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Wyszukujesz frazę "time conditions" wg kryterium: Wszystkie pola


Tytuł:
„Jest czas wojny i czas pokoju…” W jakich porach roku prowadzono najczęściej działania wojenne w Polsce średniowiecznej?
„There is a time of war and a time of peace…” In which times of the year, were the military activities carried out in the Middle Ages in Poland?
Autorzy:
Ptak, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/688722.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
dzieje wojskowości polskiej
wojny w średniowieczu
wojna a warunki naturalne
wojna a pogoda
Polska średniowieczna
Poland in the Middle Ages
history of Polish army
wars in the Middle Ages
a war and the natural conditions
a war and weather
Opis:
The military actions in the Middle Ages usually did not take long. During these actions their participants undertook the military expeditions to the enemy territory trying to defeat the enemies’ army in battle or to conquer its fortresses. The possessions of the enemy were than regularly despoiled and devastated. To realize these goals, the most convenient times of the year were chosen, by taking into account the natural conditions and the possibilities of the military functioning. For the Polish people and some of their adversaries, the best time for conducting the war was late Summer and early Autumn. At these times the most battles took place, as the favorable weather conditions and the greater possibilities to fulfil the supply requirements were used. Big armies took part in them, being often led by monarchs and carrying out their actions numerous weeks. Their duration was however limited by the worsening of the weather conditions in the Autumn months and the physical and material exhaustion of the army. Another period of the year, which was also used to carry out the military actions was Winter. The severity of the weather conditions was compensated by the facilitating of moving through the territory, even in the areas which were difficult to access in the remaining periods of the year, such as the water reservoirs, in particular big rivers. The military actions in Winter had a different character then those in Summer or Autumn; they lasted usually short and the smaller armies participated in them. In the remaining times of the year the armed battles, in which the Polish people participated, took place more seldom and were conditioned by exceptional circumstances.
Działania wojenne w średniowieczu trwały zazwyczaj krótko, w ich trakcie podejmowano zbrojne wyprawy na teren przeciwnika, dążąc do pokonania jego wojsk w bitwach lub zdobycia posiadanych przez niego twierdz, najczęściej ograbiano i dewastowano jego posiadłości. Do realizacji tych celów wybierano najdogodniejsze pory roku, uwzględniając panujące wówczas warunki naturalne i wynikające z nich możliwości militarnego funkcjonowania. Dla Polaków i niektórych ich przeciwników najlepszym czasem na prowadzenie wojen było późne lato i wczesna jesień. Wówczas też toczono najwięcej walk, korzystając ze sprzyjających warunków pogodowych i z większych niż w innych okresach możliwości zaspokojenia potrzeb aprowizacyjnych. Brały w nich udział duże armie, często pod dowództwem monarchów, prowadząc działania przez wiele tygodni. Ich długotrwałość była jednak ograniczona pogarszaniem się pogody w miesiącach jesiennych i wyczerpywaniem się sił uczestników. Innym okresem roku, także wykorzystywanym do prowadzenia akcji militarnych, była zima. Surowość warunków pogodowych była wówczas rekompensowana ułatwieniami w poruszaniu się w terenie trudno dostępnym w innych porach roku. Ułatwienia wynikały z zamarznięcia zbiorników wodnych, w tym także dużych rzek. Działania zbrojne w czasie zimowym miały inny charakter niż w okresie lata i jesieni, były zazwyczaj krótkotrwałe i uczestniczyły w nich mniejsze armie. W pozostałych porach roku walki orężne z udziałem Polaków również miały miejsce, zdarzały się jednak rzadziej i bywały uwarunkowane wyjątkowymi okolicznościami.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica; 2018, 102; 11-30
0208-6050
2450-6990
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A test performance of optical fibre sensors for real-time investigations of rotational seismic events: a case study in laboratory and field conditions
Autorzy:
Jaroszewicz, Leszek R.
Dudek, Michał
Kurzych, Anna T.
Teisseyre, Krzysztof P
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2063893.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Elektryków Polskich
Tematy:
sagnac effect
field tests
rotational seismology
fibre optic seismograph
rotation rate
signal analysis
Opis:
Preliminary results of laboratory and field tests of fibre optic rotational seismographs designed for rotational seismology are presented. In order to meet new directions of the research in this field, there is clearly a great need for suitable and extremely sensitive wideband sensors. The presented rotational seismographs based on the fibre optic gyroscopes show significant advantages over other sensor technologies when used in the seismological applications. Although the presented results are prepared for systems designed to record strong events expected by the so-called “engineering seismology”, the described system modification shows that it is possible to construct a device suitable for weak events monitoring expected by basic seismological research. The presented sensors are characterized, first and foremost, by a wide measuring range. They detect signals with amplitudes ranging from several dozen nrad/s up to even few rad/s and frequencies from 0.01 Hz to 100 Hz. The performed Allan variance analysis indicates the sensors main parameters: angle random walk in the range of 3 ∙ 10−8–2 ∙ 10−7 rad/s and bias instability in the range of 2 ∙ 10−9–2 ∙ 10−8 rad/s depending on the device. The results concerning the registration of rotational seismic events by the systems located in Książ Castle, Poland, as well as in the coalmine “Ignacy” in Rybnik, Poland were also presented and analysed.
Źródło:
Opto-Electronics Review; 2021, 29, 4; 213--219
1230-3402
Pojawia się w:
Opto-Electronics Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An Investigation of the MIMO Space Time Block Code Based Selective Decode and Forward Relaying Network over η–µ Fading Channel Conditions
Autorzy:
Shankar, Ravi
Raman, V. V. Raghava
Rane, Kantilal Pitamber
Sarojini, B. K.
Neware, Rahul
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2058506.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
5G
MIMO
MRC
non-homogeneous fading channel
PEP
S-DF
SNR
Opis:
In this paper, we examine the end-to-end average pairwise error probability (PEP) and output probability (OP) performance of the maximum ratio combining (MRC) based selective decode and forward (S-DF) system over an η–µ scattering environment considering additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). The probability distribution function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) expressions have been derived for the received signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio and the moment generating function (MGF) technique is used to derive the novel closed-form (CF) average PEP and OP expressions. The analytical results have been further simplified and are presented in terms of the Lauricella function for coherent complex modulation schemes. The asymptotic PEP expressions are also derived in terms of the Lauricella function, and a convex optimization (CO) framework has been developed for obtaining optimal power allocation (OPA) factors. Through simulations, it is also proven that, depending on the number of multi-path clusters and the modulation scheme used, the optimized power allocation system was essentially independent of the power relation scattered waves from the source node (SN) to the destination node (DN). The graphs show that asymptotic and accurate formulations are closely matched for moderate and high SNR regimes. PEP performance significantly improves with an increase in the value of η for a fixed value of µ. The analytical and simulation curves are in close agreement for medium-to-high SNR values.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2022, 1; 79--92
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza odległości i czasu między wstrząsami ze strzelań torpedujących a samoistnymi o energii rzędu E4 J w warunkach KW SA KWK "Piast"
Analysis of a distance and time between tremors of torpedo blasting and rock-mass tremors with the seismic energy of the order 10/4 J in the conditions of "Piast" Coal Mine
Autorzy:
Rusinek, J.
Kurnik, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/349328.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
górnictwo
sejsmiczność
strzelania torpedujące
mining
seismicity
torpedo blasting
Opis:
W latach 2002-2006 w KWK"Piast" prowadzono roboty górnicze między innymi w partiach V, VII, VIII, XV i XVII. Roboty te były powodem generowania wstrząsów, między innymi o energii rzędu E4 J w ilości 1352 sztuk. W analizowanym okresie przeprowadzono 751 strzelań torpedujących, z których zarejestrowano 598 wstrząsów. Po połączeniu bazy wstrząsów o energiach rzędu E4 J i odpowiedzi ze strzelań torpedujących rejestrowanych w tej samej partii otrzymano do analizy 311 wstrząsów ze strzelań torpedujących i 1118 wstrząsów samoistnych o energii rzędu E4 J. Wzajemna korelacja wstrząsów dotyczy odległości między hipocentrum zaistniałego wstrząsu ze strzelań torpedujących a hipocentrum wstrząsu o energii E4 J oraz odległości między miejscem detonacji MW (dno otworu strzałowego) a miejscem lokalizacji wstrząsu o energii E4 J. Przedmiotem analizy jest również przedział czasowy między wstrząsem ze strzelań a wstrząsem o energii rzędu E4 J.
In the years 2002-2006 there were carried out the mining operations at the areas V, VII, VIII, XV and XVII, which were a reason of rock-mass tremors and 1532 rock-mass tremors with the seismic energy of the order 10/4 J occurred. In the analysed period 751 torpedo blastings were carried out and 598 tremors were registered as a result of torpedo blasting. After joining the database of rock-mass tremors with the seismic energy of the order 10/4 J and tremors of torpedo blasting which link to the same area of the mine, there were obtained 311 tremors of torpedo blasting and 1118 rock-mass tremors with the seismic energy of the order 10/4 J. Inter-correlation between tremors concerns a distance from a hypocenter of the tremor of torpedo blasting to a hypocenter of the rock-mass tremor with the seismic energy of the order 10/4 J and a distance from a place of detonation of explosive charge (a foot of a blasthole) to a hypocenter of the rock-mass tremor with the seismic energy of the order 10/4 J. The time period between tremors of torpedo blasting and rock-mass tremors with the seismic energy of the order 10/4 J was also a subject of the analysis.
Źródło:
Górnictwo i Geoinżynieria; 2008, 32, 1; 311-320
1732-6702
Pojawia się w:
Górnictwo i Geoinżynieria
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza wpływu drgań gruntu na odkształcenia rurociągów w warunkach ich dodatkowego obciążenia statycznego
Analysis of ground vibrations influence on pipelines deformations in additional static tension conditions
Autorzy:
Gawędzki, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/152614.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
drgania parasejsmiczne
odkształcenia rurociągów
analiza czasowo-częstotliwościowa
paraseismic vibrations
pipelines deformations
time-frequency transform
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono metodę analizy oraz wyniki badań eksperymentalnych wpływu drgań gruntu na odkształcenia rurociągów poddanych obciążeniom statycznym o zróżnicowanej wielkości. Zaproponowana w artykule czasowo-częstotliwościowa metoda transformacji Fouriera STFT, może stanowić podstawę wnioskowania odnośnie wpływu drgań pochodzących od zewnętrznych
This paper presents results of experimental research and method of analysis of ground vibrations influence on deformations of pipelines under static load of different values. Time-frequency method is proposed in this paper. It could be a basis for inference about influence of vibrations coming from external paraseismic effects during pipelines fatigue process. Measurement stand, as well as research and analyzing method of data obtained during measurement process are shown in this paper. For analysis of non-stationary seismic phenomenon, a time-frequency, short-time Fourier transform method has been used (STFT). This article shows that force of pipeline's static tension has major impact on pipeline's reaction on dynamic ground vibrations effect. The analyzing method is a good tool for detection of such influences. Moreover low frequency character of pipeline - ground influence has been shown in this article. It is especially dangerous in situation of fatigue process of pipeline's material.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2010, R. 56, nr 8, 8; 879-882
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of an LSTM-based NOMA Detector Over Time Selective Nakagami-m Fading Channel Conditions
Autorzy:
Shankar, Ravi
Bangare, Jyoti L.
Kumar, Ajay
Gupta, Sandeep
Mehraj, Haider
Kulkarni, Shriram S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2142313.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
deep learning
DL
multiple-input multiple-output
MIMO
non-orthogonal multiple access
NOMA
orthogonal multiple access
OMA
Opis:
This work examines the efficacy of deep learning (DL) based non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) receivers in vehicular communications (VC). Analytical formulations for the outage probability (OP), symbol error rate (SER), and ergodic sum rate for the researched vehicle networks are established Rusing i.i.d. Nakagami-m fading links. Standard receivers, such as least square (LS) and minimum mean square error (MMSE), are outperformed by the stacked long-short term memory (S-LSTM) based DL-NOMA receiver. Under real time propagation circumstances, including the cyclic prefix (CP) and clipping distortion, the simulation curves compare the performance of MMSE and LS receivers with that of the DL-NOMA receiver. According to numerical statistics, NOMA outperforms conventional orthogonal multiple access (OMA) by roughly 20% and has a high sum rate when considering i.i.d. fading links.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2022, 3; 17--24
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of factors influencing the measurement result of the reverberant sound absorption coefficient under laboratory conditions
Autorzy:
Czapla, Marcjanna
Wszołek, Tadeusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2146660.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Instytut Mechaniki Stosowanej
Tematy:
sound absorption coefficient
reverberation room
reverberation time
MLS method
współczynnik pochłaniania dźwięków
komora pogłosowa
czas pogłosu
metoda MLS
Opis:
There are still discrepancies in the measurement results despite the standardized methods of measuring the sound absorption coefficient in the reverberation room. They appear especially in interlaboratory tests. The research used the method included in the EN-ISO 354: 2003 standard to determine the sound absorption coefficient. The subject of scientific research was to investigate the impact of measurement techniques (Maximum Length Sequence method and interrupted noise method for both T20 and T30 evaluation ranges), humidity in the test room, sample seasoning and sample fitting, and finally the influence of room variability on the measurement results. The tests were performed in two reverberation chambers. The study included two types of materials. Samples (1) made of identical pieces of mineral wool (ISOVER glass wool and ROCKWOOL rock wool) and (2) of fibreboard. Mineral wool was of different thicknesses. Among the measurement techniques, the smallest dispersion of the reverberation time results was obtained with the MLS -T30 method, and the highest differences in the results were caused by the test being performed in another room (reverberation chamber). There was no significant influence with the increase in humidity or the careful arrangement of the test sample from the components on the measurement result.
Źródło:
Vibrations in Physical Systems; 2022, 33, 1; art. no. 2022103
0860-6897
Pojawia się w:
Vibrations in Physical Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of measurement conditions influence on the magnetic Barkhausen noise phenomenon
Analiza wpływu warunków pomiarowych na przebieg zjawiska magnetycznego szumu Barkhausena
Autorzy:
Maciusowicz, Michał
Psuj, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/115155.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
szum Barkhausena
metoda nieniszcząca
warunki pomiaru
analiza czasowo-częstotliwościowa
spektrogram
skalogram
Barkhausen noise
non-destructive method
measurement conditions
time-frequency analysis
spectrogram
scalogram
Opis:
The effectiveness of the magnetic Barkhausen noise method (MBN), used for non-destructive testing of ferromagnetic materials, depends to a large extent on a number of factors determining the measurement conditions. The use of conditions allowing the highest possible level of discrimination between the various states of the materials state is of highest importance. Therefore, this paper presents an analysis of the impact of measurement conditions on Barkhausen noise signals observed for various states of the material conditions. Taking into consideration the stochastic nature of MBN and the complex characterization of its changes, the analysis was based on the time-frequency representation of the MBN signal. The paper presents selected distributions achieved using two transformation methods. In addition, the extraction methods of features allowing the quantification of complex information were given. Finally, the discrimination ability for a number of parameters and features of MBN signals were determined and the obtained results were discussed.
Skuteczność metody magnetycznego szumu Barkhausena MBN (ang. Magnetic Barkhausen Noise), wykorzystywanej do badań nieniszczących materiałów ferromagnetycznych, zależy w dużej mierze od szeregu czynników określających warunki pomiarowe. Kluczowe znaczenie ma zastosowanie warunków umożliwiających najwyższy możliwy poziom dyskryminacji między różnymi stanami badanych materiałów. W związku z tym w niniejszej pracy przedstawiono analizę wpływu warunków pomiaru na sygnały szumu Barkhausena rejestrowane dla różnych stanów badanego materiału. Mając na uwadze stochastyczną naturę szumu MBN i złożoną charakterystykę jego zmian, analizę przeprowadzono na podstawie reprezentacji czasowo-częstotliwościowej sygnału MBN. W pracy zaprezentowano wybrane rozkłady z zastosowaniem dwóch metod transformacji. Ponadto przybliżono metody ekstrakcji cech umożliwiające kwantyfikację złożonej informacji. Na koniec określono poziomy rozróżnialności dla szeregu parametrów i cech sygnałów MBN oraz omówiono uzyskane wyniki.
Źródło:
Welding Technology Review; 2019, 91, 12; 17-24
0033-2364
2449-7959
Pojawia się w:
Welding Technology Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of simultaneous time series of indoor, outdoor and soil air radon concentrations, meteorological and seismic data
Autorzy:
Janik, M.
Bossew, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148289.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
radon
time series
meteorological conditions
seismic
Opis:
It is well known that the temporal dynamic of indoor and outdoor radon concentrations show complex patterns, which are partly not easy to interpret. Clearly, for physical reasons, they must be related to possibly variable conditions of radon generation, migration and atmospheric dispersion and accumulation. The aim of this study was to analyse long-time series of simultaneously measured indoor and outdoor radon concentrations, together with environmental quantities, which may act as control variables of Rn. The study was performed in Chiba, Japan, using two ionization chambers for parallel indoor and outdoor radon concentrations measurements over 4 years. Meteorological and seismic data were obtained from the Japan Metrological Agency (JMA).
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 3; 295-302
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of spatiotemporal data to predict traffic conditions aiming at a smart navigation system for sustainable urban mobility
Autorzy:
Kyriakou, Kalliopi
Lakakis, Konstantinos
Savvaidis, Paraskevas
Basbas, Socrates
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/223718.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
spatio-temporal data
travel time prediction
smart navigation
urban mobility
Opis:
Urban traffic congestion created by unsustainable transport systems and considered as a crucial problem for the urbanised areas provoking air pollution, heavy economic losses due to the time and fuel wasted and social inequity. The mitigation of this problem can improve efficiency, connectivity, accessibility, safety and quality of life, which are crucial parameters of sustainable urban mobility. Encouraging sustainable urban mobility through smart solutions is essential to make the cities more liveable, sustainable and smarter. In this context, this research aims to use spatiotemporal data that taxi vehicles adequately provide, to develop an intelligent system able to predict traffic conditions and provide navigation based on these predictions. GPS (Global Positioning System) data from taxi are analysed for the case of Thessaloniki city. Trough data mining and map-matching process, the most appropriate data are selected for travel time calculations and predictions. Several algorithms are investigated to find the optimum for traffic states prediction for the specific case study concluding that ANN (Artificial Neural Networks) outperforms. Then, a new road network map is created by producing spatiotemporal models for every road segment under investigation through a linear regression implementation. Moreover, the possibility to predict vehicle emissions from travel times is investigated. Finally, an application with a graphical user interface is developed, that navigates the users with the criteria of the shortest path in terms of trip length, travel time shortest path and “eco” path. The outcome of this research is an essential tool for drivers to avoid congestion spots saving time and fuel, for stakeholders to reveal the problematic of the road network that needs amendments and for emergency vehicles to arrive at the emergency spot faster. Besides that, according to an indicator-based qualitative assessment of the proposed navigation system, it is concluded that it contributes significantly to environmental protection and economy enhancing sustainable urban mobility.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2019, 52, 4; 27-46
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the job shop system with transport and setup times in deadlock-free operating conditions
Autorzy:
Krystek, J.
Kozik, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/229363.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
job shop
production schedule
transport
setup time
dispatch rules
deadlock
Opis:
This paper presents a generalized job-shop problem taking into consideration transport time between workstations and setups machines in deadlock-free operating conditions. The automated transportation system, employing a number of automated guided vehicles is considered. The completion time of all jobs was applied as the optimization criterion. The created computational application was used to solve this problem in which chosen priority algorithms (FIFO, LIFO, LPT, SPT, EDD and LWR) were implemented. Various criteria were used to assess the quality of created schedules. Numerical results of the comparative research were presented for various criteria and rules of the priority.
Źródło:
Archives of Control Sciences; 2012, 22, 4; 417-425
1230-2384
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Control Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Arranging tasks of the laser cutter using the dynamic classification in conditions of unit and small batch production
Autorzy:
Mleczko, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117912.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Promocji Wiedzy
Tematy:
dynamic classification
operational production plan
setup time
group technology
unit and small batch production
TOC
Opis:
In conditions of unit and small batch production a very important role is played by time of product availability for the customer. Despite using modern management techniques setup time still play an important role in the production cycle time. In the examined companies the relation between rearmament times to processing times is still high. The above researches inspired the author to prepare the method of setup times’ reduction through proper arrangement of tasks in the operational production plan. Optimization of the daily production plans is based on two-level division of scheduling and arranging tasks. The method was validated in conditions of the production practice for unit and small batch manufacturing. An example of arranging tasks for the laser cutter was given. The presented method is one of elements of the computer aided expert system for SME.
Źródło:
Applied Computer Science; 2009, 5, 2; 96-109
1895-3735
Pojawia się w:
Applied Computer Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of river water infiltration conditions based on both chloride mass-balance and hydrogeological setting: the Krajkowo riverbank filtration site (Poland)
Autorzy:
Gorski, Jozef
Dragon, Krzysztof
Kruc-Fijalkowska, Roksana
Matusiak, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1841619.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
riverbank filtration
water balance
water travel time
natural tracer
filtracja brzegu rzeki
bilans wodny
czas przepływu wody
Opis:
In the present work measurements of chloride concentrations were used to assess the variability of infiltration conditions and contributions of surface water and local groundwater to the discharge of wells at Krajkowo riverbank filtration site (western Poland). Tests were performed on samples from 26 wells located in a well gallery close to the River Warta. Due to higher chloride concentrations in river water in comparison with local groundwater, significant differences in concentrations in samples from individual wells were noted. In particular, lower chloride concentrations in 11 wells were recorded, which can be linked to the local occurrence of low-permeability deposits in the superficial zone; a locally higher degree of riverbed sediment clogging in the highly convex meandering zone, where strong erosion of the riverbed occurred, which in turn led to increased clogging; the occurrence of a more intensive groundwater inflow into the river valley due to water infiltration from a smaller river entering the River Warta valley, as well as unfavourable conditions for the infiltration of surface water to the lower part of the aquifer with a greater thickness. Differences in chloride concentrations observed were also used to quantify approximately river water contribution to the well production. The average contribution of the River Warta to the recharge of the entire well gallery was estimated at 59.8%.
Źródło:
Geologos; 2021, 27, 1; 35-41
1426-8981
2080-6574
Pojawia się w:
Geologos
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of Selected Working Conditions of Workers Employed on Drilling and Extraction Platforms in the Light of the European Union and International Law
Autorzy:
Magdalena, Rycak,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/903007.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
workers employed on drilling and extraction platforms
non-convention vessels
Maritime Labour Act of August 5
2015
seafarer
Directive 2003/88/EC
Council Directive 1999/63/EC
working time of workers employed on drilling and extraction platforms
judicial protection and asserting of labour rights of workers on drilling and extraction platforms
Opis:
The paper discusses working conditions of workers employed on drilling and extraction platforms as provided for in the Act on maritime labour of August 5, 2015 (henceforth Maritime Labour Act) from the viewpoint of the their compliance with the European Union and international law. The author examines the problem of classification of drilling and extraction platforms as non-convention vessels in the provisions of the Maritime Labour Act. The analysis leads to a conclusion that, in the light of the Maritime Labour Convention adopted in Geneva by the General Conference of the International Labour Organization (ILO) on February 23, 2006 (henceforth the MLC) and the Act of September 18, 2001 – the Maritime Code, drilling or extraction platforms shall be regarded exclusively as seagoing merchant vessels and as such are covered by the MLC provisions. Workers on drilling or extraction platforms, which at the same time are seagoing ships, should be considered seafarers in the meaning of the Maritime Labour Act. The subject of the analysis covers also regulations concerning the organization of working time, in particular referring to workers employed on drilling and extraction platforms, with respect to its compliance with the EU labour law and the MLC. The regulation of working time of workers on drilling or extraction platforms as provided for in the Maritime Labour Act should be regarded as incompliant with the provisions of the Council Directive 1999/63/EC of June 21, 1999 and the MLC in the scope in which it permits extension of weekly working time to 84 hours and abandoning of the Labour Code provisions stipulating the minimum weekly rest period. The author concludes that the provisions of the Maritime Labour Act have not implemented the Directive 2003/88/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of November 4, 2003 concerning certain aspects of the organisation of working time (Directive 2003/88/EC). Finally, the author touches upon the issue of judicial protection and asserting labour rights of workers employed on drilling and extraction platforms. The considerations lead to a conclusion that labour courts have the constitutional grounds for applying the MLC with respect to the working time based on primacy of that international regulation over the respective provision of the Maritime Labour Act. Concluding, the author indicates also that the constitutional rule of social dialogue was infringed during in the law-making process concerning the Maritime Labour Act.
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica; 2016, 68; 321-332
0137-4346
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badania zużycia energii przez pojazdy w warunkach rzeczywistych
Research on energy consumption by vehicles in real-time conditions
Autorzy:
Woźniak, Krystian
Andrzejewski, Maciej
Daszkiewicz, Paweł
Rymaniak, Łukasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/303219.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Druk-Art
Tematy:
zużycie energii
pojazdy elektryczne
energia całkowita
testy jezdne
energy consumption
electric vehicles
total energy
driving tests
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono elementy składowe systemu CL (Contact Line) umożliwiającego pomiar energii pobranej i oddanej do sieci trakcyjnej, pozwalający na precyzyjny pomiar oraz zarządzanie i rozliczanie energii elektrycznej dla pojazdów szynowych. Przywołano najważniejsze normy i wymagania przeprowadzania testów dla pojazdów kolejowych i drogowych przeznaczonych do transportu osób. Zaprezentowano wyniki badań dla elektrycznego autobusu miejskiego przeprowadzone wg autorskiej procedury badawczej, opracowanej przez IPS „Tabor”, która wykorzystywana jest w postępowaniach przetargowych na dostawy autobusów elektrycznych do polskich miast. Pozwala ona na wyznaczanie całkowitej energii pobieranej przez autobus, która jest sumą energii pobieranej i energii oddawanej podczas procesu rekuperacji do zasobników energii. Badania przeprowadzono według opracowanego przez stowarzyszenie International Association of Public Transport testu jezdnego SORT 2, dla którego definiowana jest średnia prędkość jazdy, długość trasy i czas pokonywania przejazdu, co odzwierciedla warunki eksploatacji występujące na typowej trasie miejskiej. Podczas badań uwzględniono stan naładowania akumulatorów – zmiana stanu naładowania akumulatorów przed i po teście była bliska 0 zgodnie z SAE J2711.
The article presents the components of the CL (Contact Line) system allowing for the measurement of energy collected and given to the traction network allowing for precise measurement and management and electricity accounting for rail vehicles. The most important standards and test requirements for railway and road vehicles allowing for the transport of persons were recalled. The results of tests for the electric city bus carried out according to proprietary research procedure developed by IPS „Tabor”, which is used in tender proceedings for the supply of electric buses to Polish cities. It allows you to determine the total energy consumed by the bus, which is the sum of energy consumed and energy returned during the recuperation process to the energy stores. The tests were carried out according to the SORT 2 driving test developed by the communication operator International Association of Public Transport, for which the average speed, route length and time of passing are defined, which reflects the operating conditions of a typical urban route. During the tests, the state of charge of the batteries was taken into account, so that it was the same and the change in the state of charge of the batteries before and after the test was close to 0 according to SAE J2711.
Źródło:
Napędy i Sterowanie; 2020, 22, 1; 74-79
1507-7764
Pojawia się w:
Napędy i Sterowanie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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