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Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 231
Tytuł:
Investigation for young adults interest in health
Autorzy:
Szoboszlai, Andrea
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/628069.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
Tematy:
health literacy, health culture, young adults, concepts of health and healthy lifestyle, motivations, forms of communication, learning methods
Opis:
Young adulthood is a critical period because it is the time when young people begin to live on their own, and adopt health behaviours which can influence their lifestyle and health status. In social practice there are many community belongings and community-ba-sed support systems and programs in health, which aim to increase young adults’ health literacy and offer learning possibilities and support services.The study focuses on the education and the literacy as determinants of health, seve-ral fields of health education and health promotion related to young adults, elements and determinants of health culture, the links between health and learning, adults’ interest and claims related to learning process, methods, topics.In my research I made a survey of learning methods and contents with the help of the analysis of the scientific literature and by questionnaires. I examined young adults’ (18 to 30) concepts of health and healthy lifestyle, motivations, forms of communication, learningmethods and participation in community platforms of health. We use the results of this research to improve programs that support young people’s learning activities for health.
Źródło:
Journal of Education Culture and Society; 2013, 4, 2; 46-56
2081-1640
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Education Culture and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Młodociani sprawcy rozboju
Young Adults Convicted of Robbery
Autorzy:
Wójcik, Dobrochna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699144.pdf
Data publikacji:
1972
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
młodociani sprawcy
rozbój
young adults
robbery
offender
Opis:
The study presents the findings of an inquiry conducted among 60 young adults (male) serving sentences for robbery in a Warsaw prison. These 60 offenders (aged I7 - 20) formed part of a total of 229 young adults convicted of robbery and confined in this Warsaw prison between 1 October, 1966 and 30 November, 1968, with regard to whom details were secured of their criminal records from the age of ten. Of these 229 young persons, whose average age was 18.8, as many as 76 per cent had previous convictions, 58 per cent of them having appeared in juvenile courts and 48 per cent in criminal courts for offenders over 17 years of age. Of those who had appeared in juvenile courts 42 per cent had three or more appearances. The fact that three-quarters of the young adults convicted of robbery in Warsaw are repeated offenders indicates a need to analyze the types of their offences. As regards offences committed as juveniles, these were usually thefts, the proportion of crimes of violence not exceeding 18 per cent. Above the age of seventeen, however, the structure of their offences changes, since 36 per cent involved acts of physical assault and 14 per cent offences with verbal aggression (i.e. slander); offences against property, on the other hand, came to 48 per cent. The young recidivists convicted of robbery differ basically (p < 0.001) from young adults guilty of other offences (previously surveyed by the Department of Criminology) since the majority of the latter (as much as 67 per cent) were offences against property (usually larceny). The above evidence indicates therefore that the problem of aggressiveness requires special attention in studies of robbery offences committed by young adults. A more detailed inquiry was, as has been said, conducted among 60 young adults serving sentences for robbery, of whom 82 per cent had more than one previous conviction. The control group consisted of 43 young recidivists convicted of various offences (chiefly theft) with the exception of robbery. The first point to be made is that the subjects revealed, according to the accounts of their mothers, marked behaviour disorders as early as pre-school age (overactivity and restlessness, stubbornness, etc.). Evidence of such behaviour disorders below the age of seven was found much more frequently among offenders convicted of robbery (61 per cent) than in the control group containing young adult recidivists who had committed other offences (34 per cent). Only 69 per cent of the robbery offenders had completed the seven grades of elementary school, and of these only 12 pet cent had never been kept back a grade, while 24 per cent had fallen back one grade, 39 per cent two grades and 24 per cent three or more grades. This poor progress at school cannot be explained by lower levers of intelligence since 68 per cent of the subjects had normal IQs, 24.5 per cent were dull, 6.2 per cent were on the borderline of mental deficiency and 2 per cent were morons. Among the young robbery offenders (and the young recidivists as well for that matter) there had been frequent cases of truancy (77 per cent) and this had begun at an early age since almost half had got into the habit before the fourth grade. Thefts had been committed by 61 per cent of the subjects below the age of 15. The majority (65 per cent) had no vocational qualifications. Altogether among all the young adult robbery offenders with previous convictions, 16 per, cent had never been gainfully employed, and 49 per cent had jobs for less than half the period they were at liberty after completing their sixteenth year. At the time the robbery was committed, the percentage in employment did not exceed 17 per cent. The subjects spent their time among demoralized peers with whom they drank. The nature of the environment in which they mixed can best be seen from the fact that among the persons who were accomplices to their robberies (almost always young adults or juveniles), as many as 75 per cent had been previously convicted and 60 per cent frequently drank to excess. It should be noted that the young recidivists in the control group convicted of other offences and drawn from persons with a record of theft as juveniles, had made even poorer progress at school than the robbery offenders, had in fewer cases completed elementary school, had more frequently run away from home, had started to steal regularly at an earlier age and had committed many more thefts as juveniles and children. The inquiry found, however, that the robbery offenders had displayed personality disorders at an earlier age and had started to drink younger and done much more drinking at 16 – 17 years of age. The data on the drinking habits of the robbery offenders merit special attention. It was found that only 23 per cent of these young adults drank less frequently than once a week, 55 per cent drank 2-3 times a week, and 22 per cent drank at least four times a week (these figures are certainly not an accurate reflection of the degree of drinking which was undoubtedly even higher). It should be emphasized that 43 per cent of the subjects began to drink wine or spirits at least once a week below the age of 16, and 75 per cent were drinking with the same regularity before their 17th birthday. In the period preceding the robbery a large percentage of the young adults (52 per cent) were drinking large quantities of alcohol at each session (at least 1/4 litre in terms of spirits) 2 - 3 times a week or more. They drank wine or vodka, or both. It should not be forgotten in considering these figures that some 60 per cent of the robbery offenders were only 17-18 years of age. Furthermore 42 per cent of the 17-18 age  group had been drinking 2-3 times a week or more for at least two years, and 50 per cent of the 19 -20 age bracket had been doing so for at least three years. A third of the subjects admitted to intoxication at least once or twice a month, and a half recorded that they were inebriated several times a month. A very large majority (c. 80 per cent) were under the influence of alcohol when they committed their robbery. In the psychological inquiries detailed attention was given to the problems of aggression in the case of the young robbery offenders, their level of aggressiveness being determined from the evidence of aggressive behaviour in childhood and later yielded by interviews with both the subjects themselves and their mothers. Ratings of “very aggressive” were scored by 62 per cent of the young robbery offenders. In comparison with the findings of the Department of Criminology study of other samples of juvenile and adult recidivists (not convicted of robbery), it has been found that the robbery offenders do indeed display a greater incidence of aggressive behaviour and score higher in the Buss-Durkee aggression questionnaire. The robbery offenders not qualified as “very aggressive”, (38 per cent) also had occasional acts of aggression in their past career, and 25 per cent of them had  even been previously prosecuted for offences containing an element of violence. However, they differed in certain respects from the robbery offenders qualified as “very aggressive”. Among the latter regular drinking was more frequent (p < 0.001) and had begun at an earlier age (p < 0.01), thefts had been more common and the rate of recidivism was greater. Evidence of the presence of such characteristics as overactivity, impulsiveness, etc., in childhood was also more frequent (p < 0.05). In addition they possessed a higher rate of brain damage. Very aggressive robbery offenders more frequently displayed overactivity whereas the non-aggressive offenders tended to have clearly passive personalities (p < 0.02) inclined to let others take the lead. Attention should finally be drawn to the more frequent occurence among the “very aggressive” offenders (in comparison with the remaining young adults convicted of robbery) of certain adverse conditions in their home background. There were many more cases of among these subjects of defective emotional relationships between parents and son (p < 0.01) and more frequent employment of brutal corporal punishment (p < 0.02). These are factors found by various inquiries to be conducive to the development of aggressive attitudes. However, as regards such environmental factors as alcoholic or criminal parents and siblings, no significant differences were found between the backgrounds of the aggressive and non-aggressive robbery offenders. In analysing the problem of aggressiveness the question of brain damage should not be overlooked. In the case of as many as 29 of the sample (49 per cent) there was evidence pointing to such a condition with a high degree of probability. These subjects displayed, it was found, more frequent symptoms of behaviour disorders and social maladjustment such as frequent stealing (p < 0.001), early excessive drinking (p < 0.02), considerable violence (p < 0.001) and more frequent self-aggression (p < 0.02). This multiplication of behaviour disorders among offenders suffering from brain damage points to greater adaptation difficulties further compounded by their home circumstances. Among the whole sample of young robbery offenders there were only 16 per cent who were not found to be subject either to brain damage or decidedly adverse influences at home. The homes of the young robbery offenders present as negative a picture as those of the previously studied recidivists convicted of other offences. Only 57 per cent of the former spent their childhood in unbroken homes. As many as 65 per cent of their fathers regularly drank to excess, and at least 27 per cent of them can be qualified as alcoholics. The percentage of fathers with a criminal record was less than 23 per cent and the majority of these were not persistent offenders. Most of their offences were of a drunk-and-disorderly nature. The subjects’ fathers were by and large persons with a low standard of education and vocational qualifications: only 28 per cent had advanced beyond elementary school, usually to vocational school. Almost all the subjects came from the homes of unskilled or low-skilled labourers. Only a third of their homes were relatively well off. Among a large majority of the fathers (71 per cent) and as much as 45 per cent of the mothers there was evidence of their emotional relationship with their children being inadequate. In the case of 61 per cent of the fathers there was very frequent employment of excessively severe corporal punishment of the subjects. The inquiry also revealed the typical fact that 51 per cent of the brothers of the young adults serving sentences for robbery had (by the time they had completed their tenth birthday) been before the courts and that the same percentage were heavy drinkers. Only in 28 per cent of the homes was there no evidence of frequent excessive drinking and criminal offences by brothers. A comparison of the home environments of the young recidivists convicted of robbery and those convicted of other offences revealed no differences as regards such factors as family structure or alcoholic and criminal parents and siblings (except that the brothers of the robbery offenders had committed more offences of an aggressive nature than the brothers of the persons in the control group). However, marked differences were found in the emotional relationship of parents to children and the practice of severe  corporal punishment which was much more frequent in the case of the fathers of the robbery offenders. These are factors which various inquiries have found to be conducive to the formation of aggressive attitudes.
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 1972, V; 151-189
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The childless by choice in perception of young adults
Autorzy:
Szymańska, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/475349.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Opolski. Redakcja Wydawnictw Wydziału Teologicznego
Tematy:
rodzicielstwo
zamierzona bezdzietność
wczesna dorosłość
parenting
voluntary childlessness
early adulthood
Opis:
Voluntary childlessness is getting increasingly more attention of researchers of different disciplines (e.g. Callan 1983, Kalus 2002, Mynarska 2009, 2011, Slany 2002). This is a topic taken up in studies of different perspectives: demographic, sociological, economic and psychological . This paper is devoted to presenting the results of own research, which were aimed at seeking answers to the question: how are voluntarily childless couples perceived? The research was conducted on a group of 186 young adults, using the scenario method developed basing on the method by C. Lampman and Dowling-Guyer used in studies at the University of Alaska (Lampman, Dowling-Guyer, 1995). The results obtained confirm that the fact of having children significantly differentiates the perception of married couples. Voluntarily childless people are considered less diligent, less caring and sensitive both in respect to parents and infertile couples, and less mature emotionally than parents.
Zamierzona bezdzietność coraz częściej zajmuje uwagę badaczy różnych dyscyplin naukowych (m.in. Callan 1983, Kalus 2002, Mynarska 2009, 2011, Slany 2002). Jest to temat podejmowany w badaniach z różnych ujęć: demograficznego, socjologicznego, ekonomicznego, psychologicznego. Niniejsza praca poświęcona jest prezentacji wyników badań własnych, które miały na celu odpowiedź na pytanie: jak postrzegane są pary zamierzenie bezdzietne? Badania zostały przeprowadzone na grupie 186 młodych dorosłych, za pomocą metody scenariuszowej opracowanej w oparciu o metodę autorstwa Lampman i Dowling-Guyer użytą do badań na Uniwersytecie Alaska (Lampman, Dowling-Guyer, 1995). Otrzymane wyniki potwierdzają, że posiadanie potomstwa istotnie różnicuje postrzeganie par małżeńskich. Osoby zamierzenie bezdzietne uważane są za mniej pracowite, mniej troskliwe i czułe zarówno od rodziców, jak i osób niepłodnych, a także za mniej dojrzałe emocjonalnie od par posiadających dzieci.
Źródło:
Family Forum; 2013, 3; 79-95
2084-1698
Pojawia się w:
Family Forum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Does Education Matter for the Earnings of Young Adults?
Autorzy:
Hwan Kim, Myeong
Yareth Vargas López, Eréndira
Han, Yongseung
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1968725.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
education
schooling
wage
gender
Opis:
In this study, we analyze the relationship between educational attainment and hourly earnings. With large survey data on young adults, our results suggest that there is a significant relationship between earnings and years of schooling, age, sectors of occupation, job tenure, years of experience and gender. Furthermore, having a high school diploma, two- or four-year college degree, master’s or doctorate degree leads to changes in earnings. However, these changes are negative. These negative results may occur because employers value work experience much more than a diploma.
Źródło:
The New Educational Review; 2019, 56; 172-183
1732-6729
Pojawia się w:
The New Educational Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms among Young Adults in Szczecin
Autorzy:
Stępień-Słodkowska, Marta
Kostkiewicz, Hanna
Kotarska, Katarzyna
Kawicka, Bożena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1030614.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Tematy:
Beck Depression Inventory
depression
mood reduction
students
Opis:
Depressive disorders have become one of the greatest health problems of the modern society, with about 350 million people suffering from depression around the world (WHO). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of symptoms of depressed mood and symptoms indicating the possibility of depression or its progression among young people living in the city of Szczecin, Poland. Data from 150 students (107 women and 43 men) from one of the local universities constituted the material for this anonymous study which was based on the Beck Depression Inventory – 21 questions assessing the severity of depressive symptoms. Our results showed that 78% of women and 89% of men did not show symptoms of depression (Fig. 1). The incidence of mild depressive episodes was revealed in 15% of women and 7% of men, moderate episodes in 3% of women and 2% of men, and severe depression in 4% of women and 2% of men.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine; 2019, 25, 1; 15-21
2300-9705
2353-2807
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Auditory Spatial Illusion – A Psychoacoustic Study in Young Adults
Autorzy:
Maleki, Mehri
Ahadi, Mohsen
Jafarpisheh, Amirsalar
Asgharzadeh, Amin
Baghban, Alireza Akbarzadeh
Toufan, Reyhane
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31339750.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
auditory spatial illusions
the Franssen effect
interaural time difference
binaural temporal resolution
Opis:
The Franssen illusion, or Franssen effect (FE), is one of the auditory spatial illusions. Few studies have explored the FE, and the mechanisms underlying it remain unknown. The present study was conducted to clarify the FE occurrence with different tasks and presentation modes in young adults. It also sought to investigate possible neurophysiological similarities between interaural time difference (ITD) cue processing and FE perception. FE perception was evaluated using two different tasks and two presentation modes (i.e., insert phones and loudspeakers). Sound reflections (reverberation) were presented in the diffuse field (loudspeaker mode). ITD performance was investigated using different stimuli delivered via insert phones. No significant difference between the two FE perception tasks was found (F1;25 = 0:138, p = 0:713). However, the FE perception showed a significant difference between the two presentation modes (F1;25 = 434:03, p < 0:001). Spearman’s correlation did not reveal a significant relationship between FE perception and ITD scores (p > 0:05). The current findings show the importance of reverberation in the FE occurrence. Also, the non-significant correlation between the results of the behavioral binaural temporal resolution test and FE perception in young people with normal temporal resolution may indicate that room reflections (reverberation) complicate the ability to process ITDs (rather than poor ITD processing for the “steady state” portion of signal).
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2024, 49, 1; 19-26
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Identity of Young Adults and their E-learning Performance
Autorzy:
Kwiatkowska, Wioletta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/426378.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
identity
learning
e-learning
young adult
learning outcomes
Opis:
Utilizing Marcia’s theory, a pilot study was conducted to determine the relation between the identity status of students and their performance using differing teaching methods (in-class and e-learning). The sample consisted of teaching students, and the main criterion was the use of e-learning. The Identity Status Test and standardized knowledge tests were used to collect data. No relation was identified between the identity status of students and their in-class and e-learning performance. However, the group utilizing e-learning achieved better results compared to the in-class group. Determining the importance of an e-learner’s identity is also necessitated by the need to develop appropriate counselling strategies. The analyses rendered possible a preliminary verification of the utility of the concept for the purpose of explicating the issue of the e-learning performance of contemporary students. The conclusions drawn from the study may also offer utility for adapting mentoring processes to the needs of learners. The author identifies and underlines the need for further, more comprehensive empirical research on the identity of e-learners within the context of their study program, age and gender.
Źródło:
e-mentor. Czasopismo naukowe Szkoły Głównej Handlowej w Warszawie; 2019, 3 (80); 18-23
1731-6758
1731-7428
Pojawia się w:
e-mentor. Czasopismo naukowe Szkoły Głównej Handlowej w Warszawie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Overabundance and privation as predictors of materialism in young adults
Autorzy:
Poraj-Weder, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2126088.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-04-08
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
materialism
deprivation roots of materialism
excess
overabundance
privation
poverty
Opis:
The aim of the present study was to determine how the social and material status of the family of origin and the degree of satisfaction of material needs during childhood (excessive vs. insufficient) engender materialism in young adults. The participants in the study were 346 individuals aged 20 to 35. To measure materialism, the following scales were used: the Material Values Scale by Richins; the Priorities in Life Scale; and the Motives for Making Money Scale by Srivastav, Locke, and Bartol. Socioeconomic variables were measured with the author’s own tool. The results indicate that the low socioeconomic status of the family of origin and the experience of privation in early life increase the attractiveness of material goods and money, and thus contribute to the formation of the materialistic orientation. The experience of overabundance during childhood, by contrast, is negatively correlated with materialism. This, however, does not mean that being spoiled has no negative consequences. It appears that people who were showered with material goods in childhood lose the ability to appreciate their abundance. They feel they do not have enough material goods, even if they have more than others.
Źródło:
Roczniki Psychologiczne; 2018, 21, 3; 207-229
1507-7888
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Psychologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gender Stereotypes of Young Adults and Styles of Sexual Education
Autorzy:
Grabowska, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28765623.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
gender stereotypes
sexual education
social development
Opis:
This paper is devoted to three basic problems: gender stereotypes, styles of sexual education and the relation between these two phenomena. The main question is: do the styles of sexual education experienced in a family determine the tendency to use gender stereotypes? Basing on the literature, a hypothetical model of relation between styles of sexual education and gender stereotypes was constructed. The model was a source of investigations conducted by the author and described in the paper. Young adults’ tendency to use gender stereotypes seems to be determined by their mothers’ stereotypes and by three styles of sexual education experienced in their families.
Źródło:
The New Educational Review; 2005, 7; 59-71
1732-6729
Pojawia się w:
The New Educational Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 231

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