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    Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5
    Tytuł:
    Exploring Informal Vocational Training (IVT) and its Missing Accreditation Link with Formal Vocational, Technical and Professional Education and their Implications: A Sociological Study in a City of India
    Autorzy:
    Bazaz, Rabiya Yaseen
    Akram, Mohammad
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/18653965.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-09-27
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
    Tematy:
    Informal vocational training (IVT)
    Vocational education and training (VET)
    technical and professional education
    employment
    structured inequalities
    Opis:
    Aim. This empirical study aims to conceptualise the prevalence of Informal Vocational Training (IVT) in India. It also explores the missing link at accreditation level between IVTs and other formal vocational, technical and professional courses and depicts their implications in the occupational, economic, social and cultural lives of people. Methods. This study was conducted in the Srinagar city of the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir in India. Both the survey method and the case method were used for collecting the primary data and applying triangulation methodologically. Results. This study reveals that elites generally dominate in the prestigious technical and professional courses because of better accessibility and affordability, and that the vulnerable sections miss many of these opportunities. The vulnerable sections very often get the benefits of IVTs learnt outside the formal system in finding some employment, but such employment attracts lower prestige and income than what they get through formal technical and professional courses. IVTs find no academic recognition in the existing accreditation system, and so people culturally and socially associated with these IVTs continue to remain deprived. Conclusion. There is a need to develop a credit-based link between IVTs and formal vocational, technical and professional courses so that the skills learnt through IVTs could get transferred to the formal system and attract better occupational and economic rewards. The findings are relevant for both developing and developed societies, but more particularly for societies having a considerable presence of informal economy because IVTs exist more within these economies.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Education Culture and Society; 2022, 13, 2; 317-340
    2081-1640
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Education Culture and Society
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Exploring Gender and Caste Intersectionality among Muslims: A Sociological Study
    Autorzy:
    Bazaz, Rabiya Yaseen
    Akram, Mohammad
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1878456.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-09-25
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
    Tematy:
    Gender
    Caste
    Education
    Employment
    Patriarchy
    Opis:
    Aim Caste studies conducted among Muslims in India generally focus on establishing the existence of caste system among Muslims but they seldom talk about different types of oppression and inequalities faced byMuslim women.This empirical study exploreshow gender and caste identities and their mutual intersectionality impact education,occupation and income choices and actual attainments of Muslim women. Methods This study is part of a larger study conducted among Muslims of Kashmir in India.Primary datawas collected from 704 eligible respondents (Male=392, Female=312) using mixed methods. Three layers of ‘caste like’ and ‘caste’ groups existing in the research area are identified and gender situation within these groups are comparatively examined. Results Each of the ‘caste like’ and ‘caste’ groupshas patriarchal caste capital.Higher professions within the government and private services are largely acquired by upper caste male Muslims or other male and female Muslims having rich cultural and social capital. There is preponderance of lower caste male Muslims in low income self-employment but lower caste Muslim females seldom find say in family based business and compelled to join low paid private jobs. More than fifty percent educated Muslim females are unemployed. Conclusion Although patriarchy is the general rule here, not all women face discrimination and inequality in the same way. Upper caste Muslim women often witness so called benevolent restriction of choices whereas lower caste women are the most excluded and marginalised section of the society who face double discrimination due to patriarchy and interwoven caste positions which severely impacts their educational as well as employment choices and attainments. 
    Źródło:
    Journal of Education Culture and Society; 2021, 12, 2; 190-210
    2081-1640
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Education Culture and Society
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Background Characteristics of the Individuals Attaining Higher Education in India: A Sociological Study of Srinagar City
    Autorzy:
    Bazaz, Rabiya Yaseen
    Akram, Mohammad
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/628345.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
    Tematy:
    social background; courses within higher education; higher education in different contexts; gender; caste; parent’s background; descriptive study.
    Opis:
    Aim: Higher education has experienced major changes in last few decades in India in terms of its expansion, content and reach. Massification of higher education has increased access to education and people belonging to different social backgrounds are getting enrolled in higher education. A pertinent question that emerges here is: what kind of relationship exists between the background characteristics of people and the levels and types of higher education they attain? This descriptive study provides a comprehensive answer. Method: This empirical work is conducted in Srinagar city of India. It covered 704 respondents belonging to 245 households. Survey method was used for collecting primary data and structured interviews were conducted by making use of interview-schedule. Results: This study finds that higher education in Srinagar is readily available for many but such availability is embedded within constraints related to gender, age, occupation and education of parents and caste related identities. People coming from different social backgrounds acquire different types and levels of higher education. It creates hierarchy among and within academic courses of higher education and inequalities among the groups. Conclusion: Higher education reflects as well as promotes social inequalities in contemporary context and thus the egalitarian goals of higher education are getting compromised. There is need to bring change in the courses and contents of higher education so that it can address to dynamic needs of people coming from different backgrounds. Education needs to become a vehicle for liberation and social transformation and should not remain a mere agency of social reproduction. Key words: social background; courses within higher education; higher education in different contexts; gender; caste; parent’s background; descriptive study.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Education Culture and Society; 2020, 11, 2; 252-266
    2081-1640
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Education Culture and Society
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Quick Handover in 5G for High Speed Railways and Highways Using Forward Handover and PN Sequence Detection
    Autorzy:
    Kawser, Mohammad T.
    Abir-Hassan, Kazi Md.
    Haque, Md. Atiqul
    Ahmed, Sakif
    Akram, Mohammad Rubbyat
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2202998.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    5G
    High Speed Vehicles
    Forward Handover
    PN Sequence
    Radio Link Failure
    Ping-Pong
    Opis:
    The cellular users, on high speed railways and highways, travel at a very high speed and follow a nearly straight path, in general. Thus, they typically undergo a maximum frequency of handovers in the cellular environment. This requires a very fast triggering of the handover. In the existing method of handover in 5G cellular communication, for high speed users, neither the decision-making of handover nor the triggering of handover is sufficiently fast. This can lead to poor signal quality and packet losses and in the worst case, radio link failure (RLF) during a handover. This paper proposes a forward handover based method, combined with PN sequence detections, to facilitate a quicker handover for high speed users on railways and highways. The proposed method adds some complexity but can offer a significant improvement in the overall handover delay. A simplistic simulation is used to demonstrate the improvement of the proposed method.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2023, 69, 1; 147--153
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Seat-belt use and associated factors among drivers and front passengers in the metropolitan city of Peshawar, Pakistan: A cross sectional study
    Korzystanie z pasów bezpieczeństwa i czynniki powiązane wśród kierowców i pasażerów na przednim fotelu w metropolii Peszawar, Pakistan: Badanie przekrojowe
    Autorzy:
    Khaliq, Abdul
    Khan, Muhammad Naseem
    Ahmad, Fayaz
    Khattak, Farhad Ali
    Ullah, Irfan
    Akram, Mohammad
    Arif, Nauman
    Haq, Zia Ul
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1033278.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Pomocy Doraźnej
    Tematy:
    Seat-belt use
    drivers
    front passengers
    morbidity
    mortality
    road traffic accidents
    Opis:
    INTRODUCTION: Road traffic accidents is a major public health problem with an estimate to become the ninth leading cause of death worldwide. Pakistan yearly spends around 100 billion rupees on injuries and ranks 5th due to the fatality associated with road traffic accidents. Seat-belt use decreases the fatality amongst drivers and front-seat passengers by around 45–50%. Therefore, the current study was aimed to determine seat belt use among drivers and front passengers and its association of demographic factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out from October 2016 to March 2017. The city was categorized into five major geographical areas and from each of these areas two roads were randomly selected from the list of the available roads. Data collection was done in the petrol pumps located on these roads and every fifth vehicle interviewed. Data was collected on an adapted tool with information regarding use of seat-belt and socio-demographic factors. Data was analyzed, using STATA version 13.1. RESULTS: A total of 1690 vehicles were interviewed during the time period. Around one third (35.5%) of the drivers were using seat-belt when approached and none of the front passengers. Around three fourth (72.2%) of the drivers reported avoiding fines and penalties as the main reason for using seat-belts. The main reason reported for not wearing seat-belt was embarrassment and was reported by around half of the drivers (45.6%) and front passenger (42.8%). On logistic regression education, type of vehicle and years of experience were independently associated with seat-belt use. Driving experience and education were negatively associated with seat-belt use while the use was less in private cars compared to taxis. CONCLUSIONS: Seat belt use in drivers of the metropolitan city of Peshawar was quite low and ironically was none in the front passengers. Avoiding fines and penalties was the main reason for seat-belt use which was common in taxis. Policy makers and planners should impose regulations and implementation of seat-belt use by all passengers to reduce the morbidity and mortality following road traffic accidents.
    WSTĘP: Wypadki drogowe to poważny problem zdrowia publicznego, który według szacunków może stać się dziewiątą główną przyczyną zgonów na świecie. Pakistan rocznie wydaje około 100 miliardów rupii na leczenie obrażeń i zajmuje piąte miejsce z powodu śmiertelnych wypadków drogowych. Korzystanie z pasów bezpieczeństwa zmniejsza śmiertelność wśród kierowców i pasażerów siedzących z przodu o około 45–50%. Dlatego obecne badanie miało na celu określenie użycia pasów bezpieczeństwa wśród kierowców i pasażerów na przednim fotelu oraz powiązanie czynników demograficznych. MATERIAŁ I METODY: Badanie przekrojowe przeprowadzono od października 2016 r. do marca 2017 r. Miasto zostało podzielone na pięć głównych obszarów geograficznych i z każdego z tych obszarów losowo wybrano dwie drogi z listy dostępnych dróg. Zbieranie danych odbywało się w stacjach paliwowych znajdujących się przy tych drogach i przeprowadzaono wywiad w co piątym pojeździe. Dane zebrano na dostosowanym narzędziu z informacjami dotyczącymi stosowania pasów bezpieczeństwa i czynników społeczno-demograficznych. Dane zostały przeanalizowane przy użyciu STATA w wersji 13.1. WYNIKI: W czasie badania przeprowadzono wywiad z 1690 użytkownikami pojazdów. Około jedna trzecia (35,5%) kierowców korzystała z pasów bezpieczeństwa, ale żaden z pasażerów na przednim fotelu. Około trzy czwarte (72,2%) kierowców wskazało na unikanie kar jako główny powód używania pasów bezpieczeństwa. Głównym powodem, dla którego zgłaszano brak zapinania pasów bezpieczeństwa, było zażenowanie i zgłosiło je około połowa kierowców (45,6%) i pasażerowie z przodu (42,8%). W edukacji regresji logistycznej rodzaj pojazdu i lata doświadczenia były niezależnie związane z używaniem pasów bezpieczeństwa. Doświadczenie w prowadzeniu pojazdu i edukacja były negatywnie związane z używaniem pasów bezpieczeństwa, podczas gdy korzystanie z nich było mniejsze w samochodach prywatnych w porównaniu do taksówek. WNIOSKI: Używanie pasów bezpieczeństwa przez kierowców metropolii Peszawar było dość niskie i, jak na ironię, żaden z pasażerów nie korzystał z pasów. Unikanie grzywien i kar było głównym powodem używania pasów bezpieczeństwa, który był powszechny w taksówkach. Decydenci i planiści powinni narzucić przepisy i wdrażać stosowanie pasów bezpieczeństwa przez wszystkich pasażerów, aby zmniejszyć zachorowalność i śmiertelność w wyniku wypadków drogowych.
    Źródło:
    Critical Care Innovations; 2020, 3, 2; 1-15
    2545-2533
    Pojawia się w:
    Critical Care Innovations
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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