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Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3
Tytuł:
Практичні виклики та реальні потенції е-демократії: український варіант
Practical challenges and real potential of e-democracy: Ukrainian variant
Autorzy:
Денисюк, Світлана
Корнієнко, Валерій
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/489285.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe w Żytomierzu
Tematy:
e-democracy,
e-governance,
e-participation,
e-petition,
digital inequality,
information-communication technologies
Opis:
The article analyzes the peculiarities and problems of introducing e-democracy in Ukraine. It is noted that separate e-democracy tools, namely, e-reception of the mayor, possibility to submit e-appeals, holding on-line polls etc. have been introduced in many cities of Ukraine. A common e-appeal portal, “e-parliament” have been created, the system of e-petitions has been introduced. The article looks into the development of e-democracy in the context of four components: transparency, accountability, civic education and e-participation. Attention is drawn to the fact that under certain circumstances e democracy may become an imitation of democracy, a technology for manipulation. It is stated that introduction of e-participation tools alone does not guarantee their wide usage by the population, and what is most important – their usage with the aim of causing quality changes in governance. That is why a very important task is to raise the level of civic education with regard to e-democracy. This may be proved by the results of the first year after the introduction of the system of e-petitions to the central bodies of executive power and the single system of local petitions in Ukraine. Many of the submitted petitions either contradicted the norms of Ukrainian legislation or were sent to those bodies of power, which are not competent to solve the issue. The article draws attention to the problem of digital inequality, i.e. the level of Internet access among the citizens of Ukraine. According to different evaluations, form 14 to 26 million people are active Internet users in Ukraine, and from21% to 29% of those constantly visit the sites of the bodies of power and local self-governing. Even though a mass introduction of various electronic services may be observed, it is also necessary to increase the popularity and the level of trust to electronic systems of the society in general as it is one of the least computerized ones in Europe. According to Google data, a bit more than 60% of Ukrainians are Internet-users. The authors insist that for effective e-democracy functioning, it is necessary to strengthen the infrastructural component. The existence of the material and technical base is the necessary condition for the development e-literacy among the population, which, in its turn, will lead to their active participation in e-democracy processes. It is obvious that the citizens of Ukraine cannot effectively use the existing and potential possibilities in the sphere of e-governance unless they have the sufficient competence level and have the access to the information-communication technologies. The article analyzes the situation in which the paradox of creating a “false democracy” arouses, meaning the situation when specialists make an effort to form e-democracy tools and the target group does not know about them, people do not have the necessary competence level for using these resources, there is no interest in using the concrete instruments. So it becomes understandable that attention should be focused on using effective practices of e-democracy functioning, on raising citizen competence and on encouraging them to actively participate in state building through e-democracy, e-participation etc. It has been determined that in case of uniting the efforts of IT-specialists, public activists and representatives of the authorities and business, a complex evaluation of the needs of modern society and effective mechanisms of e-democracy introduction will be received. Internet-technologies have unbelievable possibilities, and searching for like-minded people online and attracting people to common activity (“crowdsourcing”) may become one of effective mechanisms of introduction of e-democracy instruments. One of the best examples of its usage in Ukraine was the so-called “e-Maydan”. A conclusion has been made that the existence of considerable restrictions in Internet access (electronic inequality), low level of interest in e-communication the public bodies of power among Internet-users, lack of competence in e-governance and e-democracy, low level of interest among the citizens to e-communication in general; absence of Internet-platforms for mass deliberation and selection of acute sociopolitical issues etc. are all among the problems of implementation of e-democracy. Transparency, decrease of bureaucracy levels, increasing the efficiency of state institutions etc. should be the results of e-democracy introduction.
Źródło:
Studia Politologica Ucraino-Polona; 2017, 7; 194-200
2312-8933
Pojawia się w:
Studia Politologica Ucraino-Polona
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Чинники та особливості політичної адаптації внутрішньо переміщених осіб в Україні
Czynniki i osobliwości politycznej adaptacji wewnętrznych migrantów na Ukrainie
Autorzy:
Денисюк, Світлана
Корнієнко, Валерій
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/489490.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe w Żytomierzu
Tematy:
adaptation
political adaptation
internally displaced person
political behavior
political consciousness
Opis:
The article analyses the problems of political adaptation of Ukrainians. Military conflict in the East of Ukraine, annexation of the Crimea, socioeconomic crisis, distrust to power institutions have all caused a number of issues associated with the internally displaced people. Political adaptive relations in the society are viewed as processes of identification in which a person identifies him\herself with certain aims and political values. The main problem, which internally displaced people face, include access to social services, having a constant place of residence and registering at the new place of residence. Such citizens receive help through oblast administrations and NGOs. As practice shows, the actions of the authorities regarding the problems of internally displaced people are mostly of a declarative nature. However, in addition to social and psychological, political adaptation is also important as it facilitates the integration of a society and its development. Factors that influence the political adaptation of internally displaced people in the modern Ukrainian society have been identified. 1. The set system of relations between a person and the state is ruined due to state institution crisis and power decentralization. 2. The possibilities for political activity of individuals as well as social groups in the course of exercising their rights and satisfying their interests are widened. 3. Activation of non-governmental institutions facilitates the organized citizen participation in the political process, which facilitates the popularization of an active public opinion. 4. Peculiarities of the work of political actors, their reputation, level of responsibility and efficiency. 5. Social environment of a person, level of his/her education and political culture. 6. Mass media, which popularize certain patterns of political behavior, manipulate consciousness, impose stereotypes etc. The author notes that internally displaced people are limited in their rights and freedoms in comparison with the rest of the population (deprivation of the right to vote, discriminative control of their place of residence, limitations as to the choice of a banking institution for receiving pensions and social support etc.). internally displaced people actually have no right to participate in solving local issues, despite the fact that this right is guaranteed by the Constitution of Ukraine. By this we mean participation in public hearings, local initiatives, general assembly of the community. In addition, internally displaced people cannot participate in establishment of bodies of population self-organization, which is one of the important forms of participation of territorial community members in solving local issues. There is an ambiguous attitude towards the IDPs from the East of Ukraine – compassion mixed with apprehension. On the one hand, local authorities wish to provide maximum possible help for the internally displaced people. At the same time, there is a growing tension in the relations due to the increasing number of citizens who died in the zone of the conflict. One of the key problems that hinders the adaptation of IDPs is the absence of a common national program concerning the internally displaces people as well as of a body that would be directly responsible for dealing with the issues of IDPs. Consequently, displaced people cannot trust state institutions, may perceive the political system as an enemy that does not facilitate their socialization. The process of political adaptation of internally displaced people to the change of political space has certain peculiar features. 1. Social disorientation is caused by the deformation of the socioeconomic system of a society and is a consequence of destruction of social links, statuses and roles, the system of political norms, behavioral ideals. 2. New social identification happens through establishment of new social identities and entering the institutional structure of a society. 3. Collective political participation is carried out through citizen associations, influence on making important political decisions is made at the level of non-governmental institutions. 4. Tolerance to value foundations of a democratic society is being established.
Źródło:
Studia Politologica Ucraino-Polona; 2018, 8; 127-131
2312-8933
Pojawia się w:
Studia Politologica Ucraino-Polona
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Імідж України у внутрішньополітичних і геополітичних контекстах сучасності
Wizerunek Ukrainy w wewnętrzno i zewnętrznopolitycznych kontekstach współczesności
Autorzy:
Денисюк, Світлана
Корнієнко, Валерій
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/489436.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe w Żytomierzu
Tematy:
image of the state,
international image,
geopolitical interests,
Euromaidan,
SWOT-analysis of Ukraine
Opis:
The article considers the components and the forming factors of modern Ukrainian image. Attention is focused on the unique geographical location of Ukraine, which causes both advantages and significant political problems for the country. The authors defines internal and external factors which negatively affected the perception of Ukraine by other countries of the world. These factors include political instability, low living standards, developing corruption, torture and imprisonment of Euromaidan activists etc. The elements of a positive Ukrainian image in such areas like sport, culture, history and science are shown in the article. These advantages should be considered to build an optimal image of the country and to promote it through various mass media channels, including Diaspora`s potential. Investigating the quality of Ukrainian image and its real ranking among countries, as well as citizens` choice of geopolitical partners the data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine on foreign investment figures Human Development Index, ranking of global competitiveness, SWOT-analysis, the results of the public opinion of the Razumkov Centre and Ilko Kucheriv Democratic Initiatives Foundation were included. In order to improve the image of Ukraine in geopolitical context the authors suggest developing a unified position on various social and political issues , which will be covered by foreign media, pursuing an active information policy of a specific institution with proper funding, clearly defining geopolitical priorities and self- determination, reconstructing the existing political system as there are favorable conditions and urgent need for such changes.
Źródło:
Studia Politologica Ucraino-Polona; 2014, 4; 93-100
2312-8933
Pojawia się w:
Studia Politologica Ucraino-Polona
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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