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Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2
Tytuł:
CHANGE IN THE ITALIAN CONSTITUTIONAL COURT: BUDGET BALANCING MAY ALSO JUSTIFY AN ILLEGITIMATE RECALCULATION OF PENSIONS
DIETROFRONT DELLA CORTE COSTITUZIONALE ITALIANA: IL PAREGGIO DI BILANCIO PUO’ GIUSTIFICARE ANCHE UN ILLEGITTIMO RICALCOLO DELLE PENSIONI
Autorzy:
Bianco, Giovanni
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/567661.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-12
Wydawca:
Międzynarodowy Instytut Innowacji Nauka – Edukacja – Rozwój w Warszawie
Tematy:
pareggio di bilancio – C. Cost
sent. n. 70/2015 – C. Cost
sent. n. 178/2015
budget balance – C. Cost
Opis:
Con una recente nota del 25 ottobre 2017, in Italia, la Corte costituzionale ha definitivamente sancito che le esigenze di finanza pubblica prevalgono sui diritti dei pensionati fino a sanare un illegittimo blocco della rivalutazione delle pensioni. Con l’introduzione del principio del pareggio di bilancio in costituzione (art. 81 Cost.) si sono poste le fondamenta per cominciare a subordinare le politiche del lavoro alle esigenze di natura economico-finanziaria dell’Élite. Il principio affonda le sue radici nella normativa europea per cui sia le istituzione dell’UE sia il sistema europeo delle banche centrali (SEBC) si impegnano a perseguire in via prioritaria solo ed esclusivamente l’obiettivo della stabilità dei prezzi (e, quindi, di un dato sistema politico). Solo una volta fatto salvo questo obiettivo, si possono perseguire le politiche generali dell’Unione (come le politiche dell’occupazione e dei salari). Con il pareggio di bilancio – costituzionalizzato nel 2012 – il Governo ha voluto sperimentare – tra l’altro – fino a che punto si possono bloccare le rivalutazioni delle pensioni e gli scatti di anzianità degli statali. In un primo momento, la Corte costituzionale, con sentenza n. 70/2015, ha dato torto al Governo, condannandolo a restituire le somme ai pensionati comprensive della rivalutazione a partire dal 2013. In tal caso, la Consulta ha ritenuto i principi costituzionali relativi alla proporzionalità ed all’adeguatezza della pensione (art. 36 e 38 Cost.) prevalenti rispetto al pareggio di bilancio (art. 81). Il Governo ha reagito: a) restituendo ai pensionati solo 2 dei 17 miliardi di Euro sottratti illegittimamente (tramite il c.d. decreto Poletti); b) sensibilizzando la Corte sui temi finanziari con un progetto di legge volto a evidenziare le conseguenze economiche delle decisioni dei giudici nella stesura delle sentenze e attribuendo al Governo stesso la decisione circa le modalità ed i tempi di attuazione delle pronunce giurisdizionali qualora generino oneri finanziari per le casse governative. Forse, anche a seguito di questa moral suasion, la Consulta ha rimodulato il suo approccio e, dopo qualche mese, con la sentenza n. 178/2015 ha formalmente “condannato” il Governo a restituire agli statali gli scatti di anzianità, non già a partire dal 2013 (ex tunc), ma solo per il futuro (ex nunc). La nuova giurisprudenza della Corte ha fatto sì che – secondo i desiderata governativi – le esigenze del principio di pareggio di bilancio (art. 81) prevalessero sulle politiche di tutela dei lavoratori (art. 39), con conseguente (enorme) risparmio da parte del Governo di una cifra che si aggira intorno ai 35 miliardi di Euro. Con l’ultima decisione del 25 ottobre 2017 la Corte ha ritenuto sufficiente il pagamento del bonus Poletti, consentendo al governo di risparmiare circa l’80% delle rivalutazioni sottratte
With the decision of October 25, 2017, in Italy the Constitutional Court has finally ruled that the needs of public finance can prevail over the rights of pensioners until an unlawful block of pension revaluation has been remedied. With the introduction of the principle of a balanced budget into the Constitution (art. 81), the foundations are laid to begin to tailor labor policies to the needs of economic and financial elite. The principle is rooted in European legislation that both the EU institutions and the European System of Central Banks (ESCB) are committed to pursue exclusively the objective of price stability (and therefore, as a matter of priority, of a given political system). Only once, without prejudice to this objective, can you pursue the general policies of the Union (such as employment and wage policies). With a balanced budget - constitutionalised in 2012 - the government wanted to experiment - among other things - to what extent it can block the revaluation of pensions and state seniority benefits. At first, the Constitutional Court, in ruling no. 70/2015, ruled against the government and sentenced it to return the sums to retirees inclusive of the revaluation in 2013. In that case, the consultation has considered the constitutional principles of proportionality and adequacy of the pension (art. 36 and 38 Cost.) as taking precedent over a balanced budget (art. 81). The Government reacted: a) returning to pensioners only 2 of the 17 billion Euro taken unlawfully (by means of the so-called Poletti decree); b) sensitizing the Court on finance issues with a bill to highlight the economic consequences of the decisions of the judges in the drafting of judgements and attributing to the government the same decision regarding the manner and timing of implementation of the judicial decisions that generate financial charges onto the government coffers. Perhaps, partly as a result of this moral suasion, the consultative panel has reformulated its approach and, after a few months, the sentence no. 178/2015 formally "condemned" the Government to return to the system of seniority benefits, not from 2013 (ex tunc), but only for the future (ex nunc). The new jurisprudence of the Court has meant that - as the government desired - the principle of the requirements of a balanced budget (art. 81) outweigh the policies that protect workers (Art. 39), resulting in (huge) savings for the government at a figure that is around 35 billion Euro. Finally, with the decision of 25 October 2017, the Court considered the payment of the Poletti bonus sufficient, allowing the government to save about 80% of the subtracted revaluations
Źródło:
International Journal of Legal Studies (IJOLS); 2017, 2(2); 255-267
2543-7097
2544-9478
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Legal Studies (IJOLS)
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
PRAWO PRACY I ZRÓWNOWAŻONY BUDŻET: DWA ROŻNE PUNKTY WIDZENIA MIĘDZY WŁOCHAMI A UNIĄ EUROPEJSKĄ?
LABOUR LAW AND BALANCED BUDGETS: TWO DIFFERENT POINTS OF VIEW BETWEEN ITALY AND THE EUROPEAN UNION?
Autorzy:
Bianco, Giovanni
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/567599.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12
Wydawca:
Międzynarodowy Instytut Innowacji Nauka – Edukacja – Rozwój w Warszawie
Tematy:
prawo pracy
zrównoważony budżet
dual mandate
labor law
balanced budget
double mandate
Opis:
Europejskie prawodawstwo w zakresie polityki zatrudnienia jest emblematycznie reprezento-wane przez system zarządzany przez Europejski Bank Centralny (EBC), w którym w pierw-szej kolejności liczy się stabilność cen, a następnie cała reszta. W przeciwieństwie do innych podobnych instytucji EBC jest jedynym bankiem centralnym, którego celem jest tylko utrzy-manie stabilności cen, a właściwie walka z inflacją. W przeciwieństwie do EBC, Federal Reserve w USA posiada tak zwane dual mandate, czyli podwójny cel działania: stabilność cen i zatrudnienia. W tym celu Fed jest realnie zobowiązany do promowania celu maksymalnego zatrudnienia, stabilnych cen i umiarkowanych długoterminowych stóp procentowych, chroniąc w równym stopniu potrzeby gospodarki rynkowej, jak i prawa pracowników.W Unii Europej-\skiej cel stabilności cen jest w istocie nadrzędny wobec wszystkich innych, nawet tych, które artykuł 3 Traktatu o Unii Europejskiej wydawał się stawiać na równym poziomie. Walka z bezrobociem staje się zatem drugorzędna, nawet jeśli, jak na przykład we włoskiej konstytucji, prawo do pracy od 1948 r. jest uważane za fundamentalne prawo.Decydujące jest to, że domi-nującą wartość przypisuje się stabilności monetarnej, osłabiając w konsekwencji polityki - potencjalnie inflacyjne - takie jak polityka pracy oraz inne bodźce ekonomiczne.Dlatego nowe polityki UE dotyczące spraw finansowych, mają mieć silny wpływ na regulację praw pracowniczych w poszczególnych państwach, a przede wszystkim we Włoszech, gdzie zasada zrów-noważonego budżetu w 2012 r. stała się konstytucyjnym przepisem.
The European legislation on labour policies is emblematically represented by the system man-aged by the European Central Bank (ECB) in which price stability first comes, then all the rest. Unlike other similar institutions, the ECB is the only central bank whose sole objective is to maintain price stability, or better win the fight against inflation. Unlike the ECB, the US Fed-eral Reserve has the so-called dual mandates, which is a dual objective of intervention: price stability and employment. In this sense, the Fed is required to effectively promote the objec-tives of maximum employment, stable prices and moderate long-term interest rates, protecting in an equal way both the needs of the market economy and the rights of workers.In the European Union, in general, the objective of price stability is in fact superordinate to all the others, even those that Art. 3 of the Treaty of the European Union seemed to be on the same level. The fight against unemployment therefore becomes secondary even if, for example, in the Italian constitution the right to work since 1948 is considered a fundamental right.The decisive point is that the prevailing value is attributed to monetary stability with the consequent weak-ening of policies - potentially inflationary - such as the active ones of labour and more general-ly of stimulus of the economy.The new EU policies on financial issues are therefore destined to have a strong impact on the regulation of workers' rights in individual states. And above all in Italy where the principle of a balanced budget in 2012 even became a constitutional provision.
Źródło:
International Journal of Legal Studies (IJOLS); 2018, 4(2); 457-467
2543-7097
2544-9478
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Legal Studies (IJOLS)
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2

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