Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:

Species conversion of spruce stands in the Wisła Forest District

Autorzy:

Skrzyszewski, J
Skrzyszewska, K.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41743.pdf

Data publikacji:

2004

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

Wisla Forest District
spruce
Picea abies
Istebna spruce
seed stand
spruce stand
forest tree
species conversion

Opis:

The paper provides some guidelines on the choice of the target species compositions for plantations that would replace monocultural spruce stands growing on the sites of the Silesian Beskid Mts. Part of the guidelines relates to the rules governing the sequence in which the monocultures will be converted into mixed stands. It is suggested that those rules should be combined with the principles of the establishment of progenyplantations. The seed stands of the Istebna spruce are experimentally divided into four categories according to their abilityto perform the function of a seed stand. The following features of the stands are analysed: vitality, density, stage of regeneration, protective and cultural functions. The paper contains also an outline of the methods of species conversion and the relevant references.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2004, 51 Supplement
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:

Induction of somatic embryogenesis in spruce: Picea omorika, P. pungens "Glauca", P. breweriana and P. abies

Autorzy:

Hazubska, T
Szczygiel, K.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41201.pdf

Data publikacji:

2003

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

Norway spruce
Picea pungens
Serbian spruce
Picea abies
blue spruce
Picea omorika
clonal propagation
spruce
somatic embryogenesis
maturation
embryogenesis
Picea breweriana
somatic embryo

Opis:

The studies were carried out on seed explants (mature zygotic embryos) of four spruce species: Picea omorika (Pancić) Purk., P. pungens ‘Glauca' Beisnn., P. breweriana S. Watson and P. abies (L.) Karst. The explants required darkness during the induction of embryogenic tissue. Temporary exposure of explants to light did not increase their embryogenic capacity. It was observed that the temperature of 25°C was the optimal for embryogenic tissue induction from mature zygotic embryos of Picea omorika. Cold treatment at 4°C during one week improved embryogenic tissue initiation in the explants of P. pungens ‘Glauca'. Seed explants of Picea omorika produced embryogenic tissue on medium lacking glutamine. Only explants of Picea abies and P. omorika showed embryogenic tissue formation. For effective proliferation of embryogenic tissue in Picea abies and P. omorika it was necessary to supply the medium with 2,4-D (4.5-9 μM) and BA (2.25 μM). Two of three analized lines showed that ABA promote somatic embryo maturation, at the ABA concentration 20 μM in the medium.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2003, 50
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:

Świerk, drzewo proste
The Spruce, a Straight Tree

Autorzy:

Szcześniak, Krystyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1045569.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013-01-01

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

Tematy:

Slavs
Balts
spruce
ethnolinguistics
beliefs
chants

Opis:

The article discusses the place of the spruce in Slavic and Baltic customs, folk medicine, chants, and superstitions. The research has demonstrated that the tree has many meanings in Slavic culture (it is treated there as a female tree, which is suggested by its name in East Slavic languages), and although it seems to be straight and simple (because it is the way it grows) it has turned out to be a liminal tree of borderlands, connecting life with death, and allowing for a reconciliation with inevitability of passing, facilitating the passage of a dead person’s soul to the other dimension of eternal life. The spruce combines the joy of wedding (because it is included in the wedding tree) with the threat of infertility (if it is planted too close to home). Additionally, it protects cattle from witches and evil spirits (for the first pasture outing, cattle was driven with a spruce twig, or a tree was laid before the building from which the animals were driven out). Its blades, twigs, and cones were widely used as designates in folk medicine chants, and for infusions, extracts, and ointments used externally and internally as medicines.

Źródło:

Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza; 2013, 20, 2; 183-193
1233-8672
2450-4939

Pojawia się w:

Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:

Udział kory w miąższości świerka w drzewostanach świerkowo-sosnowych i sosnowo-świerkowych
Proportion of bark in the volume of spruce in spruce-pine and pine-spruce stands

Autorzy:

Rymer-Dudzinska, T.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/811845.pdf

Data publikacji:

1981

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Źródło:

Sylwan; 1981, 125, 07-09
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:

Population parameters as an andicator of susceptibility of ornamental coniferous plants to spruce spider mite

Autorzy:

Czajkowska, B.
Kielkiewicz, M.
Puchalska, E.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65565.pdf

Data publikacji:

2003

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

cypress
Oligonychus ununguis
conifer
susceptibility
resistance
ornamental plant
spruce
population parameter
spruce spider mite

Źródło:

Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2003, 43, 2
1427-4345

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Plant Protection Research

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:

Comparative evaluation of preservation and growth of spruce climatypes based on long-term provenance trials in Russia

Autorzy:

Nikolaeva, M.A.
Faizulin, D,K,
Potokin, A.P.
Jamaleev, O.A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38408.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014

Wydawca:

Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa

Tematy:

comparative evaluation
preservation
plant growth
growth parameter
spruce
Norway spruce
Picea abies
Siberian spruce
Picea obovata
climatype
long-term provenance trial
provenance trial
progeny
Russia

Opis:

The article presents the results of provenance trials carried on the Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), the Siberian spruce (Picea obovata Ledeb.) and hybrid forms of these two species. The trails were laid in 1977–1978 according to wide-scale All-Union program of 1972 year (Prokazin 1972) in the Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Leningrad regions and the Republic of Bashkortostan. The results of the most recent inventory of provenance trials as well as analyses of preservation and growth of spruce progenies with different geographical origin are presented. One of the main factors affecting spruce progeny survival was north-south distance between seed collection locality and test locality. At the time of the study (2010–2012), in the Vologda and Arkhangelsk regions, spruce progeny preservation was higher in the case of mother stands distant to the north. On the contrary, in the Leningrad region and the Republic of Bashkortostan, preservation of northern climatypes’ progenies was lower during the whole period of plantations’ growth. With the change of seed collection locality towards west-east direction, a correlation between progeny preservation and geographical origin factors was non-existent (Vologda, Arkhangelsk regions) or weak (Leningrad region, Republic of Bashkortostan). The most successful growth and the lowest preservation were observed under the conditions of sharp-continental climate, in provenance trials carried out in the Bashkortostan Republic. In the north of Russia, in provenance trials in the Arkhangelsk region there was observed the slowest spruce growth. On the whole, at all the objects under investigation, Norway spruce progenies and hybrid forms with Norway spruce properties showed better growth parameters when compared to those of the Siberian spruce.

Źródło:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2014, 56, 1
0071-6677

Pojawia się w:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:

Fungi occurring on Colorado blue spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.) in the Cracow Botanic Garden
Grzyby występujące na świerku kłującym (Picea pungens Engelm.) w Krakowskim Ogrodzie Botanicznym

Autorzy:

Bartyńska, M.
Mirski, W.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11364510.pdf

Data publikacji:

2005

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie

Tematy:

disease symptom
park collection
fungi
Krakow city
Botanical Garden in Krakow
Picea pungens
Colorado blue spruce zob.blue spruce
fungal disease
blue spruce
occurrence

Opis:

The aim of the study was to determine the causes of dying down of sprout and needles of Colorado blue spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.) and its cultivar ‘Glauca’ in the park collection of the Botanic Garden of Jagiellonian University in Cracow. For several years, the disease symptoms described in the article have led to the loss of decorative values of these trees. The study was conducted in the years 2002 and 2003 by means of the control of plant healthfulness, phytopathological diagnostics, isolation of microorganisms from tissues exhibiting diseases symptoms, as well as the culture and identification of the isolated fungi. Both, the control of tree healthfulness, and specialized laboratory techniques proved that the symptoms diagnosed in plants had an infectious character, and that the fungi might be the main causing agents. The analysis of the fungal populations isolated from the affected tissues indicates the combined occurrence of fungi in tissues of the studied plants and the domination of the following species: Alternaria consortiale, Aureobasidium pullulans, Penicillium canescens, Phoma pomorum, Ulocladium consortiale, Zythiostroma pinastri.
Badania miały na celu określenie przyczyn zamierania pędów i igieł świerka kłującego (Picea pungens Engelm.) i jego odmiany ‘Glauca’ w nasadzeniach stałych w kolekcji Ogrodu Botanicznego UJ w Krakowie. Wymienione objawy chorobowe przyczyniały się już od kilku lat do utraty walorów dekoracyjnych u tych drzew. W latach 2002 i 2003 przeprowadzono badania w oparciu o ocenę zdrowotności roślin, diagnostykę fitopatologiczną, wyosobnienie mikroorganizmów z tkanek z objawami chorobowymi oraz hodowlę i identyfikację wyosobnionych grzybów. Zarówno określanie zdrowotności drzew jak i specjalne techniki laboratoryjne dowiodły, że zdiagnozowane u roślin objawy mają charakter infekcyjny, a grzyby mogą być ich głównymi sprawcami. Analiza populacji grzybów wyosobnionych z chorych tkanek wskazała na ich kompleksowe występowanie w tkankach badanych roślin, jak też na dominację takich gatunków jak Alternaria consortiale, Aureobasidium pullulans, Penicillium canescens, Phoma pomorum, Ulocladium consortiale, Zythiostroma pinastri.

Źródło:

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus; 2005, 04, 2; 27-37
1644-0692

Pojawia się w:

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:

Role of spruce respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH) during lignin formation in Norway spruce

Autorzy:

Nickolov, K.
Laitinen, T.
Haggman, H.
Teeri, T.
Karkonen, A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/80939.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

conference
Norway spruce
respiratory burst
lignin formation
hydrogen peroxide
NADPH oxidase
phosphorylation
protein-protein interaction

Źródło:

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology; 2013, 94, 2
0860-7796

Pojawia się w:

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:

Determination of Pleurotus abieticola ligninolytic activity on norway spruce wood

Autorzy:

Żółciak, Anna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041965.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019

Wydawca:

Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa

Tematy:

laccase
lignin peroxidase
manganese peroxidase
versatile peroxidase
spruce
white rot fungus
wood

Opis:

The effect of Phlebiopsis gigantea treatment in control of Heterobasidion parviporum in Norway spruce is less effective than that in control of Heterobasidion annosum in pine. It is necessary to apply other fungi, for example, Pleurotus abieticola in Norway spruce stands. Thus, it is necessary to assess the activity of major ligninolytic enzymes, that is, laccase, lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganese peroxidase (MnP) and versatile peroxidase (VP) produced by P. abieticola, which may be effective in the fast degradation of Norway spruce wood. Three strains of P. abieticola (Pa1-3) were grown on pieces of Norway spruce sapwood and heartwood for 50 days in laboratory conditions. Enzymatic activity was determined using spectrophotometry. Pleurotus abieticola produced laccase, LiP, MnP and VP. The activity of laccase was low, ranging 0–3.696 and 0–0.806 mU/μg of protein in sapwood and heartwood, respectively. The highest activity in Pa1 = 3.696 mU/μg of protein in sapwood and in Pa3 = 0.806 mU/μg of protein in heartwood was observed after 30 and 50 days of incubation, respectively. The activity of LiP was also low, ranging 0–0.188 and 0–0.271 mU/μg of protein in sapwood and heartwood, respectively. The highest activity in Pa1 = 0.271 mU/μg of protein in sapwood and in Pa2 = 0.188 mU/μg of protein in heartwood was observed after 40 and 20 days of incubation, respectively. The activity of MnP ranged 0–17.618 and 0–12.203 mU/μg of protein in sapwood and heartwood, respectively. This enzymatic activity peaked at the 50th day of culture on sapwood for the Pa3 strain (17.618 mU/μg of protein) and at the 20th day of culture on heartwood for the Pa1 strain (12.203 mU/μg of protein). The activity of VP with manganese-oxidising properties was found to be high in all strains of P. abieticola, ranging 0–39.19 and 0–59.153 mU/μg of protein in sapwood and heartwood, respectively, whereas the activity of VP with guaiacol-oxidising properties was very low for all P. abieticola strains, ranging 0–0.248 and 0–0.225 mU/μg of protein in sapwood and heartwood, respectively. The values of released hydroxyphenols in P. abieticola strains ranged 24.915–139.766 and 25.19–84.562 µg of protocatechuic acid/ml in sapwood and heartwood, respectively. The values of released methoxyphenols for the evaluated strains of P. abieticola ranged 7.225–23.789 and 1.953–20.651 µg of vanillic acid/ml in sapwood and heartwood, respectively. Further studies with a higher number of strains of this species as well as an optimisation of conditions for the measurement of ligninolytic activity are needed.

Źródło:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2019, 61, 4; 267-277
0071-6677

Pojawia się w:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:

Investigation of Modal Behaviour of Resonance Spruce Wood Samples (Picea abies L.)

Autorzy:

Mania, P.
Fabisiak, E.
Skrodzka, E.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177109.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

resonance wood
spruce wood
modal analysis

Opis:

Results of experimental modal analysis of a resonance and non-resonance spruce wood (Picea abies L.) are presented. The resonance wood came from a tree from Poland and Bosnia and Herzegovina, while the non-resonance wood came from the vicinity of Olsztyn from the north-eastern Poland. The modal parameters (modal frequency, modal damping and mode shapes) of the wood samples were determined for the samples of 8 mm in thickness. Modal analysis was made by pulse excitation. The resonance and non-resonance wood differ in the fundamental modal parameters as well as in the number of potential modes. Additionally, calculated values of damping factor are presented. The values are much bigger for a non-resonance wood than for good quality resonance spruce.

Źródło:

Archives of Acoustics; 2017, 42, 1; 23-28
0137-5075

Pojawia się w:

Archives of Acoustics

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:

Changes in the spruce forests of the Polish Tatra Mts. during the last 80 years

Autorzy:

Kozłowska, A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/294585.pdf

Data publikacji:

2009

Wydawca:

Stowarzyszenie Geomorfologów Polskich

Tematy:

spruce forests
Polish Tatra Mts.
floristic changes during 80 years
vegetation typology

Opis:

On the basis of the historical (dating from the 1920s) and contemporary phytosociological relevés, taken in the spruce forests of the Polish Tatra Mts., the changes were determined that took place in these forests. This area had been for centuries under the influence of human economic activities, mainly pasturing and wood extraction, and then protected in the Tatra National Park. These changes differ according to the altitudinal vegetation belts. In the coniferous forests of the upper montane belt, the changes due to wind breaks or tree stand ageing did not lead to transition to other forest associations. A tendency can yet be noticed of losing a part of the species combinations characteristic for the associations or higher syntaxonomic units, which might be linked with the stopping of grazing in the forests and development of the undergrowth of tall herb character. The association of the fir-and-spruce forests in the lower montane belt displayed much bigger changes. There was an increase of the role of species of the deciduous forests, while the role of the coniferous forest species was limited in the studied patches, which clearly indicates the evolution of the forests towards the beech woods, typical for the lower montane belt. This means a progressing limitation of the spruce forests in the limestone Tatras to the advantage of return of the beech woodsdominated there in older time.

Źródło:

Landform Analysis; 2009, 10; 64-69
1429-799X

Pojawia się w:

Landform Analysis

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:

Health condition of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst. stands in the Beskid Mts

Autorzy:

Holusa, J

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41422.pdf

Data publikacji:

2004

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

Norway spruce
Picea abies
spruce stand
Beskids Mountains
Moravo-Silesian Beskids Mountains
health condition
tree condition
rot infestation
insect
nutrient supply
climatic agent
mechanical destruction
snow
wind
air pollution
physiological condition
tree

Opis:

The health condition of spruce stands in the Moravian-Silesian Beskids is affected by several predisposition factors, the most important of which is the allochthonous character of spruce grown on improper sites. When exposed to a low supply of nutrients and intensive mechanical damage mainly by game, the trees are susceptible to rot infestations, climatic agents and mechanical destruction by snow, hard rime and wind. At present, air pollution does not show any significant impact on the spruce stands; it rather acts as a less important predisposition factor on mountain peaks. The physiological condition of trees is not impaired to the extent which would facilitate infestation with phytophagous or cambioxylophagous insects.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2004, 51 Supplement
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:

Stimulation of somatic embryo growth and development in Picea spp. by polyethylene glycol

Autorzy:

Hazubska-Przybył, Teresa
Wawrzyniak, Mikołaj

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/956841.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

somatic embryogenesis
osmotic stress
germination
norway spruce
serbian spruce

Opis:

The objective of the presented study was to compare the effect of osmotic stress, induced by various concentrations of polyethylene glycol (PEG) MW 4000, on the development, maturation, and conversion of somatic embryos of Picea abies (model species) and P. omorika (endemic species) into somatic seedlings. Embryogenic tissue (ET) of P. abies (line A and B) and P. omorika were incubated on a maturation medium with 20 μM abscisic acid (ABA), 1 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and PEG 4000 at 0, 5, and 7.5%. After 5 weeks, the number of somatic embryos produced, and the number of cotyledonary somatic embryos per 1 gram of ET, was assessed. Cotyledonary somatic embryos were selected and transferred to a Margara germination medium for two months. Their growth, as measured by hypocotyl and radicle length, was evaluated after one month, and the somatic embryos were transferred to fresh medium. After the second month of incubation, the conversion frequency of germinated embryos into the seedlings was assessed. In general, ETs of both of the tested spruce species cultured on a maturation medium amended with 5% PEG 4000 exhibited a tendency to produce a higher total number of embryos, as well as a higher number of cotyledonary embryos. The B line of P. abies produced a significantly greater number of cotyledonary embryos, relative to the control (no PEG). PEG only stimulated hypocotyl growth in embryos of both lines (A and B) of P. abies during the germination stage. Somatic embryos of Picea omorika were characterized by poor growth of both hypocotyls and radicles, irrespective of PEG treatment. The addition of PEG 4000 to the maturation medium did not improve the conversion frequency of germinated somatic embryos into somatic seedlings in either spruce species after a month of incubation on Margara medium. The effect of PEG 4000 on somatic embryogenesis efficiency was more evident in the ET of the two P. abies lines, relative to the P. omorika ET line, during both the maturation and the germination stage. Results indicated that the P. omorika ET line was almost completely insensitive to all of the PEG concentrations tested.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2017, 78; 168-178
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:

Gleby świerczyn Żywiecczyzny
Soils under spruce in Żywiec Region

Autorzy:

Baran, S.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/818832.pdf

Data publikacji:

1968

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Źródło:

Sylwan; 1968, 112, 06
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 15.

Tytuł:

Breeding programmes of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst. in the Czech Republic

Autorzy:

Hynek, V

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41747.pdf

Data publikacji:

2004

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

Czech Republic
forest tree
Norway spruce
Picea abies
breeding programme
altitudinal vegetation zone

Opis:

In the Czech Republic, Norway spruce has a natural representation in all forest altitudinal vegetation zones, in some of which (FAVZ 1, 2 and 9), however, it is scarce. The three basic climatic ecotypes of spruce identified in the Czech territory, i.e. an upland ecotype, a higher elevation ecotype and a mountain ecotype, can be characterised on the basis of the forest altitudinal vegetation zones of their origin. The paper presents the breeding work completed so far and all the breeding programmes implemented for Norway spruce, including projects worked out for the Krkonoše National Park.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2004, 51 Supplement
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 16.

Tytuł:

Size and localisation of knots in timber from mountain spruce stands in the Dolomites

Autorzy:

Barszcz, A.
Sandak, A.
Sandak, J.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38333.pdf

Data publikacji:

2010

Wydawca:

Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa

Tematy:

size
localization
knot
timber
mountain spruce
tree stand
Dolomites
knot healthiness

Opis:

The aim of the study was evaluation of knots in wood of 150-year-old Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] in stands situated at the altitude of 1450– 1740 m above sea level in the Dolomites in Italian section of the Alps. In selected stands, spruce trees were cut down and their length, stem thickness, height to the crown base and stem diameters at every 1 m along the length of merchantable bole were measured. The diameter of knots was measured and they were classified according to their healthiness and the degree of their tightness with the surrounding wood. The relative knot diameters were calculated and the relative height of their location on stem was determined. In total on sample trees there were analysed 1070 knots, of which sound knots (close to 75%) and tight (more than 60%) prevailed. Sound and tight knots had largest diameters, relative diameters and relative heights of location on merchantable boles. The smallest diameters and relative diameters were indicated by rotten and not tight knots that were located at the lowest merchantable bole parts.

Źródło:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2010, 52, 1
0071-6677

Pojawia się w:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 17.

Tytuł:

Insect assemblages in Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] stumps in the Eastern Sudetes

Autorzy:

Skrzecz, I.
Bulka, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38781.pdf

Data publikacji:

2010

Wydawca:

Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa

Tematy:

insect
beetle
Coleoptera
assemblage
Norway spruce
Picea abies
stump
Sudetes Mountains

Źródło:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2010, 52, 2
0071-6677

Pojawia się w:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 18.

Tytuł:

Accumulation properties of Norway spruce (Picea abies) for different radionuclides

Autorzy:

Tomankiewicz, E.
Mietelski, J.
Gaca, P.
Błażej, S.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148612.pdf

Data publikacji:

2006

Wydawca:

Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej

Tematy:

137Cs
50Sr
thorium
spruce tree
Tatra Mts.
aggregation coefficients

Opis:

The paper presents results for the 137Cs, 90Sr, 40K activity concentrations and 228Th/232Th, 230Th/232Th activity ratios in several samples needles from two Norway spruce (Picea abies) trees and two soil samples collected in the Tatra Mountains (Poland) area. Activities for artificial 137Cs and 90Sr show moderate values. Statistically different values were found between the mean concentration of 90Sr and 137Cs in current (C) and two years old (C+2) needles of the first tree, whereas for potassium no significant difference was observed. For the second, fallen tree, no significant difference between the mean activity concentration in needles for C+1 and C+2 was found for each radionuclide, but much lower levels of 137Cs contamination were observed. Observed values of the aggregation coefficients for 137Cs and 90Sr are presented.

Źródło:

Nukleonika; 2006, 51,suppl.2; 59-67
0029-5922
1508-5791

Pojawia się w:

Nukleonika

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 19.

Tytuł:

Kompostowana kora świerkowa jako podłoże pod siew i sadzonki świerka pospolitego
Composted spruce bark as substrate for sowing and plants of Norway spruce

Autorzy:

Filipek, Z.
Duda, J.
Drogosz, S.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/817095.pdf

Data publikacji:

1987

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Źródło:

Sylwan; 1987, 131, 01
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 20.

Tytuł:

A Study on the Correlation between Wood Moisture and the Damping Behaviour of the Tonewood Spruce

Autorzy:

Göken, J.
Fayed, S.
Schäfer, H.
Enzenauer, J.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1030781.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-05

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN

Tematy:

spruce wood
musical instruments
wood moisture
damping measurement

Opis:

In acoustic musical instruments special attention needs to be paid to those particularly sensitive parts made of tonewood whose function is to respond to vibrations. One of the most important tonewoods is spruce because of its good resonance properties. Spruce is especially used for soundboards, these being the primary source of sound. Piano manufacturers dry their soundboards to approximately 6% wood moisture, at which drying stage they are glued into the instrument. Fluctuations of the moisture content in the wood affect the tone. With changing moisture content, the instrument can go out of tune, even cracks can appear at very low moisture content in the wood. In addition, the tone colour will change. This may result from changes in the hammer felt or from changes in the vibration properties of the soundboard. Strain- and frequency-dependent damping measurements were carried out on spruce wood at different wood moisture contents in order to investigate the effect of the moisture content on the vibration behaviour. Wood which is slowly dried in air for several years is preferably used for high-class pianos. Therefore, damping measurements on new and on more than 130-year old spruce wood samples were performed.

Źródło:

Acta Physica Polonica A; 2018, 133, 5; 1241-1260
0587-4246
1898-794X

Pojawia się w:

Acta Physica Polonica A

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 21.

Tytuł:

Research on the variability of Picea abies in Poland: genetic and breeding value of spruce populations in the Polish range of the species

Autorzy:

Sabor, J

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41487.pdf

Data publikacji:

2009

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

international conference
Europe
forest ecosystem
plant breeding
tree
Norway spruce
Picea abies
spruce
plant population
provenance test
intrapopulation variability
genetic resource
genetic value
breeding value
gene bank

Opis:

The work outlines the directions in the past and present research into the variability of Norway spruce in Poland, and presents the results of provenance experiments concerning the genetic and breeding value of provenances tested in the Polish range of spruce distribution. The Istebna race proved to have a good value, however, so far only the progeny of single stands have been tested. It is thus necessary to determine the range of distribution for this race. The altitude of the location of mother stands significantly correlates with the genetic and breeding value of their progeny cultivated at different altitudes. This suggests that the altitude and exposure of plantations to be established in mountain forest belts should be specified for individual provenances (altitudinal zoning). New inventory provenance tests should be run under varied site conditions to assess both the genetic value and plasticity range of the provenances. In view of the biotic and abiotic threats facing spruce, there is a need to work out detailed programmes designed to preserve its genetic resources in gene banks and in vivo archives.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2009, 61 Supplement
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 22.

Tytuł:

Removal of copper, zinc and iron from water solutions by spruce sawdust adsorption

Autorzy:

Kovacova, Zdenka
Demcak, Stefan
Balintova, Magdalena

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/95649.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019

Wydawca:

Fundacja Ekonomistów Środowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych

Tematy:

adsorption
model solution
spruce sawdust
heavy metal
adsorpcja
rozwiązanie modelowe
trociny świerkowe
metal ciężki

Opis:

The water pollution by toxic elements is one of the major problems threatening human health as well as the quality of the environment. Sorption is considered a cost-effective method that is able to effectively remove heavy metals. During past few years, researches have been researching usage of low-cost adsorbents like bark, lignin, chitosan peat moss and sawdust. This paper deals with the study of copper, zinc and iron adsorption by adsorption of spruce sawdust obtained as a by-product from locally used wood. Raw spruce sawdust was used to remove heavy metal ions from the model solutions with ion concentration of 10 mg/L during 24 hours or 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60, 120 min, respectively. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was applied to determine functional groups of sawdust. Sorption efficiency was higher than 67% in short-time experiments and higher than 75% for one day experiments in all tested cations.

Źródło:

Ekonomia i Środowisko; 2019, 3; 64-74
0867-8898

Pojawia się w:

Ekonomia i Środowisko

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 23.

Tytuł:

Incidence of butt rot in Norway spruce seed stands in Polands mountain regions assessed with sonic tomography

Autorzy:

Chomicz, E.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38678.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa

Tematy:

Norway spruce
Picea abies
seed stand
stand age
Polska
mountain region
Picus sonic tomography

Opis:

The incidence and severity of butt rot were assessed in 12 selected Norway spruce seed stands in the Beskidy Mountains, Poland. A semi-invasive technique of sonic tomography was used for the assessment of rot damage. Stands of different age classes (100–120, 130–150, 160–170 years old) and distinct regions of provenance (Istebna and Orawa) were investigated. Hierarchical analysis of variance was used to determine effects of stand age and stand provenance on butt rot occurrence at a stand level. High incidence of butt rot was noted in all of the studied seed stands (47% to 87% of diagnosed tree samples). Stand age had a significant effect on percentage share of ‘damaged wood’ on the tomogram. The extent of rot damage was rising with stand age, and the largest was observed in the age category 160–170 years. Spruce stands of Istebna provenance were generally more damaged by butt rot than those of Orawa provenance, however, the latter have been growing in forest sites more suitable for spruce in terms of fertility and altitude. Hierarchical analysis of variance did not show a statistically significant relationship between the region of provenance and average share of ‘damaged wood’ on the tomogram. Presented results indicate that for stands growing in similar conditions vulnerability to butt rot is determined by stand age. Further research is needed to separate impact of stand provenance identified with specific genetic constitution of a population from the effect of environmental conditions typical of a given region of provenance.

Źródło:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2013, 55, 4
0071-6677

Pojawia się w:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 24.

Tytuł:

Effect of thermal modification temperature of spruce wood on cutting parameters during circular saw blade cutting

Autorzy:

Hlásková, Luďka
Kopecký, Zdeněk
Novák, Vit

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2146674.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021

Wydawca:

Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie

Tematy:

thermal modification
cutting force
specific cutting resistance
circular saw blade
spruce

Opis:

Effect of thermal modification temperature of spruce wood on cutting parameters during circular saw blade cutting. The work examines the effect of temperature on energetical parameters (specific cutting resistance and cutting force) when cutting heat-treated wood of Norway spruce (Picea Abies) by a circular saw. The test samples were heat-treated at 160°C, 180°C, 200°C and 220°C. One sample was not heat treated and was used as a reference sample. In comparison with the theoretical assumptions, the influence of temperature on the cutting force and specific cutting resistance was confirmed. With increasing temperature of modification, the specific cutting resistance and cutting force decreased. The reduction of value of cutting force is related to changes in the chemical structure of the wood components, weight and density loss due to the increasing temperature of modification.
Wpływ temperatury modyfikacji termicznej drewna świerkowego na parametry skrawania podczas cięcia piłą tarczową. W pracy zbadano wpływ temperatury modyfikacji na parametry skrawania (oprór skrawania i siła skrawania) przy cięciu piłą tarczową drewna świerka pospolitego (Picea Abies) poddanego obróbce termicznej. Próbki drewna do badań poddano obróbce w temperaturze 160°C, 180°C, 200°C i 220°C. Jako wariant kontrolny wykorzystano drewno naturalne (nie poddane obróbce termicznej). W ramach badan potwierdzono wpływ temperatury modyfikacji na siłę skrawania i opory skrawania drewna. Wraz ze wzrostem temperatury modyfikacji zmniejszały się wartosci oporu skrawania i siły skrawania. Zmniejszenie wartości siły skrawania związane jest ze zmianami struktury chemicznej składników drewna, ubytkiem masy i gęstości pod wpływem wzrostu temperatury modyfikacji.

Źródło:

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology; 2021, 113; 30--35
1898-5912

Pojawia się w:

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 25.

Tytuł:

Sucha żywica świerkowa
Sukhaja elovaja smola
Dry spruce resin

Autorzy:

Sila, B.
Rady, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/820324.pdf

Data publikacji:

1957

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Źródło:

Sylwan; 1957, 101, 12
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 26.

Tytuł:

Quality assessment methods for Picea abies seeds

Autorzy:

Prochazkova, Z

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41166.pdf

Data publikacji:

2009

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

international conference
Europe
forest ecosystem
plant breeding
tree
Norway spruce
Picea abies
seed quality
purity
germination
health testing
assessment method
spruce seed

Opis:

The quality assessment of spruce seeds consists mainly in determining their germination capacity, including germination rate (speed), but also purity and weight. Internationally recognised methods are listed in the ISTA Rules for Seed Testing which also specify test conditions. Some countries such as Poland use modified methods. Apart from providing information about the purity of a species, purity testing can also identify the proportion of winged seeds in each seed lot. Germination tests yield data on the maximum germination potential of a seed lot which are used to compare the quality of different lots and to establish the field sowing values. This paper presents the methods used for assessing the quality of Norway spruce seeds, and discusses their advantages and disadvantages and the problems that need further investigation.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2009, 61 Supplement
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 27.

Tytuł:

A 434-year tree-ring chronology of spruce (Picea abies) with indications of Estonian precipitation

Autorzy:

Laanelaid, A.
Helama, S.
Eckstein, D.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41704.pdf

Data publikacji:

2015

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

dendrochronology
conifer
dendroclimatology
drought
Norway spruce
Picea abies
tree ring
Estonia

Opis:

In this study, an Estonian tree-ring network of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H.Karst.), originating from both living trees and dead wood of construction wood, was used for determining the growth variations over the past 350 years (AD 1657–2009). Regional curve standardization was used to remove the non-climatic growth variations from the individual tree-ring series prior to dendroclimatic analyses to focus on the low-frequency (long-term and -period) growth variations. Previously, the chronology has been shown to correlate markedly well with Estonian precipitation history. Here we further detail this dendroclimatic connection. Correlations between the Estonian precipitation and treerings improved systematically with both the number of meteorological stations included and with the documented technical advances in the network of instrumental weather observations. The observed June precipiation explains roughly 20 percent of the tree-ring variance over the period when the network of weather observations is densest (1946–2009). On decadal and longer scales, the June precipitation explains higher portion of tree-ring variance, roughly 50 percent, over the full instrumental era (1866–2009). Comparison with previously published and similarly standardized tree-ring chronology from south-eastern Finland, based on Scots pine tree-rings, showed that the two chronologies exhibit several coinciding periods of ameliorated and deteriorated growth.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2015, 73
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 28.

Tytuł:

Relationship between forest canopy and natural regeneration in the subalpine spruce-larch forest (north-east Italy)

Autorzy:

Marchi, A.
Paletto, A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38768.pdf

Data publikacji:

2010

Wydawca:

Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa

Tematy:

relationship
forest canopy
natural regeneration
subalpine forest
spruce-larch forest
canopy closure
canopy cover
Italy

Opis:

The authors describe the difference between canopy cover (proportion of the forest floor covered by the vertical projection of the tree crowns) and canopy closure (proportion of sky hemisphere obscured by vegetation when viewed from a single point) and the respective ground-based estimation techniques focused on two types of densiometer (GRS tube and spherical). The data collected in the field were used to analyse the relationship between forest canopy and natural regeneration in two subtypes of subalpine larch-spruce forests. The results indicate that in the first subtype characterized by a high fertility and a high canopy cover (around 62%), the level of natural regeneration is low (115 stems per hectare) and it is nearly exclusively composed by spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.]. For the second subtype characterized by a low fertility and a medium canopy cover (around 49%) the natural regeneration is rather dense (650 stems per hectare). At last the authors evidence a insignificant difference between the data of forest canopy collected by different ground-based estimation techniques (+0.7% using spherical densiometer compared to using GRS tube densiometer).

Źródło:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2010, 52, 1
0071-6677

Pojawia się w:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 29.

Tytuł:

The Spruce in the Culture of the Podhale Shepherds
Rola świerka w kulturze pasterskiej Podhalan

Autorzy:

Geneja-Pietrzak, Barbara

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1038777.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019

Wydawca:

Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie

Tematy:

kult
drzewo
świerk
magia
Wołosi
kultura pasterska
literatura
poezja
sacred tree
spruce
magic
Vlachs
pastoral culture
literature
poetry

Opis:

In this article I tackle the issue of the worship of spruce trees in the culture of the shepherds in Podhale, a region in southern Poland. This is an issue related to the particular significance of the spruce. It has played a great role in the culture of the whole Podhale region, and es-pecially in the pastoral culture of this area. The spruce was elevated to the rank of a symbol of good luck, prosperity and well‑being. All ac-tivities carried out in the work of shepherds were connected with the ceremonial treatment of spruce trees. It should be noted that these ac-tivities were religiously and magically motivated, as spruce twigs were blessed in the church beforehand. However, this does not change the fact that the rituals were magical. An example would be the custom according to which shepherds would pin spruce or fir twigs to their hats, believing that this would keep them and their sheep were safe. Nowadays, shepherding culture enjoys great interest among research-ers, as well as among Polish and even foreign communities, who apply for participation in shepherding courses organized today. The magic associated with pastoral culture was also reflected in Polish litera-ture and dialect poetry. Readers can refer to the works of such poets and writers as: Seweryn Goszczyński, Kazimierz Przerwa‑Tetmajer, Władysław Orkan, and Stanisław Witkiewicz or dialect poets Wanda Szado‑Kudasi kowa and Roman Dzioboń.
W zaproponowanym przeze mnie artykule zajmuję się zagadnieniem kultu świerka w kulturze pasterzy na Podhalu, regionie w Polsce Połu-dniowej. Jest to temat związany ze szczególnym znaczeniem drzewa, jakim jest świerk. Odegrał on na całym Podhalu, a zwłaszcza w kultu-rze pasterskiej tego obszaru ogromną rolę. Został wyniesiony do rangi symbolu szczęścia, pomyślności i dobrobytu. Wszelkie czynności wy-konywane w pracy pasterzy związane były z uroczystym traktowaniem świerka. Należy zaznaczyć, iż czynności te miały religijno‑magiczne motywacje, bowiem gałązki świerka poświęcone były wcześniej w koś-ciele. Nie zmienia to jednak faktu, iż późniejsze rytuały miały charakter magiczny. Przykładem będzie choćby zwyczaj, zgodnie z którym paste-rze przypinali gałązki świerka bądź jodły do kapelusza, wierząc, że im samym oraz owcom nic nie zagraża. Współcześnie kultura pasterska cieszy się ogromnym zainteresowaniem wśród badaczy naukowych za-równo z Polski, jak i z zagranicy, którzy zgłaszają swoje uczestnictwo w organizowanych dzisiaj kursach bacowskich. Magia związana z kul-turą pasterską znalazła swoje odbicie również w literaturze polskiej oraz poezji gwarowej. Czytelnicy mogą sięgnąć po dzieła takich auto-rów jak Seweryn Goszczyński, Kazimierz Przerwa ‑Tetmajer, Włady-sław Orkan, Stanisław Witkiewicz oraz po dzieła twórców poezji gwa-rowej: Wandy Szado‑Kudasikowej, Romana Dziobonia.

Źródło:

Perspektywy Kultury; 2019, 27, 4; 201-218
2081-1446
2719-8014

Pojawia się w:

Perspektywy Kultury

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 30.

Tytuł:

Knottiness of spruce stems from the Dolomites as the basis for distinguishing quality zones in roundwood

Autorzy:

Barszcz, A.
Sandak, A.
Sandak, J.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38323.pdf

Data publikacji:

2010

Wydawca:

Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa

Tematy:

knottiness
Norway spruce
Picea abies
stem
Dolomites
quality zone
roundwood
knot category
knot zonation

Źródło:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2010, 52, 2
0071-6677

Pojawia się w:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 31.

Tytuł:

Diversity of spruce ectomycorrhizal morphotypes in four mature forest stands in Poland

Autorzy:

Karlinski, L
Kieliszewska-Rokicka, B.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41194.pdf

Data publikacji:

2004

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

Polska
air pollution
mature forest stand
forest stand
ectomycorrhizal diversity
Picea abies
Norway spruce
forest type
environment pollution
soil

Opis:

Ectomycorrhizal communities structure of Norway spruce (Picea abies L. (Karst.) was studied in four mature forest stands: Brenna, Salmopol, Zwierzyniec and Mirachowo. Morphological classification was used to distinguish the major mycorrhizal types associated with spruce in different forest types. Three of the foreststands were located within the natural geographical range of Norway spruce (Brenna, Salmopol, Zwierzyniec) and one (Mirachowo) was located in so-called “spruce-less zone”. The sites differed in terms of environmental pollution. The mountain sites (Brenna, Salmopol) were characterized by relatively high levels of air pollution. The upland forest stand (Zwierzyniec), located in the southeastern part of Poland, was affected by a moderate pollution. The lowland stand in northern Poland (Mirachowo) was free from direct impact of anthropogenic pollution. The level of mycorrhizal colonization was 100% at all the study sites. Thirty-seven mycorrhizal morphotypes were distinguished in total. The number of ectomycorrhizal morphotypes varied between sites from 12 in Salmopol to 28 in Zwierzyniec. From one to three dominant morphotypes were found at the study site. Site-specific morhotypes were also observed. The frequency of mycorrhizal morphotypes differed between the forest stands.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2004, 51; 25-35
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 32.

Tytuł:

Effect of the age of spruce stands on the balance of elements in the Potok Dupniański catchment

Autorzy:

Malek, S

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41231.pdf

Data publikacji:

2004

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

tree stand
spruce
age
element balance
bulk precipitation
surface flow
soil water
stream water
Potok Dupnianski catchment

Opis:

The study analyses the transfer of F-, Cl-, NO3-, SO42-, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Mn2+ and Zn2+ from bulkprecipitation to throughfall, soil surface flow, vertical flow and intercover flow of water (gravity lysimeters at 20 cm soil depth) in spruce stands of different age classes (1st, 2nd, 5th, 6th), and the amount of these ions flowing out from the Potok Dupniański catchment in the Silesian Beskid Mts. The results cover the year 2000. The concentration and amount of SO4 2- in throughfall systematically increased and the pH value decreased with the age of the stands and with successive elements of the ecosystem. The NH4+ ion was probably absorbed in the canopy, which caused a washout of K+, Mn2+, F- and SO42- in the vegetation season in older stands. In the winter season, Fe2+, Mn2+, Na+ and K+ were washed out from the youngest stands (1st age class), whereas F-, NO3 -, SO42--, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+ and Fe2+ – from older canopies. Decomposition of the organic matter caused a rise in water acidity and an increase in the concentrations of all the analysed ions; their leaching, however, was low (under 1%). Water from intercover flow contributed to an increase in the amount of water and the concentration and amount of ions and to a further decrease in water reaction at a soil depth of 20 cm. All the anions and cations flowed away with water penetrating vertically and horizontally. Considerable amounts of ions, especially SO42-, Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+, were carried beyond the reach of the main mass of the root system and then out of the catchment, which may adversely affect the development and health of spruce stands.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2004, 51 Supplement
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 33.

Tytuł:

Effectiveness of the pneumatic separation of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst seeds

Autorzy:

Tylek, P
Walczyk, J.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41337.pdf

Data publikacji:

2004

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

Norway spruce
Picea abies
seed
pneumatic separation
separation effectiveness
critical velocity
seed sorting
seed mass
seed fraction
seed density

Opis:

The paper presents the theoretical basis for the pneumatic separation of Norway spruce seeds along with the results of investigations into the effectiveness of separation conducted in a pneumatic separator with a vertical air column. Such a separator was designed and produced at the Department of Forest Works Mechanization of the Agricultural University of Kraków. The device makes it possible to separate a mixture into three fractions based on the differences in critical velocities. The variation in density among different seed fractions is about two times lower than the variation in seed mass. This result supports the suggestion that omitting the size calibration of seeds before their pneumatic separation could lead to the dominance of seed density as a distinguishing feature.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2004, 51 Supplement
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 34.

Tytuł:

Biometric characterisation of selected seed stands of Picea abies (L.) Karst. of Istebna

Autorzy:

Orzel, S
Forgiel, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41646.pdf

Data publikacji:

2004

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

Norway spruce
Picea abies
seed stand
site condition
growing
tree
biometric characteristics
statistics
spruce tree
crown length
mountain vegetation

Opis:

The paper assesses the growth of nine seed stands of Picea abies (L.) Karst. of Istebna. The stands were selected on the basis of the dynamic height growth and good adaptation of their progeny under different site conditions. The d.b.h. increment of trees during the entire lifespan of stands is analysed in detail, especially its magnitude and dynamics during the last twenty years, i.e. from 1982 to 2001.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2004, 51 Supplement
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 35.

Tytuł:

Changes in starch distribution within an embryonic shoot of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) before resumption of mitotic activity

Autorzy:

Guzicka, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41758.pdf

Data publikacji:

2001

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

Norway spruce
temperature
embryonic shoot
Feulgen reaction
change
Picea abies
starch distribution
mitotic activity

Opis:

The above results supplemented earlier research on the structure and development of Norway spruce embryonic shoots and focuses on changes in starch distribution in winter and early spring. Starch accumulation and mobilization is characteristic of cells that play an important role in morphogenesis. The observed starch distribution within an embryonic shoot suggests that starch indicates the places of future mitotic and morphogenetic activities of the developing shoot. Changes of the rate of starch accumulation in a bud are affected by temperature. This study showed that especially important are the course of temperature fluctuations.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2001, 46
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 36.

Tytuł:

The effect of stand origin on the wood structure of Norway spruce

Autorzy:

Michalec, Krzysztof
Wąsik, Radosław
Barszcz, Anna
Sowa, Janusz M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2010886.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020

Wydawca:

Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Drewna

Tematy:

annual ring width
latewood share
north-eastern Norway spruce range
south-western range

Opis:

A study was carried out to compare the annual ring width, latewood share and density of spruce wood from the north eastern a nd south w estern ranges of Norway spruce. Twelve trial plots were located in the north eastern range, while within the south w estern range eight trial plots were established in the Sudeten Mountains and twelve trial plots in the Carpathian Mountains. On ev ery trial plot fifteen spruce trees were chosen, from which increment cores were sampled using a Pressler borer. Next, the increment cores had their surfaces smoothed and measurements were made of the width of annual rings, latewood zones and the share of latewood. Then the cores were divided into 2 cm sections, for which the relative wood density was determined. The analyses indicate that annual rings were wider in trees growing within the north eastern range than in those from the south western range an d the Kruskal Wallis test showed the differences to be statistically significant. T he latewood share followed an opposite pattern: t he wood from the Mazury region had a higher proportion of latewood than the wood from the mountainous areas and the statist ical test again indicated that the differences were significant. The analys i s of wood density showed slight differences between the density of wood from the north eastern and south western ranges, but in this case the Kruskal Wallis test showed the differe nces to be statistically insignificant.

Źródło:

Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty; 2020, 63, 206; 137-146
1644-3985

Pojawia się w:

Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 37.

Tytuł:

Tempo dorastania świerka do przekroju pierśnicowego w drzewostanach świerkowo-sosnowych północno-wschodniej Polski
The rate of spruce attaining d.b.h. cross-section in spruce-pine stands of the north-eastern Poland

Autorzy:

Zybura, H.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/814720.pdf

Data publikacji:

1980

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Źródło:

Sylwan; 1980, 124, 11
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 38.

Tytuł:

Radial variation of mechanical properties of spruce wood (Picea abies L.) in tension along the grain

Autorzy:

Roszyk, E.
Molinski, W.
Fabisiak, E.
Cunderlik, I.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30016.pdf

Data publikacji:

2010

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

mechanical property
spruce wood
wood
Picea abies
tension
grain
elasticity
specific strength
strength

Źródło:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series B - Drzewnictwo; 2010, 41
0071-6685

Pojawia się w:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series B - Drzewnictwo

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 39.

Tytuł:

The dynamics and structure of dead wood in natural spruce-beech forest stand - a 40 year case study in the Krkonose National Park

Autorzy:

Vacek, S.
Vacek, Z.
Bilek, L.
Hejcmanova, P.
Sticha, V.
Remes, J.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41560.pdf

Data publikacji:

2015

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

forest
natural forest
mixed stand
dynamics
structure
dead wood
spruce-beech forest
European beech
Fagus sylvatica
Norway spruce
Picea abies
Czech Republic
Karkonosze National Park

Opis:

The study deals with long-term dynamics of snags and fallen dead wood from 1970 to 2010 in an unmanaged forest ecosystem dominated by European beech in the Bažinky area, Krkonoše National Park (Czech Republic). The volume of dead wood was estimated from 1970 separately for fallen dead wood (logs) and standing dead wood (snags and stumps). Total dead wood volume on permanent research plot (PRP) 6 increased from 41.9 to 241.6 m3 ha–1 and on PRP 7 from 27.7 to 170.0 m3 ha–1. During 40 year case study the mean total volume of fallen dead wood was 193.3 m3 ha–1 (± 29.8 S.E.) and 96.2 m3 ha–1 (± 19.4 S.E.) and the mean total volume of standing dead wood was 17.4 m3 ha–1 (± 3.4 S.E.) and 12.6 m3 ha–1(± 1.4 S.E.) on PRP 6 and PRP 7, respectively. Comparing tree species, the mean volume of fallen dead wood was significantly higher for Norway spruce than for beech in the decomposition class 1 (F(1, 14) = 5.7, P = 0.03) and significantly higher for beech in the decomposition classes 4 (F(1, 14) = 20.4, P < 0.001) and 5 (F(1, 14) = 25.5, P < 0.001). Dead wood was distributed from randomly to aggregated spatial pattern. Despite the rapid decay of beech wood, the amounts of deadwood are likely to increase further during the next decades with continuing disintegration of the forest stand.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2015, 73
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 40.

Tytuł:

Accelerated and natural ageing processes change the properties of plasma membrane in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seeds during storage

Autorzy:

Nowakowska, J
Rakowski, K.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41613.pdf

Data publikacji:

2002

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

plasma membrane
Norway spruce
natural aging process
Picea abies
vitality
vigor
storage
seed

Opis:

The present study examines the mechanism of natural and accelerated ageing processes in Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) seeds stored at low temperature for one (control) and eight years. The analyses of vitality, electrolyte leakage, protein composition and activity of the proton-pump ATPase (P-ATPase, EC.3.6.1.35) in plasma membrane of Norway spruce seeds have been investigated. Seeds collected in 1999 from northeastern Poland have been treated with accelerated ageing method and compared to the seeds of the same provenance, collected in 1992 (control). The vigor and the vitality of the Norway spruce seeds depend on the age of seeds. After 6 days of experiment both samples of seeds (artificially aged seeds and control) expressed the same percentage of germination and similar electrolyte leakage. Analysis of protein composition in the extracts showed an increased amount of some low molecular-weight proteins in artificially and naturally aged seeds compared to the control. Our results indicate similar level of P-ATPase activity in natural, artificially aged and control seeds. This suggests that natural ageing process can involve changes in plasma membrane protein composition but does not affect the P-ATPase activity.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2002, 47 Supplement
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 41.

Tytuł:

Geobotaniczna charakterystyka świerczyn Żywiecczyzny
Geobotanical characteristics of spruce stand in Żywiec region

Autorzy:

Myczkowski, S.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/821762.pdf

Data publikacji:

1968

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Źródło:

Sylwan; 1968, 112, 06
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 42.

Tytuł:

Śniegołomy w świerczynach Beskidu Zachodniego
Snowbreaks in spruce stands of Western Beskid

Autorzy:

Kulig, L.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/817784.pdf

Data publikacji:

1964

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Źródło:

Sylwan; 1964, 108, 06
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 43.

Tytuł:

The growth and biodiversity of spruce stands in variable climate conditions - Radziejowa case study

Autorzy:

Grodzki, W.
Ambrozy, S.
Gil, W.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38388.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa

Tematy:

plant growth
biodiversity
spruce stand
climate condition
climate change
forest
radial increment
altitudinal variation
Radziejowa mountain

Opis:

In the experiment eight populations of Picea abies were chosen at 100 m intervals between 500 m and 1200 m altitude a.s.l.. In each population wood core samples were collected from 14–19 trees (126 cores total), and measured using a Corim Maxi device. At four of the eight sites (every 200 m in elevation between 500 m and 1100 m a.s.l.), the diversity of ground vegetation was evaluated, and temperature was recorded at every 100 m of altitude. The highest average radial increment of spruce occurred between the altitudes 800–1000 m a.s.l., which is probably the optimum for spruce. The larger increment indices observed at higher altitudes may signify a high growth potential of spruce. It may also suggest a recent upward shift of the optimum growth zone for this tree species. In 15 phytosociological records, the presence of 148 plant species forming plant associations: Dentario glandulosae- Fagetum typicum (sub-mountainous and mountainous form) and Abieti-Piceetum, and community Abies alba-Rubus hirtus, was documented. No relationship was found between ground vegetation species diversity (expressed by Shannon-Wiener index) and levels of stand diversity. The vegetation species diversity varied with the elevation above sea level: the highest plant diversity was found at 500 m a.s.l., and decreased with increasing altitude. The potential increase in air temperatures may result in changes to the altitudinal range of many plant species including trees, and consequently in an upward shift of the boundaries of plant zones; in this case the sub-mountainous and lower mountainous forest zone. In this region, the optimal zone for Norway spruce may be restricted to the highest elevations.

Źródło:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2013, 55, 3
0071-6677

Pojawia się w:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 44.

Tytuł:

Autovegetative reproduction in conservation and selective cultivation of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst of Istebna race

Autorzy:

Rylski, K

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41485.pdf

Data publikacji:

2004

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

autovegetative reproduction
plant reproduction
conservation
selective cultivation
Norway spruce
Picea abies
forest tree
rooting experiment
cutting
progeny

Opis:

The paper discusses the results of rooting experiments conducted with the cuttings obtained from 8-year-old spruce trees of Istebna race. The studies investigated the effects of endogenous factors, such as the place of extraction, length and origin of cuttings, and an exogenous factor, which is a rooting stimulus.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2004, 51 Supplement
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 45.

Tytuł:

Net radiation of mountain cultivated Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] stand: evaluation of short- and long-wave radiation ratio

Autorzy:

Markova, I.
Marek, M.V.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38453.pdf

Data publikacji:

2011

Wydawca:

Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa

Tematy:

net radiation
mountain
cultivated plant
tree
Norway spruce
Picea abies
tree stand
radiation dose

Opis:

The radiation exchange drives the plant ecosystems energy balance and provides the energy for photosynthesis, transpiration and plant growth. The investigation on net radiation and its component during vegetation season in relation to the clearness index and sun elevation in a cultivated 31-year-old mountain spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] stand is presented. Downward short-wave radiation – Sd (incident on the spruce stand was the main part of the short-wave radiation balance during the whole growing season (April–October) 2008. The Sd a mount i s seasonally variable factor determined by the duration of solar shine and the atmosphere transmissivity. Obtained value of net radiation (Rn) and downward short-wave radiation (Sd) ratio amounts to 0.61 on average during the growing season 2008 documenting the importance of the downward short-wave radiation in the net radiation of investigated spruce stand.

Źródło:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2011, 53, 2
0071-6677

Pojawia się w:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 46.

Tytuł:

Height-diameter models for mixed-species forests consisting of spruce, fir, and beech

Autorzy:

Petras, R.
Bosela, M.
Mecko, J.
Oszlanyi, J.
Popa, I.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38691.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014

Wydawca:

Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa

Tematy:

height-diameter model
mixed-species forest
tree
spruce
fir
beech
Abies alba
Picea abies
Fagus sylvatica

Opis:

Height-diameter models define the general relationship between the tree height and diameter at each growth stage of the forest stand. This paper presents generalized height-diameter models for mixed-species forest stands consisting of Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.), Silver fir (Abies alba L.), and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) from Slovakia. The models were derived using two growth functions from the exponential family: the two-parameter Michailoff and three-parameter Korf functions. Generalized height-diameter functions must normally be constrained to pass through the mean stand diameter and height, and then the final growth model has only one or two parameters to be estimated. These “free” parameters are then expressed over the quadratic mean diameter, height and stand age and the final mathematical form of the model is obtained. The study material included 50 long-term experimental plots located in the Western Carpathians. The plots were established 40–50 years ago and have been repeatedly measured at 5 to 10-year intervals. The dataset includes 7,950 height measurements of spruce, 21,661 of fir and 5,794 of beech. As many as 9 regression models were derived for each species. Although the “goodness of fit” of all models showed that they were generally well suited for the data, the best results were obtained for silver fir. The coefficient of determination ranged from 0.946 to 0.948, RMSE (m) was in the interval 1.94–1.97 and the bias (m) was –0.031 to 0.063. Although slightly imprecise parameter estimation was established for spruce, the estimations of the regression parameters obtained for beech were quite less precise. The coefficient of determination for beech was 0.854–0.860, RMSE (m) 2.67–2.72, and the bias (m) ranged from –0.144 to –0.056. The majority of models using Korf’s formula produced slightly better estimations than Michailoff’s, and it proved immaterial which estimated parameter was fixed and which parameters were free.

Źródło:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2014, 56, 2
0071-6677

Pojawia się w:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 47.

Tytuł:

The radial variation of the selected physical and mechanical properties of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst) wood from the provenance area in Głuchów

Autorzy:

Zawadzka, Karolina
Kozakiewicz, Paweł

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2201235.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019

Wydawca:

Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie

Tematy:

Norway spruce
wood density
wood properties
mechanical and physical parameters

Opis:

The radial variation of the selected physical and mechanical properties of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst) wood from the provenance area in Głuchów. Spruce wood (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst) is one of the main species used in building constructions. Due to the wide occurrence, it is important to test various origins and in this way select those with the best material properties. Wood was obtained from one habitat from a provenance experimental area in Głuchów from 40-year-old trees. For the study, trees from three different origins were selected: Nowe Ramuki, Bliżyn and Rycerka Praszywka II (origin from respectively northern, central and southern Poland - seedlings came from these places). Spruce wood from Bliżyn, which is the closest to the proven research area in Głuchów, reached the highest average values in all studied traits (density, ultrasonic wave velocity, dynamic and static modulus of elasticity and static bending strength) and was characterized by the highest variability of these features. Regardless of the origin, the above-mentioned features of the wood showed a clear upward trend going from the pith to the to the side of the trunk.
Zmienność promieniowa wybranych właściwości fizycznych i mechanicznych drewna świerkowego (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst) z powierzchni proweniencyjnej w Głuchowie. Ze względu na szerokie występowanie świerk pospolity wykazuje znaczną zmienność genetyczną, która może przekładać się również na cechy i właściwości tworzonego drewna, decydujące o przydatności surowca do różnych celów przemysłowych. Badanie przeprowadzono na drewnie pozyskanym z 40-o letniego, litego drzewostanu świerkowego z powierzchni doświadczalnej Leśnego Zakładu Doświadczalnego Rogów w Leśnictwie Głuchów. Poszczególne drzewa, wzrastające w tych samych warunkach, różniły się pochodzeniem. W niniejszej pracy analizowano trzy pochodzenia: po jednym z północnej, centralnej i południowej części Polski, a mianowicie: Nowe Ramuki, Bliżyn i Rycerka Praszywka II. Drewno świerkowe z pochodzenia Bliżyn, leżącego najbliżej proweniencyjnej powierzchni badawczej w Głuchowie, osiągnęło najwyższe średnie wartości we wszystkich badanych cechach (gęstości, prędkości fal ultradźwiękowych, dynamicznego i statycznego modułu sprężystości oraz wytrzymałości na zginanie statyczne)a także charakteryzowało się największą zmiennością tych cech. Niezależnie od pochodzenia wymienione wyżej cechy drewna wykazywały wyraźną tendencję wzrostową idąc od rdzenia do obwodu pnia.

Źródło:

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology; 2019, 105; 133--143
1898-5912

Pojawia się w:

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 48.

Tytuł:

Świerkowe lasy Polesia (na podstawie materiałów badań geobotanicznych)
Spruce forest of Polesie

Autorzy:

Jurkiewicz, I.
Parfienow, W.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/813683.pdf

Data publikacji:

1966

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Źródło:

Sylwan; 1966, 110, 03
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 49.

Tytuł:

Correlations between quality parameters of structural spruce wood
Korelacja parametrów jakościowych świerkowej tarczycy konstrukcyjnej

Autorzy:

Rohanova, A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/8711.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014

Wydawca:

Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie

Opis:

The quality of structural spruce wood is described with parameters: modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture and wood density. They are determined by destructive bending tests according to EN 408. There is a dominant relationship between strength and predictive parameter representing a basis for strength grading of structural wood. Non-destructive methods based on various principles are used to determine the quality of structural wood. Correlations between parameters from destructive bending tests and non-destructive methods were evaluated. All dependences are statistically significant. This knowledge is used in two-stage prediction method for determination of modulus of rupture.
Korelacja parametrów jakościowych świerkowej tarcicy konstrukcyjnej. Jakość świerkowego drewna konstrukcyjnego opisano za pomocą parametrów: wytrzymałości, modułu sprężystości i gęstości. Wszystkie parametry mierzono zgodnie z normą EN 408. Zauważono dominującą relację pomiędzy wytrzymałością oraz wskaźnikami opisującymi jakość tarcicy. Opisano korelację pomiędzy wynikami nadań nieniszczących i niszczących, wszystkie zależności okazały się istotne statystycznie. Powyższe zależności zostały użyte w dwustopniowej metodzie przewidywania wytrzymałości drewna na bazie wyników badań nieniszczących.

Źródło:

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology; 2014, 88
1898-5912

Pojawia się w:

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 50.

Tytuł:

Genetic value of the Silesian Beskid populations of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst. in the IUFRO 1972 provenance experiment

Autorzy:

Matras, J

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41156.pdf

Data publikacji:

2004

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

Silesian Beskids Mountains
Norway spruce
Picea abies
genetic value
plant population
plant breeding
provenance
plasticity

Opis:

The paper presents the results of research concerning the genetic variation in the growth traits and phenotypic plasticity of Norway spruce populations from the Silesian Beskid Mts and compares them with those of twenty Polish spruce provenances planted on thirty plots established in Europe and Canada in the IUFRO 1972 provenance experiment. The Silesian Beskid spruce is represented by six populations from the Wisła and Ujsoły Forest Districts. The variation in the growth traits of all populations discussed (data from all plots) is 6.009 standard deviation units. At population level this variation is also comparatively high and ranges between 4.674 for the Kartuzy spruce and 2.1920 for the Rycerka Zwardoń spruce. The Silesian Beskid spruce populations are not homogeneous but they belong to the populations with a high or moderate growth rate. The Istebna Bukowiec spruce performed the best on most plots. Only on Finnish and Canadian plots the growth traits of this population were below the average.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2004, 51 Supplement
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 51.

Tytuł:

Laccase treatment of Norway spruce wood surface improves resistance and copper fixation of treated wood

Autorzy:

Vaukner Gabric, M.
Boncina, T.
Humar, M.
Pohleven, F.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52295.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Drewna

Tematy:

laccase
treatment
Norway spruce
Trametes versicolor
wood surface
wood decay
resistance
copper leaching

Źródło:

Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty; 2016, 59, 198
1644-3985

Pojawia się w:

Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 52.

Tytuł:

Spadek wytrzymałości mechanicznej drewna świerkowego na skutek zniszczeń spowodowanych przez owady
Strength decrease of spruce wood as a result of damage by insects

Autorzy:

Żelazny, H.
Bednarz, B.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/362699.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Instytut Fizyki Budowli Katarzyna i Piotr Klemm

Tematy:

drewno świerkowe
wytrzymałość
szkodniki techniczne
spruce wood
strength
xylophage insects

Opis:

W pracy zbadano o ile może zmniejszyć się wytrzymałość mechaniczna drewna świerkowego z powodu zniszczenia tkanki drzewnej przez szkodniki techniczne. W ocenie zginania uzyskano około 1,6-krotne zmniejszenie wytrzymałości drewna uszkodzonego, przy rozciąganiu wzdłuż włókien wytrzymałość doraźna zmalała 1,4 razy, natomiast przy rozciąganiu w poprzek włókien niespodziewanie odnotowano 1,4-krotny wzrost tej wytrzymałości. Badanie próbek na ściskanie wzdłuż włókien pozwoliło stwierdzić, że wytrzymałość drewna zniszczonego przez owady zmalała około dwukrotnie, a przy ścinaniu w poprzek włókien obniżyła się nawet 2,8-krotnie. Uzyskane wyniki potwierdzają znaczne obniżenie się niezawodności konstrukcji drewnianych na skutek zniszczeń struktury materiałowej przez owady, co nie może nie mieć znaczenia w bezpieczeństwie użytkowania obiektów budowlanych.
The purpose of the work was to examine how much it can decrease strength spruce wood damaged by insects. In bending test was obtained about 1,6 times strength reduction of damaged wood. When stretching along the fibers ad-hoc endurance decreased 1,4 times, while at stretching across the fibers unexpectedly detected 1,4 times strength increase. In compression test was obtained about double reduction of ad-hoc strength. On shear across the fibers detected 2,8 times decrease of endurance. Results confirm significant reduction of reliability of wooden constructions as a result of damage by insects, what is important for structural safety.

Źródło:

Fizyka Budowli w Teorii i Praktyce; 2017, T. 9, nr 1, 1; 45-50
1734-4891

Pojawia się w:

Fizyka Budowli w Teorii i Praktyce

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 53.

Tytuł:

Genetic structure of Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] provenances tested in IPTNS-IUFRO 1964/68 experiment in Krynica

Autorzy:

Sabor, J.
Kempf, M.
Masternak, K.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38295.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa

Tematy:

genetic structure
Norway spruce
Picea abies
isoenzyme
polymorphism
seed source
genetic distance
experiment
Krynica-Zdroj town

Opis:

The results of previous studies have shown high breeding values of Beskidian spruce. The aim of the study was to assess the genetic structure of seventeen Norway spruce provenances from the Beskidy Mts. tested in IPTNSIUFRO 1964/68 experiment in Krynica, which survived after massive wind damage on the plots. Polymorphism of five isozyme systems encoded in five loci was determined. The highest value of genetic diversity parameters: mean number of alleles per locus and observed heterozygosity was noted for progeny of spruce from the Eastern Beskidy Mts. (Na = 1.47, Ho = 0.15), and the lowest – for the provenance from the Western Beskidy Mts., Babia Góra massif and the Beskid Sądecki Mts. (Na = 1.27, Ho = 0.12). Mean genetic distance between analyzed spruce provenances was equal to 0.027.

Źródło:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2013, 55, 1
0071-6677

Pojawia się w:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 54.

Tytuł:

Czy żywicowanie świerka jest opłacalne?
Is tapping of spruce for resin exudation profitable?

Autorzy:

Zelicho, J.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/810906.pdf

Data publikacji:

1962

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Źródło:

Sylwan; 1962, 106, 03
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 55.

Tytuł:

Phenology of development and population characteristics of the small spruce bark beetle Ips amitinus (Eichh.) in the Karkonoski National Park

Autorzy:

Mazur, A.
Kuzminski, R.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38667.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa

Tematy:

development phenology
population characteristics
spruce bark beetle
Ips amitinus
Curculionidae
Scolytinae
Karkonosze National Park

Opis:

In the years 2005– 2006, in the Karkonoski National Park there were conducted observations on infestation of spruce trees by bark beetles (Col., Curculionidae, Scolytinae). Data on bark beetle species composition and frequency of occurrence of individual species were collected. The data on development phenology of the small spruce bark beetle Ips amitinus in the upper subalpine spruce forest sites (1000– 1250 m a.s.l.) indicated higher frequency of occurrence of this species (26.3%) when compared to the European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus. The study included analyses of population size, density, fecundity and mortality of I. amitinus. The rate of development in I. amitinus in the Karkonosze Mts. is similar to that observed in the Alps. The number of laid eggs observed was low and the reproduction success was very high at minimal mortality. Establishment of feeding galleries and egg laying lasted several weeks and 1/3 of feeding galleries were found in the second series of trap trees.

Źródło:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2013, 55, 2
0071-6677

Pojawia się w:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 56.

Tytuł:

The impact of crosshead speed on the strength of spruce wood (Picea abies L.)

Autorzy:

Dobrowolska, Ewa
Lichaczewska, Barbara
Pinchevska, Olena

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2200230.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020

Wydawca:

Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie

Tematy:

compression along the grain
tensile strength along the grain
bending perpendicularly to the grain
spruce wood
crosshead speed

Opis:

The effect of crosshead speed on the strength of spruce wood (Picea abies L.). This work examines the compression and tensile strength along the grain and bending perpendicularly to the grain of spruce wood was investigated at various crosshead speeds. The dependence of the immediate strength on the crosshead speed takes the form of an exponential function for compression and tension along the grain and bending perpendicular to the grain. The study showed that as the crosshead speed increases, the ultimate strength value increases regardless of the type of stress occurring. The bending strength is between the compression and tensile strength values. The strength for compression along the grain for the spruce wood tested is 50% of strength tension along grain length and 57% of the bending strength. The bending strength corresponds to 88% of the tensile strength.
Wpływ prędkości obciążania na wytrzymałości drewna świerkowego (Picea abies L.). W pracy zbadano przy różnych prędkościach obciążania wytrzymałość doraźną na ściskanie i rozciąganie wzdłuż włókien oraz zginanie prostopadle do płaszczyzn drewna świerkowego. Zależność wytrzymałości doraźnej od prędkości obciążania przybiera postać funkcji wykładniczej dla ściskania oraz rozciągania wzdłuż włókien a także zginania prostopadłego do włókien. Badanie wykazało, że wraz ze wzrostem prędkości obciążania rośnie wartość wytrzymałości doraźnej, niezależnie od rodzaju występujących naprężeń. Wytrzymałość na zginanie zawiera się w przedziale pomiędzy wartościami wytrzymałości na ściskanie i rozciąganie. Wytrzymałość przy ściskaniu dla badanego drewna świerkowego stanowią 50% wytrzymałości występującej przy rozciąganiu i 57% przy zginaniu. Wytrzymałość przy zginaniu odpowiada 88% wytrzymałości przy rozciąganiu.

Źródło:

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology; 2020, 109; 126--136
1898-5912

Pojawia się w:

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 57.

Tytuł:

Genetic reactivity of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst. to soil fertility

Autorzy:

Fober, H

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41140.pdf

Data publikacji:

2004

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

climate condition
mineral nutrition
plant growth
plant productivity
environment condition
Norway spruce
Picea abies
genetic reactivity
soil fertility
half-sib family
genotype
nutrition level
provenance

Opis:

Seedlings of various provenances and progenies were greenhouse grown in sand cultures with different levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium. The first experiment tested 20 provenances and the next studied 45–50 half-sib families of 9–10 provenances to establish the interaction between Picea abies genotypes and nutrition levels. Spruces of various origins differed in their nutrient requirements. In particular, seedlings from Wisła and Istebna grew better at smaller phosphorus levels. The genotype × environment interactions were significant for numerous traits when seedlings were grown at different levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium, and for a few traits for potassium. The proportion of variance explained by interaction was small. Generally, the interactions were significant for a greater number of traits at progeny level than at provenance level. The results suggest that it is possible to select genotypes which are suitable for specific site conditions and genotypes which are stable over a wide range of nutrition levels.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2004, 51 Supplement
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 58.

Tytuł:

Acclimatization of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) leaves first year after planting into different light conditions of young spruce stand

Autorzy:

Spulak, O.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38467.pdf

Data publikacji:

2011

Wydawca:

Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa

Tematy:

acclimatization
European beech
Fagus sylvatica
leaf
first year
planting
light condition
young tree
spruce stand
chlorophyll a fluorescence
chemical analysis

Opis:

The study presents the results of investigation on reaction of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) leaves observed next year after planting seedlings in different positions in a young spruce stand located in upper mountain conditions. The methods of chemical analyses and assessments of chlorophyll fluorescence were applied with the aim to evaluate a course of leaf adaptation. In the young spruce stand located in the Karkonoše Mts, bare root beech seedlings after cultivation in full light were planted into three main positions to spruce trees (under the crown, within crown perimeter and in stand gaps). Next year after planting, the total biomass, leaf nutrient content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were evaluated. The beech trees planted under spruce (Picea sp.) crowns had significantly lower specific leaf mass and the mean leaf area was decreasing from shade to sun. Differences in nutrient contents were not significant between the treatments. We found significantly higher values of minimal (F0) and the maximum fluorescence (Fm) as well as of the maximum quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm) in the leaves of beeches growing under the spruce crown. Significant differences among treatments were found also in the courses of the values of maximum fluorescence yield Y(II) and nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ). Our study indicated that bud forming processes are only partially responsible for physiological properties of beech leaves evaluated next year after planting. Photosynthetic performance is also influenced by actual growing conditions. A great part of acclimation occurs already in the first year after planting (change of the light conditions). We speculate that this phase of gradual acclimation of the assimilation apparatus can be one of the reasons of physiological weakening of the plant after planting to different light environment.

Źródło:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2011, 53, 2
0071-6677

Pojawia się w:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 59.

Tytuł:

Effects of slow-release fertilizers of Silvamix and Silvagen line on growth of a young spruce and larch forest plantation three years after application

Autorzy:

Stofko, P.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38627.pdf

Data publikacji:

2010

Wydawca:

Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa

Tematy:

fertilizer
Silvamix fertilizer
Silvagen fertilizer
plant growth
young plant
spruce forest
larch forest
forest plantation
fertilizer application

Opis:

This work evaluates effects of tablet fertilizers Silvamix, Silvamix Mg and Silvagen on height and diameter growth of a young plantation of Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] and European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) after the third year of fertilizer application. The experiment was conducted on one experimental plot in the Low Tatra Mountains. The fertilizers were applied at a rate five tablets (50 g) per each tree, considering not treated trees as the control. The tablets were laid on the ground and thoroughly trodden into soil. ANOVA analysis did not reveal any significant effects of fertilizers on height and diameter growth of Norway spruce trees. The use of Silvagen resulted in significant effects on height growth of larch trees.

Źródło:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2010, 52, 1
0071-6677

Pojawia się w:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 60.

Tytuł:

Water-management role of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst. and European beech Fagus sylvatica L. in mountain locations

Autorzy:

Kantor, P

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41099.pdf

Data publikacji:

2004

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

water budget
water management role
Norway spruce
Picea abies
European beech
Fagus sylvatica
mountain location
summary evaporation
snow cover
precipitation
stand type

Opis:

All basic components of the water budget of a mature spruce and beech stand in the Orlické Mts are quantified and the results are given in summary tables. Rest periods (November–April) and vegetation seasons (May–October) are evaluated separately. Special attention is paid to the measurement of snow cover and the processes of snow melting in both types of stands.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2004, 51 Supplement
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 61.

Tytuł:

Gene pool conservation programme of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst. in the Beskid Mts

Autorzy:

Jurasek, M

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41497.pdf

Data publikacji:

2004

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

Czech Republic
Czech State Forests
Norway spruce
Picea abies
conservation
reproduction
seed orchard
clone
artificial regeneration
seed stand
gene pool conservation
conservation programme
seed bank

Opis:

The paper describes the measures adopted by the Czech State Forests for the conservation and reproduction of the Norway spruce gene pool in the Moravian-Silesian Beskid Mts. In addition to the assurance of natural regeneration in genetically valuable stands and the use of high-quality autochthonous stands as seed sources for artificial regeneration, the measures include selection of plus-trees, establishment of seed orchards, seed stands and clone archives, and identification of gene pools. Seeds of the most valuable regional populations are deposited in a seed bank.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2004, 51 Supplement
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 62.

Tytuł:

Somatic embryogenesis of selected spruce species [Picea abies, P. omorika, P. pungens 'Glauca' and P. breweriana]

Autorzy:

Hazubska-Przybyl, T
Bojarczuk, K.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/56682.pdf

Data publikacji:

2008

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

somatic embryogenesis
spruce species
Picea abies
Picea omorika
Picea pungens
Picea breweriana
plant tissue
growth regulator
somatic embryo
nursery production

Opis:

Somatic embryogenesis was studied in four spruce species (Picea abies, P. omorika, P. pungens 'Glauca' and P. brewenana) to determine if this method can be used for in vitro propagation of coniferous trees. The highest frequency of initiation of embryogenic tissue was obtained when mature zygotic embryos were used as explants. It ranged then from 10.8% (P. brewenana) to 23.75% (P. omorika and P. pungens 'Glauca'). The frequency of embryogenic tissue initiation was strongly affected by medium composition, i.e. addition of appropriate auxins (2,4-D, NAA, Picloram) and sucrose concentration (10-20 g-1"1). A lower frequency was obtained in Picea omorika (10%) when megagametophytes (endosperms with immature zygotic embryos) were used as explants. No emryogenic tissue was produced from hypocotyls, cotyledons and needles. A satisfactory frequency was achieved with the use of somatic embryos of Picea abies (30%). The proliferation of embryogenic cell lines of spruces was affected by medium type. The experiments resulted in production of somatic plantlets of P. abies and P. omorika. This enables the application of this method of spruce micropropagation for genetic and breeding research or for nursery production.

Źródło:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2008, 77, 3; 189-199
0001-6977
2083-9480

Pojawia się w:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 63.

Tytuł:

Exogenous seed treatment with proline and its consequences to Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst) seedling establishment

Autorzy:

Kijowska-Oberc, J.
Wawrzyniak, M.K.
Staszak, A.M.
Ratajczak, E.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2130182.pdf

Data publikacji:

2022

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

proline
seed treatment
Norway spruce
seedlings development
tree seeds
oxidative stress

Opis:

Accumulation of proline is a defense mechanism against external stress conditions, preventing damage to the structure and function of cells and improving plant development processes, such as germination. The purpose of this study was to investigate proline treatment as a means of improving the germination and development of Norway spruce seedlings. The effect of exogenous proline has been studied in three stages of initial plant development. The collected seeds were soaked in water or 8 mM proline solution and placed on the germinators. The germination capacity and the mean germination time were determined. Seedlings with radicles >10 mm were transferred to the sand-peat substrate at a constant temperature of 20 °C. Seedlings at 3 subsequent developmental stages (S1 – germinated seeds with radicles > 3 mm; S2 – seedlings with radicles >10 mm; S3 – established seedlings grown for 90 days) were examined for the oxygen consumption rate, total antioxidant capacity, hydrogen peroxide level, malondialdehyde level and intracellular proline content. Proline treatment was conducive to lowering the levels of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde at stage S1. At the subsequent stages of development, the levels of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde increased, and at the S3 stage, there was also a marked increase in total antioxidant capacity. At stage S3, the seedlings of the proline treatment were characterized by a lower total mass, and the response to exogenous proline was stronger in the root tissues than in the leaves. The oxygen consumption rate was higher for the proline treatment at all stages of development. Seedlings at the analyzed stages of establishment differed in response to proline treatment. Exogenous proline had some beneficial effects during the first phase of germination by reducing the level of hydrogen peroxide and improving the condition of lipid membranes. In the subsequent stages of seedling development, in response to the same concentration of proline solution, undesirable effects, such as an increase in hydrogen peroxide levels and damage to cytoplasmic membranes, were observed. Optimal concentrations of exogenous proline should be determined prior to commercial use of proline treatment to improve plant stress tolerance.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2022, 87; 149-162
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 64.

Tytuł:

Different growth patterns of Picea schrenkiana subsp. tianshanica (Rupr.) Bykov and Juglans regia L. coexisting under the same ecological conditions in the Sary-Chelek Biosphere Reserve in Kyrgyzstan

Autorzy:

Magnuszewski, M.
Bijak, S.
Orozumbekow, A.
Howe, B.
Musuraliev, K.
Zasada, M.
Bronisz, K.
Bronisz, A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/40986.pdf

Data publikacji:

2015

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

dendroecology
growth pattern
Picea schrenkiana ssp.tianshanica
Schrenk spruce
Asian spruce zob.Schrenk spruce
Juglans regia
coexistence
ecological condition
Sary-Chelek Biosphere Reserve
Kirgizstan

Opis:

The main aim of the study was to compare the radial growth of Persian walnut and Schrenk spruce trees growing under the same ecological conditions in the Sary-Chelek range of the Tien-Shan Mountains, as well as to analyse the response of these species to the selected climate factors in line with the altitude gradient. Four study plots were established at the altitude of 1350, 1400, 1450 and 1500 m a.s.l. Results indicated that (1) walnut and spruce in the Sary-Chelek Biosphere Reserve have different patterns of radial increment and reaction to climate factors, despite growing in the same habitat, (2) spruce radial growth responded to low precipitation and low temperature during the April to September period of the previous year; (3) walnut radial increment patterns varied significantly with changes in altitude, whereas spruce patterns did not; and (4) walnut radial increment patterns responded positively to high temperature during contemporary growing season and to precipitation during the prior growing season. In addition, it was noted that precipitation during the contemporary growing season could negatively influence growth.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2015, 73
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 65.

Tytuł:

Wpływ warunków siedliskowych na strukturę i zasobność drzewostanów świerkowo-sosnowych w Puszczy Augustowskiej
Impact of site conditions on the structure and volume of spruce-pine stands in the Augustowska Primeval Forest

Autorzy:

Andrzejczyk, T.
Drozdowski, S.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1016334.pdf

Data publikacji:

2007

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Tematy:

warunki siedliskowe
hodowla lasu
lesnictwo
struktura drzewostanu
drzewostany swierkowo-sosnowe
zasobnosc drzewostanu
Puszcza Augustowska
norway spruce
picea abies
spruce−pine stands
sub−boreal stands
age structure
multi−storeyed structure
site

Opis:

The role of spruce in shaping the structure and volume of pine stands in the Augustowska Primeval Forest (north−eastern Poland) increases with the increase of site fertility. On poor coniferous forest sites, spruce occurs mainly in an understorey and sporadically as an admixture species, whereas on medium−fertile and fertile sites it builds the second storey and occurs in the upper storey accounting for about 30−40% of stand volume. In mature pine stands of the Augustowska Primeval Forest, spruce comes from natural regeneration. Taking into consideration the course of the regeneration process, four types of spruce age structure are distinguished.

Źródło:

Sylwan; 2007, 151, 01; 30-40
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 66.

Tytuł:

Świerk istebniański w świetle międzynarodowych doświadczeń proweniencyjnych
Istebna spruce in the light of international provenance trial

Autorzy:

Giertych, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/811440.pdf

Data publikacji:

1984

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Źródło:

Sylwan; 1984, 128, 12
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 67.

Tytuł:

Wpływ prognozowanych warunków klimatycznych na stabilność drzewostanów świerkowych w Beskidzie Śląskim
The effect of predicted climatic conditions on the stability of spruce tree in the Beskid Śląski

Autorzy:

Durło, G. B.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/338238.pdf

Data publikacji:

2012

Wydawca:

Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy

Tematy:

Beskid Śląski
biomasa
klimat
przyrost
świerk
biomass productivity
climate change
forest growth
Norway spruce

Opis:

W pracy przedstawiono parametry, określające możliwości adaptacji drzewostanów świerkowych do bieżących i prognozowanych warunków klimatycznych na obszarze leśnego kompleksu promocyjnego - Lasy Beskidu Śląskiego. W tym celu wykorzystano dane historyczne z wielolecia 1951-2010 oraz ciąg danych meteorologicznych, wygenerowanych za pomocą modelu WGEN_K [KUCHAR 2005; RICHARDSON, WRIGHT 1984) o horyzoncie czasowym 100 lat. Obliczenia przeprowadzono na podstawie dwóch scenariuszy stężenia CO₂ - 130% i 200%, korzystając z modelu klimatycznego GISS_E (SMITH, PITTS 1997). Opisano związek przyrostu miąższości świerka i produkcji biomasy z warunkami klimatycznymi. Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników sporządzono diagramy produkcyjności siedlisk dla świerka, zgodnie z normą klimatyczną 1951-2000 oraz według zaproponowanych scenariuszy na 2100 r.
The paper presents parameters estimating possible adaptation of the spruce tree stands to present and predicted climatic conditions in the Beskid Śląski Mts. The data come from measurements made in the years 1951-2010 at 25 meteorological stations and posts situated in the Beskid Śląski region. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of climate variability on the stability of a spruce stand in lower subalpine forest zone of the Beskid Śląski. The work includes studies on the possibility of adaptation of spruce forest to present and future climate in the Western Beskids. The study used historical data and a series of meteorological data generated with the model WGEN_K (KUCHAR 2005) of a time range of 100 years. Calculation procedure based on two scenarios of CO₂ concentration increase of 130% and 200% by the year 2050. The relationship between productive potential and biomass production of spruce stands and climatic conditions was described. Doubling the CO₂ concentration in the atmosphere, and a rise of mean air temperature to 9°C, at reduced rainfall in the summer time clearly resulted in the deterioration of productive conditions in lower subalpine mountain zone of the Beskid Śląski.

Źródło:

Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie; 2012, 12, 2; 107-119
1642-8145

Pojawia się w:

Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 68.

Tytuł:

Failure and deformation of full-scale light frame poplar and spruce walls under vertical compression and shear load

Autorzy:

Pasztory, Z.
Rebek-Nagy, P.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52315.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Drewna

Tematy:

failure
deformation
light frame building
poplar
spruce
vertical compression
wall compression test
shear load
wall shear test
building material
mechanical property

Źródło:

Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty; 2017, 60, 200
1644-3985

Pojawia się w:

Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 69.

Tytuł:

Effect of freezing desiccation on cold hardiness, ROS, membrane lipid levels and antioxidant status in spruce seedlings

Autorzy:

Kaminska-Rozek, E
Pukacki, P.M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/58255.pdf

Data publikacji:

2005

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

desiccation stress
antioxidant status
freezing desiccation
spruce
desiccation
phospholipid
lipid level
lipid
membrane
cold hardiness
reactive oxygen species
seedling
Picea
winter desiccation

Opis:

The symptoms of oxidative stress and antioxidative response were investigated on Norway spruce seedlings subjected to freezing desiccation conditions. Three-year-old seedlings were exposed to freezing desiccation at -3oC and -10oC for 45 days in two acclimation stages: autumn (October) and winter (January). The stress enhanced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS): superoxide radical anion (O2.-), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Concentrations of low molecular antioxidants: glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid (AsA) and a-tocopherol declined at both low temperatures and acclimation stages. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased with ROS production, while guaiacol peroxidase (POX) activity decreased. The freeze-induced desiccation of needles was significantly correlated with the cold hardiness (LT50), the level of low-molecular antioxidants, and POX activity, but not with SOD activity. Under extreme freezing desiccation conditions, these reactions continued, leading to the degradation of membrane phospholipids and a strong decrease in cold hardiness. The results show that membranes are the primary site of injury induced by ROS, produced under the influence of low temperature combined with dehydration. The acclimation response of Norway spruce needles to the oxidative stress generated by long-term cold and/or freezing desiccation is discussed.

Źródło:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2005, 74, 3
0001-6977
2083-9480

Pojawia się w:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 70.

Tytuł:

Host specialization of IS-group isolates of Heterobasidion annosum to Scots pine, Norway spruce and common fir in field inoculation experiments

Autorzy:

Werner, A
Lakomy, P.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41469.pdf

Data publikacji:

2002

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

sapwood
Norway spruce
Scotch pine
host preference
Heterobasidion annosum
host tree
wounding method
vertical spread
intersterile group
common fir
host

Opis:

Two field inoculation experiments were conducted to study intraspecific variation in vertical spread of the P-, S- andF-IS-group isolates of Heterobasidion annosum in stems of Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies and Abies alba. Host-plants were inoculated with four isolates of each IS group after 10 mm long wounds made with a sterile knife (experiment 1) or 3 mm diameter radial holes made with a drill (experiment 2). On pine, the P-group isolates were more virulent than S andF isolates in terms of infection frequency, mortality rate andvertical spread in sapwood. The S isolates had higher incidence of infection and extensive growth on spruce than on pine. The F isolates were significantly less virulent on pine andspruce than on fir. Vertical spreadof all IS groups on fir was similar. In spite of between-strain-within-IS group variation in vertical spreadon each host, the study provided strong evidence for the occurrence of intraspecific differences in the host preference. In the interspecific analysis with three hosts, the isolates, IS groups andhost × strain andhost × IS group interactions accountedfor most of the explainedvariation, while host-plants accountedfor the smallest portion of the variance.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2002, 47
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 71.

Tytuł:

Strefy zagrożenia drzewostanów przez szkodniki wtórne świerka
Zones of spruce stands threatening by secondary pests

Autorzy:

Sierpinski, Z.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/822483.pdf

Data publikacji:

1980

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Źródło:

Sylwan; 1980, 124, 01
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 72.

Tytuł:

Kornik drukarz Ips typographus (L) - naturalny składnik ekosystemów leśnych Puszczy Białowieskiej, czy ich zagrożenie?
Spruce bark beetle Ips typographus (L) - a natural component of the ecosystems in the Bialowieza Forest or their threat?

Autorzy:

Nowak, A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/791399.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Wyższa Szkoła Zarządzania Środowiskiem w Tucholi

Tematy:

drzewostany swierkowe
szkodniki roslin
kornik drukarz
Ips typographus
Puszcza Bialowieska
rownowaga przyrodnicza
zagrozenia roslin
ekosystemy lesne
swierk pospolity
procesy naturalne
zarzadzenia
forest ecosystem
Norway spruce
plant pest
spruce bark beetle
ecological balance
gradation
natural process
directive
forest
threat
Bialowieza Forest

Źródło:

Zarządzanie Ochroną Przyrody w Lasach; 2016, 10
2081-1438
2391-4106

Pojawia się w:

Zarządzanie Ochroną Przyrody w Lasach

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 73.

Tytuł:

Spruce timber blending strength for different loading modes
Wytrzymałość na zginanie tarcicy świerkowej przy różnych sposobach obciążenia

Autorzy:

Rohanova, A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/8127.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie

Źródło:

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology; 2013, 84
1898-5912

Pojawia się w:

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 74.

Tytuł:

Kryteria określania uszkodzenia świerka
Criteria for assessment of the damage to Norway spruce

Autorzy:

Dmyterko, E.
Bruchwald, A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1016245.pdf

Data publikacji:

2007

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Tematy:

defoliacja
uszkodzenia drzew
stan wierzcholka drzewa
zywotnosc
Picea abies
lesnictwo
kryteria oceny
swierk pospolity
drzewa lesne
criteria for assessment of the damage to trees
defoliation
vitality
top condition
norway spruce

Opis:

The paper presents the criteria for assessment of the damage to Norway spruce determined on the basis of its crown development. Three features were included: condition of the assimilation apparatus (feature A), condition of the tree−top (feature B) and tree vitality (feature C). Feature A is based on the defoliation. Feature B assesses the length of the last height increments and their branching models. Feature C includes the loss of branches in the middle part of the crown, the presence of branches of 2nd and higher orders as well as condition of proventive sprouts (developed from dormant buds). Determined criteria may be applied in the methods of assessment of the damage to stands and larger forest objects e.g. management region, forest region, nature−forest regions.

Źródło:

Sylwan; 2007, 151, 06; 12-23
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 75.

Tytuł:

Drzewostanowa metoda określania uszkodzenia świerka
Method of assessment the damage to Norway spruce stands

Autorzy:

Dmyterko, E.
Bruchwald, A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1016295.pdf

Data publikacji:

2007

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Tematy:

defoliacja
uszkodzenia drzew
wskaznik uszkodzenia drzew
metoda drzewostanowa
Picea abies
lesnictwo
kryteria oceny
metody oceny
swierk pospolity
drzewa lesne
methods of assessment the damage to stands
norway spruce

Opis:

Paper presents two variants of the method of assessment the damage to the Norway spruce stands that were determined on the basis of the crown development. The first one is based on the tree's defoliation, the other – on the tree's damage index W that includes defoliation (feature A), condition of the tree−top (feature B) and tree's vitality (feature C). Mean defoliation or index W is used to determine one of the four classes of the stand damage. The accuracy of both variants was worked out and minimum number of sample trees required within assumed standard errors of assessed features. Alarming picture of Norway spruce stands in Polish Carpathians and Sudety Mountains appeared for the damaged stands prevail while there is no undamaged stands.

Źródło:

Sylwan; 2007, 151, 06; 24-33
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 76.

Tytuł:

Using FORDRY model to forecast transformation of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stands in Nadsyansky Regional Landscape Park (Ukrainian Carpathians)

Autorzy:

Kozak, Ihor
Parpan, Taras
Shparyk, Yuriy
Mylenka, Myroslava
Kozak-Balaniuk, Iryna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041033.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021

Wydawca:

Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa

Tematy:

spruce forest decline
tree biomass
tree number
species composition
prediction
simulation experiment
gap model

Opis:

The aim of this study was to simulate transformation of species composition, biomass and number of treesin spruce stands depending on a possible combination of cutting and planting scenarios as well as climate changes. The FORDRY computer model was used to predict the dynamics of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stands in Nadsyansky Regional Landscape Park in the Ukrainian Carpathians. Potential changes in species composition, biomass and number of trees were forecasted for the next 50 years. Four scenarios, first – warm-dry, second – cutting dead spruce trees, third – cutting all trees andfourth – planting, were compared to the control one. The analysis revealed a rapid decrease of stand biomass in the first decade as a result of spruce decline. The model predicts an increase in beech biomass before the 50th year of simulation in all scenarios. In the planting scenario, the biomass of beech increased up to 199.9 ± 6.9 t·ha-1 in the 50th year. Correlation analysis showed weak autocorrelations of spruce and negative cross-correlations of spruce with the total stand in control and other scenarios. The output of performed simulations is supported with field and literature data. Results of this study can be applied in the long-term planning of the management and conservation activities in this region. The application of FORDRY model was found useful for analysing the potential scenarios of spruce stand transformation in Nadsyansky Regional Landscape Park.

Źródło:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2021, 63, 3; 183-194
0071-6677

Pojawia się w:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 77.

Tytuł:

Content of macronutrients in needles and litterfall in Norway spruce stands of different age in the Potok Dupnianski catchment, the Silesian Beskid

Autorzy:

Malek, S.
Grabowski, L.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38321.pdf

Data publikacji:

2010

Wydawca:

Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa

Tematy:

macronutrient content
macroelement
needle
litter fall
Norway spruce
Picea abies
tree stand
plant age
Potok Dupnianski catchment
Silesian Beskids Mountains

Źródło:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2010, 52, 2
0071-6677

Pojawia się w:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 78.

Tytuł:

Effect of increased nitrogen depositions and drought stress on the development of young Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst. stands

Autorzy:

Palatova, E

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41235.pdf

Data publikacji:

2004

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

forest tree species
plant development
Norway spruce
Picea abies
young tree
drought stress
nitrogen deposition
tree stand
biomass
fine root
functionality
mycorrhiza

Opis:

The effects of drought stress, stress by increased nitrogen depositions and the combined effect of the two stress factors on the growth of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst. were studied in two stands. The drought stress was induced by reducing atmospheric precipitations by 60% and the increased nitrogen depositions were simulated by repeated applications of ammonium sulphate at a rate corresponding to 100 kg N ha–1 year–1. All stress factors under study affected the height increment of the above-ground part, the length and colour of needles, and the biomass, vertical distribution, functionality and mycorrhizal infection of fine roots. The root system responded to the simulated stresses right from the the very first year of their action, exhibiting a greater damage than the above-ground part of the plant. Drought acted as a stress factor stronger than the nitrogen depositions themselves. The strongest impact was recorded in the simultaneous influence of the stress factors.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2004, 51 Supplement
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 79.

Tytuł:

Ocena dokładności stałych krzywych wysokości dla drzewostanów świerkowych
Assessment of the accuracy of uniform height curves for spruce stands

Autorzy:

Socha, J.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023142.pdf

Data publikacji:

2004

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Tematy:

stale krzywe wysokosci
dendrometria
drzewostany swierkowe
Picea abies
lesnictwo
dokladnosc
swierk pospolity
drzewa lesne
tree height
height curve
uniform height curves
norway spruce

Opis:

The paper presents assessment results of the accuracy of uniform height curves developed for mountain spruce stands of Poland [Bruchwald, Wróblewski 1994]. The empirical material was collected in 171 spruce stands in Beskid Zachodni. Moreover, the relationship between the errors of uniform height curves and dendrometric characteristics of stands was also analysed. The research results demonstrated that the accuracy of uniform height curves is close to the accuracy obtained by applying the height curve developed for a given stand.

Źródło:

Sylwan; 2004, 148, 06; 3-9
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 80.

Tytuł:

Influence of modification of aged spruce wood by in situ polymerization with ethyl methacrylate and methyl acrylate and paraloid B72 on color and water absorption

Autorzy:

Siedlecka, Beata
Marchwicka, Monika

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2200111.pdf

Data publikacji:

2022

Wydawca:

Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie

Tematy:

spruce wood
in situ polymerization
ethyl methacrylate
methyl acrylate
paraloid B72
color
water absorption

Opis:

Influence of modification of aged spruce wood by in situ polymerization with ethyl methacrylate and methyl acrylate and paraloid B72 on color and water absorption. Wood is hydrophilic in nature, which creates problems such as dimensional instability and susceptibility to biological degradation. By using chemical modification, wood can be refined into new products with improved properties. Such a combination of wood and polymer is called a wood-polymer composite (WPC). The presented work compares the modification of aged wood by two methods. In situ polymerization with ethyl methacrylate and methyl acrylate with modification with Paraloid B72 solution. The determinants of the modifications carried out are percentage weight gain (WPG), color change and water absorption. Unmodified wood aged and unaged were the control samples. Also unaged and modified wood samples were prepared to compare results. The greatest change in color intensity and total color difference after the aging process was recorded for samples modified with Paraloid B72, and after UV light treatment - modified by the in situ polymerization. The in situ-modified samples had the lowest water absorption among aged samples, and Paraloid B72-modified samples had the lowest water absorption among unaged samples. The highest WPG was obtained from the aged samples modified by the in situ polymerization.
Wpływ modyfikacji starzonego drewna świerkowego metodą polimeryzacji in situ metakrylanem etylu i akrylanem metylu oraz paraloidem B72 na barwę oraz nasiąkliwość. Drewno ma charakter hydrofilowy, co stwarza problemy takie jak niestabilność wymiarowa i podatność na degradację biologiczną. Stosując modyfikację chemiczną, drewno może być uszlachetnione tworząc nowy produkt o ulepszonych właściwościach. Takie połączenie drewna i polimeru jest uważane za kompozyt drewno-polimer (WPC). W prezentowanej pracy porównano modyfikację starzonego drewna dwiema metodami: polimeryzację in situ metakrylanem etylu i akrylanem metylu z oraz modyfikację roztworem Paraloidu B72. Wyznacznikami przeprowadzonych modyfikacji są: procentowy przyrost masy (WPG), barwa i absorpcja wody. Próbki kontrolne stanowiło drewno niemodyfikowane i starzone. W celu porównania wyników przygotowano również próbki drewna niestarzonego i modyfikowanego. Największą zmianę intensywności barwy i całkowitej różnicy barw po procesie starzenia odnotowano dla próbek modyfikowanych Paraloidem B72, a po działaniu światła UV - modyfikowanych polimeryzacją in situ. Próbki modyfikowane polimeryzacją in situ charakteryzowały się najniższą chłonnością wody wśród próbek starzonych, a próbki modyfikowane Paraloidem B72 najniższą chłonnością wody wśród próbek niestarzonych. Najwyższą WPG uzyskano z próbek starzonych, modyfikowanych polimeryzacją in situ.

Źródło:

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology; 2022, 120; 45--56
1898-5912

Pojawia się w:

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 81.

Tytuł:

Spałowanie świerka i sosny przez grubą zwierzynę łowną
Ripping of spruce and pine trees by big game animals

Autorzy:

Szczerbinski, W.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/817159.pdf

Data publikacji:

1959

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Źródło:

Sylwan; 1959, 103, 08
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 82.

Tytuł:

Wpływ wilgotności powietrza na niektóre cechy siewek świerka
Influence of air moisture on some features of spruce seedlings

Autorzy:

Szczygiel, K.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/824171.pdf

Data publikacji:

1987

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Źródło:

Sylwan; 1987, 131, 04
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 83.

Tytuł:

Próby pozyskiwania suchej żywicy świerkowej
Opyty po dobyche sukhojj elovojj zhivicy
Tentatives to acquire dry spruce resin

Autorzy:

Wislawski, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/817259.pdf

Data publikacji:

1956

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Źródło:

Sylwan; 1956, 100, 01
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 84.

Tytuł:

Wpływ wskaźnika zadrzewienia drzewostanu na wybrane cechy makrostruktury i gęstość drewna świerkowego (Picea abies (L.) Karst.)
Effect of stand density index on selected features of macrostructure and density of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) wood

Autorzy:

Michalec, K.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/978906.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Tematy:

tree−ring width
latewood proportion
wood density
Norway spruce

Opis:

The aim of the study was to determine the influence of stand density index on the tree−ring width, latewood proportion and wood density for Norway spruce. Study sites were located as follows: 12 within the north−eastern species range in Poland, 7 in the south−western range, in the Sudety Mts., and 9 in the Carpathians (southern range). Clustering stands according to their stand density index, 10 data groups were established: stand density index values from 0.3 to 1.2. The study plots were 100×100 m squares. On each plot 15 trees were chosen and increment cores were sampled using the Pressler borer. The smoothed cores served for measuring the width of annual rings, latewood zones and the share of latewood as well as for determination of relative wood density. The performed analyses indicate that mean tree−ring width was the highest in trees from stands with density index from 0.3 to 0.8 (with the exception of 0.7), whereas the it was gradually decreasing in stands with index higher than 0.9. The statistically significant differences between the analyzed stands were observed (p<0.0001). The analysis of the influence of stand density index and the width of annual rings revealed significant, negative weak correlation (r=–0.242, p<0.001). In turn, the latewood proportion was the highest in trees from stands characterised by the highest stand density index and the lowest in trees from stands with the lowest one. The differences between analyzed groups of stands were statistically significant (p<0.0001), as well as the correlation which was significant, positive and weak (r=0.269, p<0.001). Wood density was the highest in trees from stands with the highest stand density index (1.1 – 363 kg/m3 i 1.2 – 365 kg/m3) as well as in those from stands characterised by 0.7 density index (369 kg/m3). Significant differences were observed (p<0.0001) only between stand density index 0.3−0.7 and 0.7−0.8. Significant correlation was not observed.

Źródło:

Sylwan; 2020, 164, 09; 719-725
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 85.

Tytuł:

Wpływ drzewostanu osłaniającego na dynamikę odnowień podokapowych świerka w drzewostanach z udziałem sosny i świerka w północno-wschodniej części Polski
Influence of the shelterwood on the dynamics of the regeneration of spruce under canopy in mixed stsnds with pine and spruce in North-East Poland

Autorzy:

Zybura, H.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/814977.pdf

Data publikacji:

1983

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Źródło:

Sylwan; 1983, 127, 09-10
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 86.

Tytuł:

Re-use of the 20th century aviation infrastructure
Adaptacje XX-wiecznej infrastruktury lotniskowej

Autorzy:

Szuta, Agnieszka Faustyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/369263.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020

Wydawca:

Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie

Tematy:

adaptation
adaptive re-use
airport
architecture
Kraków - Rakowice
Google Spruce
Goose Hangar
Johannisthal
Le Bourget
Longhua Aviation Harbor
adaptacje
architektura
lotniska
dziedzictwo techniki
Kraków – Rakowice
Google Spruce Goose Hangar

Opis:

This article explores issues related to the adaptation of former aviation infrastructure. For research purposes, several adaptations of former airports and airplane hangars are selected and presented. Those examples show the importance of this infrastructure in today's urbanized landscape, as well as in history, and thus the social and cultural values it brings. The benefits of the redevelopment of former airport sites are also presented.
W niniejszym artykule poruszone zostają kwestie związane z adaptacjami dawnej infrastruktury lotniskowej. W celach badawczych z grupy opuszczonych lotnisk wybrano i przeanalizowano kilka zaadaptowanych obiektów. Wyselekcjonowane przykłady pozwoliły na przedstawienie istotnej roli XX-wiecznej infrastruktury lotniskowej w dzisiejszym krajobrazie zurbanizowanym oraz jej wartości społeczne i kulturowe. Ukazano również zalety ponownego wykorzystania dawnych terenów lotniczych i znajdujących się tam obiektów.

Źródło:

Przestrzeń i Forma; 2020, 42; 99-116
1895-3247
2391-7725

Pojawia się w:

Przestrzeń i Forma

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 87.

Tytuł:

Zależność pierśnicowego wieku świerka od siedliska i oświetlenia
Relationship between d.b.h. age of spruce, site, and illumination

Autorzy:

Kawecka, A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/820380.pdf

Data publikacji:

1982

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Źródło:

Sylwan; 1982, 126, 01-03
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 88.

Tytuł:

Zastosowanie trygonometrycznego modelu zbieżystości do określania kształtu strzał świerka
The use of a trigonometric taper model for the determination of the shape of spruce stems

Autorzy:

Socha, J.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023459.pdf

Data publikacji:

2004

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Tematy:

modele ksztaltu
dendrometria
Picea abies
lesnictwo
trygonometryczny model zbiezystosci
ksztalt strzaly
swierk pospolity
drzewa lesne
stem shape
shape model
taper model
norway spruce

Opis:

On the basis of sectional measurements of diameters of trees from 5 sawtimber spruce stands in the Beskid Śląski and Beskid Żywiecki, a non−linear shape model for spruce stems has been developed using a trigonometric model [Bi 2000]. Subsequently, the accuracy of the proposed solution has been evaluated and compared with the accuracy of a linear model [Socha 2000]. The discussed non−linear model for describing the shape of stems is quite satisfactory, however, with regard to the accuracy of the determination of the stem morphological curve and volume this solution is inferior to the linear model.

Źródło:

Sylwan; 2004, 148, 04; 3-10
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 89.

Tytuł:

Differential effects of spring reacclimation and deacclimation on cell membranes of Norway spruce seedlings

Autorzy:

Pukacki, P.M.
Kaminska-Rozek, E.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/56935.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Źródło:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2013, 82, 1
0001-6977
2083-9480

Pojawia się w:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 90.

Tytuł:

Cointegration analysis in the Central European spruce timber market

Autorzy:

Kożuch, Anna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2067428.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021

Wydawca:

Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Drewna

Tematy:

wood economics
timber market
timber price
market co-integration

Opis:

The oversupply of spruce timber in Central Europe reduces softwood prices, compromising the profitability of forest holdings. To date, relationships between Central European timber markets have been relatively little studied; the same is true of the factors affecting roundwood price variability and fluctuations in that region. An understanding of changes in those markets and linkages between them is important not only for forest owners and managers, but also for companies in the wood sector. The present work describes market analysis in terms of long-term correlations between the Austrian, Czech, Polish, and Slovak markets (cointegration analysis). Cause-and-effect relationships between the analyzed markets were verified using the Granger causality test. The Engle-Granger and Johansen cointegration tests revealed a long-term equilibrium between the analyzed spruce sawlog markets, except for Slovakia. Bidirectional causality was found between the Austrian, Czech, and Polish markets. However, there was no evidence for the integration of pulpwood markets, which indicates their independence.

Źródło:

Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty; 2021, 64, 208; 119--133
1644-3985

Pojawia się w:

Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 91.

Tytuł:

Influence of knots to mechanical stress grading of spruce wood timber
Wpływ sęków na sortowanie wytrzymałościowe drewna świerkowego

Autorzy:

Rohanova, A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/9189.pdf

Data publikacji:

2015

Wydawca:

Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie

Źródło:

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology; 2015, 92
1898-5912

Pojawia się w:

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 92.

Tytuł:

Model zbieżystości strzał dla górskich drzewostanów świerkowych średnich klas wieku
A taper model for mountain spruce stands in medium age classes

Autorzy:

Socha, J.
Kubik, I.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1022889.pdf

Data publikacji:

2005

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Tematy:

zbiezystosc strzaly
dendrometria
model zbiezystosci
drzewostany swierkowe
lasy gorskie
Picea abies
lesnictwo
strzala drzew
swierk pospolity
stem shape
shape model
taper model
norway spruce

Opis:

The taper model presented in this paper was built for the mountain spruce stands in medium age classes. The model was described by multiple regression equations determining the thickness of a tree stem at different relative heights. Three variants of equations were proposed. In the simplest equation, d.b.h. and tree height were the explanatory variables while in the remaining equations height and thickness at half of the stem height were additional variables. The solution proposed in the paper allows for a precise estimation of the volume of stems and stem sections. At the same time it is free from systematic errors. The developed taper model can find practical application in determining tree shape, volume and timber assortment classes in forest inventories, standing tree quality assessment and stand pricing.

Źródło:

Sylwan; 2005, 149, 01; 42-52
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 93.

Tytuł:

Związek typu ugałęzienia świerka pospolitego (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) z jakością surowca drzewnego
Relationships between Norway spruce [Picea abies [L.] Karst.] branching type and timber

Autorzy:

Michalec, K.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1015618.pdf

Data publikacji:

2008

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Tematy:

typ ugalezienia
drewno swierkowe
Picea abies
lesnictwo
jakosc
wady drewna
swierk pospolity
drzewa lesne
norway spruce
branching type
timber quality
wood defects

Opis:

As there are different views concerning the relationship between branching type and timber quality, the present paper attempts to evaluate this relationship. The studies were carried out on 32 sample plots located within the boundaries of two natural ranges of Norway spruce in Poland: north−eastern and south−western. The selected trees were examined for the type of branching, height and diameter at breast height, timber quality, size classes or groups in a butt−end section, and kinds or varieties of wood defects having an effect on timber grade classification. The analyses did not show any clear relationship between branching type and timber quality of Norway spruce.

Źródło:

Sylwan; 2008, 152, 06; 33-43
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 94.

Tytuł:

Zagrożenie świerczyn górskich w Europie Środkowej przez imisje przemysłowe
Threatening of mountain spruce stands in Central Europe by industrial immisions

Autorzy:

Latocha, E.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/820532.pdf

Data publikacji:

1985

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Źródło:

Sylwan; 1985, 129, 01
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 95.

Tytuł:

Uwagi na temat odnowienia świerka w górach
Zamechanija o vozobnovlenii eli v gorakh
Remarks upon spruce regeneration in mountain regions

Autorzy:

Szwab, A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/822092.pdf

Data publikacji:

1958

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Źródło:

Sylwan; 1958, 102, 04
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 96.

Tytuł:

Badania porównawcze własności drewna morfologicznych odmian świerka pospolitego
Comparative studies on wood properties in morphological varietes of the Norway spruce

Autorzy:

Siek, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/823887.pdf

Data publikacji:

1970

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Źródło:

Sylwan; 1970, 114, 07
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 97.

Tytuł:

Rozpuszczanie skały węglanowej w glebach leśnych buczyn i świerczyn w warunkach laboratoryjnych
Dissolution of carbonate rock in soils under beech and spruce forests in the laboratory conditions

Autorzy:

Drewnik, M.
Wasak, K.
Żelazny, M.
Jelonkiewicz, L.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989332.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Tematy:

gleboznawstwo lesne
gleby lesne
materia organiczna
skaly weglanowe
rozpuszczanie
denudacja chemiczna
badania laboratoryjne
denudation
beech
norway spruce
rendzina

Opis:

Chemical denudation plays a crucial role in affecting the water chemistry and the development of the relief, therefore the dissolution of carbonate rocks is the subject of numerous research. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of soil material derived from the organic (O) as well as humus (A) horizons of forest soils (common beech and Norway spruce stands) on the dissolution of rock. During one−year laboratory experiment standardized samples of dolomitic limestone placed in the soil material were washed with deionized water. The greatest loss of the sample rocks mass occurred in O material from Norway spruce stand (43.9‰ on average), while in other cases, the loss of rock samples mass was much lower and statistically non−significant. The total masses of calcium (Ca2+) leached from O material under beech and spruce stands were similar, however in the case of spruce most of Ca2+ derives from rock dissolution. Similarly, higher proportion of magnesium (Mg2+) leached from O material under Norway spruce derives from rock dissolution, although the total mass of Mg2+ leached is higher from O material under beech. The total mass of Ca2+ and Mg2+ leached from A material was similar or higher than from O material, however most of those ions derived from the soil material. The results indicate that the replacement of beech by Norway spruce can increase chemical denudation as well as Ca2+ and Mg2+ leaching, wherein Ca2+ leaching would be significantly greater than Mg2+.

Źródło:

Sylwan; 2016, 160, 09; 751-758
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 98.

Tytuł:

Lata wskaźnikowe świerka pospolitego w Beskidach Zachodnich
Pointer years of Norway spruce in the Western Beskidy Mountains (southern Poland)

Autorzy:

Wilczyński, S.
Szymański, N.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/991365.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Tematy:

gory
Beskidy Zachodnie
drzewa lesne
swierk pospolity
przyrost drzew
sloje przyrostu rocznego
przyrost grubosci
czynniki klimatyczne
lata wskaznikowe
tree rings
pointer years
norway spruce
western beskidy mountains
altitudinal zone

Opis:

The frequency of site and zonal pointer years in Norway spruce in two altitudinal zones (500−900 m and 900−1370 m a.s.l.) in the Western Beskidy Mountains was analysed. In total, 32 tree stands were studied – 16 in each zone. In both zones number of negative site pointer years increased along with increase of number of positive site pointer years. Above 900 m a. s. l. number of site pointer years increased along with the altitude, while below 900 m a.s.l. their number decreased along with the altitude. We found no common pointer years for all 32 populations. In lower zone, short winter, early and very warm spring or high precipitation in June and July in a given year caused negative pointer years. In the upper one positive pointer years occurred after the warm autumn and in years with the warm growing season.

Źródło:

Sylwan; 2014, 158, 12; 883-892
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 99.

Tytuł:

Uszkodzenia drzew w następstwie trzebieży wczesnych w nizinnych drzewostanach świerkowych
Tree damage in lowland spruce stands caused by early thinnings

Autorzy:

Bembenek, M.
Giefing, D.F.
Karaszewski, Z.
Mederski, P.S.
Szczepańska-Alvarez, A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/991597.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne

Tematy:

lesnictwo
uzytkowanie lasu
drzewostany nizinne
trzebiez wczesna
drzewostany swierkowe
swierk
uszkodzenia drzew
spruce
tree damage
timber harvest methods
early thinning

Opis:

The paper presents analysis of tree damage after early thinning in lowland spruce stands. Percentage of tree with damage and weighted damage index (WDI) were considered. Three different thinning operations were analysed, in which different cutting method was applied. The smallest level of damage was observed when short wood system (SWS) was used. There were no significant differences between frequency of damage when full tree (FTS) and long wood (LWS) systems were compared.

Źródło:

Sylwan; 2013, 157, 10; 747-753
0039-7660

Pojawia się w:

Sylwan

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 100.

Tytuł:

Strip road impact on selected wood defects of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst)
Wpływ szlaków operacyjnych na wybrane wady drewna świerka pospolitego (Picea Abies (L.) H. Krast)

Autorzy:

Bembenek, M.
Giefing, D.F.
Karaszewski, Z.
Lacka, A.
Mederski, P.S.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52478.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Drewna

Tematy:

strip road
wood defect
wood quality
Norway spruce
Picea abies
thinning operation

Opis:

Creating strip roads in second age class stands is an indispensible operation for carrying out thinning. It is especially important in places where there is an intention to do a first thinning using mechanised thinning operations. Felling trees to create strip roads results in altered conditions for the tree growth of neighbouring trees.In particular, this is due to an increase in exposure to sunlight. This can lead to changes in the growth of trees and consequently changes in the morphology of the trunk and the development of defects. The objective of this paper was to analyse the frequency of the presence of particular defects in the structure and shape of spruce ina five-year period after the creation of a strip road. The research was carried out in an artificially regenerated spruce stand within the spruce’s natural, northern habitat in Poland. A 34-year-old stand underwent a systematic thinning scheme which involved the removal of every eighth tree row. The analysis was carried out on trees growing both adjacent to the strip roads (which had a greater growing area around them and greater access to sunlight) as well as trees from further within the stand. Diameter growth was taken in three places: at breast height, in the middle of the trunk between breast height and the base of the crown, as well as at the base of the crown. The average incremental growth, pith eccentricity taper and ovality were calculated. No statistically significant difference in defects between the trees growing by the strip road and those growing further in the stand was observed. Greater taper on mid-tree logs in comparison to butt logs was observed. Insignificant changes in the morphology of the trunks, supports the validity of cutting strip roads in second age class stands.
Zakładanie szlaków operacyjnych staje się niezbędne przy stosowaniu współczesnych technologii w gospodarce leśnej. Ich obecność to również zwiększony dostęp do światła dla drzew rosnących na ich skraju, co z kolei może wpływać na różnice we wzroście tych drzew w porównaniu z drzewami wewnątrz drzewostanu. Celem pracy była analiza częstości występowania niektórych wad budowy i kształtu mogących wpływać na jakość surowca drzewnego w 5 lat po wykonaniu zabiegu. Drzewostan świerkowy w wieku 34 lat został poddany trzebieży schematycznej poprzez wycięcie co 8. rzędu drzew. Analizie poddano drzewa rosnące przy szlaku PS (z asymetrycznie większymi stoiskami i dostępem do światła) oraz drzewa wewnątrz drzewostanu ( WD 5–10 m od osi szlaku). Badano przyrosty na wysokości pierśnicy, w połowie długości między pierśnicą a podstawą korony i u podstawy korony oraz obliczono przeciętny przyrost, mimośrodowość rdzenia i zbieżystość. Nie zaobserwowano występowania statystycznie istotnych różnic pomiędzy analizowanymi cechami drzew PS i WD, jednakże u drzew rosnących PS zaobserwowano istotnie większą zbieżystość kłód środkowych w porównaniu z odziomkowymi. W krótkim okresie(5 lat) po założeniu szlaków w drzewostanie świerkowym II klasy wieku nie stwierdzono zatem statystycznie istotnych różnic w morfologii pni drzew rosnących przy szlaku i w drzewostanie. Niemniej jednak zaobserwowano: 1) tendencje do zwiększonych przyrostów u drzew PS (szczególnie w połowie pnia) w 5. roku po wykonaniu zabiegu oraz 2)wzrost zbieżystości kłód środkowych wyrobionych z drzew PS. Wyniki te sugerują przeprowadzenie podobnych badań w dłuższym odstępie czasowym (niż 5-letni)od założenia szlaków.

Źródło:

Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty; 2013, 56, 190
1644-3985

Pojawia się w:

Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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