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Tytuł:
Osteology, paleobiology, and relationships of the sauropod dinosaur Sauroposeidon
Autorzy:
Wedel, M J
Cifelli, R L
Sanders, R K
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22230.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
Oklahoma
pneumatic structure
Sauroposeidon proteles
Sauroposeidon
paleobiology
Cretaceous
Antlers Formation
dinosaur
sauropod
North America
paleontology
Opis:
Sauroposeidon proteles is a large brachiosaurid sauropod recently described from the Antlers Formation (Aptian-Albian) of southeastern Oklahoma. Sauroposeidon represents the culmination of brachiosaurid trends toward lengthening and lightening the neck, and its cervical vertebrae are characterized by extensive pneumatic structures. The elaboration of vertebral air sacs during sauropod evolution produced a variety of internal structure types. We propose a new classification system for this array of vertebral characters, using computed tomography (CT) of pneumatic internal structures. Comparisons with birds suggest that the vertebrae of sauropods were pneumatized by a complex system of air sacs in the thorax and abdomen. The presence of a thoraco-abdominal air sac system in sauropods would dramatically affect current estimates of mass, food intake, and respiratory requirements. Sauroposeidon was one of the last sauropods in the Early Cretaceous of North America; sauropods disappeared from the continent by the early Cenomanian. The demise of sauropods in the Early Cretaceous of North America predates significant radiations of angiosperms, so the decline and extinction of this dinosaur group cannot be linked to changes in flora.
Sauroposeidon proteles to wielki dinozaur z rodziny brachiozaurów, opisany niedawno z formacji Antlers (apt-alb) z południowo-wschodniej Oklahomy (USA). Stanowi on kulminację widocznej u brachiozaurów tendencji do wydłużania szyi i zmniejszania jej ciężaru - kręgi szyjne odznaczają się intensywną pneumatyzacją. Rozrost worków powietrznych w kręgach szyjnych doprowadził do wytworzenia rozmaitych wariantów ich budowy wewnętrznej. Autorzy proponują nowy podział owych struktur anatomicznych, oparty na obserwacji tomograficznej spneumatyzowanych kręgów. Porównania z ptakami sugerują, że kręgi zauropodów mieściły rozbudowany system worków powietrznych obejmujących też tułów. Obecność piersiowo-brzusznych worków powietrznych oznaczałaby radykalne zmiany dotychczasowych oszacowań masy ciała, zapotrzebowania pokarmowego i wydolności oddechowej zauropodów. Zauroposejdon był jednym z ostatnich zauropodów zamieszkujących Amerykę Północną we wczesnej kredzie (we wczesnym cenomanie brak już zauropodów na tym kontynencie). Zniknięcie zauropodów z Ameryki Północnej poprzedziło większe radiacje adaptacyjne roślin okrytozalążkowych, toteż nie można wiąać upadku i zaniku tej grupy dinozaurów ze zmianami flory.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2000, 45, 4
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pathological phalanges in a camarasaurid sauropod dinosaur and implications on behaviour
Autorzy:
Tschopp, E.
Wings, O.
Frauenfelder, T.
Rothschild, B.M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20890.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
pathology
paleopathology
camarasaurid
sauropod dinosaur
dinosaur
animal behaviour
Dinosauria
Sauropoda
osteoarthritis
osteochondrosis
bone tumour
Morrison Formation
Jurassic
Opis:
Several types of pathological bony overgrowth are known from various dinosaur taxa but, except for stress fractures, are rarely reported from appendicular elements. Herein we describe pathological manual and pedal phalanges of a camarasaurid sauropod (SMA 0002), which show features rarely recognised in non-avian dinosaurs. They include lateral osteophytes and smoothing of phalangeal articular surfaces, a deep pit, proximal enthesophytes in pedal unguals, distal overgrowth associated with a fracture, and a knob-like overgrowth lateral to the distal condyles of a pedal phalanx. Their causes were assessed by means of visual examination, CT scans, and bone histology, where possible. The lateral osteophytes are interpreted as symptoms of osteoarthritis. The ossified tendon insertions in the unguals are most probably the result of prolonged, heavy use of the pedal claws, possibly for scratch-digging. The distal overgrowth is interpreted to have developed due to changed stress regimes, and to be the cause for the fracture. The deep pit represents most likely a case of osteochondrosis, whereas the knob-like overgrowth likely represents a post-traumatic phenomenon not previously reported in dinosaurs. The study confirms that a rigorous assessment of pathologies can yield information about behaviour in long-extinct animals.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2016, 61, 1
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cyclical growth in the long limb bones of a sauropod dinosaur
Autorzy:
Ricqles De,, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20007.pdf
Data publikacji:
1983
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Opis:
Structures indicative of cyclical growth are described for the first time in a long limb bone of a half-grown sauropod dinosaur. This provides a mean by which age and growth rate are tentatively assessed. The significance of the findings in terms of sauropod physiology is discussed and it is concluded that the data are accordant with an imperfect mass homeothermy and incipient (mass) endothermy as a model of sauropod physiology.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 1983, 28, 1-2
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New diplodocoid sauropod dinosaur material from the Middle Jurassic of European Russia
Autorzy:
Averianov, A.O.
Zverkov, N.G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082206.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
Dinosauria
Sauropoda
Diplodocoidea
Mesozoic
Russia
Fennoscandian landmass
Opis:
Two anterior caudal vertebrae from apparently a single individual from the Callovian (Middle Jurassic) marine deposits of the Podosinki Formation at Peski Quarry near Moscow, Russia, are attributed by the phylogenetic analyses of two independent datasets to the sauropod clade Diplodocoidea. Morphologically, these vertebrae differ from the anterior caudals of Diplodocidae and Rebbachisauridae, but are similar to those of Dicraeosauridae. This finding is in line with a recent discovery of the dicraeosaurid sauropod Lingwulong from the late Early–early Middle Jurassic of China, and suggests earlier diversification of the main neosauropod lineages and Asiatic origin for Dicraeosauridae. The Peski sauropod is the first Jurassic terrestrial vertebrate from the Fennoscandian landmass. Diplodocoid sauropods likely dispersed to this land massive before the Bathonian, when it was still connected with Asia.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2020, 65, 3; 499-509
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A new sauropod dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah, USA
Autorzy:
Taylor, M.
Wedel, M.
Cifelli, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/23198.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
paleontology
Dinosauria
Sauropoda
Camarasauromorpha
Brontomerus
Brontomerus mcintoshi
diversity
Early Cretaceous
North America
new sauropod dinosaur
Lower Cretaceous
Cedar Mountain Formation
Utah
Cretaceous
sauropod dinosaur
Opis:
Brontomerus mcintoshi is a new genus and species of sauropod dinosaur from the Hotel Mesa Quarry in Grand County, Utah, USA, in the upper part of the Ruby Ranch Member (Aptian–Albian) of the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation. It is known from at least two fragmentary specimens of different sizes. The type specimen is OMNH 66430, the left ilium of a juvenile individual; tentatively referred specimens include a crushed presacral centrum, a complete and well−preserved mid−to−posterior caudal vertebra, the partial centrum of a distal caudal vertebra, a complete pneumatic anterior dorsal rib from the right side, the nearly complete left scapula of a much larger, presumably adult, individual, and two partial sternal plates. Brontomerus is diagnosed by five autapomorphies of the type specimen: preacetabular lobe 55% of total ilium length, longer than in any other sauropod; preacetabular lobe directed anterolaterally at 30 to the sagittal, but straight in dorsal view and vertically oriented; postacetabular lobe reduced to near absence; ischiadic peduncle reduced to very low bulge; ilium proportionally taller than in any other sauropod, 52% as high as long. In a phylogenetic analysis, Brontomerus was recovered as a camarasauromorph in all most parsimonious trees, but with uncertain position within that clade. The large preacetabular lobe of the ilium anchored powerful protractor and abductor muscles, but precise interpretation is impossible without functionally related elements such as femora and proximal caudal vertebrae. Brontomerus is the eighth sauropod genus named from the Early Cretaceous of North America, and more remain to be described: North American sauropod diversity did not decline catastrophically at the end of the Jurassic as often assumed. The most striking differences between Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous sauropod faunas in North America is that the former are abundant and dominated by diplodocids, whereas the latter are comparatively scarce— though still diverse—and dominated by macronarians.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2011, 56, 1
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A new titanosaur sauropod dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of North Patagonia, Argentina
Autorzy:
Filippi, L.S.
Garcia, R.A.
Garrido, A.C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20301.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
new species
titanosaur
sauropod dinosaur
dinosaur
Upper Cretaceous
Cretaceous
North Patagonia
Argentina
paleontology
Sauropoda
Titanosauria
phylogenesis
Anacleto Formation
Neuquen basin
Narambuenatitan palomoi
Opis:
A new sauropod titanosaur from the Upper Cretaceous Anacleto Formation is described. Narambuenatitan palomoi gen. et sp. nov., is diagnosed by cranial and axial autapomorphies. The holotype, which represent a subadult individual, consists of the left premaxilla and maxilla, braincase, both quadrates, one cervical vertebrae, one dorsal vertebra, fragments of cervical and dorsal ribs, seventeen caudal vertebrae, caudal transverse processes, fragments of haemal arches, left sternal plate, right coracoid, left humerus, left ulnae, both pubes, iliac pedicel, proximal fragment of right ischia, and an incomplete left femur. The phylogenetic analysis indicates that Narambuenatitan is a non−eutitanosaurian lithostrotian, and that it shares with Epachthosaurus a neural spine in middle caudal vertebrae which are laminar and posteriorly elongated.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2011, 56, 3
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A new diplodocoid sauropod dinosaur from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of Montana, USA
Autorzy:
Harris, J D
Dodson, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22659.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
phylogenesis
Dicraeosauridae
Diplodocoidea
Upper Jurassic
dinosaur
Montana
Jurassic
paleobiogeography
Diplodocidae
USA
sauropod dinosaur
Dinosauria
Morrison Formation
paleontology
Opis:
A partial skeleton of a new sauropod dinosaur from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation (?Tithonian) of Montana is described. Suuwassea emilieae gen. et sp. nov. is diagnosed by numerous cranial, axial, and appendicular autapomorphies. The holotype consists of a premaxilla, partial maxilla, quadrate, braincase with partial skull roof, several partial and complete cranial and middle cervical, cranial dorsal, and caudal vertebrae, ribs, complete scapulocoracoid, humerus, partial tibia, complete fibula, calcaneus, and partial pes. It displays numerous synapomorphies of the Diplodocoidea, including characters of both the Diplodocidae (Apatosaurus + (Diplodocus + Barosaurus)) and Dicraeosauridae (Dicraeosaurus + Amargasaurus). Preliminary phylogenetic analysis indicates that Suuwassea is a diplodocoid more derived than rebbachisaurids but in a trichotomy with both the Diplodocidae and Dicraeosauridae. Suuwassea represents the first well−supported, North American, non−diplodocid representative of the Diplodocoidea and provides new insight into the origins of both the Diplodocidae and Dicraeosauridae.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2004, 49, 2
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dermal armor histology of Saltasaurus loricatus, an Upper Cretaceous sauropod dinosaur from Northwest Argentina
Autorzy:
Cerda, I A
Powell, J.E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22424.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
dermal armor
histology
Saltasaurus loricatus
Upper Cretaceous
Cretaceous
sauropod dinosaur
dinosaur
Argentina
Sauropoda
Titanosauria
osteohistology
osteoderm
dermal ossicle
metaplasia
paleontology
Opis:
The first unambiguous evidence of the presence of osteoderms in sauropod dinosaurs came from the discovery of Saltasaurus loricatus, a titanosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Argentina. The dermal armor of Saltasaurus is composed of bony plates and small dermal ossicles. Here, we analyze the bone microstructure of these elements and provide information regarding its origin and development. The bony plates are composed almost entirely of reconstructed cancellous bone. Remains of primary bone consist of coarse bundles of mineralized collagenous fibers towards the external surface. Also, woven fibered bone tissue appears in the basal and lateral regions. Dermal ossicles lack secondary remodeling, and their matrix is formed by three orthogonal systems of collagenous fiber bundles. Growth lines are present in both bony plates and ossicles. Bone histology reveals that osteoderms mainly originated through direct mineralization (metaplasia) of the dermis, although other mechanisms are also involved (at least in the origin of dermal plates). The common features of development and integumental location of the osteoderms of Saltasaurus and other non−related vertebrates (e.g., lepidosaurs, crocodylomorphs) are linked to the intrinsic skeletogenic properties of the dermis.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2010, 55, 3; 389-398
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sauropod dinosaur remains from a new Early Jurassic locality in the Central High Atlas of Morocco
Autorzy:
Nicholl, C.S.C.
Mannion, P.D.
Barrett, P.M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/21304.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Opis:
Despite being globally widespread and abundant throughout much of the Mesozoic, the early record of sauropod dinosaur evolution is extremely poor. As such, any new remains can provide significant additions to our understanding of this important radiation. Here, we describe two sauropod middle cervical vertebrae from a new Early Jurassic locality in the Haute Moulouya Basin, Central High Atlas of Morocco. The possession of opisthocoelous centra, a well-developed system of centrodiapophyseal laminae, and the higher elevation of the postzygapophyses relative to the prezygapophyses, all provide strong support for a placement within Sauropoda. Absence of pneumaticity indicates non-neosauropod affinities, and several other features, including a tubercle on the dorsal margin of the prezygapophyses and an anteriorly slanting neural spine, suggest close relationships with various basal eusauropods, such as the Middle Jurassic taxa Jobaria tiguidensis and Patagosaurus fariasi. Phylogenetic analyses also support a position close to the base of Eusauropoda. The vertebrae differ from the only other Early Jurassic African sauropod dinosaurs preserving overlapping remains (the Moroccan Tazoudasaurus naimi and South African Pulanesaura eocollum), as well as stratigraphically younger taxa, although we refrain from erecting a new taxon due to the limited nature of the material. These new specimens represent one of the earliest eusauropod taxa and are an important additional data point for elucidating the early evolution of the clade.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2018, 63, 1
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bone Microstructure and Relative Age of the Holotype Specimen of the Diplodocoid Sauropod Dinosaur Suuwassea emilieae
Autorzy:
Hedrick, B.P.
Tumarkin-Deratzian, A.R.
Dodson, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/945796.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
dinosauria
sauropoda
suuwassea
histology
jurassic
morrison formation
montana
usa
Opis:
We present the first study of bone microstructure in Suuwassea emilieae, a diplodocoid sauropod from the Morrison Formation. Although the holotype of Suuwassea was recently identified as a subadult, bone histology demonstrates that this individual had reached sexual maturity at approximately 75–80% of maximum adult size. The smaller size of the holotype of Suuwassea relative to contemporary sauropods is due to ontogeny rather than a true reflection of adult size. A fully adult individual would have likely been similar in size to a fully adult specimen of Apatosaurus. Suuwassea has a number of plesiomorphic characters that might have been explained by its supposed early ontogenetic status, and would then have called the validity of the taxon into question. However, our demonstration that it was an adult confirms that these features represent retention of plesiomorphic character states or evolutionary reversals in a derived animal. Additionally, the specimen shows extensive cortical drift and secondary osteon formation related to skeletal loading, which is often obscured by complete remodeling of Haversian systems in sauropod taxa. There are substantial differences in the microstructure across the bone, which could make histologic samples not based upon complete cross sections problematic. Suuwassea is one of four currently recognized dicraeosaurid taxa, and this study contributes potential taxonomic characters in sauropod bone microstructure.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2014, 59, 2; 295-304
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New remains attributable to the holotype of the sauropod dinosaur Neuquensaurus australis, with implications for saltasaurine systematics
Autorzy:
D'emic, M.
Wilson, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20033.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
paleontology
Dinosauria
Sauropoda
Titanosauria
Neuquensaurus australis
Saltasaurus loricatus
taxonomy
Cretaceous
South America
remains
new remains
holotype
sauropod dinosaur
dinosaur
systematics
saltasaurine systematics
Opis:
The Late Cretaceous South American sauropods Neuquensaurus australis and Saltasaurus loricatus are represented by well−preserved and abundant material that has been integral to our understanding of titanosaur anatomy for decades. Although the hypodigms for these species span most of the skeleton, holotypic materials are limited to a few bones that do not overlap between the two taxa. In this contribution, we augment the holotype of Neuquensaurus australis with a partial sacrum that was preserved in articulation with one of the caudal vertebrae from its original description, but not recognised as such at the time. We document this field association via the presence of a broken piece of matrix on the sixth sacral vertebral centrum that has a snap−fit to matrix on the rim of the anterior condyle of the holotypic biconvex vertebra. Based on comparisons with a more complete sacrum and ilium of a referred specimen of Neuquensaurus australis, we interpret this biconvex vertebra to be the seventh sacral vertebra. This raises the possibility that the biconvex “first caudal” vertebra of some other titanosaurs may be part of the sacrum as well. Augmentation of the Neuquensaurus australis holotype to include a sacrum makes it directly comparable to the holotype of Saltasaurus loricatus. Morphological differences in the number, shape, and proportion of sacral vertebrae allow discrimination between Neuquensaurus and Saltasaurus, confirming their generic separation. The El Brete quarry, which preserves the holotypic sacrum and abundant referred specimens of Saltasaurus loricatus, also preserves a sacrum consisting of seven vertebrae that bears autapomorphies of Neuquensaurus australis, indicating that these two saltasaurines coexisted.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2011, 56, 1
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A novel form of postcranial skeletal pneumaticity in a sauropod dinosaur: Implications for the paleobiology of Rebbachisauridae
Autorzy:
IBIRICU, LUCIO M.
LAMANNA, MATTHEW C.
MARTÍNEZ, RUBÉN D.F.
CASAL, GABRIEL A.
CERDA, IGNACIO A.
MARTÍNEZ, GASTÓN
SALGADO, LEONARDO
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/945246.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
dinosauria
rebbachisauridae
katepensaurus
air sac system
postcranial skeletal pneumaticity
pulmonary system
cretaceous
bajo barreal formation
argentina
Opis:
In dinosaurs and other archosaurs, the presence of foramina connected with internal chambers in axial and appendicular bones is regarded as a robust indicator of postcranial skeletal pneumaticity (PSP). Here we analyze PSP and its paleobiological implications in rebbachisaurid diplodocoid sauropod dinosaurs based primarily on the dorsal vertebrae of Katepensaurus goicoecheai, a rebbachisaurid from the Cenomanian–Turonian (Upper Cretaceous) Bajo Barreal Formation of Patagonia, Argentina. We document a complex of interconnected pneumatic foramina and internal chambers within the dorsal vertebral transverse processes of Katepensaurus. Collectively, these structures constitute a form of PSP that has not previously been observed in sauropods, though it is closely comparable to morphologies seen in selected birds and non-avian theropods. Parts of the skeletons of Katepensaurus and other rebbachisaurid taxa such as Amazonsaurus maranhensis and Tataouinea hannibalis exhibit an elevated degree of pneumaticity relative to the conditions in many other sauropods. We interpret this extensive PSP as an adaptation for lowering the density of the skeleton, and tentatively propose that this reduced skeletal density may also have decreased the muscle energy required to move the body and the heat generated in so doing. Given that several rebbachisaurids inhabited tropical to subtropical paleolatitudes during the extreme warmth of the mid-Cretaceous, increased PSP may have better enabled these sauropods to cope with extraordinarily high temperatures. Extensive skeletal pneumaticity may have been an important innovation in Rebbachisauridae, and perhaps also in saltasaurine titanosaurs, which evolved an even greater degree of PSP. This may in turn have contributed to the evolutionary success of rebbachisaurids, which were the only diplodocoids to survive into the Late Cretaceous.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2017, 62, 2; 221-236
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Osteology of the dorsal vertebrae of the giant titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur Dreadnoughtus schrani from the Late Cretaceous of Argentina
Autorzy:
VOEGELE, KRISTYN K.
LAMANNA, MATTHEW C.
LACOVARA, KENNETH J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/945927.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
sauropoda
titanosauria
dreadnoughtus
dorsal vertebrae
cretaceous
cerro fortaleza formation
argentina
Opis:
Many titanosaurian dinosaurs are known only from fragmentary remains, making comparisons between taxa difficult because they often lack overlapping skeletal elements. This problem is particularly pronounced for the exceptionally large-bodied members of this sauropod clade. Dreadnoughtus schrani is a well-preserved giant titanosaurian from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian–Maastrichtian) Cerro Fortaleza Formation of southern Patagonia, Argentina. Numerous skeletal elements are known for Dreadnoughtus, including seven nearly complete dorsal vertebrae and a partial dorsal neural arch that collectively represent most of the dorsal sequence. Here we build on our previous preliminary description of these skeletal elements by providing a detailed assessment of their serial positional assignments, as well as comparisons of the dorsal vertebrae of Dreadnoughtus with those of other exceptionally large-bodied titanosaurians. Although the dorsal elements of Dreadnoughtus probably belong to two individuals, they exhibit substantial morphological variation that suggests that there is minimal, if any, positional overlap among them. Dreadnoughtus therefore preserves the second-most complete dorsal vertebral series known for a giant titanosaurian that has been described in detail, behind only that of Futalognkosaurus. The dorsal sequence of Dreadnoughtus provides valuable insight into serial variation along the vertebral column of these enormous sauropods. Such variation includes the variable presence of divided spinodiapophyseal laminae and associated spinodiapophyseal fossae. Given that dorsal vertebrae are the only elements that overlap between known remains of most giant titanosaurian taxa, the dorsal series of Dreadnoughtus provides a means to directly compare the morphologies of these sauropods. The dorsal vertebrae of Dreadnoughtus and Futalognkosaurus have dorsoventrally narrow transverse processes, unlike the condition in Puertasaurus. Further, Dreadnoughtus and Argentinosaurus have ventromedially inclined prezygapophyses, whereas Futalognkosaurus has almost horizontal prezygapophyses. The continued inclusion of new, well-represented skeletons of titanosaurians such as Dreadnoughtus in phylogenetic and functional morphological studies will aid in deciphering the interrelationships and paleobiology of Titanosauria.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2017, 62, 4; 667-681
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Head and neck posture in sauropod dinosaurs inferred from extant animals
Autorzy:
Taylor, M P
Wedel, M.J.
Naish, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22737.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
paleontology
dinosaur
sauropod dinosaur
extant animal
head posture
neck posture
Dinosauria
Sauropoda
Opis:
The neck posture of sauropod dinosaurs has long been controversial. Recent reconstructions position the cervical vertebrae and skull in an “osteological neutral pose” (ONP), the best fit arrived at by articulating the vertebrae with the zygapophyses in maximum contact. This approach in isolation suggests that most or all sauropods held their necks horizontally. However, a substantial literature on extant amniotes (mammals, turtles, squamates, crocodilians and birds) shows that living animals do not habitually maintain their necks in ONP. Instead, the neck is maximally extended and the head is maximally flexed, so that the mid−cervical region is near vertical. Unless sauropods behaved differently from all extant amniote groups, they must have habitually held their necks extended and their heads flexed. The life orientation of the heads of sauropods has been inferred from the inclination of the semi−circular canals. However, extant animals show wide variation in inclination of the “horizontal” semi−circular canal: the orientation of this structure is not tightly constrained and can give only a general idea of the life posture of extinct animals’ heads.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2009, 54, 2; 213-220
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A monument of inefficiency: The presumed course of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in sauropod dinosaurs
Autorzy:
Wedel, M.J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/23398.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
laryngeal nerve
sauropod dinosaur
dinosaur
Dinosauria
Sauropoda
larynx
neck
neuron
paleontology
life history
Opis:
The recurrent laryngeal nerve is an often cited example of “unintelligent design” in biology, especially in the giraffe. The nerve appears early in embryonic development, before the pharyngeal and aortic arches are separated by the development of the neck. The recurrent course of the nerve from the brain, around the great vessels, to the larynx, is shared by all extant tetrapods. Therefore we may infer that the recurrent laryngeal nerve was present in extinct tetrapods, had the same developmental origin, and followed the same course. The longest−necked animals of all time were the extinct sauropod dinosaurs, some of which had necks 14 meters long. In these animals, the neurons that comprised the recurrent laryngeal nerve were at least 28 meters long. Still longer neurons may have spanned the distance from the end of the tail to the brainstem, as in all extant vertebrates. In the longest sauropods these neurons may have been 40–50 meters long, probably the longest cells in the history of life.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2012, 57, 2
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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