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Tytuł:
Trypsin inhibitor electrophoretic patterns in Vicia faba L. and related species
Autorzy:
Zimniak-Przybylska, Z
Przybylska, J.
Krajewski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2043622.pdf
Data publikacji:
1999
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Vicia faba
trypsin inhibitor
Narbonensis
electrophoresis
faba bean
Bithynicae
taxonomy
Źródło:
Journal of Applied Genetics; 1999, 40, 4; 283-292
1234-1983
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Applied Genetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Genotypic discrimination of Aspergillus fumigatus strain from related species within section fumigati
Autorzy:
Giray, Betül
Kocaöğüt, Elif
Uçar, Füsun B.
Haliki-Uztan, Alev
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989031.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:
roda
βtub
a. fumigatus
its-pcr
antifungal susceptibility testing
Opis:
Introduction and objective. The aim was to make an exact diagnosis of 20 strains using molecular biological methods which were isolated from the atmosphere of the inpatient rooms in the Oncology and other departments of the Ege University Medical Faculty Hospital, and identified as Aspergillus fumigatus through phenotypic tests, and to determine their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Materials and method. It was confirmed that the 20 phenotypically-identified A. fumigatus strains belonged to the section Fumigati after they were tested by the ITS-PCR method. Their sequence analysis was performed and the results sent to the NCBI GenBank, and their accession numbers were obtained. For their exact diagnosis at the species level, the β-tub (β-tubulin) and rodA (RodletA) genes were examined with the multiplex PCR. Anti-fungal susceptibility of the 20 strains was determined according to the M38-A2 standards. Results. As a result of ITS-PCR, it was confirmed that 19 of the 20 strains identified as A. fumigatus through the phenotypic methods belonged to the section Fumigati. However, after the detection of β-tub and rodA genes, all 20 strains were identified as A. fumigatus. Conclusion. Although the results of the phenotypic and molecular biological tests applied to filamentous fungi do not often overlap, in this study, the results obtained from the molecular analysis confirmed the results of the phenotypic tests. However, 1 of the 20 strains phenotypically-identified as A. fumigatus was identified as Penicillium spp. as a result of ITSPCR and sequence analysis. On the other hand, the profile obtained from β-tub and rodA tests indicated that the strain was A. fumigatus. Based on these results, this strain is thought to belong to the Aspergilloides genus which has the features of both genera.
Źródło:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2016, 23, 3
1232-1966
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Geometric morphometric analysis of the shell of Cerion mumia (Pulmonata: Cerionidae) and related species
Autorzy:
Miller, J.P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/83900.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika. Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska. Stowarzyszenie Malakologów Polskich
Źródło:
Folia Malacologica; 2016, 24, 4
1506-7629
Pojawia się w:
Folia Malacologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Genetic variation of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) and related species revealed by ISSR analysis
Autorzy:
Bagmohammadi, Hamed
Pahlevani, Mohammadhadi
Ahmadikhah, Asadollah
Razavi, Seyed Esmaeil
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199709.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-08-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
Genetic diversity
ISSR markers
relationships
safflower
wild spices
Opis:
Genetic diversity of eight genotypes of Carthamus tinctorius L., two populations of C. oxyacanthus, and one population of C. lanatus was investigated using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. All samples were uniquely distinguished by 10 ISSR primers with 144 bands which generated 100% polymorphism. Furthermore, the ISSR markers could separate three safflower species properly, that highlights the effectiveness of this marker system for phylogenetic studies. The most and least informative primers were ISSR9 (PIC=0.367) and ISSR2 (PIC=0.254), and some primers were more efficient in detecting polymorphism in one species than for the others. Unweighed pairgroup method with arithmetical averages (UPGMA) cluster analysis enabled construction of a dendrogram  for estimating genetic distances among different populations. The result of cluster analysis suggested that cultivated and wild populations of C. oxyacanthus had close relationship with each other and far relationship with C. lanatus. The extreme genetic dissimilarity was observed between genotypes of C. tinctorius and C. lanatus populations. Based on the results, C. oxyacanthus could introduce favorable genes to cultivated safflower via inter-specific hybridization in breeding programs. Nei’s gene diversity index, Shannon’s index and percent of polymorphic loci showed that Isfahan ecotype of C. oxyacanthus had the highest variation at DNA level in relation to populations of other species. The ISSRs developed in this research along with those recently studied by other researchers will contribute to construct genetic map with a density sufficient for safflower molecular breeding.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2012, 66; 139-150
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development of microsatellite markers for horse-chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum), their polymorphism in natural Greek populations, and cross-amplification in related species
Autorzy:
Walas, L.
Iszkulo, G.
Barina, Z.
Dering, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2078223.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
Tertiary relict
endemic species
cross-amplification
polymorphism
Opis:
New nuclear microsatellite markers (SSRs) were developed for Aesculus hippocastanum, a relict tree species from the Balkan Peninsula. The development of microsatellites was done using the Illumina MiSeq PE300 platform. Out of a set of 500 SSRs designed, a subset of 13 loci was tested using 290 individuals from seven natural populations. Twelve species-specific loci were polymorphic. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 17 and expected heterozygosity from 0.089 to 0.800 with a mean value of 0.484. The population of Kalampaka had the lowest value of allelic richness (2.63) and gene diversity in comparison to the remaining populations. STRUCTURE analysis confirmed isolation of population Mariolata from the southern edge of the species range and genetic similarity among populations from the Pindos Mts. Additionally, the utility of new SSRs in 29 individuals from nine other Aesculus taxa was tested. Eleven markers gave polymorphic products for all tested species. For 24 individuals, a high-quality product was obtained for each marker. Results confirmed the utility of specific markers for future population genetics studies.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2021, 85; 105-116
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Introgresje genów z gatunków spokrewnionych taksonomicznie w ulepszeniach pszenicy Triticum aestivum L. i innych roślin uprawnych
Introgressions of genes from taxonomically related species in improvement of wheat Triticum aestivum L. and other cultivated plants
Autorzy:
Pilch, Józef
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198058.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-09-30
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
Poaceae (Triticeae)
bioróżnorodność
gatunki dzikie
introgresje
krzyżowania oddalone
obce geny
ulepszanie
alien genes
biodiversity
improvement
introgression
wide crosses
wild/related species
Opis:
Praca przedstawia dotychczasowy stan osiągnięć w wykorzystaniu gatunków dzikich spokrewnionych taksonomicznie w hodowli najważniejszych roślin uprawnych na świecie z wykorzystaniem hybrydyzacji generatywnej międzygatunkowej i międzyrodzajowej ze szczególnym wyróżnieniem roślin zbożowych. Uwzględnia zmienność genową gatunków, stosowane techniki w wytwarzaniu mieszańców pomostowych F1, identyfikowania mieszańców, stabilności, transferowania genów, jak i efekty końcowe tych prac. Przedstawia dotychczasowy postęp jaki został uzyskany w ulepszeniach roślin uprawnych poprzez introgresje genów z gatunków dzikich/spokrewnionych w zakresie stresów biotycznych i abiotycznych, poziomu plonowania i jego jakości, wykorzystaniu heterozji w produkcji roślinnej. Wskazuje dalsze działania w nowoczesnej hodowli nowych odmian. W pracy posługiwano się oryginalną nomenklaturą taksonomiczną gatunków roślin, genów, patogenów występującą w pracach autorskich.
The paper presents achievements in use of wild/related species in breeding of plants with application of generative interspecific and intergeneric hybridization, particularly focused on cereals. Biodiversity of species, methodology of production of F1 — bridge hybrids and identification of the hybrids, their stability, transfer of the genes and the end-effects are presented. The recent progress is outlined in improvement of cultivated plants with the use of introgressions of alien genes influencing response to biotic and abiotic stress, yield level and its quality, use of heterosis in plant production. Further directions in modern breeding of new cultivars are postulated. Original taxonomic nomenclature, applied in the original publications, has been used for the plant species, genes, diseases and pathogens.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin; 2011, 260/261; 21-42
0373-7837
2657-8913
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of homoeologous pairing Ph 1 - locus of Triticum aestivum L. on its F1 - bridge hybrids with the species (2x, 4x, 6x) Triticum L., (2x, 4x) Aegilops L., and (2x, 4x) Lolium L. genera .
Autorzy:
Pilch, Józef
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199085.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006-12-22
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
gene ph1b
homoeologous pairing system
locus Ph1
5B-, 5A-, 5D-chromosome monosomics
related species
Triticum aestivum L.
Opis:
Mono-5B Chinese Spring, mono-5B Jara, mono -5B Favorit exhibiting the deficiency of 5B-chromosome, the mutant –Ph Chinese Spring (ph1b, ph1b), mono-5A Chinese Spring, mopno-5D Chinese Spring with the genotype Ph1, Ph1 and the varieties Chinese Spring, Jara, Favorit with the genotype Ph1Ph1 were used in the crosses with 7 species of Triticum, 5 species of Aegilops and one species of Lolium genera to investigate the effect of the Ph1- locus on F1- bridge hybrids. Altogether, 117 cross-combinations were made and 98 259 florets were pollinated. The effectiveness of the locus Ph 1 was judged by the percentage of seed set of F1- bridge hybrids. Wide variation of seed set was observed in F1-bridge hybrids for all cross-combinations made...
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2006, 54; 53-63
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pinus uliginosa from Czarne Bagno peat-bog (Sudetes) compared morphologically to related Pinus species
Autorzy:
Boratynska, K.
Jasinska, A.K.
Marcysiak, K.
Sobierajska, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41752.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
Pinus uliginosa
Czarne Bagno peat bog
peat bog
Sudetes Mountains
plant variation
pine
Scotch pine
Pinus
plant species
dwarf mountain pine
mountain pine
Opis:
Pinus uliginosa is an interesting taxon from the Pinus mugo complex with controversial systematic position andspecific characteristics, intermediate among P. mugo, P. uncinata and P. sylvestris. The peat-bog pine is rare andprotectedin Poland. All its’ known populations have a relict character andare slightly different from each other. The aim of the present study was comparison of the individuals from the Czarne Bagno of the “Torfowisko pod Zieleńcem” Nature Reserve (Sudetes), determined in the field on the basis of morphological characteristics as Pinus uliginosa, with four samples of this taxon from the northern limits of its range in PolandandGer - many andwith Pinus sylvestris, P. mugo and P. uncinata, to verify morphological andtaxonomic relations between them. The material collected from 30 individuals determined as P. uliginosa, was closest to populations of P. uliginosa from the Bory Dolnośląskie, andto P. mugo from the Tatra Mts., concerning the needle characters. The cone characteristics of P. uliginosa individuals from the Czarne Bagno appeared similar to all other of that taxon. In spite of that, the cone characters first of all differentiate P. uliginosa from P. sylvestris, P. mugo and P. uncinata. The combination of needle and cone morphological characters are a good tool to distinguish P. sylvestris, P. uncinata, P. mugo and P. uliginosa with a very high probability.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2011, 65
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Additivity of ISSR markers in natural hybrids of related forest species Bromus benekenii and B. ramosus (Poaceae)
Autorzy:
Sutkowska, A.
Pasierbinski, A.
Baba, W.
Warzecha, T.
Mitka, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19091.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Opis:
The co-occurrence of hybrids and parental species in similar ecological niches poses a question on the role of traits additivity and overdispersion (emergence of new traits) in microevolutionary processes. We analysed genetic polymorphism of Bromus benekenii, B. ramosus and the spontaneous hybrid B. benekenii × B. ramosus in sympatric and allopatric parts of the species distribution in Europe, based on non-coding regions of the taxon genomes (ISSR genetic fingerprinting). We tested 68 individuals in 7 populations, including a hybrid population in N France. Altogether 233 polymorphic ISSR bands (loci) were obtained. We found that the parent species were genetically distinct and the hybrids had an additive pattern of ISSR bands found in the putative parental species (NMDS, STRUCTURE); however, there was evidence of introgression towards B. ramosus (NEWHYBRIDS, UPGMA classifications, Nei's D genetic distance). Bromus benekenii had 72, B. ramosus 21 and the hybrids 9 private bands (genetic overdispersion), probably resulting from the rearranged genomes. Based on its low genetic divergence index DW, the hybrid population seems to be at a young age. We argue that in the face of anthropogenic landscape transformations favouring secondary contacts, the hybrids may competitively replace the parental species in sympatric areas.
Źródło:
Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica; 2015, 57, 1
0001-5296
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cross-amplification and multiplexing of cpSSRs and nSSRs in two closely related pine species (Pinus sylvestris L. and P. mugo Turra)
Autorzy:
Żukowska, Weronika B.
Wójkiewicz, Błażej
Litkowiec, Monika
Wachowiak, Witold
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/957019.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
chloroplast microsatellites
dwarf mountain pine
hybridization
nuclear microsatellites
scots
pine
Opis:
Background: Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are widespread molecular markers commonly used in population genetic studies. Nowadays, next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods allow identifying thousands of SSRs in one sequencing run, which greatly facilitates isolation and development of new SSRs. However, their usefulness as molecular markers still must be tested empirically on a number of populations to select SSRs with best parameters for future population genetic research. An alternative approach, cheaper and faster than isolation and characterization of new SSRs, involves cross-amplification of SSRs in closely related species. Aims: Our goal was to develop multiplex PCR protocols that will be useful in population genetic studies of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and dwarf mountain pine (P. mugo Turra), and possibly other pine species. Methods: We tested 14 chloroplast (cpSSRs) and 22 nuclear (nSSRs) microsatellite markers originally designed for Japanese black pine (P. thunbergii Parl.), P. sylvestris and loblolly pine (P. taeda L.) in four populations of P. sylvestris and P. mugo across different locations in Europe. We designed six multiplex PCRs, which were subsequently screened for their ability to provide repeatable and high quality amplification products using capillary electrophoresis. Results: The transfer rate in our study was similar in both pine species, and it was very high for cpSSRs (93% and 86% for P. sylvestris and P. mugo, respectively) and moderate for nSSRs (59% for both species). We managed to design five well-performing multiplex reactions out of six initially tested. Most of the tested loci were polymorphic. Moreover, the allelic patterns detected at some cpSSRs were species-specific. Conclusions: We provide a set of five multiplexes which can be used in genetic studies of both P. sylvestris and P. mugo. Chloroplast marker PCP30277 is a good candidate for a cheap species diagnostic marker suitable for tracking interspecific gene flow between hybridizing species of P. sylvestris and P. mugo.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2017, 77; 59-64
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Różnice gatunkowe ssaków nieudomowionych w regulacji układu krążeniowo-oddechowego
Species-related differences in the cardio-vascular system regulation of some undomesticated mammals
Autorzy:
Gill, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1195635.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Przyrodników im. Kopernika
Opis:
Development of the knowledge about the animal blood circulation along with the classical methods used for blood pressure measurement are briefly described. It has been supposed that the arterial blood pressure may differ importantly in various undomesticated mammalian species, and also should be different from that existing in humans, but the experimental proofs were lacking. In the late fifties of XX century I have obtained an exceptional opportunity to perform the terminal experiments on the individual representatives of the mammals eliminated from exposition in the Polish ZOO gardens for different reasons. I was, therefore, able to test experimentally the reactivity of cardiovascular and respiratory systems on the exogenous vasoactive hormones (adrenaline A, noradrenaline NA and acetylcholine ACh) applied to the deeply anesthetized animals non-treated additionally and submitted to the 15-min infusion of the lactic acid (LA), simulating general hypoxia evoked by the muscular effort. Surprisingly, in several "athletic species", i.e. able to perform long-lasting running, represented here by bison and hare, reactivity of the cardio-vascular system to the adrenergic stimulation was high and neither changed during LA infusion nor after 15-min lasting recovery. On the other hand, in some other species, like deer, fallow deer or wild boar, a very high reactivity to A/NA seen already in the basal (pre-infusion) conditions, was strongly stimulated during LA-induced hypoxia, suggesting that in these species ability of the organism to perform long-lasting muscular effort (e.g. running without necessity to stop to take some rest) is possible due to the increased cardio-vascular reactivity to the adrenergic stimulation in the hypoxic conditions. Third way of the cardio-vascular reaction to the adrenergic stimulation was observed in "non-athletic species", e.g. in barbary sheep, in which high basal reaction to A treatment disappeared already after 6-min lasting LA infusion, was not observed at the end of 15-min lasting infusion and was not restored even during 15 min of recovery. To summarize, selected experimentally obtained data clearly indicate that the different mechanisms involved in the regulation of so important physiological function as blood pressure and respiration should be considered in the term of the life history of each species. It seems to be essential when one consider physiology/pathology of several undomesticated mammals, frequently submitted to the rearing and medical treatment in the ZOO gardens, and also should be useful for veterinary students professional formation.
Źródło:
Kosmos; 2010, 59, 1-2; 61-70
0023-4249
Pojawia się w:
Kosmos
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sex-related differences in the dioecious species Rumex thyrsiflorus Fingerh. – analysis of the content of phenolic constituents in leaf extracts
Autorzy:
Dziedzic, K.
Szopa, A.
Waligorski, P.
Ekiert, H.
Slesak, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2117817.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
Rumex thyrsiflorus
thyrse sorrel
dioecy
sex-related differences
sexual dimorphism in
plants
phenolic compounds
phytochemical analysis
HPLC-DAD
Opis:
Rumex thyrsiflorus Fingerh. is mentioned as a European folk medicinal plant. This species has also been traditionally used as an edible plant in Eastern Europe because of its nutritional value. During the study, qualitative and quantitative sex-related differences of phenolic constituents in methanolic leaf extracts of R. thyrsiflorus were evaluated. The presence of the same substances (nine phenolic acids before, and six phenolic acids after acid hydrolysis, nine flavonoids, and a catechin) was estimated in both female and male specimens, using the HPLC-DAD method. A statistically significant higher content of eleven constituents in female plant extracts (acids: chlorogenic, p-coumaric, cryptochlorogenic, gallic, protocatechuic, neochlorogenic, vanillic; flavonoids: quercitrin, rhamnetin, rutoside; and a catechin) was shown. This is the first report concerning the relation between the sex and the content of biologically active phenolic secondary metabolites in leaf extracts of R. thyrsiflorus. Female plants of R. thyrsiflorus could be useful for pharmaceutical purposes as a preferential source of bioactive phenolic acids, flavonoids and especially catechin.
Źródło:
Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica; 2020, 62, 1; 43-50
0001-5296
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wplyw antropopresji na sklad flory gatunkow naczyniowych fitocenoz zwiazanych siedliskowo z trasami szlakow turystycznych Swietokrzyskiego Parku Narodowego
The influence of human impact on the composition of the flora of vascular species related by habitats to the tourist trails of Swietokrzyski National Park
Autorzy:
Sikorski, M
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/882839.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Leśny Zakład Doświadczalny. Centrum Edukacji Przyrodniczo-Leśnej w Rogowie
Tematy:
parki narodowe
Swietokrzyski Park Narodowy
Gory Swietokrzyskie
Swieta Katarzyna
antropopresja
flora
rosliny naczyniowe
synantropizacja roslin
szlaki turystyczne
rosliny synantropijne
ruch turystyczny
zagrozenia przyrody
Opis:
Szczególne znaczenie parków narodowych w kontekście zadań, jakie one spełniają ma ochrona walorów naturalnego krajobrazu danego parku. Mimo stosowania różnych form sterowania ruchem turystycznym, intensywność eksploatacji szlaków turystycznych, nierzadko przekracza możliwości samoregeneracji zarówno niszczonej szaty roślinnej jak i jej naturalnych siedlisk życiowych. Należy podkreślić, iż szlak turystyczny – intensywnie i permanentnie uczęszczany stanowi obraz trwałego odkształcenia niegdyś istniejącej w strefie jego aktualnego przebiegu, naturalnej przyrody. Stanowi otwartą promenadę, po której swobodnie przemieszczają się ekspansywne gatunki synantropijne rodzimego pochodzenia (apofity). Stanowią one zasadniczo podstawowy skład fitocenoz dywanowych ŚPN w skład, których wchodzą min.: życica trwała Lolium perenne, babka zwyczajna Plantago major i często także lancetowata P. lanceolata, wiechlina roczna Poa annua, rdest ptasi Polygonum aviculare. Na trasie szlaków i w ich strefach wlotowych w otoczeniu leśnym dość często obserwujemy agregacyjny zespół panującej w płatach wiechliny rocznej Poetum annuae. Miarą intensywności odkształceń cech naturalnych, zwłaszcza ekosystemów leśnych i zaroślowych jest przede wszystkim obecność gatunków obcego pochodzenia (antropofitów), a zwłaszcza inwazyjnych nowych przybyszów (kenofitów). Bardzo liczna ich grupa jest obecnie całkowicie zadomowiana w polskiej florze. Należą tu m. in. takie rośliny zielne jak: nawłocie – Solidago – kanadyjska S. canadensis i olbrzymia S. gigantea, konyza kanadyjska Conyza canadensis, tasznik pospolity Capsella bursa-pastoris, a z drzew: robinia akacjowa Robinia pseudacacia, kasztanowiec zwyczajny Aesculus hippocastanus, klon jesionolistny Acer negundo i wiele innych gatunków. Roślinność towarzysząca szlakom turystycznym w znacznej części związana jest ze zbiorowiskami borowymi, przez które biegną szlaki na leśnym terenie ŚPN. Do najczęstszych zbiorowisk należy tu zaliczyć: wyżynny jodłowy bór mieszany wariant z jeżyną gruczołowatą Rubus hirtus, wyżynny jodłowy bór mieszany wariant typowy, środkowopolski bór mieszany wariant z jodła pospolitą Abies alba, środkowopolski bór mieszany wariant z modrzewiem europejskim polskim Larix decidua subsp. polonica. Na takich obszarach widoczna jest ekspansja na szlaki turystyczne światłolubnych gatunków runa z otaczających je fitocenoz leśnych. Proces migracji takich roślin zaznacza się wyraźnie, zwłaszcza na miejscach świetlistych bez okapu koron drzew, nieco trawiastych, zajętych głównie przez fitocenozy wydeptywane. W związku z bardzo dużym natężeniem turystycznym bezpośrednie otoczenie szlaków i sama powierzchnia duktów odznacza się obfitszym występowaniem niektórych antropofitów tj.: niecierpek drobnokwiatowy Impatiens parviflora, grusza pospolita Pyrus communis, a także obecnością uciekinierów z upraw: owies zwyczajny Avena sativa czy rzepak Brassica napus var. oleifera, pszenica zwyczajna Triticum aestivum, pszenżyto x Triticale rimpaui. Poczynione obserwacje pozwalają stwierdzić, że istnieje wyraźna korelacja między intensywnością permanentnego ruchu turystycznego a zakresem i specyfiką zmian degradacyjnych zachodzących w płatach naturalnej roślinności leśnej i jej siedliskach życiowych, zwłaszcza w strefach przylegających do szlaków.
A particularly important function of national parks is the protection of the beauty of the natural scenery in a given park. In spite of various forms of tourist traffic management, tourist trail exploitation is often too intense for self-regeneration of the damaged vegetation and its natural habitats. It should be emphasised that a tourist trail which is extensively and permanently used, reflects a permanent deformation of natural flora and fauna that once featured its area. It constitutes an open route for free movement of expansive indigenous synanthropic species (apophytes). They constitute a basic part of the carpet plant colonies of ŚPN, with plants such as perennial ryegrass Lolium perenne, greater plantain Plantago major, often ribwort plantain P. lanceolata, annual meadow grass Poa annua, and common knotgrass Polygonum aviculare. Along the trails as well as at their opening areas, aggregations of meadow grass Poëtum annuae can often be observed in dominant patches. The measure of the intensity of deformations of natural characteristics, especially in forest ecosystems and thickets, is above all, the presence of non-native species (anthropophytes), mainly new invading species (kenophytes). A numerous group of such species is currently fully domesticated in the Polish flora. This category includes plants such as: Canada goldenrod Solidago canadensis and early goldenrod S. gigantea, Canadian horseweed Conyza Canadensis, shepherd’s purse Capsella bursa-pastoris, and such trees as: black locust Robinia pseudacacia, horse chestnut Aesculus hippocastanus, maple ash Acer negundo and many others. Plants accompanying tourist trails are related to a great extent with forest communities along the trails of ŚPN. The most typical communities are: upland fir mixed forest, a variant with Rubus hirtus, upland fir mixed forest, a typical variant, central Poland mixed forest, a variant with European silver fir Abies alba, central Poland mixed forest, a variant with Polish larch Larix decidua subsp. Polonica. In such areas it is easy to observe the expansion of light-loving species of the undergrowth and surrounding forest vegetation on tourist trails. The process of migration of such plants is clearly visible, especially in areas full of light, without a canopy of tree crowns, a little grassy and colonised mainly by trampled plants. Due to very high tourist traffic, the direct environment of the trails and the surface of their paths features more antropophytes of some species, such as small balsam Impatiens parrviflora, European pear Pyrus communis, as well as some crop plants such as the common oat Avena sativa, rape Brassica napus var. oleifera, common wheat Triticum aestivum, and rimpau's triticale x Triticale rimpaui. To conclude, there is a clear correlation between the intensity of permanent tourist traffic and the range and character of deformation changes occurring in the colonies of natural forest plants and their natural habitats, especially in the zones adjacent to tourist trails.
Źródło:
Studia i Materiały Centrum Edukacji Przyrodniczo-Leśnej; 2009, 11, 4[23]; 246-252
1509-1414
Pojawia się w:
Studia i Materiały Centrum Edukacji Przyrodniczo-Leśnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Functional traits related to environmental divergence in combination with phylogenetic relationship of Picea species
Autorzy:
Wang, M.
Wang, J.
Zhang, A.
Zhang, X.
Sun, S.
Zhao, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2077949.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
δ13C
P50
Picea
seeva
quantitative convergence index
Opis:
Background: Plants have adapted to fine-scale environmental heterogeneity through ecologically important traits, leading to new lineages. This suggests that differentiation of important traits has been beneficial to habitat partitioning among closely related species. However, the pattern of ecological divergences and differentiation of functional traits in combination with phylogenetic relationships have not been widely examined. Material and methods: To illustrate the pattern of ecological divergences of nine Picea species, spatial evolutionary and ecological vicariance analysis (seeva) was used to quantify and test the divergence between sister lineages. Five functional traits were measured in a common garden experiment. For all traits the quantitative convergence index (QVI) was determined. Furthermore, their relationships with divergent environmental variables were analyzed in the context of phylogenetic relationships. Results: Temperature variables (maximum temperature of warmest month and temperature annual range) split at basal nodes and precipitation variables (annual precipitation and precipitation of driest quarter) split at terminal nodes. Conservative traits were leaf mass per area (LMA) and net photosynthetic rate (Pn), which reflected selective retention when ancestors suffered cold environmental separation. Meanwhile, linear stomatal density (LSD), carbon-13 isotope ratio (δ13C) and water potential at 50% loss of hydraulic conductivity (P50) were convergent between species, but only P50 exhibited adaption to different precipitation conditions. The nine Picea species exhibit a distinct environmental divergence pattern. LMA and Pn were selectively retained when their ancestors were subjected to cold environmental separation. P50 was an important trait with respect to adaptation to precipitation differences. This research provided a new way of expounding the correlation between environment, functional traits and phylogeny, deepening our understanding of environmental divergence, trait differentiation and speciation.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2018, 80; 131-142
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ptica u hrvatskome prezimenskome mozaiku
Bird-related Component of Croatian Surnames
Autorzy:
Lasić, Josip
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1890650.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-09-22
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Croatian surnames
zoonims
ornithonym
bird species
genus of birds
Opis:
Findings of the previous research suggest that, although the first records of surnames on the territory of the contemporary Republic of Croatia date back to the 12th century, it is with the Council of Trent (1545–1563) that they became increasingly and extensively used (Frančić, 2015, 229). As far as contemporary surnames are concerned, their structure is regarded to be well established and easily detectable. Their frequency and distribution have also been the topics of much of previous research. Namely, the 2011 census showed that over thirty-three thousand surnames were registered in the Republic of Croatia. For the purposes of this paper, a group of surnames with a bird-related component – ornithonyms – has been singled out from the abovementioned list. The analysed corpus, consisting of approximately three hundred surnames with a component related to bird species, subspecies of groups, is of particular importance since, due to a number of linguistic and non-linguistic obstacles to the creation of a unique “bird” corpus, this interesting group of Croatian surnames has not been sufficiently described by Croatian linguists so far.
Źródło:
Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne; 2021, 20; 123-139
2084-3011
Pojawia się w:
Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 23

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