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    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
    Tytuł:
    The Relationships of Texture and Hydrophysical Properties in Soil Profiles Under Selected Exotic Trees in the Context of Climate Change in Central Europe
    Autorzy:
    Polláková, Nora
    Šimanský, Vladimír
    Jonczak, Jerzy
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1838319.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    available water
    drought
    porosity
    soil aeration
    soil texture
    wilting point
    Opis:
    Suitable soil and environmental conditions are the main prerequisites for successful growth of plants. Generally, all soil properties are substantially affected by textural composition. Therefore, the objective of the study was to test the interrelationships between particle size distribution and such physical soil properties, which usually predetermine the survival/death of plants, since they significantly affect the content and availability of water and air. Textural composition and physical soil properties were studied in profiles under monocultures of selected exotic trees in Arboretum Mlyňany, Slovakia. The results showed that medium-textured dominated in topsoils, whereas heavy-textured classes were dominant in luvic and stagnic horizons. Evaluation of entire profiles had confirmed standard, expected relationships between the individual grain fractions and soil physical properties. However, differences have occurred when the correlations between texture and physical properties in individual horizons were evaluated. Considering entire soil profiles, increased sand content significantly supported drainage of rainwater and soil aeration; silt contributed to increase the total porosity and aeration as well as available water capacity; clay contributed to the decrease in the available water capacity, total, and particularly coarse porosity and aeration, and to rise water retention, as well as the values of the wilting point. The results showed silt as key fraction providing suitable hydrophysical properties for the survival and growth of trees introduced in Arboretum. In compacted luvic and stagnic horizons, silt was significantly involved in the formation of total, and particularly coarse porosity and thereby increase soil aeration, while conversely, in loose topsoils just silt fraction significantly contributed to the reduction of coarse pores and increase of fine capillary pores and therefore water retention. In loose eluvial horizons, the silt contributed to significant increases in capillary porosity and water availability, which is essential in terms of meeting the plant needs.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 6; 244-252
    2299-8993
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Relationships of Texture and Hydrophysical Properties in Soil Profiles Under Selected Exotic Trees in the Context of Climate Change in Central Europe
    Autorzy:
    Polláková, Nora
    Šimanský, Vladimír
    Jonczak, Jerzy
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1838349.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    available water
    drought
    porosity
    soil aeration
    soil texture
    wilting point
    Opis:
    Suitable soil and environmental conditions are the main prerequisites for successful growth of plants. Generally, all soil properties are substantially affected by textural composition. Therefore, the objective of the study was to test the interrelationships between particle size distribution and such physical soil properties, which usually predetermine the survival/death of plants, since they significantly affect the content and availability of water and air. Textural composition and physical soil properties were studied in profiles under monocultures of selected exotic trees in Arboretum Mlyňany, Slovakia. The results showed that medium-textured dominated in topsoils, whereas heavy-textured classes were dominant in luvic and stagnic horizons. Evaluation of entire profiles had confirmed standard, expected relationships between the individual grain fractions and soil physical properties. However, differences have occurred when the correlations between texture and physical properties in individual horizons were evaluated. Considering entire soil profiles, increased sand content significantly supported drainage of rainwater and soil aeration; silt contributed to increase the total porosity and aeration as well as available water capacity; clay contributed to the decrease in the available water capacity, total, and particularly coarse porosity and aeration, and to rise water retention, as well as the values of the wilting point. The results showed silt as key fraction providing suitable hydrophysical properties for the survival and growth of trees introduced in Arboretum. In compacted luvic and stagnic horizons, silt was significantly involved in the formation of total, and particularly coarse porosity and thereby increase soil aeration, while conversely, in loose topsoils just silt fraction significantly contributed to the reduction of coarse pores and increase of fine capillary pores and therefore water retention. In loose eluvial horizons, the silt contributed to significant increases in capillary porosity and water availability, which is essential in terms of meeting the plant needs.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 6; 244-252
    2299-8993
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Biochar and Biochar with N Fertilizer Impact on Soil Physical Properties in a Silty Loam Haplic Luvisol
    Autorzy:
    Horák, Ján
    Šimanský, Vladimír
    Igaz, Dušan
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/125328.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    biochar
    soil moisture
    soil temperature
    bulk density
    N fertilization
    Opis:
    Recently, a lot of studies focused on the effects of biochar application to agricultural soils and its influence on the soil properties. However, only limited information is available on the simultaneous impact of N-fertilizer combined with biochar to soil physical propersies such as: soil moisture, soil temperature, bulk density and waterfilled pore space. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the soil physical properties of a silty loam Haplic Luvisol affected by the biochar application and its combination with N fertilizer during the years 2014–2016 (Experimental site of SUA-Nitra, Dolná Malanta, Slovakia). The field experiment was carried out in 2014 with different biochar application doses (0, 10 and 20 t ha-1) and different rate of N fertilization (0, 1st and 2nd level of N fertilization). The results showed that the both biochar amendment and biochar with N fertilizer increased the soil moisture in the range of 1 to 15%, on average. The higher rate of biochar resulted in higher soil moisture in all treatments with biochar in the following order B0 (14.9) < B10 (15.1) < B20 (16.2) as well as in biochar in combination with N fertilization: B0N1 (14.6) < B10N1 (15.7) < B20N1 (16.2) as well as B0N2 (14.8) < B10N2 (15.8) < B20N2 (16.0) during the years of 2014–2016. A positive trend of water-filled pore space increase by the time in all studied treatments was observed. No significant changes in the average soil temperature were observed between the biochar and biochar with N fertilization treatments during the growing seasons of individual years. The higher rate of biochar resulted in lower soil bulk density in all treatments with biochar in combination with N fertilization in the following order: B0N1 (1.49) > B10N1 (1.47) > B20N1 (1.44) as well as B0N2 (1.51) > B10N2 (1.47) > B20N2 (1.39) during years the studied period (2014–2016).
    Źródło:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2019, 20, 7; 31-38
    2299-8993
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Biochar Substrates and their Combination with Fertilization as a Factor Affecting the Changes in pH and Surface Charge of Soil Particles in Soils with Different Texture
    Autorzy:
    Šimanský, Vladimír
    Chlpík, Juraj
    Horváthová, Jarmila
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2086422.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    soil pH
    zero charge
    effeco
    arenosol
    chernozem
    Opis:
    In 2017 the field experiments were established at two localities of the South-west Slovakia (1 Dolná Streda: sandy Arenosol and 2 Veľké Úľany: loamy Chernozem). The experiments involved biochar substrates (1 BS1 mix biochar, sheep manure and 2 BS2 mix biochar, sheep manure and digestate) in two application doses (10 and 20 t ha-1), which were applied independently compared with the unfertilized control (Co-NF) and combined with additional fertilization versus the fertilized control (Co-F), in order to verify their impacts on the changes of soil properties. In the spring and autumn of 2018–2020, within these experiments the soil samples were taken to determine the range of effect of the tested biochar substrates (BS) and also their combination with fertilization (F) on the changes of soil pH and surface charge of soil particles in the soils different in texture. The results pointed out the fact that a more significant effect of tested BS on soil pH was detected in sandy soil than loamy soil. In sandy soil, only the application of BS2 in doses 10 and 20 t ha-1 statistically significantly increased the soil pH in H2O in comparison with Co-NF. The application BS1 + F in dose 10 t ha-1 and BS2+F in dose 20 t ha-1 statistically significantly increased pH in KCl compared with Co-F. The fertilization to BS eliminated the considerable decrease of the soil pH in H2O both soils. In sandy soil, pH was substantially regulated by the content of alkali cations themselves in BS; however, in loamy soil, it occurred as a result of the increase of the content of soil organic carbon after the application of BS (R2 = 0.339), but also BS + F (R2 = 0.468). In sandy soil, the application of BS itself, owing to the change of the surface charge, influenced predominantly the sorption of anions. Conversely, the additional fertilization to BS treatments had an impact on the sorption of cations. In loamy soil, the application of BS and BS + F as a result of the change of surface charge did not have any significant effect on the total soil sorption.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 5; 44--53
    2299-8993
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Suitability of Carbon and Nitrogen Management Indices for the Evaluation of Soil Organic Matter under Different Soil Management Practices in a Productive Vineyard
    Autorzy:
    Šimanský, Vladimír
    Horváthová, Jarmila
    Jonczak, Jerzy
    Polláková, Nora
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955422.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    vineyard
    soil organic matter
    carbon index
    nitrogen index
    Opis:
    Soil organic matter (SOM) is considered to be the most important part in the soil. C and N and their forms are most often used to evaluate SOM. In the last decades, C indices have begun to be used to assess soil quality for C changes in SOM due to the different soil management. Since C cycle is closely related to N, there is an assumption that N indices (derived in the same way as C indices) will be sensitive to N changes in SOM under the different soil management. The objective of the study was to evaluate the extent of C and N indices on C and N changes in SOM (in Rendzic Leptosol) under the different soil management practices (1. G: grass and no fertilization – as control; 2. T: tillage; 3. T+FYM: tillage + farmyard manure; 4. G+NPK3: grass + NPK 125–50–185 kg ha-1; 5. G+NPK1: grass + NPK 100–30–120 kg ha-1) in a productive vineyard (Nitra-Dražovce; Slovakia) during the period of 13 years. The results showed that the soil organic carbon (SOC) was reduced by 26% compared to G because of intensive cultivation on one hand, but on the other hand, in T + FYM treatment no significant changes in SOC over the 13 years of the experiment were observed. A higher labile carbon (CL) content was in G+NPK3 then follows: G+NPK1 > G > T+FYM > T for topsoil (0-30 cm). In topsoil, carbon lability increased after a higher level of mineral fertilization, while in subsoil (30-60 cm) after intensive cultivation. The values of CPI for topsoil decreased in the following order: G+NPK1 > T+FYM > G+NPK3 > T. Based on CMI values, intensive C changes in the SOM due to the soil management practices were observed in T treatment. The highest accumulation of carbon and decomposable organic matter occurred in G+NPK3. Incorporation of FYM, and both rates of NPK increased values of NMI by 45, 47 and 36% respectively compared to intensive tilled treatment for topsoil. The highest values of the NPI were detected because of farmyard manure application and mineral fertilization at a higher rate (NPK3) for topsoil and because of intensive cultivation between vine rows as well as plowing of FYM for subsoil.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 7; 150-162
    2299-8993
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Fertilization and Application of Different Biochar Types and their Mutual Interactions Influencing Changes of Soil Characteristics in Soils of Different Textures
    Autorzy:
    Šimanský, Vladimír
    Šrank, Dušan
    Jonczak, Jerzy
    Juriga, Martin
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124211.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    soil management
    Effeco
    soil organic matter
    physical characteristics
    soil nutrient regime
    soil sorption
    Opis:
    If we want to develop farming on soil effectively and ecologically, we have to know the soil characteristics, the reasons for the potential low fertility and the ways how to eliminate them. Only this approach allows the rational utilization of the soil fund and achievement of the high effectiveness of the costs needed for the stabilization and increase of fertility and land capability. Recently, many scientific teams have focused their attention on the biochar, a lot of recommendations have been published which are dealing with its application into soil. However, the principal attention has been drawn to the impact of biochar on the particular soils and under the particular conditions. Far less information has been presented about the mutual interactions between the further significant agronomical factors in the combination with biochar. In this primary study, we analyze two new experiments established in the southwest part of Slovakia at the 1 Dolná Streda (sandy soil) and 2 Veľké Uľany (loamy soil) Localities. We discussed (1) the impact of the individual factors on the changes of soil characteristics, and (2) the impact of the individual interactions, such as: soil class – fertilization – biochar on the changes of the soil characteristics. The results indicated that the most significant factor, which influences the monitored soil parameters, is the soil class. The fertilization proved to be a factor which has a negative impact on the humus parameters; on the other hand, it improved the soil sorption. Biochar increased the content of the organic substances in soil and also its environmental effect of retention and immobilization of harmful elements and its positive effect on the soil structure was indicated. The highest frequency of the interactions between the monitored parameters related to the changes of soil characteristics was recorded in the combination fertilization x biochar, and also the soil class x fertilization x biochar.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2019, 20, 5; 149-164
    2299-8993
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Needles and bark of Picea abies (L.) H. Karst and Picea omorika (Pancic) Purk. as bioindicators of environmental quality
    Autorzy:
    Parzych, Agnieszka
    Mochnacky, Sergej
    Sobisz, Zbigniew
    Polláková, Nora
    Šimanský, Vladimír
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2045720.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    accumulation
    heavy metals
    needle age class
    nutrients
    N:P
    K:Ca
    spruce
    Opis:
    The paper presents the results of the research on the accumulation of nutrients and heavy metals in needles and bark of Picea abies and Picea omorika. In this research, the age of the needles and the content of the examined components in the soil were taken into account. The research was conducted within the area of the forest at the University botanic garden in Košice (Slovakia). The little acidification of the soil that was found under the spruce crowns slightly changed with the depth (0.0–0.2 m, 0.2–0.4 m, 0.4–0.6 m). Under the stand of P. abies, a lower content of organic matter was demonstrated, than under the trees of P. omorika. The tested soil samples were low in nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium, and sufficiently rich in potassium and magnesium. The spruce needles were dominated by macroelements, and their concentrations varied depending on age and species. Both P. abies and P. omorika needles were acidic, with 1-year-old needles showing higher acidity. Low nitrogen content in the needles of the studied spruce was found, and the N:P ratio did not exceed 3.5. Statistically significant differences were found in the content of N, K, Ca, Zn, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu and Cd in 1-year-old needles and pH, N, P, Ca, Zn, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu and Cd in 2-yearold needles of spruces. The results also indicate that the bark of the studied spruce is acidic, with pH values of 4.70 (P. abies) and 4.15 (P. omorika). The P. abies bark accumulates higher amounts of Mg, Ca, Ni, Cu and Mn, and the P. omorika bark accumulates more N, P, K, Zn, Fe and Cd. The research indicates that both spruce species barks are suitable for comparative studies on bioindication of environment quality.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2018, 60, 4; 230-240
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7

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