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Tytuł:
The state of law or the law of the state?
Autorzy:
Boczek, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1933449.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
individual
commonality
equality
justness
law
jednostka
wspólnota
równość
sprawiedliwość
prawo
Opis:
Rule of law is a collection of institutions that each society fulfills differently. The rule of law is a wider and more complex phenomenon than the courts and judges themselves. The rule of law cannot be based solely on the heroism of an individual or group of one or another category of persons. The rule of law must be a natural component of the legal order. The concept of the primacy of the role of the Constitution - requires the reliable cooperation of at least three authorities - legislative, executive and judicial authorities. Occasional and opportunistic legislation, not much in common with the rule of law. The law is not what we imagine, but what the responsible legislator has established. "There is no more cruel tyranny than that practiced in the shadow of laws and in the colors of justice." What are the rule of law? Can state power influence courts? Whether parliamentary majority equals omnipotence is the main theme of the proposed presentation. The author's assumption is to indicate the essence of the issue in an interdisciplinary approach, to pay attention to its multidimensionality and social importance, leaving the field to undertake own research.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska; 2019, 140; 17-27
1641-3466
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The State and Local Self-Government. Territorial Organization of the State
Autorzy:
Kamiński, Radosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1977379.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
public administration
decentralization
territorial break down
administrative reform
local self-government
Opis:
Local self-government constitutes a part of executive power in the state, with the state’s law underlying its functioning. Local government remains under the state’s supervision, representing a form of the political system within the decentralized public administration. 2018 marks 20 years of the functioning of local self-government based on a three-tier structure. The aim of the paper is an attempt at finding the answer to the question whether or not the organizational solutions adopted by the legislator and established in practice need to undergo reforms and if so, to what extent? The question thus formulated relates directly to the argument that the organization of local government system is not sound while the criteria assumed in the territorial breakdown of the local government organization do not correspond to the conditions in which those units operate, and therefore what appears necessary is for the system to be reorganized and the number of units at individual tiers to be reduced. The paper presents selected problems of the local administration in the context of a systemic organization and suggest possible (or necessary) changes which, in the author’s view, should become a subject of discussion (and in practice are such) between local selfgovernment and government administration.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2019, 4 (48); 543-558
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Institutional Hybridization and Economic Performance: The State of France. The State in France
Autorzy:
Goyer, Michel
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/942368.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
state
sovereign debt crisis
coordinated market economy
dirigisme
Opis:
Does the presence of institutional hybridization invariably lead to lower rates of economic growth? The absence of tight complementarities between the different spheres of the economy makes it harder for companies to secure market-based or strategic- inspired modes of coordination. I investigate this issue with the case of France - an institutionally hybrid economy whose relative economic performance has declined in the last decade. I highlight that the prominence of state intervention in the first four postwar decades lessened the weaknesses of institutional hybridization. Nonetheless, state dirigisme did not eliminate the shortcomings associated with a hybrid model. If anything, state intervention in France significantly contributed to stifle the development of institutional capacities of actors, most notably labour organisations, which are crucial in coordinated market economies.
Źródło:
Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology; 2012, 3, 6; 55-68
2081-9633
Pojawia się w:
Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reconfigurable Antennas: the State of the Art
Autorzy:
Yashchyshyn, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226828.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
antenna arrays
reconfigurable antennas
semiconductor devices
MEMS switches
surface PIN diodes
Opis:
The paper provides an overview of the state of the art in the area of reconfigurable antennas. This emerging area has been rapidly developing in the recent years. This article brings a comprehensive summary of the high quality applied and fundamental research contributions in the above-mentioned field. A broad spectrum of topics is covered, reflecting the areas in which Institute of Radioelectronics's expertise is recognized worldwide.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2010, 56, 3; 319-326
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Obywatel i państwo
The State and the Citizen
Autorzy:
Raciborski, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/903982.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, Małopolska Szkoła Administracji Publicznej
Tematy:
państwo współczesne
obywatelstwo
oczekiwania obywateli wobec państwa
społeczeństwo obywatelskie
kryzys państwa opiekuńczego
contemporary state
citizenship
citizen expectations towards the state
civil society
welfare state crisis
Opis:
Podstawowa teza artykułu brzmi: państwo współczesne jest potężne jak nigdy w historii. Ta potęga wyrasta ze znacznych oczekiwań obywateli co do ilości i jakości dóbr dostarczanych przez państwo. Państwa, niezależnie od licznych trudności, te wysokie oczekiwania spełniają. Szczególną siłę państwo ukazało w początkach ekonomicznego kryzysu, który wybuchł w 2008 r. Potęga państwa nie współwystępuje z aktywnym obywatelstwem i nie towarzyszy jej rozwinięta infrastruktura społeczeństwa obywatelskiego. Autor eksponuje dualistyczny charakter społeczeństwa obywatelskiego, gdyż obywatele stowarzyszają się w istotnie odmiennych celach: a) aby wywierać wpływ na państwo i w ten sposób uzyskiwać także indywidualne korzyści; b) aby samodzielnie realizować swoje potrzeby w obrębie stowarzyszeń. W Polsce obserwujemy istotne deficyty w wymiarze zarówno indywidualnego obywatelstwa, jak i społeczeństwa obywatelskiego w obu formach.
The main point of the article is that the contemporary state is more powerful than ever in history, and that it derives its strength from its citizens' high expectations regarding the quantity and quality of goods it provides. Despite many difficulties, states satisfy the needs of their citizens - it was particularly evident at the beginning of the economic crisis in 2008. However, the strength of the state is not balanced by active citizenship or a well developed civil society. The author exposes a twofold character of civil society whose citizens associate for fundamentally different reasons: a) to have an influence on the state's actions and therefore to ensure its decisions are beneficial for them, b) to fulfill their own needs through the association. In Poland, we can observe a serious deficit of citizenship both on an individual level and on the level of civil society in both its forms.
Źródło:
Zarządzanie Publiczne / Public Governance; 2010, 2(12); 83-96
1898-3529
2658-1116
Pojawia się w:
Zarządzanie Publiczne / Public Governance
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Attitudes of Poles towards the state
Autorzy:
Wnuk-Lipiński, Edmund
Bukowska, Xymena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/704269.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
state
attitudes
egalitarism
citizen rights
democracy
Opis:
The article analyses attitudes of Poles towards the state. The attitudes are shaped by four factors: both recent and past history, experiences of the young liberal-democratic republic and opening of Poland to the world. Research, conducted on all-national sample in November, 2007, shows that for the majority of citizens of Poland state is an intrinsic value, however they have various visions of its optimal model (from nearly authoritarian to libertarian). Welfare expectations towards the state are widely spread. This attitude has strong positive affective ground, which, however, does not eliminate critical assessment of ways the state is actually functioning. Particularly the criticism is related to unequal treatment of various groups of citizens.
Źródło:
Nauka; 2008, 2
1231-8515
Pojawia się w:
Nauka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The State and the People: Relations Old and New
Autorzy:
Raciborski, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929691.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-03-23
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
state
nation state
powerful state
welfare state
legitimization
the people
citizen
civil society
Opis:
This article strives to assess the condition of the contemporary state. The author thinks that the contemporary state is more powerful than ever in history and that this power is strongly rooted in the wants of its citizens. The recent global economic crisis has legitimized the state even further. Although the contemporary state is increasingly polycentric and its structures are less and less hierarchic and transparent, the identity and integration of the political system are not in danger. The state’s immense power is a serious threat to its citizens and to democracy. The processes of nationalization of societies are stronger than the processes of socialization of states. Hence one of the (widely understood) key problems of theWest is how to preserve citizen autonomy. This autonomy is being increasingly threatened by various state agencies and the welfare state’s typical clientism, which try to control each and every citizen. The usual response to this danger is to call for limitation of the state’s role, for a minimal state, etc. This author thinks that such postulates are unrealistic, because citizens want the state to be a welfare state and because such a state is functional for democracy. The best response to the threat to individual autonomy and to democracy is the republican response: only the politically mobilized people can maintain an elementary level of state socialization and an essential degree of state segmentation, both of which create the necessary space for individual freedom.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2011, 173, 1; 3-20
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Forecasting the state of national security
Autorzy:
Wyrębek, Henryk.
Powiązania:
Przegląd Policyjny 2021, nr 4, s. 268-278
Data publikacji:
2021
Tematy:
Bezpieczeństwo narodowe
Bezpieczeństwo publiczne
Prognozowanie
Artykuł problemowy
Artykuł z czasopisma naukowego
Artykuł z czasopisma policyjnego
Opis:
Artykuł dotyczy roli prognozowania zagrożeń bezpieczeństwa narodowego. Prognozowanie bezpieczeństwa narodowego należy do obowiązków każdego decydenta, odpowiedzialnego za kwestie bezpieczeństwa wewnętrznego. Prognozowanie stanu bezpieczeństwa jest bardzo pomocne w zapobieganiu czy przeciwdziałaniu różnego rodzaju zagrożeniom.
Bibliografia, netografia na stronach 277-278.
Dostawca treści:
Bibliografia CBW
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Forecasting the state of national security
Autorzy:
Wyrębek, Henryk
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/45223246.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-03-29
Wydawca:
Akademia Policji w Szczytnie
Tematy:
strategy
threats
values
internal factors
external factors
shaping national security
Opis:
Maintaining national security is one of the basic functions of any country. National security includes the problem of opposing all threats to its existence and development, external and internal alike. It is conditioned by the evolution and functioning of the international environment, in which various threats and challenges arise, and also by the security needs within the structure of society. Considering that security — as it is commonly understood — is directly related to external threats, significant importance is attributed to the country’s foreign policy, and the entirety of the undertakings aimed at protecting its sovereignty. Forecasting national security is a necessity and is certainly one of the duties of every decision-maker responsible for internal security issues. Conscious leaders should — and even must — plan the future of their country, organisation or institution as accurately as possible, with such plans extending several years into the future. The ability to forecast the state of security is critical as having a vision of the future and ready-made plans can help prevent or counteract various types of threats.
Źródło:
Przegląd Policyjny; 2021, 144(4); 268-278
0867-5708
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Policyjny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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