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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Anthropogenic changes of CO2, CH4, N2O, CFCI3, CF2Cl2, CCl2FCClF2, CHCl3, CH3CCI3, CCI4, SF6 and SF5CF3 mixing ratios in the atmosphere over southern Poland
    Autorzy:
    Różański, K.
    Nęcki, J.
    Chmura, Ł.
    Śliwka, I.
    Zimnoch, M.
    Bielewski, J.
    Gałkowski, M.
    Bartyzel, J.
    Rosiek, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2060461.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    atmosphere
    monitoring
    greenhouse gases
    halogenated compounds
    Opis:
    An overview of long-term, sysiematic observations of trace gas composition of the atmosphere over southern Poland is given. Three major greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O) and selected halocarbons (freons F-11, F-12 and F-113; chloroform; 1,1,1-trichloroetane; carbon tetrachloride; sulphur hexafluoride and trifluoromethyl sulphur pentafuoride) were monitored. Measurements were performed at two locations of contrasting characteristics: (1) the high-mountain site Kasprowy Wierch, High Tatras, representing atmospheric conditions relatively free of local influences, and (2) two sites located in the Kraków agglomeration, representing a typical urban atmosphere. The data available for Kraków and Kasprowy Wierch were compared with the Mace Head data, representing a marine regional background. The impact of continental sources for some of the measured gases is clearly seen in the Kraków and Kasprowy Wierch records. The mean offset between CH4 concentrations recorded at Kasprowy Wierch and at Mace Head for the period 1998-2012 is 20.7 ppb and stems from continental emissions of this gas originating mainly from anthropogenic activities (leaks of natural gas distribution networks, landfills, livestock). For N2O, a similar offset of ca. 1 ppb for the period 2009-2012 was observed. Although the long-term concentration trends of selected halogenated compounds measured in Kraków coincide in general with the respective trends in Mace Head data, the Kraków records contain numerous spikes and periods of enhanced concentrations, reflecting the impact of local sources of these compounds. The impact of a legislative framework enforced in Poland in July 2002, regulating the trade, storage and disposal of ozone-depleting substances, is visible in the Kraków record of halogenated compounds.
    Źródło:
    Geological Quarterly; 2014, 58, 4; 673--684
    1641-7291
    Pojawia się w:
    Geological Quarterly
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Nitrate reductase activity (NRA) in the invasive alien Fallopia japonica: seasonal variation, differences among habitats types, and comparison with native species
    Autorzy:
    Chmura, D.
    Krywult, M.
    Kozak, J.L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/56983.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
    Opis:
    Nitrate reductase activity (NRA) was studied in the invasive alien plant F. japonica (Japanese knotweed) during the vegetation season and among natural, semi-natural, and human-made habitats and compared with NRA in selected native species. NRA was measured directly in the field from the beginning of May until the beginning of October. NRA was much higher than in the plant’s native range, i.e., East Asia, and showed a high degree of variation over time with the highest values being reached at the stage of fast vegetative growth and at the beginning of fruiting. NRA was highest on dumping sites probably due to the high nitrogen input into soils and near traffic and the emission of NOx by vehicles. A comparison of the enzyme activity in four selected native plant species indicated that NRA in F. japonica was the highest with the exception of Urtica dioica, which exhibited a similar activity of the enzyme. A detailed comparison with this species showed that differences between these species on particular dates were influenced by differences in the phenology of both plants. The initial results that were obtained suggest that nitrogen pollution in an environment can contribute to habitat invasibility and a high level of NRA, which in addition to the many plant traits that are commonly accepted as characteristic of invasiveness features, may be an important factor that enhances invasion success.
    Źródło:
    Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2016, 85, 3
    0001-6977
    2083-9480
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Rola czynnika wodnego w kształtowaniu plonu wybranych roślin polowych
    Role of the water factor in yield formation of chosen field crops
    Autorzy:
    Chmura, K.
    Chylinska, E.
    Dmowski, Z.
    Nowak, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/60602.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
    Tematy:
    rosliny uprawne
    zboza
    zyto
    pszenica ozima
    pszenica jara
    jeczmien jary
    owies
    ziemniaki wczesne
    ziemniaki pozne
    kukurydza
    buraki pastewne
    buraki cukrowe
    groch
    koniczyna czerwona
    lucerna mieszancowa
    potrzeby wodne
    opady atmosferyczne
    opady optymalne
    plonowanie
    czynniki plonowania
    deszczowanie
    efekty produkcyjne
    wzrost plonow
    Opis:
    Na podstawie przeprowadzonych w katedrze badań oraz danych literaturowych przedstawiono wskaźniki opadów optymalnych i potrzeb wodnych wybranych roślin uprawnych (zbożowych, okopowych i motylkowych). Stwierdzono, że zarówno niedobory, jak i nadmiary opadów miały niekorzystny wpływ na plon. Powodowały obniżki plonów odpowiednio: dla zbóż o 2-27 i 3–21%, ziemniaków o 4–45 i 3–30%, buraków cukrowych o 2–43 i 14–19%, buraków pastewnych o 16–73 i 8–28%, roślin strączkowych o 5–42 i 21–40% i roślin motylkowych o 3–34%. Produktywność 1 mm wody pochodzącej z opadów była wyższa w porównaniu z produktywnością wody pochodzącej z deszczowania. Obliczony wskaźnik produktywności wody z deszczowania do wody z opadów kształtował się w przedziale 40–90%. Deszczowanie podnosiło plony pszenicy ozimej i jęczmienia jarego o 20%, pszenicy jarej o 25%, ziemniaków o 47 i 55%, zaś buraków cukrowych o 10–40%.
    On the basis of research done in the Department and literature data, indices of optimal precipitation and water needs of selected crops (cereals, root plants and papilionaceae) have been determined. It was found that both insufficient and excessive precipitation affected yield adversely. It caused the following decreases in yields: cereals 2–27 and 3–21%, potato 4–45 and 3–30%, sugar beetroot 2–43 and 14–19%, fodder beet 16–73 and 8–28%, legumes 5–42 and 21–40%, and papilionaceae 3–34%, respectively. Productivity of 1 mm water from precipitation was higher compared with productivity induced by sprinkling. The calculated index of productivity for water from sprinkling relative to water from precipitation was in the range 40–90%. Sprinkling increased the yield of winter wheat and spring barley by 20%, spring wheat by 25%, potato 47 and 55%, and sugar beet 10–40%.
    Źródło:
    Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2009, 09
    1732-5587
    Pojawia się w:
    Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zmienność proweniencyjna olszy czarnej w Polsce
    Provenance variability of black alder in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Rożkowski, R.
    Mejnartowicz, L.
    Guzicka, M.
    Dorobek, K.
    Chmura, D.J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979576.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    drzewa lesne
    olsza czarna
    Alnus glutinosa
    proweniencje
    wysokosc drzew
    piersnice drzew
    piersnicowe pole przekroju
    miazszosc drzew
    zmiennosc proweniencyjna
    alnus glutinosa
    diameter
    diversity
    height
    population
    productivity
    stem straightness
    Opis:
    European black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) is a widespread tree species associated with wetlands and riparian ecosystems, thus it plays an important ecological role. Due to its fast growth and favorable wood properties it also has a potential to satisfy a growing demand for wood and fiber. However, its growth potential is not fully realized in Poland. In this study we investigated variation in growth traits, productivity, and stem straightness among 11 populations of European black alder originating from the lowland distribution of the species in Poland. The common−garden experiment located in 1968 in Kórnik (mid−western Poland) has been so far the only provenance experiment with this species in our country. We measured height and diameter of all trees at the site, assessed stem straightness in a 5−step scale (1−crooked; 5−straight), and calculated productivity at age of 50 years, which should be considered close to the rotation age. We found significant variation among populations in all investigated traits. The difference in productivity between the best and the worst provenance reached 75%. Using published and unpublished data from previous measurements at this site we also analyzed a trend in provenance ranking through time. The best and worst provenance could be identified at age 16 years, but many ranking shifts took place afterwards at the intermediate rank positions. We conclude that growth, productivity and stem quality of black alder could be improved through selection of favorable provenances within the species. Selection decisions can be made at the age below the half the rotation age, although decisions at 3/4 of rotation age would be more precise.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2019, 163, 10; 830-838
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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