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Tytuł:
Global Jurassic tetrapod biochronology
Autorzy:
Lucas, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2061346.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Jurassic
tetrapod
footprints
biostratigraphy
land-vertebrate faunachron
provinciality
Opis:
Jurassic tetrapod fossils are known from all of the continents, and their distribution documents a critical paleobiogeographic juncture in tetrapod evolution – the change from cosmopolitan Pangean tetrapod faunas to the provincialized faunas that characterize the late Mesozoic and Cenozoic. Two global tetrapod biochronological units (faunachrons) have been named for the Early Jurassic – Wassonian and Dawan – and reflect some Early Jurassic tetrapod cosmopolitanism. However, after the Dawan, a scattered and poorly-dated Middle Jurassic tetrapod record and a much better understood Upper Jurassic tetrapod record indicate that significant provincialization of the global tetrapod fauna had begun. Middle Jurassic tetrapod assemblages include distinct local genera of sauropod dinosaurs, which are large, mobile terrestrial tetrapods, and this suggests marked provinciality by Bajocian time. The obvious provincialism of well known Chinese Middle-Upper Jurassic dinosaur faunas also documents the end of tetrapod cosmopolitanism. The distribution of some Late Jurassic dinosaur taxa defines a province that extended from the western USA through Europe into eastern Africa. Provincial tetrapod biochronologies have already been proposed for this province and for the separate eastern Asian Late Jurassic province. Tetrapod footprints only identify two global assemblage zones, one of Early Jurassic and the other of Middle-Late Jurassic age. The incomplete state of Jurassic tetrapod biochronology reflects both an inadequate record with poor temporal constraints and a relative lack of study of the biostratigraphy of Jurassic fossil vertebrates.
Źródło:
Volumina Jurassica; 2008, 6, 1; 99-108
1896-7876
1731-3708
Pojawia się w:
Volumina Jurassica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Tetrapod trace fossils from lowermost Jurassic strata of the Moenave Formation, northern Arizona, USA
Autorzy:
Tanner, L.
Lucas, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2061343.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
burrows
tetrapod
cynodont
tritylodontid
rhizolith
Moenave
Lower Jurassic
Opis:
At Moenkopi Wash along the Ward Terrace escarpment of northern Arizona strata of the upper Dinosaur Canyon Member of the Moenave Formation contain sedimentary structures we interpret as casts of tetrapod burrows. Sandstone casts and in situ burrows occur concentrated in two horizons that extend several hundred meters along the Ward Terrace escarpment. The structures, hosted in beds of eolian sandstone, form interconnecting networks of burrows that branch at right angles. Individual burrow casts have sub-circular cross sections and consist of nearvertical tunnels and horizontal to low-angle galleries that connect to larger chambers. Most burrow casts measure 5 to 15 cm in diameter, are filled by sandstone of similar grain size as the host rock, and have walls that are unlined and lack external ornamentation. Bedding plane exposure of the lower horizon reveals that the density of burrows exceeds 30 vertical tunnels per square meter. One exposure in the upper horizon reveals burrows concentrated in a mound-like structure with 1 m of relief. Rhizoliths, distinguished from burrows by their typical smaller diameters, calcareous infilling, and downward branching, co-occur with these burrows in the upper horizon. The fossil burrows in the Moenave Formation appear to have been constructed by a fossorial tetrapod with social behavior similar to the modern Mediterranean blind mole-rat. Although no skeletal remains are associated with the burrows, the fossil record suggests that the most likely producers of the Moenave burrows were tritylodontid cynodonts.
Źródło:
Volumina Jurassica; 2008, 6, 1; 133-141
1896-7876
1731-3708
Pojawia się w:
Volumina Jurassica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hettangian tetrapod burrows from the continental Steierdorf Formation at Anina, western Romania
Autorzy:
Csiki-Sava, Z.
Kedzior, A.
Pienkowski, G.
Popa, M. E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2059864.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
tetrapod burrows
therapsids
crocodyliforms
dinosaurs
Lower Hettangian
Steierdorf Formation
Opis:
Very large, sparsely distributed, sinuous, gently dipping and occasionally branching tunnels with subordinate swells, as well as possible chambers and scratches, are described from the Hettangian Dealul Budinic Member of the Lower Jurassic continental Steierdorf Formation at Anina in the South Carpathians, Romania, and are interpreted as tetrapod burrows. No bone remains have been found in association with these structures. The morphology and large dimensions of the burrows suggest that the trace-makers were sauropsid amniotes, most probably either crocodyliforms or small-sized basal neornithischian dinosaurs, although their therapsid affinities, despite being less likely, cannot be discarded either. The age, large size and probable origin of these burrows add important information to a poorly documented period of the evolution of tetrapod fossoriality. It may be suggested that within a relatively short time interval following the Triassic-Jurassic extinction event, when environmental conditions were still marked by strongly seasonal climate with prolonged droughts as well as extreme moisture and temperature fluctuations, fossorial habit probably became yet again an endurance strategy for burrow makers.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2016, 60, 2; 395--406
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Toward the origin of amniotes: Diadectomorph and synapsid footprints from the early Late Carboniferous of Germany
Autorzy:
Voigt, S.
Ganzelewski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20515.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
amniote
tetrapod
diadectomorph
footprint
Late Carboniferous
Carboniferous
paleontology
Germany
Ichniotherium
Dimetropus
Cotylosauria
tetrapod track
Opis:
Ichnotaxonomic revision of two extended sequences of large tetrapod footprints from the Westphalian A Bochum Formation of western Germany suggests assignment of the specimens to the well−known Permo−Carboniferous ichnogenera Ichniotherium and Dimetropus. Trackway parameters and imprint morphology strongly support basal diadectomorphs and “pelycosaurian”−grade synapsid reptiles, respectively, as the most likely trackmakers. The ichnofossils thereby extend the first appearance of these two important groups of basal tetrapods by about 5–10 million years, to the early Late Carboniferous, which is in accordance with the minimum age for the evolutionary origin of the clades following widely accepted phylogenetic analyses. These trackways provide not only direct evidence bearing on activity and behaviour of large terrestrial tetrapods close to the origin of amniotes, but also serve as a valuable benchmark for the assessment of controversially interpreted vertebrate tracks from other localities of similar age.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2010, 55, 1
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A new discosauriscid seymouriamorph tetrapod from the Lower Permian of Moravia, Czech Republic
Autorzy:
Klembara, J
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20297.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
Moravia
Seymouriamorpha
Boskovice Furrow
skeletal anatomy
Makowskia laticephala
new genus
Lower Permian
Permian
Czech Republic
new species
Discosauriscidae
tetrapod
paleontology
Opis:
A new genus and species, Makowskia laticephala gen. et sp. nov., of seymouriamorph tetrapod from the Lower Permian deposits of the Boskovice Furrow in Moravia (Czech Republic) is described in detail, and its cranial reconstruction is presented. It is placed in the family Discosauriscidae (together with Discosauriscus and Ariekanerpeton) on the following character states: short preorbital region; rounded to oval orbits positioned mainly in anterior half of skull; otic notch dorsoventrally broad and anteroposteriorly deep; rounded to oval ventral scales. Makowskia is distinguished from other Discosauriscidae by the following characters: nasal bones equally long as broad; interorbital region broad; prefrontalpostfrontal contact lies in level of frontal mid−length (only from D. pulcherrimus); maxilla deepest at its mid−length; suborbital ramus of jugal short and dorsoventrally broad with long anterodorsal−posteroventral directed lacrimal−jugal suture; postorbital anteroposteriorly short and lacks elongated posterior process; ventral surface of basioccipital smooth; rows of small denticles placed on distinct ridges and intervening furrows radiate from place immediately laterally to articular portion on ventral surface of palatal ramus of pterygoid (only from D. pulcherrimus); oblique anterior margin of transverse flange of pterygoid directed anteromedially−posterolaterally; cultriform process of parasphenoid relatively short and slightly rounded; ventral surface of the posterior plate of parasphenoid heavily sculptured (only from D. pulcherrimus and Ariekanerpeton); distal ends of fourth and fifth presacral ribs distinctly anteroposteriorly broadened, and extend into the hook−like, posteriorly directed processes; shaft of ?last caudal rib anteroposteriorly broadened; posterior stem of interclavicle narrows anteriorly and posteriorly from broadened mid−length section.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2005, 50, 1
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ichnotaxonomy and trackmaker assignment of tetrapod tracks and swimming traces from the Middle Permian Hornburg Formation of Saxony-Anhalt (Germany)
Autorzy:
Buchwitz, Michael
Marchetti, Lorenzo
Jansen, Maren
Falk, Daniel
Trostheide, Frank
Schneider, Joerg W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1836268.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
Tematy:
rotliegend
tetrapod ichnology
Capitosauroides
Amphisauropus
Therapsida
Konberg
Opis:
Here we describe new material of tetrapod tracks and swimming traces from the Konberg quarry, a tracksite of the late middle Permian Hornburg Formation in Saxony-Anhalt, central Germany. A relatively well-preserved trackway and several isolated imprints are assigned to Capitosauroides isp. Among others, toe proportions in the manus and pes footprints of the newly described specimens and the long, proximal and detached pedal digit V imprint are similar to the type ichnospecies Capitosauroides bernburgensis from the Early Triassic of Bernburg, Saxony-Anhalt. In these features the new Konberg material differs from other ichnotaxa, such as Amphisauropus and Varanopus, which may look similar in their relative length of the sole, digit proportions and/or in the digit tip imprint morphology. The comparatively large manus imprint, which is wider than long, the relative length and shape of the sole impression, the digit proportions that are indicative for a more ectaxonic manus a more mesaxonic pes, the low pace angulation and the low imprint-size-normalized stride length in the Konberg track type are distinct from C. bernburgensis. It shares, however, a certain similarity with recently described material of Capitosauroides from middle-late Permian tracksites. These observations are in agreement with the results of a multivariate analysis including Capitosauroides and morphologically similar ichnotaxa. Our findings would justify the erection of a new ichnospecies if more trackways with a similar or slightly better preservation were at hand. Hornburg Formation material previously assigned to Amphisauropus is herein considered as indetermined tetrapod tracks, whereas the oc-currence of Dromopus isp. is confirmed. This reassignment shortens the stratigraphic range of the ichnogenus Amphisauropus,which appears to be restricted to the early Permian, since younger occurrences are questionable. In agreement with the attribution of Capitosauroides to eutheriodont producers, we regard the Konberg material assigned to this ichnogenus as tracks of small and possibly semi-aquatic therapsids. Abundant tetrapod swimming traces that co-occur with Capitosauroides isp. on the same bedding planes are interpreted as having been made by the same group of producers. The subaquatic traces often consist of short parallel claw mark sets. In agreement with a derived amniote producer group, they indicate propulsion by parasagittal limb movement rather than axial undulation.
Źródło:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2020, 90, 3; 291-320
0208-9068
Pojawia się w:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Jurassic tetrapod footprint ichnofaunas and ichnofacies of the Western Interior, USA
Autorzy:
Lockley, M.
Gierlinski, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2077341.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Jurassic
footprints
ichnofacies
dinosaurs
pterosaurs
Western Interior
jura
ślady
dinozaury
Opis:
The Jurassic tetrapod track record of the Western Interior, USA, is one of the most diverse, complete and well-studied in the world, spanning a relatively continuous representation of Lower, Middle and Upper Jurassic formations. Although a few of these formations, notably the Morrison Formation, have yielded abundant body fossils, the majority lack abundant skeletal remains and, while trackrich, are in some cases completely barren of body fossils. Thus, the track record assumes great importance as the most complete and representative record of changing tetrapod faunas through time in a region where the body fossil record is often sparse or absent. In the Lower and Middle Jurassic, many distinctive assemblages are associated with eolian units (Wingate, Navajo and Entrada) that are almost devoid of body fossils. However, the former two units are rich in synapsid tracks characterized as the Brasilichnium ichnofacies. In the Middle Jurassic, fluctuating sea-levels exerted important controls on the distribution of theropod and pterosaur-dominated ichnofaunas associated with coastal plain and marginal marine settings. The Morrison ichnofauna is a reliable reflection of the body fossil record of that formation. Ongoing efforts to group and classify the various tetrapod ichnofaunas into tetrapod ichnofacies and tetrapod biochron categories have, in some cases, provoked stimulating, if sometimes inconclusive, debate.
Źródło:
Volumina Jurassica; 2014, 12, 2; 133-150
1896-7876
1731-3708
Pojawia się w:
Volumina Jurassica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The origins of the cochlea and impedance matching hearing in synapsids
Autorzy:
Laaß, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20432.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
origin
cochlea
Therapsida
Anomodontia
tympanic hearing
Permian
South Africa
synapsid
tetrapod
Opis:
The origin of tympanic hearing in early synapsids is still controversial, because little is known about their inner ear and the function of their sound conducting apparatus. Here I describe the earliest known tympanic ear in the synapsid lineage, the ear of Pristerodon (Therapsida, Anomodontia) from the Late Permian of South Africa, which was virtually reconstructed from neutron tomographic data. Although Pristerodon is not a direct ancestor of mammals, its inner ear with distinctive cochlear cavity represents a connecting link between the primitive therapsid inner ear and the mammalian inner ear. The anatomy of the sound conducting apparatus of Pristerodon and the increased sound pressure transformer ratio points to a sensitivity to airborne sound. Furthermore, the origins of the cochlea and impedance matching hearing in synapsids coincided with the loss of contact between head and substrate, which already took place at least in Late Permian therapsids even before the postdentary bones became detached from the mandible.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2016, 61, 2
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Candidate sections for the GSSP of the base of the Bathonian Stage (Middle Jurassic)
Autorzy:
Fernandez-Lopez, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2061360.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Jurassic
tetrapod
footprints
biostratigraphy
land-vertebrate faunachron
provinciality
Opis:
In accordance with the recommendations of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS), the leading candidate for the Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of the base of the Bathonian Stage is located in the Ravin du B?s (Bas Auran area, SE France). This section was formally proposed as candidate nineteen years ago. A second potential candidate section is located in the Cabo Mondego area (Portugal). This Portuguese section, however, has not been formally proposed as a candidate for the Bathonian basal boundary stratotype. The formal selection and proposal of a GSSP for the Bathonian Stage is the responsibility of the Bathonian Working Group (BtWG) and is expected by September 2007. In accordance with the procedures to ratify GSSPs, a formal ballot on the selection and proposal of a GSSP for the Bathonian Stage, by post or email, by all members of the BtWG is the responsibility of the convenor and the International Subcommission on Jurassic Stratigraphy Executive, and will be carried out within this time scale.
Źródło:
Volumina Jurassica; 2009, 7, 1; 77-88
1896-7876
1731-3708
Pojawia się w:
Volumina Jurassica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New basal synapsid supports Laurasian origin for therapsids
Autorzy:
Liu, J
Rubidge, B.
Li, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/21774.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
synapsid
Laurasia
therapsid
fossil
paleontology
China
Therapsida
Dashankou
Permian
fauna
Gansu province
tetrapod fossil
Opis:
The distant evolutionary ancestry of mammals is documented by a rich therapsid fossil record. While sphenacodontid synapsids are considered the sister−group of therapsids, the place of origin of therapsids is an enigma, largely because of a long standing morphological and temporal gap (Olson’s Gap) in their fossil record. We describe a new large predatory synapsid, Raranimus dashankouensis gen. et sp. nov., from the Middle Permian of Dashankou in China which has a unique combination of therapsid and sphenacodontid features. This specimen is of great significance asit is a basal therapsid which is the sister taxon to all other therapsids. The fact that it was found in association with Early Permian tetrapods (Anakamacops and Belebey) suggests that it is the oldest therapsid and provides the first evidence of therapsid−bearing rocks which cover Olson’s Gap. It further supports that therapsids may have had a Laurasian rather than Gondwanan origin.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2009, 54, 3; 393-400
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Jiyuan tetrapod fauna of the Upper Permian of China: new pareiasaur material and the reestablishment of Honania complicidentata
Autorzy:
Xu, L.
Li, X.-W.
Jia, S.-H.
Liu, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22012.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Opis:
Honania complicidentata and Tsiyuania simplicidentata are pareiasaur taxa based on material from the Shangshihezi Formation of Jiyuan, Henan Province, China that were earlier designated as nomina vana. Based on the study of new material, and the reexamination of old specimens, we determine that the pareiasaur material from Jiyuan represents a single species that differs from all known species from other localities. Thus, we resurrect the name H. complicidentata for the material from Jiyuan. H. complicidentata is characterized by maxillary teeth with high crowns, dentary teeth slightly posteriorly inclined compared to the dentary dorsal margin, nearly all preserved marginal teeth have a cusped cingulum on the lingual surface, and humerus without an ectepicondylar foramen. Phylogenetic analysis shows Honania is more basal than Shansisaurus and Shihtienfenia from the Sunjiagou Formation of China.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2015, 60, 3
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Lopingian tetrapod footprints from the Venetian Prealps, Italy: new discoveries in a largely incomplete panorama
Autorzy:
MARCHETTI, LORENZO
BELVEDERE, MATTEO
MIETTO, PAOLO
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/945940.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
tetrapoda
footprints
paleoecology
lopingian
val gardena sandstone
venetian prealps
Opis:
fter new studies were carried out in the Lopingian Val Gardena Sandstone of northern Italy, in the Recoaro area (Venetian Prealps, NE Italy), the following tetrapod ichnotaxa are identified: cf. Capitosauroides isp., cf. Merifontichnus isp., Pachypes isp., Paradoxichnium isp., and Rynchosauroides isp., probably corresponding to ?parareptile, captorhinid eureptile, pareiasaurid parareptile, archosauromorph neodiapsid, and lacertoid neodiapsid trackmakers, respectively. An undetermined track shows features consistent with possible therapsid producers. These are the first possible records of Merifontichnus and Capitosauroides in the Lopingian (late Permian) and one of the few records of Paradoxichnium worldwide. The paleoecology of the ichnoassociation highlights a relatively high diversity in the floodplain lithofacies, a monospecific association of Rhynchosauroides in distal floodplain/sabkha environments and the occurrence of Paradoxichnium isp. and cf. Capitosauroides only in the lagoon lithofacies, suggesting different habits of the trackmakers. The tetrapod ichnoassociation is characterized by eureptile and parareptile tracks, and differs from the classic Lopingian tetrapod ichnoassociation of the Dolomites mainly because of the absence of chirotheriid and small parareptile ichnotaxa. A comparison of the Italian tetrapod ichnoassociation with other Lopingian non-eolian ichnofaunas suggests a possible preference for marginal marine settings by the archosauromorph and therapsid trackmakers at low-latitudes of Pangaea.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2017, 62, 4; 801-817
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Synaptichnium tracks from the middle Muschelkalk (Middle Triassic, Anisian) Bernburg site (Saxony-Anhalt, Germany)
Autorzy:
Marchetti, Lorenzo
Klein, Hendrik
Falk, Daniel
Wings, Oliver
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1836265.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
Tematy:
Triassic
tetrapod footprints
Ichnotaxonomy
chirotheriid tracks
Germanic Basin
tidal palaeoenvironments
Opis:
The Solvay Quarry of Bernburg is one of the most important ichnosites from the Muschelkalk of the Germanic Basin. Extensive surfaces with long chirotheriid trackways have been discovered and assigned to Chirotherium and Isochirotherium. Some undescribed step cycles from this site are analysed here and assigned to Synaptichnium isp. These footprints belong to a “thick-digit” Synaptichnium morphotype recognised at several Middle Triassic sites of Pangaea that seems to differ from the currently valid Synaptichnium ichnospecies. This is the first occurrence of Synaptichnium from this site and the only including step cycles one from the track-bearing Muschelkalk successions of N Germany and the Netherlands. A comparison between the tetrapod ichnoassociations of marginal marine and alluvial units of the Muschelkalk of the Germanic Basin reveals a similar ichnofaunal composition but different relative proportions between ichnotaxa. Rhynchosauroides and Procolophonichnium occur more often in tidal units, whereas the alluvial units show a higher abundance of chirotheriid tracks and an overall greater track diversity.
Źródło:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2020, 90, 3; 321-330
0208-9068
Pojawia się w:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modes of ventilation in early tetrapods: costal aspiration as a key feature of amniotes
Autorzy:
Janis, C M
Keller, J C
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/21209.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
reptile
bird
skin
carbon dioxide
mammal
ventilation
anamniote
amphibian
rib
tetrapod
skull
egg
Opis:
The key difference between amniotes (reptiles, birds and mammals) and anamniotes (amphibians in the broadest sense of the word) is usually considered to be the amniotic egg, or a skin impermeable to water. We propose that the change in the mode of lung ventilation from buccal pumping to costal (rib-based) ventilation was equally, if not more important, in the evolution of tetrapod independence from the water. Costal ventilation would enable superior loss of carbon dioxide via the lungs: only then could cutaneous respiration be abandoned and the skin made impermeable to water. Additionally efficient carbon dioxide loss might be essential for the greater level of activity of amniotes. We examine aspects of the morphology of the heads, necks and ribs that correlate with the mode of ventilation. Anamniotes, living and fossil, have relatively broad heads and short necks, correlating with buccal pumping, and have immobile ribs. In contrast, amniotes have narrower, deeper heads, may have longer necks, and have mobile ribs, in correlation with costal ventilation. The stem amniote Diadectes is more like true amniotes in most respects, and we propose that the changes in the mode of ventilation occurred in a stepwise fashion among the stem amniotes. We also argue that the change in ventilatory mode in amniotes related to changes in the postural role of the epaxial muscles, and can be correlated with the evolution of herbivory.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2001, 46, 2
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Early Jurassic dinosaur-dominated track assemblages, floristic and environmental changes in the Holy Cross Mountains region, Poland
Autorzy:
Pacyna, Grzegorz
Ziaja, Jadwiga
Barbacka, Maria
Pieńkowski, Paweł
Jarzynka, Agata
Niedźwiecki, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2201217.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Mesozoic
ecosystems
tetrapod tracks
plant macrofossils
palynomorphs
trace fossils
Opis:
The Early Jurassic succession of the Holy Cross Mountains region in Poland offers a rare opportunity to study ecosystem complexity during the evolution and diversification of early dinosaurs, especially herbivorous ones. The section consists of continental and coastal deposits containing fossil assemblages spanning nearly 25 My of changes in terrestrial plants and some groups of invertebrates and tetrapods. Based on macrofossils and pollen and spores, the broader characteristics of the flora in this succession are presented. The floral assemblages show typical Early Jurassic characteristics and contain lycopsids, sphenopsids, ferns, cycadaleans, bennettitaleans, gnetaleans and ginkgoaleans, as well as conifers, and are similar to other Hettangian–Toarcian floral successions in Europe, showing the presence of a vast coniferous forest dominated by Hirmeriella in the early Hettangian, replaced by ginkgophyte-dominated floras in younger stages and araucarian conifer-dominated forests in the late Pliensbachian. Dinosaurs are documented mainly from their trace fossils (tracks and coprolites). Six distinct track assemblages (stratigraphically separated ichnoassemblages) of different ages can be identified. Current evidence indicates that while Anomoepus tracks are abundant throughout the long Hettangian–late Pliensbachian interval, medium-sized to large ornithischian tracks do not occur below the lower–middle Hettangian transition zone, associated with the first major marine transgression in the region. Hettangian strata with different theropod tracks (Grallator, Anchisauripus, Eubrontes, Kayentapus, cf. Megalosauripus), small Anomoepus tracks, numerous medium-sized Anomoepus-like tracks, Moyenisauropus tracks, tetradactyl tracks of sauropodomorphs (cf. Pseudotetrasauropus) and oval-shaped tracks of sauropods (Parabrontopodus) significantly contrast with the higher part of the Lower Jurassic succession (upper Pliensbachian Drzewica Formation and middle–upper Toarcian Borucice Formation) containing new types of medium-sized to large theropod tracks (Therangospodus), small and medium-sized bird-like tridactyl tracks (cf. Trisauropodiscus, cf. Anomoepus), exceptionally large, oval-shaped sauropod tracks (Sauropoda indet.), and new types of medium-sized and large ornithischian tracks (cf. Deltapodus, cf. Anomoepus). This points to a noticeable difference between the Hettangian and late Pliensbachian–Toarcian dinosaur ichnofaunas and may facilitate the study of regional and global changes and correlations. Both the palaeofloras and dinosaur trace fossils document ecosystem diversity and ecosystem changes, presented here in review form. The nature of these changes requires more detailed study, but preliminary results suggest the occurrence of rather complex and pronounced transformations in the dinosaur communities of the Holy Cross Mountains region. Based on our observations, the most significant event in Early Jurassic ecosystems took place within the Hettangian (change in floristic composition, the emergence of new groups of dinosaurs), but we also found what we believe to be a record of a major faunal turnover across the late Pliensbachian–middle–late Toarcian interval.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2022, 66, 3; art. no. 29
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 16

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