raised road infrastructure elements. At the point of connection of the stabiliser rod to the beam, surface degradation was noted, which consisted in the considerable change of the surface profile, hardness reduction and the grey and dark brown colour. Corrosion regions and fretting wear traces were noted. Corrosion pits, scratches and material build-ups was observed. The analysis of the chemical composition of wear products demonstrated the presence of elements such as iron, oxygen, chlorine and silicon, as an effect of operational conditions.
    Źródło:
    Eksploatacja i Niezawodność; 2022, 24, 3; 446--454
    1507-2711
    Pojawia się w:
    Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Alternative method of making electrical connections in the 1st and 3rd generation modules as an effective way to improve module efficiency and reduce production costs
    Autorzy:
    Kwaśnicki, Paweł
    Gronba-Chyła, Anna
    Generowicz, Agnieszka
    Ciuła, Józef
    Wiewiórska, Iwona
    Gaska, Krzysztof
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27312219.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
    Tematy:
    photovoltaics
    busbars
    DSSC
    BIPV
    solar module
    Opis:
    In this work, we propose a new method for manufacturing busbars in photovoltaic modules for different solar cell generations, focusing on 1st and 3rd generations. The method is based on high-pressure spray coating using nanometric metallic powder. Our focus is primarily on optimizing conductive paths for applications involving conductive layers used in 3rd generation solar cells, such as quantum dot solar cell, dye-sensitized solar cell, and silicon-based solar cells on glass-glass architecture for buildingintegrated photovoltaic. The advantages of the proposed method include the possibility of reducing the material quantity in the conductive paths and creating various shapes on the surface, including bent substrates. This paper examines the influence of the proposed high-pressure spraying technique using metallic particles on the morphology of the resulting conductive paths, interface characteristics, and electrical parameters. Conductive paths were created on four different layers commonly used in photovoltaic systems, including transparent conductive oxide, Cu, Ti, and atomic layer deposition processed Al2O3. The use of high-pressure technology enables the production of conductive layers with strong adhesion to the substrate and precise control of the spatial parameters of conductive paths. Furthermore, the temperature recorded during the deposition process does not exceed 385 K, making this technique suitable for various types of substrates, including glass and silicon. Additionally, the produced layers exhibit low resistance, measuring less than 0.3 Ω. Finally, the mechanical resistance, as determined through tearing tests, as well as environmental and time stability, have been confirmed for the produced paths.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Thermodynamics; 2023, 44, 3; 179--200
    1231-0956
    2083-6023
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Thermodynamics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7

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