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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 486
Tytuł:
Rola Parlamentu Europejskiego w Jednolitym Akcie Europejskim
The Role of the European Parliament in the Uniform European Act
Autorzy:
Podraza, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1871165.pdf
Data publikacji:
1989
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
The Uniform European Act was passed on July 1st, 1987. It modified some articles of the Tracts which create the European Community as well as introduced some new articles: They concern also the decision-making process on the part of the European Community and the place of the European Parliament in it. The European Parliament many a time expressed its opinion on the Uniform European Act during negotiations on its text and after its ratification. The European Parliament has been endowed with new opportunities of participation in the decision-making process of the European Community by: 1/ establishing the procedure of cooperation /or joint action/ and expanding the procedure of consultation in the legislative process, 2/ establishing the procedure of acceptance as regards the membership contracts, association end other forms of cooperation with the European Community, 3/ incorporating European Parliament in European Political Cooperation. It is meant to bring about a greater participation of the European Parliament in the decision-making process of the European Community and, consequently, create such an opportunity for the citizens of the European Community. It is since 1979 on that the members of the European Community have been elected in direct suffrage.
Źródło:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych; 1989, 1; 333-344
0137-4176
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Parlament polski w opinii Józefa Piłsudskiego 1918-1930
The Polish Parliament in the opinion of Józef Piłsudski 1918-1930
Autorzy:
Mucha, Krzysztof W
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16611587.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
Józef Piłsudski at his 51, succeeded to the office of the Temporary Chief of the State on November 22nd 1918. He was expected to be on the post till the first session of the parliament that only was to be elected. Nevertheless it was his decision to announced the elections and convoke the parliament as soon as possible. Doing that J. Piłsudski was looking mainly for the legitimisation of his power by the democratic representation of the people, and not by the organ in which the sovereignty of the restitution state was fixed. We can presume that he did not believe in fact that this body was able to represent an authentic wish of the nation. He was convinced that he had understood himself the true interests of the people correctly enough to be able to act in the name of the nation. On the other hand the Seym (Polish Parliament) that had been elected, treated its post seriously considering itself the only sovereign of the Republic of Poland. This difference of views on the political roles contributed very much to the future conflicts. It was an important factor that created Piłsudski’s opinion on the function of parliament in the political system of the state. There were four questions in Pilsudski’s views concerning the parliament. The first one was connected with the opinions about the particular Seyms. He depreciated all of them, gave them sarcastic epithets, unjust accusations and invectives. In his other public speeches Piłsudski made the differences between the Parliament as an institution and its members as the individuals. According to his views however the parliament as an element of the political system of the state was useless, but still more useless was the individual member of parliament about whom his opinion was even worst. The third question very much underlined in Pitsudski’s speeches was the place of parliament determined by the March constitution. In his eyes there was no excuse for the position of the parliament as the first and most important element of the state political system. To the contrary - he was convinced that the position of both Houses of Parliament as it was fixed by the constitution, could produce nothing but bad results for the state and just a catastrophe as far as the power of the president was concerned. Last but not least he formulated comprehensive opinions about the parliamentary system in general and about the Polish one in particular. He maintained that the parliamentary system was in a deep crisis in the world. He said that the Polish parliament was extremely and incurably ill, and that as an institution it was hated by the society. In those circumstances there is nothing surprising in the fact that it was in Pilsudski’s political environment where the idea of depriving the parliament of its most important attributes and minimising its influence on the political life of the country was born. I t was the main direction of changes introduced by the constitution of April 1935. The postulate of Piłsudski was then realised by that constitution. The Seym still existed but without the real power and influence on the government of the state. In a great part it preserved only the externals of the real parliament.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica; 2001, 71; 27-46
0208-6050
2450-6990
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Differentia specifica ustawy budżetowej według Konstytucji Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z 1997 r.
Differentia Specifica of the Budget Act According to Polish Constitution
Autorzy:
Kowalski, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38711326.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
budżet państwa
ustawa budżetowa
projekt ustawy budżetowej
ustawa o prowizorium budżetowym
rok budżetowy
skrócenie kadencji parlamentu
tryb ustawodawczy
kontrola wykonania ustawy budżetowej
generalny i abstrakcyjny charakter przepisów ustawy
Budget
the Budget act
the Budget bill
mini-budget act
budgetary year
shortening of the term of parliament
legislative procedure
a control of executing the Budget act
general and abstract character of act regulations
Opis:
According to Polish constitution the Budget act is one of acts in genere. Nonetheless some features of the Budget act (also mini-budget act) which differ it from the other acts make this act special, clearly differing it from the others. The differences between usual acts and the Budget act concern, most of all, legislative procedure. Firstly, the Budget bill may be submitted into the Sejm only by the Cabinet. Secondly, passing this bill and submitting it for President's approval should occur within four months since submitting the bill to the Sejm. Otherwise, President may shorten the term of parliament. Thirdly, the Senate has only twenty, instead of thirty, days to examine the Budget act handed over by the Sejm. The Senate can't reject the Budget act as well. Fourthly, President has only seven, instead of twenty one, days to sign the act and he hasn't the power of veto (he can't veto this act). Fifthly, Constitutional Tribunal has only two months to pass a sentence on the Budget act accord with constitution. The Budget act has also exceptional content which determines as with content of many other acts and execution of their regulations, so with activity of governing body, especially executive one which executes the Budget act. The way in which execution of the Budget act is controlled is different as well. Controlling execution of the Budget act, the Sejm also controls simultaneously the Cabinet which is responsible for executing the Budget act. Moreover, not every regulation of the Budget act has general and abstract character which is typical for acts regulations. Finally, the Budget act is always passed for time determined by constitution in advance, that is for budgetary year which is the same as calendar year. Exceptionally it may go to effects for shorter time than budgetary year (mini-budget act). All those differences weigh in favour of treating the Budget act as a sui generis act. Nevertheless they don't justify treating the Budget act as a source of law different from other acts. In other words, the Budget act has the same force of law as other acts, occupying the same position in hierarchy of law sources.
Źródło:
Roczniki Wydziału Nauk Prawnych i Ekonomicznych KUL; 2005, 1, 1; 109-143
1896-6365
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Wydziału Nauk Prawnych i Ekonomicznych KUL
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
JĘZYK W WYBORACH DO PARLAMENTU EUROPEJSKIEGO (NA PRZYKŁADZIE WYBORÓW W POLSCE)
LANGUAGE DURING THE ELECTIONS FOR THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT (THE CASE OF POLAND)
Autorzy:
Ożóg, Kazimierz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1368035.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Źródło:
Polityka i Społeczeństwo; 2005, 2; 85-103
1732-9639
Pojawia się w:
Polityka i Społeczeństwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
LUDOWCY WOBEC IDEI PARLAMENTU POLSKIEGO W LATACH 1918–1919
THE PEASANT MOVEMENT VIS-À-VIS THE IDEA OF POLISH PARLIAMENT IN THE PERIOD 1918–1919
Autorzy:
Cimek, Henryk
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1368043.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Źródło:
Polityka i Społeczeństwo; 2005, 2; 27-45
1732-9639
Pojawia się w:
Polityka i Społeczeństwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Magnetic Fields of Induction Heaters in the Framework of Directive 2004/40/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
Autorzy:
Decat, G.
Deckx, L.
Meynen, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89978.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
electromagnetic field
occupational exposure
high exposure sources
mitigation
pole elektromagnetyczne
pole magnetyczne
prawo
prawo pracy
urządzenia grzewcze
ekspozycja
dyrektywa 2004/40/WE
Opis:
The spectrum and the polarization of the magnetic flux density (B-field) of 6 induction heaters and 1 arc oven were measured by means of a PMM (Italy) spectrum analyser. The spectrum analysis showed that no substantial harmonics were observed while the polarization analysis revealed that the operator’s exposure was non-homogeneous within a distance of 1.5 m from the heater. When the distance was larger, the body was homogeneously exposed. In general we can state that the B-field strongly varied between heaters and that exposure exceeded the occupational reference levels recommended by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) (1998) and European Directive 2004/40/EC in 5 of the 7 heaters. Within the framework of the Directive some protection actions should be taken. Whereas mitigation of existing/old induction ovens is difficult, the design of new induction heaters and their housing should be based, among others, on electromagnetic reducing engineering concepts.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2006, 12, 2; 169-176
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Narodziny parlamentaryzmu rosyjskiego w latach 1905-1906 w oczach Polaków
The birth of Russian parliamentarism in 1905-1906s in the perception of the Poles
Autorzy:
Sobczak, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/482151.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006-12-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Tematy:
Russian history
history
parliament
Opis:
The 100th anniversary of creation of the quazi parliament in the form of the State Duma as the Lower Chamber and in general reorganized State Council as the Upper Chamber takes place in 2006 and is of great interest not only historians but also of the specialists in study of literature, as they watch and research the social changes in the Russian state organization and can’t stand paying attention to the influence of this event on the political consciousness of the Russians of the first decade of the XXth century which was consolidated in a lot of works, also works of literature.The subject of the article is to show the attitude to that event of the Polish society, especially of the Poles from the Polish Kingdom, which was under the Russian reign in those times. The author represents this attitude through the utterances of the most influential people of the Polish public opinion, such as: Bolesław Prus, Jozef Piłsudski, Wladysław Studnicki, Tadeusz Grużewski, Hipolit Korwin-Milewski, Konstanty Skirmunt and gen. Jan Jacyna, also the utterances of the leading figures of ND, PPS and the editors of the popular „Kurier Warszawski”.A conclusion, to which the author comes on the basis of this discourse, is the following: inPolish opinion, in the majority of cases the skepticism prevailed, which regarded the reformatory possibilities of the Duma and also the attitude to the new system in Russia, which replaced the former autocratic tsarist absolutism in 1906, as a system, which, despite all its limitations, nevertheless was constitutional, and of Russia itself, as a monarchy, already representative.
Źródło:
Acta Polono-Ruthenica; 2006, 1, XI; 67-83
1427-549X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Polono-Ruthenica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 486

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