Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

Wyszukujesz frazę "A.K." wg kryterium: Autor


Tytuł:
Ichnotaxonomy as a science
Autorzy:
Rindsberg, A. K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/191834.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
Tematy:
taxonomy
ichnotaxobases
trace fossils
ichnology
standardized classification
Opis:
If ichnotaxonomy is to be scientific, then its results must be repeatable. While some ichnotaxa are identified consistently, others are not, suggesting that ichnotaxonomy is not a mature science. When researchers disagree on the identification of a specimen, it suggests that closer examination is needed: an intermediate stage in the scientific method. But when ichnologists publish different names for the same trace fossils, multiple trials of classification have yielded different results, suggesting a failure of the hypotheses that led to the names. The burgeoning of invertebrate ichnology from the 1960s onward was made possible by demonstrating its utility to the petroleum industry; in part, this was accomplished by simplifying the ichnotaxonomy of common trace fossils to the point where a specialist was not required to make use of them in sedimentology and stratigraphy. The biological aspect of trace fossils, albeit of great interest, was downplayed in favour of a severely geometric approach. Ironically, this has had the effect of obscuring basic relationships of trace fossils and their palaeoenvironments that could be of great use to sedimentologists. Previous researchers have emphasized the value of a uniform approach in ichnotaxonomy. To accomplish this, ichnologists should take inspiration from the taxonomy of body fossils. Making ichnotaxonomy more replicable will take time and effort among investigators. In the long run, this can be accomplished by a holistic approach that includes close observation of trace fossils, standardized procedures of description and diagnosis, reinvestigation of type material, attention to bioprint (morphological traits that reveal the anatomical and ethological characteristics of the tracemakers; Rindsberg and Kopaska-Merkel, 2005), avoidance of taphonomic and human bias, and above all, cooperation.
Źródło:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2018, 88, 2; 91-110
0208-9068
Pojawia się w:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ montmorylonitu na właściwości reologiczne wodnych dyspersji karboksymetyloskrobi
Influence of montmorillonite on the rheological properties of water disperisons of carboxymethyl starch
Autorzy:
Antosik, A. K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/172201.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne
Tematy:
karboksymetyloskrobia
montmorylonit
wodne dyspersje
carboxymethyl starch
montmorillonite
water dispersion
Opis:
Water dispersions are usually a colloidal system in which one of the phases is highly dispersed in a second of a continuous nature, called a dispersion medium (in this case it is water). Dispersal is also called the process of distraction and self- -disperse as such. Water dispersions of carboxymethyl starch are the basis for the preparation of many products that, due to their initial dispersion form, can be modified, e.g. by adding fillers such as biodegradable films that affect the rheological properties of the dispersion [1]. The carboxymethyl derivative of starch was synthesized for the first time in 1924. The carboxymethylation reaction has become one of the most important starch modifications used in the industry on a large scale. Carboxymethyl starch (CMS) is characterized by a good solubility in cold water and higher resistance to bacteria than unmodified starch [7–9]. The carboxymethyl starch is obtained by the reaction of carboxymethylation (etherification) of the alkaline starch consisting in the introduction of the substituents into the structure of the starch, by reaction with monochloroacetic acid sodium salt. This process is called Williamson’s synthesis and CMS with different degree of substitution can be obtained by means of the mentioned process [10, 11]. The degree of substitution of carboxymethyl starch has a significant influence on its rheological properties, water dispersion of CMS with DS = 0.87 showed five times higher viscosity than CMS with lower value of this parameter, i.e. 0.15. Water dispersions with an increase in the montmorillonite content showed a high viscosity increase (about twice the increase in viscosity with the addition of 3% by weight). In both cases, aqueous dispersions stored above one month may be subject to the environmental degradation. In addition, in cases of compositions containing MMT, a rapid drop in viscosity due to the montmorillonite sedimentation is observed [17]. Rheological research of water carboxymethyl starch dispersions has great importance for science and for the subsequent application possibilities of products obtained on their basis. The effect of fillers on viscosity, and thus on the possibility of mixing them with aqueous CMS dispersions, affects, for example, the production of biodegradable films based on CMS with MMT, where the film is obtained from an aqueous dispersion of CMS with MMT with the addition of glycerine and citric acid [22]. Moreover, water dispersion of carboxymethyl starch with the addition of montmorillonite can be used as an additive to drilling fluids, electro-reed liquids or foundry adhesives [17].
Źródło:
Wiadomości Chemiczne; 2018, 72, 11-12; 829-839
0043-5104
2300-0295
Pojawia się w:
Wiadomości Chemiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Regulacje prawne dotyczące zabezpieczenia wagonów kolejowych w przeprawach promowych pomiędzy Polską a Szwecją
Security regulations for rail wagons ferry statnions in connection between Poland and Sweden
Autorzy:
Lorenc, A. K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/311247.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
przeprawa promowa
prom
bezpieczeństwo żeglugi
wagon kolejowy
przepisy prawne
transport ładunków
railway wagon
ferry
goods transport
ferry passages
safety of navigation
legislation
Opis:
W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono zestawienie obowiązujących przepisów dotyczących zabezpieczania wagonów kolejowych w czasie przepraw promowych pomiędzy Polską, a Szwecją. Obecnie nie ma ujednoliconych przepisów warunkujących tego typu przewozy, są one jednak regulowane przez szereg dokumentów, przy czym najbardziej kompletne wytyczne można znaleźć w CSS CODE opublikowanym przez IMO (International Maritime Organization). Obecnie trwają także prace nad ujednoliceniem przepisów „Guidelines for Packing of Cargo Transport Units (CTUs)” przez IMO, ILO, UNECE, których aktualna wersja weszła w życie w 1997 roku. Przepisy określają wymagania co do składowania i oprzyrządowania zabezpieczającego ładunek, a dokładniej odnoszą się do wartości sił powstających od przyśpieszeń, przechyłów statku i masy ładunku oraz jego mocowania. Przestrzeganie tych przepisów i zaleceń pozwala na bezpieczny transport ładunków z wykorzystaniem przepraw promowych.
In this paper is present a summary of existing security legislation to ferry rail wagons during between the Polish and Sweden. There are currently no clear rules determining this type of transportation, however, they are regulated by a number of documents with the most complete rules can be found in CSS CODE published by IMO (International Maritime Organization). Work is currently underway to harmonize the rules „Guidelines for Packing of Cargo Transport Units (CTUs)” by IMO, ILO, UNECE, thay the current version was implemented in 1997. Regulations specify requirements for storage and cargo security equipment, and more specifically refers to the forces resulting from acceleration, ships tilts and weight of the load and its securing.Observance of these rules and recommendations allows for safe transport of cargo with the use of ferries.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2013, 14, 3; 163-172
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies