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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 755
Tytuł:
Ewolucja poglądów dotyczących związku inflacja-bezrobocie
Evolution of Views on Relationship between Inflation and Unemployment
Autorzy:
Belka, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/904869.pdf
Data publikacji:
1983
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
In this article the author describes the evolution of theoretical views appearing in Western economy on the relationship between inflation and unemployment, and makes an attempt at commenting on and evaluating basic points of controversy against the background of the present economic problems faced by higly-developed capitalist states. There is discussed the concept based on the so-called Phillip's curve with a special emphasis laid on its theoretical and practical significance, - and the hypothesis of "natural unemployment rate", which while constituting the nert interpretation of the inflation-unemployaent relationship, is deeply rooted in the neo-classical theory. As a kind of digression the author describes the thesis presented by M. Friedman in 1976 about a positive correlation between the unemployment level and the Inflation rate. The author perfores a confrontation of the main views on the subject in question i. e. of the doctrine based on Phillip's curve, considered today to be a counterpart of Keynes' theory of wages and eaployment, and the natural concept of the unemployment rate being a contemporary version of the position held by the neo- -classical economy. A special attention is devoted to the fact that both Keynes' and neo-classical approach to the unemployment and full employment problems do not create a satisfactory framework for analysis of significant phenomena occurring in the labour market in capitalist states - and namely creation of a substantial unemployment margin of structural character.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 1983, 27
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Struktura bezrobocia w Teksasie
Structure of Unemployment in Teksas
Autorzy:
McKee, William L
Luker, William A
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/905918.pdf
Data publikacji:
1983
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
Decision-making at a local level concerning employment involves a need for estimating the character and extent of unemployment. Unemployment is generated by various causes such as business cycles, seasonal fluctuations, disproportions between professional qualifications of the unemployed and requirements ensuing from the structure of vacant Jobs as well as by manpower mobility and gaps in information flow with in the labour market. To ensure effective counteraction of unemployment by the local employment policy it is necessary to apply selective strategic programs at the local level addressed to particular forms of unemployment. The basic difficulty encountered in realization of such programs is connected with identification and quantitative determination of different unemployment categories. It is worth noting here that traditional forms of unemployment classification are, to a bigger extent, a product of abstract economic analysis than an effect of adaptation to the available statistical reporting.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 1984, 33
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Strukturalne problemy bezrobocia w Republice Federalnej Niemiec
Structural Problems of Unemployment in the Federal Republic of Germany
Autorzy:
Szukalski, Stanisław M
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/905146.pdf
Data publikacji:
1985
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
The analysis performed in this article is focused on size and structure of unemployment in the Federal Republic of Germany since 1973 till the early eighties. The author stresses the fact that although a sharp growth in unemployment in the period under survey should be attributed to deterioration of the business situation and changes in conditions of functioning of the FRG's economy generated by increase in prices of fuels and energy as well as raw materials, some factors indicate that unemployment in this country assumes characteristics of structural unemployment. This is confirmed by analysis of unemployment structure performed with regard to the unemployed age criterion, period of unemployment, its structure according to economic sectors, branches and professions of the unemployed. The author also points at causes of the structural deficit of jobs placing the main emphasis on a drop in investment propensity observed in the FRG's economy in the seventies.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 1985, 56
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Approximation of the Polish Labour Law to European Standards
Autorzy:
Matey, Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43447847.pdf
Data publikacji:
1993-12-31
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
labor law
European Union
work
employment
right to work
unemployment
European standards
women's rights
right to pay
labor market
employer
European labor law
Źródło:
Droit Polonais Contemporain; 1993, 1-4; 41-57
0070-7325
Pojawia się w:
Droit Polonais Contemporain
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Niektóre sposoby redukcji bezrobocia strukturalnego (w świetle doświadczeń krajów członkowskich OECD)
Some Ways of Reducing Structural Unemployment (in the light of experience of OECD countries)
Autorzy:
Kaźmierczak, Zbigniew
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/906436.pdf
Data publikacji:
1993
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
The author has presented in this article some ways of reducing structural unemployment in the OECD countries. The article is based, among others, on the second report of the panel commission operating within the OECD entitled Neaeures to assist workers displaced by structural change. A general principle is an attempt to adjust actively and rapidly to the occurring structural changes. For this purpose there are applied various measures addressed primarily to displaced workers, which is accompanied by different instruments allowing to exert an influence on employers. The effectiveness of these measures tends to differ. Among the most effective ones prove to be: advanced notices about dismissals, Job search assistance, and rapid response capability. On the other hand, among rather ineffective measures arei temporary public service employment, early retirement, and re-location or mobility assistance to other spheres. The success of structural market adaptations, which was unanimously underlined by the states encompassed by the report, is dependent upon the state of economy, on whether it can offer an indispensable number of jobs, and possesses sufficient funds for such adaptations.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 1993, 130
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Promotion et réglementation de la création des possibilités demploi en Pologne
Autorzy:
Lewandowski, Henryk
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43449087.pdf
Data publikacji:
1994-12-31
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
employment
unemployment
labor market
unemployment rate
women
allowance
economic reform
unemployed
employee
market economy
Źródło:
Droit Polonais Contemporain; 1994, 1-4; 55-69
0070-7325
Pojawia się w:
Droit Polonais Contemporain
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bezrobocie w wysoko rozwiniętych państwach (analiza porównawcza)
Unemployment in Highly Developed Countries (A Comparative Analysis)
Autorzy:
Każmierczak, Zbigniew
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/904524.pdf
Data publikacji:
1995
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
The article analyze: some topical issues of unemployment in ten selected highly developed countries. These countries are: Australia, Canada, France, Great Britain, Holland, Italy, Japan, Sweden, United States and West Germany. The analysis covers the period of 1960-1989 and it is based on international statistics compiled by such organizations as the OECD and the EC. The aim of the article is to show the scale, growth trends, and main structural problems connected with industrial unemployment in the above countries - individually and as a group. The article consists of three parts. The first part discusses the main terminological issues, and especially the concepts of unemployment, labour resources, employment, unemployment rate etc. The author points out certain differences between definitions used by international and national statistics. In the second part there are analyzed dynamics of labour rescourccs and unemployment. A special attention has been paid here to determining the proportions оf growth rates of: labour rescources, employment and unemployment. In his studies, the author used also relative measures of unemployment, i.e. rates of unemployment. The problems of unemployment structure are analyzed in the third part of the article. The analysis covers the main demographic and socio-occupational characteristics of the unemployment and the lenght of time during which they remain without work. The performed analysis allows to formulate at least three significant conclusions: 1) unemployment continues to rank high among three main problems of the highly developed economies (inflation, stagnation, unemployment); 2) despite the fact that the scale of unemployment has diminished in recent years about 7 persons from among every 100 economically active persons are without jobs; 3) among the unemployment seeking jobs the biggest chances have men aged 25-54, followed by women of the same age, and young persons under 24 years of age; the representatives of ethnic-racial minorities.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 1995, 135
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Niekonwencjonalne formy zatrudnienia jako instrument ograniczania bezrobocia kobiet
Employment Forms as an Instrument of Reducing Unemployment Among Women
Autorzy:
Florczak-Bywalec, Jadwiga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/904522.pdf
Data publikacji:
1995
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
The analysis performed in the article shows that in order to reduce unemployment among women there should be taken into account differentiated forms of employment, and especially part-time jobs. This concerns, first of all, these labour markets where women lend to predominate among the unemployed. Some experience gained by the Western countries might be tapped here. In many of them the number of those employed on part-time jobs is rising quite significantly. In most cases these are persons most exposed to unemployment, i.e. young persons, elderly people, and women. However, women constitute a vast majority of them. For instance, in Great Britain women account for almost 90% of such persons. They choose this form o f employment, because it allows them also to look aller their children. Employers should be encouraged to create such jobs, and especially small firms expanding recently. Among others forms of employment allowing to curb unemployment there are listed such as outwork, in-house employment facilitated by new techniques o ľ communications, or a flexible working time. In prat .ice, combinations of different untypical forms of employment are possible. All of them may contribute to mitigating unemployment and they should be taken into account in various programmes aimed at curbing this phenomenon.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 1995, 135
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polityka kształcenia jako środek przeciwdziałający bezrobociu. Z doświadczeń RFN
Education Policy as a Means Counteracting Unemployment - Experience of West Germany
Autorzy:
Sadowska-Kowalska, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/904536.pdf
Data publikacji:
1995
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
The measures of counteracting unemployment among youth are a part of a general set of measures aimed at counteracting unemployment in the whole economy. A specific measure of the fight against unemployment of young people is the education policy, including preparation for a job. Between the school and the work young people meet barriers, which they have to overcome. The first threshold is a transition from general secondary schools to the system of vocational training (acquiring occupational qualifications), and the second threshold is a transition from the vocational training system to the employment system (getting jobs). In overcoming both obstacles, assistance can be provided by the education policy and the employment policy owing to measures remaining at their disposal. The areas of operation of the education and the employment policies are shown in Fig 2. The instruments applied in West Germany, which allow to coordinate the instruments remaining at the disposal of both these policies have been presented in the article in two groups: as institutional tools and as specific tools of the education policy. The latter have been analyzed in four groups: general tools in relation to young people who have not completed vocational education, in the process of vocational training and in relation to its graduates, and to the system of higher education and its graduates. The process of transformation has encompassed also the education system. An example here could be the economy of the former GDR. On this example there is discussed the role of instruments of the education policy in the process of changes.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 1995, 135
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rola państwa i organów samorządowych w ograniczaniu bezrobocia i jego skutków
Role of the Stale and Self-Government in Curbing Unemployment
Autorzy:
Lisiecki, Mikołaj
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/904526.pdf
Data publikacji:
1995
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
The leading thought of the article is an assumption that in conditions of market economy there is needed a deliberate control of the State over the use of labour resources, which is synonymous with pursuing an active policy of employment. The ultimate goal of this policy should be a full (understood as a restricted or rational) and a rational (productive) employment. The responsibility for conducting an active policy of counteracting unemployment and cushioning its consequences rests on the State organs and on the self-government authorities. The article consists of two parts. Its first part analyzes the experience gained by the highly developed countries in fighting unemployment. The author points at the applied instruments of employment policy both „passive” aimed at mitigating the economic effects of unemployment and „active” seeking to reduce the number of unemployed persons. The first group includes various forms of financial assistance for the unemployed and the second - different measures stimulating growth of demand for labour, the lowering of labour supply and a more effective functioning of the labour market. In the second part of the article, the author analyzes unemployment reduction measures applied hitherto and points at reasons underlying poor effectiveness of applied measures, which finds reflection in a rapid growth of unemployment. The programme of fighting unemployment must constitute an integral element of the socio-economic policy. This is also a problem of mobilization and coordination of efforts of all social partners responsible for the implementation of an active employment policy
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 1995, 135
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rynek pracy i bezrobocie (pojęcia ogólne)
Labour Market and Unemployment (General Concepts)
Autorzy:
Mortimer-Szymczak, Halina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/904525.pdf
Data publikacji:
1995
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
The article deals with research on labour market and unemployment against the background of the country’s present socio-economic situation. It analyzes the transition from a centrally-planned economy to a system resembling a social market economy and the role of the State in transformations during the transition period. The further analysis covers definitions of the labour market, its division into submarkets including regional, sectorial and others, the policy pursued on the labour market in this the policy od self-government organs, the active policy with its target of full employment, the primary and secondary division of the labour market, definitions of the unemployment concept, legal regulations pertaining to it in the Polish legislation, the classification of unemployment according to its duration (temporary or fractional, emergency and seasonal, structural or local, cyclic, stagflationary), and the employment policy aimed at alleviating the consequences of unemployment including the policy in this field pursued by self-government organs. The labour market and unemployment call for further intensive studies on the macro scale and in regional cross-sections. Spatial differentiations of unemployment according to Poland’s administrative provinces are very considerable, the diversification of the labour market is dependent upon the attained level of socio-economic development. There should be analyzed the degree to which the statistics of labour reflect the need for studies and analyses. It is also necessary to coordinate and consolidate research conducted by different research institutions and ministerial units of the labour market and unemployment.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 1995, 135
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bezrobocie w Stanach Zjednoczonych po II wojnie światowej - podstawowe tendencje i skutki społeczno-ekonomiczne
Unemployment in the United States AAer World War II Basic Trends and Sodo-Economic Effects
Autorzy:
Kwiatkowski, Eugeniusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/905836.pdf
Data publikacji:
1996
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
The paper undertakes an analysis оГ the basic trends, features and socio-economic effects of unemployment m the United States after World War II. The statistical survey conducted by the author confirmed a significant increase in the unemployment rate and considerable oscillations in that rate in the 1970s and 1980s A tendency towards growth of the share of long-term unemployment was observed, which points to a growing role of structural unemployment in the US economy. The analysis of the effects of unemployment presents the most important of the negative macroeconomic, microeconomic and social effects of that phenomenon. An attempt has also been made to quantify them. The major parliamentary acts and documents underlining the responsibility of the state Tor the situation in the labour market in the American economy are presented in the final part of the paper.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 1996, 138
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Koszty bezrobocia w województwie łódzkim w latach 1990-1993
Costs of Unemployment in the Province of Lodz in 1990-1993
Autorzy:
Zarychta, Henryk
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/905275.pdf
Data publikacji:
1996
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
This paper is devoted to economical costs and social consequences of unemployment, an example of this is the Province of Lodz. I he paper consist of four parts. The first gives general characteristic of costs and consequences of unemployment and describes problems with the measurement of these facts. The second part includes analysis of direct and indirect costs of unemployment in the Province of Lodz in 1990-93. Analysing direct cost has been taken into account Labour Found expenditures and costs of active reduction оГ unemployment as well as social welfare expenditures on unemployed and their families. It has been also estimated, expenditures on early retirement. Analysing indirect costs it has been estimated unemployment costs in the grey zone of economy, costs of so called lax and insurance gap and costs of production lactors (Gross National Product). The third part of the paper concentrates on evaluation of trends and forms in coping with unemployment in the Province of Lodz in relation to the trend in the whole country. The fourth part attempts to outline some social consequences of unemployment. The paper also includes some conclusions reached by the author during his research.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 1996, 140
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kredyty, szkolenie, inkubatory przedsiębiorczości - drogą przeciwdziałania bezrobociu w regionie łódzkim
Credits, Training, Enterprenuership Incubators - the Way to Reduce of Unemployment in Lodz’s Region
Autorzy:
Potocki, Włodzimierz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/905281.pdf
Data publikacji:
1996
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
The Province of Lodz is regarded as the region with the highest rate of unemployment in Poland. The analysis of this situation reveals the urgent need for active policy to fight unemployment. The analysis should concentrate on making better conditions for the emergence of small and medium sized businesses. Two methods should be adopted to reduce unemployment, taking into account realities of Lodz’s market: credit support of the enterprenuership and training of the unemployed. One of the most effective and desired forms of support for business activities are so called enterprenuership incubators. In June 1993 such an institution was established in Lodz. It has to be underlined, the Lodz’s enterprenuership incubator activity in the field of organisation, marketing and promotion as well as trade. The incubator also helps eliminate other negative effects of unemployment.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 1996, 140
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 755

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