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    Tytuł:
    Phase Shifted Pulse Height Modulated Motor Control for Multiply Actuated Joints to Optimize Operating Characteristics
    Autorzy:
    Siedel, T.
    Bethge, S.
    Hild, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/385220.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Automatyki i Pomiarów
    Tematy:
    multiple actuators
    model-free
    frictrion compensation
    pulse modulation
    Opis:
    In this article, we propose two model free control schemes that are based on pulse height modulation using low frequencies with the goal to compensate normal friction effects in drive trains that negatively influence the performance of e.g. a standard PID controller. The first control scheme uses pulse height modulation to especially compensate stick slip effects but increases vibration and noise in the drive train. To reduce such side effects a modified phase shifed pulse height control scheme based on multiple actuated joints is introduced. Both control schemes are compared with a standard linear controller as reference and evaluated by using six quality criteria.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems; 2016, 10, 2; 15-24
    1897-8649
    2080-2145
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Broadband power electronics controlled current source with analogue control section and output stage based on GaN transistors
    Autorzy:
    Gwóźdź, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/377021.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Poznańska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej
    Tematy:
    converter control
    GaN transistor
    interleaved technique
    pulse modulation
    Opis:
    The paper presents the conception of the power electronics controlled current source based on the sigma–delta modulator (SDM). Due to very high frequency of the SDM output bit stream, in the power stage of inverter the gallium-nitride (GaN) transistors are used. In these circumstances even efficient DSPs are unable, due to limitation of its pass–band of the control path, to obtain right parameters of the output current regulator. So, the regulator is done in the fully analogue manner. As result of these the value of distortions of the inverter output current is much lower, compared to the typical, PWM based, solutions. This benefit is not paid significantly by increase in the system complexity. In work the converter operation basics and results of its simulation model studies are presented.
    Źródło:
    Poznan University of Technology Academic Journals. Electrical Engineering; 2017, 91; 55-61
    1897-0737
    Pojawia się w:
    Poznan University of Technology Academic Journals. Electrical Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Application of the FPAA to Sample Input Signal for Laboratory Exercise: Pulse Amplitude Modulation
    Autorzy:
    Grzechca, Damian
    Chruszczyk, Lukas
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/227335.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    field programmable analog array (FPAA)
    signal processing
    pulse amplitude modulation (PAM)
    student laboratory
    Opis:
    This paper presents exemplary exercise on the fundamentals of signal processing course which is offered for second year bachelor level students. Application of Field Programmable Analog Array (FPAA) for pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) exercise is described with signal processing laboratory. There are presented two methods for implementing PAM modulation and demodulation technique in FPAA module. Example configuration files are available form Authors’ web site.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2020, 66, 1; 25-28
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena narażenia pracowników na promieniowanie mikrofalowe wytwarzane przez radary
    Assessment of workers exposure to microwave radiation generated by radars
    Autorzy:
    Kieliszek, Jarosław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/23352068.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    radary
    promieniowanie mikrofalowe
    modulacja impulsowa
    narażenie na impulsowe pole mikrofalowe
    radars
    microwave radiation
    pulse modulation
    exposure to pulsed microwave field
    Opis:
    W pracy przedstawiono specyfikację urządzeń radiolokacyjnych wytwarzających silne, impulsowe pola mikrofalowe oraz określono narażenie pracowników na ten typ promieniowania elektromagnetycznego. Przedstawiono również uwarunkowania metrologiczne realizacji pomiarów impulsowego promieniowania mikrofalowego emitowanego przez radary. Przedstawiono międzynarodowe rekomendacje dotyczące limitowania natężenia pola elektrycznego. Zostały również przedstawione uwarunkowania krajowych limitów ustanowione w przepisach oraz zaproponowano ujednolicone podejście do metrologii impulsowego pola mikrofalowego.
    In the work the specification of radar devices emitting strong, pulsed microwave fields and the exposure conditions of workers have been presented. One presented analyses of international rules of the protection of workers exposed to this radiation type. The Polish conditionings of rules of the safety of workers exposed to pulsed microwave field have been described and the unified approach to the metrology of the pulsed microwave field was proposed.
    Źródło:
    Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy; 2022, 4 (114); 39--52
    1231-868X
    Pojawia się w:
    Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Space vector pulse width modulation for high-speed induction motor implemented in Nios II softcore processor
    Autorzy:
    Chojowski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1193550.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    induction motor
    FPGA
    softcore processor
    Opis:
    The purpose of the article was to present the idea of space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) and implementation in Nios II softcore processor. The SVPWM module was described in a classical method in hardware description language both as an independent structure and as an additional component to softcore processor. The available methods were compared, and the experiment was carried out in the laboratory to test implemented SVPWM algorithm using high-speed induction motor.
    Źródło:
    Power Electronics and Drives; 2018, 3, 38; 99-107
    2451-0262
    2543-4292
    Pojawia się w:
    Power Electronics and Drives
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Trellis Coded 4-ary PAM using Distance-Preserving Mapping
    Autorzy:
    Shongwe, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226278.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    distance-preserving mappings
    hamming distance
    euclidean distance
    pulse amplitude modulation
    Opis:
    A trellis coded 4-ary Pulse Amplitude Modulation (4-PAM) is presented, where the encoding algorithm is derived from Distance Preserving Mapping (DPM) algorithm. In this work, we modify the DPM algorithm for 4-PAM and obtain a new construction for mapping binary sequences to permutation sequences, where the permutation sequences are obtained by permuting symbols of a 4-PAM constellation. The resulting codebook of permutation sequences formed this way are termed mappings. We also present several metrics for assessing the performance of the mappings from our construction, and we show that a metric called the Sum of Product of Distances (SOPD) is the best metric to use when judging the performance of the mappings. Finally, performance results are presented, where the mappings from our construction are compared against each other and also against the conventional mappings in the literature.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2018, 64, 4; 527-533
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Permutation Coding with Injections for Modified PAM System
    Autorzy:
    Ogunyanda, Opeyemi O.
    Shongwe, Thokozani
    Swart, Theo G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226518.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    injection
    permutation codes
    power line communications
    pulse amplitude modulation
    jitter
    Opis:
    Arriving at a good combination of coding and modulation schemes that can achieve good error correction constitutes a challenge in digital communication systems. In this work, we explore the combination of permutation coding (PC) and pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) for mitigating channel errors in the presence of background noise and jitter. Since PAM is characterised with bi-polar constellations, Euclidean distance is a good choice for predicting the performance of such coded modulation setup. In order to address certain challenges facing PCs, we therefore introduce injections in the coding system, together with a modified form of PAM system. This modification entails constraining the PAM constellations to the size of the codeword’s symbol. The results obtained demonstrate the strength of the modified coded PAM system over the conventional PC coded PAM system.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2020, 66, 3; 399-404
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Impact of the pulse width modulation on the temperature distribution in the armature of a solenoid valve
    Autorzy:
    Goraj, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/266168.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
    Tematy:
    solenoid valve
    armature
    inductive power
    PWM
    temperature
    elektrozawór
    armatura
    zasilanie indukcyjne
    Opis:
    In order to estimate the inductive power set in the armature of the high-speed solenoid valve (HSV) during the open loop control (OLC) using pulse width modulation (PWM) an analytical explicit formula has been derived. The simplifications taken both in the geometry and in the physical behavior of the HSV were described. The inductive power was calculated for different boundary conditions and shown as a function of the frequency of the coil current. The power set in the armature was used as an input to the thermal calculation. The thermal calculation had an objective to estimate the time dependent temperature distribution in the armature of the HSV. All the derivation steps were presented and the influence of different boundary conditions was shown and discussed. The increase of the temperature during the heating with inductive power has been evaluated both in the core and on the side surface of the HSV.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering; 2015, 20, 4; 773-786
    1734-4492
    2353-9003
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Averaged models of pulse-modulated DC-DC power converters. Part I. Discussion of standard methods
    Autorzy:
    Janke, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/140859.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    power converters
    pulse width modulation (PWM)
    BUCK
    BOOST
    buck-boost
    averaged models
    Opis:
    The averaged models of switch-mode DC-DC power converters are discussed. Two methods of averaged model derivation are considered - the first, based on statespace averaging and the second, on the switch averaging approach. The simplest converters: BUCK, BOOST and BUCK-BOOST working in CCM (continuous conduction mode) or DCM are taken as examples in detailed considerations. Apart from the ideal converters, the more realistic case of converters with parasitic resistances is analyzed. The switch averaging approach is used more frequently than the other and is believed to be more convenient in practical applications. It is shown however, that in the deriving the averaged models based on the switch-averaging approach, some informalities have been made, which may be the source of errors in the case of converters with parasitic resistances, or working in DCM mode.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2012, 61, 4; 609-631
    1427-4221
    2300-2506
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Electrical Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Averaged models of pulse-modulated DC-DC power converters. Part II. Models based on the separation of variables
    Autorzy:
    Janke, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/140855.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    power converters
    pulse width modulation (PWM)
    BUCK
    buck-boost
    BOOST
    averaged models
    Opis:
    The separation of variables approach to formulate the averaged models of DC-DC switch-mode power converters is presented in the paper. The proposed method is applied to basic converters such as BUCK, BOOST and BUCK-BOOST. The ideal converters or converters with parasitic resistances, working in CCM and in DCM mode are considered. The models are presented in the form of equation systems for large signal, steady-state and small-signal case. It is shown, that the models obtained by separation of variables approach differ in some situations from standard models based on switch averaging method.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2012, 61, 4; 633-654
    1427-4221
    2300-2506
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Electrical Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Design of a Class-D Audio Amplifier With Analog Volume Control for Mobile Applications
    Autorzy:
    El Khadiri, K.
    Qjidaa, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226924.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    class D amplifier
    analog volume control
    pulse width modulation (PWM)
    ramp generator
    Opis:
    A class-D audio amplifier with analog volume control (AVC) for portable applications is proposed in this paper. The proposed class-D consist of two sections. First section is an analog volume control which consists of an integrator, an analog MUX and a programmable gain amplifier (PGA). The AVC is implemented with three analog inputs (Audio, Voice, FM). Second section is a driver which consists of a ramp generator, a comparator, a level shifter and a gate driver. The driver is designed to obtain a low distortion and a high efficiency. Designed with 0.18 um 1P6M CMOS technology, the class-D audio amplifier with AVC achieves a total root-mean-square (RMS) output power of 0.5W, a total harmonic distortion plus noise (THD+N) at the 8-Ω load less than 0.06% and a power efficiency of 90% with a total area of 1.74 mm2.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2016, 62, 2; 187-198
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ metody akwizycji sygnałów częstotliwościowych na dokładność pomiaru
    Effect of the method of frequency signal acquisition on the measurement accuracy
    Autorzy:
    Świsulski, D.
    Pawłowski, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/155228.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
    Tematy:
    akwizycja sygnałów
    sygnał impulsowy modulowany częstotliwościowo
    signal acquisition
    pulse frequency modulation signal
    Opis:
    W artykule przedstawiono metody przetwarzania impulsowego sygnału częstotliwościowego. Opisane metody pozwalają na odtworzenie wartości wielkości mierzonej w stałych odstępach czasu w trybie on-line i off-line. Przeprowadzono symulację pomiaru prędkości obrotowej przetwornikiem obrotowo-impulsowym, wyznaczając wartości błędu pomiaru i efektywnej liczby bitów. Wykazano mniejszą wartość błędu i większą wartość efektywnej liczby bitów dla metody wykorzystującej dwa przedziały między-impulsowe.
    Methods for processing a frequency-modulated pulse signal are presented in this paper. The methods allow acquiring information about the frequency of a pulse signal with constant sampling frequency. These methods, depending on the time instant for which the measurement result is determined, can be divided into two groups. In measurements on-line the measured value is determined based only on the position of pulses preceding the moment of measurement. The method in which the measured value is determined from the last period and that in which the measured value is determined from extrapolation of two last periods (Fig. 1) are described. In measurements off-line, first there is saved the location of all pulses in the time of recording, and after there is determined the value measured in the assumed moments of the measurement. Therefore, in this case the measured value is determined not only by the position of pulses before the moment of measurement, but also those occurring after this time. The method in which the measured value is determined from the current period and that in which the measured value is determined from interpolation of two periods (Fig. 2) are described in the paper. The accuracy of conversion is determined by a relative error or the number of bits, and thus by the resolution. The noise added to the useful signal has a significant impact on the processing accuracy in real measurements. Therefore the ENOB (Effective Number of Bits), the number of digital signal bits above the noise, is more useful than the resolution. The paper presents examples of simulation results for speed measurements (Tables 1, 2). As it can be seen from the results, increase in the standard generator frequency allows increasing the effective number of bits only to a certain limit. Further increase in the frequency does not increase the ENOB value due to the noise being a result of the method used.
    Źródło:
    Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2013, R. 59, nr 4, 4; 357-359
    0032-4140
    Pojawia się w:
    Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Single-source three-phase switched-capacitor-based MLI
    Autorzy:
    Jena, Kasinath
    Gupta, Krishna Kumar
    Bhatnagar, Pallavee
    Jain, Sanjay K.
    Stala, Robert
    Waradzyn, Zbigniew
    Piróg, Stanisław
    Penczek, Adam
    Mondzik, Andrzej
    Skała, Aleksander
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2175942.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    multilevel inverter
    switched capacitor
    multicarrier pulse width modulation
    cost function
    ANPC inverter
    Opis:
    This article proposes a novel three-phase inverter based on the concept of switched capacitors (SCs), which uses a single DC source. A three-phase, seven-level line-to-line output voltage waveform is synthesised by the proposed topology, which includes eight switches, two capacitors, and one diode per phase leg. The proposed topology offers advantages in terms of inherent voltage gain, lower voltage stresses on power switches, and a reduced number of switching components. Additionally, the switched capacitors are self-balanced, thereby eliminating the need for a separate balancing circuit. The proposed structure and its operating principle, the self-balancing mechanism of the capacitors, and the control strategy are all thoroughly explained in the article. The proposed topology has also been compared with some recent SC topologies. Lastly, the proposed topology has been shown to be feasible through simulation and experimentation.
    Źródło:
    Power Electronics and Drives; 2022, 7, 42; 197--209
    2451-0262
    2543-4292
    Pojawia się w:
    Power Electronics and Drives
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    DC-link voltage balancing in cascaded H-Bridge converters
    Autorzy:
    Lewicki, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/141491.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    cascaded H-Bridge converter
    DC-link voltage balancing
    space-vector pulse width modulation
    Opis:
    In this paper a DC-link voltage balancing strategy for multilevel Cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) converter is proposed. Presented solution bases on optimal choice of active vector durations in Space-Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SV-PWM). It makes it possible to DC-link voltages control and to properly generate the output voltage vector in the case of DC-link voltage unbalance. Results of simulation and experimental researches on proposed control strategy are presented in the paper.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2014, 63, 3; 439-455
    1427-4221
    2300-2506
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Electrical Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dimming control schemes combining IEEE 802.15.7 and SC-LPPM modulation schemes with an adaptive M-QAM OFDM for indoor LOS VLC systems
    Autorzy:
    Mohammed, Nazmi A.
    Badawi, Kareem A.
    Khalaf, Ashraf A. M.
    El-Rabaie, El-Sayed
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818230.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Elektryków Polskich
    Tematy:
    visible light communication
    sub-carrier pulse position modulation
    lightning topologies
    bit error rate
    Opis:
    The presented work proposes a new dimming control schemes for indoor visible light communication which combines variable pulse-position modulation, colour shift keying as key schemes of IEEE 802.15.7 standard, and sub carrier-pulse-position modulation as a pulse-position modulation variant with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. These schemes are then compared with traditional merging schemes utilizing pulse-width modulation and multiple pulse-position modulation with m-ary quadrature amplitude modulation OFDM. The proposed schemes are investigated in a typical room with a different lighting layout (i.e., distinctive and uniform lighting layout), followed by an illumination investigation to evaluate the performance of the proposed schemes, especially the enhanced achieved data rates, and to determine their limitations as reliable visible light communication systems that can satisfy both communication and illumination requirements.
    Źródło:
    Opto-Electronics Review; 2020, 28, 4; 203--212
    1230-3402
    Pojawia się w:
    Opto-Electronics Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Investigation on Control Strategies for a Single-Phase Photovoltaic Inverter Using PSCAD/EMTDC Software
    Autorzy:
    Henz, Cristiano Luiz
    Gasparin, Fabiano Perin
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1956010.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    DC/DC converter
    DC/AC converter
    photovoltaic module
    pulse width modulation
    solar energy
    Opis:
    In the last decades, electric power produced through photovoltaic conversion has been increasing because of the need to reduce fossil fuel burning. Recently, photovoltaic systems have become more competitive and their role in the renewable energies market share is steadily gaining in importance. Improvements in the power electronics employed in the DC/AC conversion are topics of interest in the quest for more efficient and eventually reduced-cost inverters. The goal of this paper is to perform an investigation of control strategies and propose a topology for a single-phase DC/AC converter for photovoltaic arrays using the simulation software Power System Computer Aided Design/Electromagnetic Transient Design and Control (PSCAD/EMTDC). The circuit proposed in this paper employs an isolating transformer to a grid-connected photovoltaic inverter. The control strategy proposed uses the instantaneous reactive power theory (p–q theory) and phase-locked loop (PLL). The p-q theory uses two virtual axes in the Park Transformation, which provide to the control system a good dynamic response, accuracy, and decoupling between the control and power system. Computer simulations using the electromagnetic transient software PSCAD show the efficiency of the proposed strategy for a single-phase inverter. The control strategy and topology are quite simple and easy to implement in the future using a Digital Signal Processor (DSP). The results provide insights into new power electronics solutions, which can improve the efficiency and efficacy of the current available in DC/AC converters for photovoltaic systems.
    Źródło:
    Power Electronics and Drives; 2021, 6, 41; 75-99
    2451-0262
    2543-4292
    Pojawia się w:
    Power Electronics and Drives
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dimming control schemes combining IEEE 802.15.7 and SC-LPPM modulation schemes with an adaptive M-QAM OFDM for indoor LOS VLC systems
    Autorzy:
    Mohammed, Nazmi A.
    Badawi, Kareem A.
    Khalaf, Ashraf A. M.
    El-Rabaie, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818236.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Elektryków Polskich
    Tematy:
    visible light communication
    sub-carrier pulse position modulation
    lightning topologies
    bit error rate
    Opis:
    The presented work proposes a new dimming control schemes for indoor visible light communication which combines variable pulse-position modulation, colour shift keying as key schemes of IEEE 802.15.7 standard, and sub carrier-pulse-position modulation as a pulse-position modulation variant with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. These schemes are then compared with traditional merging schemes utilizing pulse-width modulation and multiple pulse-position modulation with m-ary quadrature amplitude modulation OFDM. The proposed schemes are investigated in a typical room with a different lighting layout (i.e., distinctive and uniform lighting layout), followed by an illumination investigation to evaluate the performance of the proposed schemes, especially the enhanced achieved data rates, and to determine their limitations as reliable visible light communication systems that can satisfy both communication and illumination requirements.
    Źródło:
    Opto-Electronics Review; 2020, 28, 4; 203--212
    1230-3402
    Pojawia się w:
    Opto-Electronics Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ergodic Channel Capacity of PPM-Coded Optical MIMO Communications Under Combined Effects
    Autorzy:
    Cao, Minghua
    Zhang, Yue
    Kang, Zhongjiang
    Wang, Huiqin
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1844525.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    atmospheric channel
    ergodic channel capacity
    pulse position modulation
    spatial correlation
    optical wireless communication
    Opis:
    The ergodic channel capacity of wireless optical multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system with pulse position modulation (PPM) is investigated. The combined effects of atmospheric turbulence, atmospheric attenuation, pointing error and channel spatial correlation are taken into consideration. The expression of ergodic channel capacity is derived, and is further performed by Wilkinson approximation method for simplicity. The simulation results indicated that the strong spatial correlation has the greatest influence on the ergodic channel capacity, followed by pointing errors and atmospheric turbulence. Moreover, the ergodic channel capacity growth brought by space diversity only performs well under independent and weakly correlated channels. Properly increasing the size and spacing of the receiving apertures is an effective means of effectively increasing the ergodic channel capacity.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2021, 67, 3; 431-436
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Symulacja przetworników z wyjściowym sygnałem impulsowym modulowanym częstotliwościowo
    Simulation of transducers with pulse frequency modulated output signal
    Autorzy:
    Świsulski, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/155982.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
    Tematy:
    sygnał impulsowy modulowany częstotliwościowo
    generator sygnału impulsowego
    pulse frequency modulation signal
    pulse signal generator
    Opis:
    Tematem artykułu jest generacja sygnałów impulsowych modulowanych częstotliwościowo. Przedstawiono metodę wyznaczenia położenia kolejnych impulsów sygnału dla przykładowych przebiegów. Podano możliwości realizacji metody w postaci przyrządu wirtualnego oraz urządzenia mikroprocesorowego. Przedstawione metody mogą być wykorzystane do symulacji przetworników pomiarowych z wyjściem częstotliwościowym w trakcie testowania systemów pomiarowych.
    The subject of the paper is generation of frequency-modulated pulse signals. The method for determining the position of a next pulse signal, e.g. linear, exponential and sinusoidal waveforms, is presented in this paper. Location of the next pulse at time instant ti is determined in such a way that the inverse of the time interval between that pulse and the previous one in time ti-1 is equal to the transducer sensitivity multiplied by the average value of the measured interval between time instances ti-1 and ti (Fig. 1). From equation (6), (8) or (11) one calculates the instances of appearing the output pulses from the generator. The paper shows feasibility of the method in the form of a virtual instrument (computer equipped with acquisition module and time-counter element) and a microprocessor unit (Fig. 3). In Section 4 the impact of the quantization error on the accuracy is discussed. The experimental results (Fig. 4) confirmed that this error had the greatest impact on the accuracy of determining time between the pulses. The presented method can be used for simulations of transducers with frequency output during tests of measurement systems.
    Źródło:
    Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2011, R. 57, nr 12, 12; 1528-1530
    0032-4140
    Pojawia się w:
    Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of PWM to trajectory accuracy in mobile robot motion
    Autorzy:
    Beniak, R.
    Pyka, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/384557.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Automatyki i Pomiarów
    Tematy:
    mobile robot control
    kinematic and dynamic control
    castor sliding wheel
    pulse width modulation (PWM)
    Opis:
    The paper compares simulation results for direct and PWM control of DC motors in a tri-wheel mobile robot with a castor sliding wheel. Our aim was to determine to what extent PWM control changes the trajectory accuracy. For this purpose, we compare kinematic and dynamic control. To make the model more realistic, we considered the impact of viscous and rolling friction of driving wheels on the motion along the trajectory. We conclude that dynamic control is of higher quality as compared to kinematic control, and that there is a significant impact of PWM control on the trajectory accuracy.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems; 2012, 6, 4; 50-56
    1897-8649
    2080-2145
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Development and tests of PWM amplifier for driving the piezoelectric elements
    Autorzy:
    Matiulko, J.
    Poźniak, T.
    Przygoda, K.
    Grecki, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/397949.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Łódzka. Wydział Mikroelektroniki i Informatyki
    Tematy:
    wzmacniacz PWM (modulacja szerokości impulsu)
    piezoelektryczne elementy
    PWM (pulse width modulation) amplifier
    piezoelectric elements
    Opis:
    The paper describes the design and research work carried out to prepare the prototype of pulse amplifier. The work was aimed to describe main operational parameters of PWM amplifiers enabling using them to control the piezoelectric actuators used for active compensation of Lorentz force detuning of superconducting cavities.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Microelectronics and Computer Science; 2010, 1, 1; 69-72
    2080-8755
    2353-9607
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Microelectronics and Computer Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Metody symulacji przetwornika z impulsowym sygnałem wyjściowym modulowanym częstotliwościowo
    Simulation methods for the converter with a pulse frequency modulated output signal
    Autorzy:
    Pawłowski, E.
    Świsulski, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/154435.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
    Tematy:
    sygnał impulsowy modulowany częstotliwościowo
    symulacja sygnału impulsowego
    pulse frequency modulation signal
    simulation of pulse signal
    Opis:
    W artykule przedstawiono porównanie zaproponowanych przez autorów metod symulacji wyjściowego sygnału impulsowego przetwornika napięcieczęstotliwość U/F. Pierwsza z analizowanych metod oparta jest na modelu fizycznym przetwornika, druga na jego równaniu matematycznym. Mimo odmiennego podejścia otrzymano zbliżone wyniki. W pierwszej metodzie uzyskano wyniki obarczone błędami kwantowania o rozkładzie jak w rzeczywistym układzie pomiarowym. W drugiej metodzie wyniki są dokładniejsze, ale nie są związane z techniczną realizacją układu pomiarowego.
    In measurement engineering, while processing any quantities into digital form, frequency-modulated impulse signals are often used as intermediate signals. During actuation or monitoring of measurement systems with such sensors it is necessary to have an impulse signal correspondent with the signal from the converter during normal operation. That is why there are being developed the methods which allow generating an impulse signal correspondent to the signal from the converter, when taking into account the changes of the measured quantity in accordance with the adopted characteristics. The paper presents a comparison of the methods for simulating the output impulse signal proposed by the authors, on the example of a voltage-to-frequency U/F converter. The first analyzed method, described in Section 2, is based on a physical model of the converter, while the second, presented in Section 3, is based on its mathematical equation. In spite of the difference of approaches, very similar results were obtained - they are given in Section 4. The advantage of the first method is the acquisition of results encumbered with quantization errors of the distribution precisely the same as in an actual measurement system (Fig. 2). The second method allows acquiring more precise results, which reflect the actual location of subsequent impulses. However, they are not related to any specific technical implementation of the measurement system. The selection of the method depends on the purpose of the simulation of the frequency signal, e.g. researching quantization errors, testing algorithms of increasing the effective resolution of the measurement chain or testing the characteristics of the algorithms of digital processing of frequency signals.
    Źródło:
    Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2014, R. 60, nr 8, 8; 599-602
    0032-4140
    Pojawia się w:
    Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Grid-Tied Neutral Point Clamped based Centralised Photovoltaic Inverter with Improved DC Link Voltage Balancing and Harmonic Minimisation Control
    Autorzy:
    Bhowmick, Supratik
    Mukherjee, Debranjan
    Maiti, Suman
    Chakraborty, Chandan
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955983.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    photovoltaic multilevel inverter
    neutral point voltage balancing
    space vector pulse width modulation
    current harmonic minimisation
    Opis:
    This paper proposes an improved space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) based DC link voltage balancing control of a three-phase three-level neutral point clamped (NPC) centralised inverter supplying the generated power from photo voltaic (PV) array to a three-phase utility grid. Two possible schemes have been developed based on the power conversion stage between PV array and the utility grid namely, two-stage (three-level boost converter three-phase three-level NPC inverter) and single-stage (three-phase three-level NPC inverter alone). The comparison between these two schemes has been thoroughly discussed in terms of the control strategies employed, power loss analysis and efficiency. The performance of the centralised inverter under different modes of operation has been investigated by developing the required control strategies for smooth operation. Using the proposed control strategy, the centralised inverter can be operated as a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) during night time, if needed. The power loss incurred in the power-electronic converters has been analysed for constant and also for variable ambient temperature. The effectiveness of the centralised inverter as an active filter (AF) has also been verified when a three-phase non-linear load is considered in the system.
    Źródło:
    Power Electronics and Drives; 2021, 6, 41; 185-203
    2451-0262
    2543-4292
    Pojawia się w:
    Power Electronics and Drives
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Execution of New Interleaved Single-Stage of Three-Phase Ac-Dc Converter with Power Factor Correction Using Space Shift Pulse Width Modulation
    Autorzy:
    Sowntharya, S.
    Sureshkumar, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1192665.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    AC-DC converter
    power factor correction
    space vector phase-shifted modulation
    three-phase converter
    three-phase system
    transformer circuit
    Opis:
    In this project is addressed to the function of AC-DC converter operation and its modulation techniques. In recent years to developing pulse width modulation to used power conversion process. The many techniques of PWM to improve power production program. In this project focused Addresses a cost-effective, flexible solution of improvement of efficiency to three phase AC-DC converter using SVPWM(space vector pulse width modulation).The proposed converter has a better efficiency, especially under light-load condition and it was explained that this is because the energy from the output inductor can always be used to ensure that the very top and the very bottom switches can be turned ON with ZVS due to a discharge path that is introduced by its flying capacitor.
    Źródło:
    World Scientific News; 2016, 47, 2; 176-189
    2392-2192
    Pojawia się w:
    World Scientific News
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Modelling and simulation of sinusoidal pulse width modulation controller for solar photovoltaic inverter to minimize the switching losses and improving the system efficiency
    Autorzy:
    Panneerselvam, Sivaraj
    Kandasamy, Karunanithi
    Perumal, Chandrasekar
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2135736.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    efficiency
    IGBT
    MOSFET
    PV inverter
    MATLAB/SIMULINK
    SPWM controller
    switching loss
    Opis:
    With the extinction of fossil fuels and high increase in power demand, the necessity for renewable energy power generation has increased globally. Solar PV is one such renewable energy power generation, widely used these days in the power sector. The inverters used for power conversion suffer from power losses in the switching elements. This paper aims at the detailed analysis on switching losses in these inverters and also aims at increasing the efficiency of the inverter by reducing losses. Losses in these power electronic switches vary with their types. In this analysis the most widely used semiconductor switches like the insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) and metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) are compared. Also using the sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) technique, improves the system efficiency considerably. Two SPWM-based singlephase inverters with the IGBT and MOSFET are designed and simulated in a MATLAB Simulink environment. The voltage drop and, thereby, the power loss across the switches are compared and analysed. The proposed technique shows that the SPWM inverter with the IGBT has lower power loss than the SPWM inverter with the MOSFET.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2022, 71, 3; 615--626
    1427-4221
    2300-2506
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Electrical Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Galvanic separation of analogue signals
    Separacja galwaniczna sygnałów analogowych
    Autorzy:
    Molenda, T.
    Chmielarz, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1361023.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
    Tematy:
    sygnały analogowe
    separacja galwaniczna
    PWM
    linearyzacja
    galvanic separation
    analogue systems
    pulse width modulation (PWM)
    nonlinearity correction
    Opis:
    The article deals with the issues of galvanic separation of analogue circuits and methods to perform it. The authors described capacitive, inductive and optical couplings, separation with the use of processing as well as non-linearity correction of optoelectronic materials characteristics. The available solutions were presented and their characteristics.
    Artykuł poświęcony jest zagadnieniom związanym z separacją galwaniczną obwodów analogowych i sposobom jej realizacji. Opisano w nim sprzężenia pojemnościowe, indukcyjne i optyczne, separację z zastosowaniem przetwarzania oraz linearyzację charakterystyk elementów optoelektronicznych. Przedstawiono dostępne rozwiązania i ich właściwości.
    Źródło:
    Mining – Informatics, Automation and Electrical Engineering; 2016, 54, 3; 5-10
    2450-7326
    2449-6421
    Pojawia się w:
    Mining – Informatics, Automation and Electrical Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A Bidirectional Buck-Boost Converter-Based Switching Ripple Communication Strategy for Intelligent Street Lighting Systems
    Autorzy:
    Zhang, Yixuan
    Hu, Yihua
    Tse, Zion
    Liu, Yuwei
    Deng, Jiamei
    Xu, Hui
    Wang, Yangang
    Li, Wei
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955998.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    bidirectional switching ripple communication
    buck-boost converter
    intelligent street lighting system
    pulse width modulation
    smart city
    Opis:
    The light-emitting diode (LED) is an essential component of intelligent street lighting (ISL) systems. An efficient ISL system can not only reduce power consumption by planning LED illuminating time but also reduce maintenance costs through a high degree of automation. In this paper, a buck-boost converter is used to realise composite transmission of power and signals for an ISL system. The power is modulated by the pulse width modulation (PWM) approach, and the switching ripple generated in the PWM process is utilised as the carrier of the signals transmitted between the remote-control centre and the slave nodes. Moreover, the proposed model involves a ‘request to send (RTS)/confirm to send (CTS)’ mechanism to avoid signal conflicts. Compared with the conventional power line communication (PLC) approach, the proposed transmission scheme has the advantages of simple circuit structure and simple system wiring. Additionally, a simulation model built in MATLAB/Simulink proves the designed transmission method has strong anti-noise ability.
    Źródło:
    Power Electronics and Drives; 2021, 6, 41; 260-275
    2451-0262
    2543-4292
    Pojawia się w:
    Power Electronics and Drives
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Poprawa sprawności energetycznej urządzeń spawalniczych
    Improving the energy efficiency of welding machines
    Autorzy:
    Stopczyk, W.
    Nawrocki, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1367490.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Napędów i Maszyn Elektrycznych Komel
    Tematy:
    sprawność energetyczna
    GMAW
    układ rezonansowy LLC
    modulacja gęstości impulsów
    energy efficiency
    LLC resonant circuit
    pulse density modulation
    Opis:
    This article addresses the topic of improving the energy efficiency of welding machines with GMAW system (Gas Metal Arc Welding). The research tested the influence of various design solutions on their efficiency. Three basic groups of welding machines were examined, with the machines representing various design solutions: transformer, thyristor and inverter. These are the typical welding machines produced currently by one of the manufacturers of professional welding equipment. Design solutions of these welding machines tested within the scope of the selected properties are equally representative of the group of welding machines produced by the global leading manufacturers of welding equipment. The proposed solutions demonstrated the efficiency of the machines. Research results were presented and discussed. It has been proved that the adopted the design solution has the major impact on the efficiency of the welding machines. Another part of the article focused on the inverter machines. Electrical scheme of the resonant LLC welding machine was presented. The results of the resonant welding machines simulation studies for various control methods were presented. The operation of the resonant welding machine for various control methods was simulated and presented. The operation of the resonant welding machine was simulated by the application of the output Power control performed by the pulse density modulation and phase control method. Next, the comparison was made between the losses of switching on and off the transistors operating in the bridge circuit at zero and non-zero values of the drain current and drain-source voltage. The results of measurements and simulations were summarized.
    W artykule zajęto się zagadnieniem poprawy sprawności energetycznej urządzeń spawalniczych spawających metodą GMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding). Badano wpływ różnych rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych urządzeń na ich sprawność. Przebadano trzy podstawowe grupy urządzeń spawalniczych, reprezentujących różne rozwiązania konstrukcyjne: transformatorowe, tyrystorowe i inwertorowe. Są to typowe, obecnie produkowane urządzenia jednego z producentów profesjonalnych urządzeń spawalniczych. Rozwiązania konstrukcyjne tych urządzeń w zakresie analizowanych właściwości reprezentowały analogiczne grupy urządzeń głównych światowych producentów urządzeń spawalniczych. Pokazano, jak na tle tych rozwiązań wypada ich sprawność. Przedstawiono i omówiono wyniki badań. Wykazano zasadniczy wpływ przyjętego rozwiązania konstrukcyjnego na sprawność urządzenia spawalniczego. W dalszej części artykułu skupiono się na urządzeniach inwertorowych. Pokazano układ elektryczny spawarki rezonansowej LLC. Przedstawiono wyniki badań symulacyjnych rezonansowego urządzenia spawalniczego dla różnych metod sterowania. Symulowano pracę urządzenia przy zastosowaniu regulacji mocy wyjściowej metodą modulacji gęstości impulsów i sterowania fazowego. Porównano straty załączania i wyłączania tranzystorów pracujących w układzie mostkowym przy zerowych i niezerowych wartościach prądu drenu i napięcia dren-źródło. Podsumowano wyniki pomiarów i symulacji.
    Źródło:
    Maszyny Elektryczne: zeszyty problemowe; 2016, 3, 111; 35-40
    0239-3646
    2084-5618
    Pojawia się w:
    Maszyny Elektryczne: zeszyty problemowe
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    FPGA implementation of DPWM utility/DG interfaced solar (PV) power converter for green home power supply
    Autorzy:
    Singh, S. N.
    Mishra, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/229942.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    direct pulse width modulation (DPWM)
    total harmonic distortion THD
    field SMF: sealed maintenance
    free programmable gate array (FPGA)
    Opis:
    In this paper, utility/DG interfaced DPWM solar (PV) power converter (SPC) has been proposed and developed to meet the growing green energy demand of household applications in a developing country like India. The use of new software based direct PWM strategy (DPWM) in the inverter circuit has resulted in to produce a very near sine-wave, most suitable for various home loads. Simulated results of proposed PWM output wave form and computation of its harmonics content in terms of THD value (upto 5% or even less) using MATLAB software has been reflected in the proposed scheme. The features like an intelligent control action to prevent battery from overcharge or undercharge, higher efficiency (> 90%), generation of grid quality green electricity, sustainability of solar renewable energy sources, cost effective hardware realization with FPGA based VLSI embedded system, shows the superiority of the proposed scheme over conventional power supply systems.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Control Sciences; 2011, 21, 4; 461-469
    1230-2384
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Control Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Implementation of PID on PIC24F series microcontroller for speed control of a DC motor using MPLAB and Proteus
    Autorzy:
    Aslam, S.
    Hannan, S.
    Sajjad, U.
    Zafar, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/102984.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
    Tematy:
    proportional integral derivative controller
    pulse width modulation (PWM)
    linear quadratic regulator
    peripheral interface controller
    MPLAB
    proteus
    duty cycle
    Opis:
    Speed control of a DC motor is critical in most industrial systems where accuracy and protection are of essence. This paper presents simulations of Proportional Integral Derivative Controller (PID) on a 16-bit PIC 24F series microcontroller for speed control of a DC motor in the presence of load torque. The PID gains have been tuned by Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) technique and then it is implemented on a microcontroller using MPLAB, and finally simulated for speed control of a DC motor in Proteus Virtual System Modeling (VSM) software. Proteus has built in feature to add load torque to a DC motor so simulation results have been presented in three cases speed of DC motor is controlled without load torque, with 25% load torque and with 50% load torque. In all three cases PID effectively controls the speed of DC motor with minimum steady state error.
    Źródło:
    Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2016, 10, 31; 40-50
    2299-8624
    Pojawia się w:
    Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Generalized space vector control for current source inverters and rectifiers
    Autorzy:
    Anitha Roseline, J.
    Senthil Kumaran, M.
    Rajini, V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/140525.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    current source rectifiers (CSR)
    current source inverters (CSI)
    current source multilevel inverter (CSMLI)
    space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM)
    Opis:
    Current source inverters (CSI) is one of the widely used converter topology in medium voltage drive applications due to its simplicity, motor friendly waveforms and reliable short circuit protection. The current source inverters are usually fed by controlled current source rectifiers (CSR) with a large inductor to provide a constant supply current. A generalized control applicable for both CSI and CSR and their extension namely current source multilevel inverters (CSMLI) are dealt in this paper. As space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) features the advantages of flexible control, faster dynamic response, better DC utilization and easy digital implementation it is considered for this work. This paper generalizes SVPWM that could be applied for CSI, CSR and CSMLI. The intense computation involved in framing a generalized space vector control are discussed in detail. The algorithm includes determination of band, region, subregions and vectors. The algorithm is validated by simulation using MATLAB /SIMULINK for CSR 5, 7, 13 level CSMLI and for CSR fed CSI.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2016, 65, 2; 235-248
    1427-4221
    2300-2506
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Electrical Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Positive output elementary Luo converter for fixed-frequency ZVS operation
    Autorzy:
    Bright, S. J. V.
    Ramkumar, S.
    Anand, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/200011.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    fixed-frequency ZVS
    positive output elementary Luo converter
    POELC
    zero-voltage switching-pulse width modulation
    ZVS-PWM
    konwerter Luo
    ZVS
    Opis:
    Luo converter is one amid the developed DC-DC converters offering higher voltage gain. Soft-switching techniques, like zero-voltage switching (ZVS), repress switching losses, and hence the system efficiency and the life of the power semiconductor switches are improved. Incorporation of soft switching in fixed-frequency operation of the Luo converters may persuade them in the regulated power supply applications. The existing variable switching frequency solution suffers from a number of problems viz. complexity in filter designing, more electromagnetic interference (EMI), etc. This paper proposes a positive output elementary Luo converter (POELC) involving ZVS with the wherewithal of working in fixed frequency. A comprehensive discussion on the proposed circuit topology is detailed with both simulation and experimental studies. Systematic descriptions of basic POELC, variable-frequency ZVS-POELC, and fixed-frequency ZVS-POELC make an impact on the understanding of related concepts by the researchers in this field.
    Źródło:
    Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2017, 65, 2; 255-262
    0239-7528
    Pojawia się w:
    Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A Soft-Output STBC Decoder for Aeronautical Telemetry
    Autorzy:
    Louёt, Yves
    Othman, Rami
    Skrzypczak, Alexandre
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/309130.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    continuous-phase modulation
    CPM
    pulse amplitude modulation
    PAM
    shaped offset quadrature phase shift keying
    SOQPSK
    space-time block coding
    STBC
    ternary symbol
    Opis:
    Alamouti encoding is a well-known space time block encoding technique used to improve the received signal quality in Rayleigh fading channels. In aeronautical telemetry, this encoding technique is applied to shaped offset quadrature phase shift keying tier generation (SOQPSK-TG) modulation in order to handle the two-antenna issue. It is provided for in telemetry-related IRIG standards. In this paper, we propose a unique decoding architecture for Alamouti-encoded SOQPSK-TG signals, taking advantage of pulse amplitude modulation decomposition with soft and hard outputs. We exploit this result to obtain a Viterbi algorithm (VA) for hard decoding and a soft output Viterbi algorithm (SOVA) for soft and hard decoding, with a twofold benefit: operation using one trellis structure, unlike decoders that are based on the 8-waveforms cross-correlated trellis-coded quadrature modulation (XTCQM) approximation, and very attractive bit error rate performance, as well as a complexity trade-off.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2020, 1; 13-20
    1509-4553
    1899-8852
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Linearized 9-Bit Hybrid LBDD PWM Modulator for Digital Class-BD Amplifier
    Autorzy:
    Kołodziejski, Wojciech
    Kuta, Stanisław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1844591.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    class-BD digital audio amplifier
    linearized pulse width modulation (LPWM)
    Linearized Class-BD Double sided (LBDD)
    Digital to Time Converter (DTC)
    Opis:
    The paper presents an original architecture and implementation of 9-bit Linearized Pulse Width Modulator (LPWM) for Class-BD amplifier, based on the hybrid method using STM32 microcontroller and Programmable Tapped Delay Line (PTDL). The analog input signals are converted into 12-bit PCM signals, then are directly transformed into 32-bit LBDD DPWM data of the pulse-edge locations within n-th period of the switching frequency, next requantized to the 9-bit digital outputs, and finally converted into the two physical trains of 1-bit PWM signals, to control the output stage of the Class-BD audio amplifier. The hybrid 9-bit quantizer converts 6 MSB bits using counter method, based on the peripherals of STM32 microcontroller, while the remaining 3 LSB bits - using a method based on the PTDL. In the paper extensive verification of algorithm and circuit operation as well as simulation in MATLAB and experimental results of the proposed 9-bit hybrid LBDD DPWM circuit have been performed. It allows to attain SNR of 80 dB and THD about 0,3% within the audio baseband.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2021, 67, 1; 49-57
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    AC power regulation techniques for renewable energy sources
    Techniki regulacji mocy odbiorników AC dla odnawialnych źródeł energii
    Autorzy:
    Ostrowski, Mariusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28875039.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Lubelska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Lubelskiej
    Tematy:
    ac power regulators
    pulse width modulation converters
    renewable energy systems
    regulatory mocy prądu przemiennego
    przetwornice modulacji szerokości impulsu
    systemy energii odnawialnej
    Opis:
    This article explores different AC power regulation techniques that can be employed to optimize the output of renewable energy sources, suchas solar and wind power systems. The article provides an overview of the challenges associated with regulating AC power output from renewable sources and examines various techniques that can be used to improve the performance of power regulation systems. These techniques include voltage control, phase control, reactive power compensation, and power factor correction. The article also discusses the benefits and limitations of each technique, as well as their potential applications in renewable energy systems. Overall, this article provides valuable insights for engineers and researchers workingto optimize power auto consumption in renewable energy systems.
    W tym artykule omówiono różne techniki regulacji mocy prądu zmiennego, które można wykorzystać do optymalizacji produkcji energiize źródeł odnawialnych, takich jak systemy energii słonecznej i wiatrowej. Artykuł zawiera przegląd wyzwań związanych z regulacją mocy wyjściowej prądu przemiennego ze źródeł odnawialnych i analizuje różne techniki, które można wykorzystać do poprawy wydajności systemów odnawialnych źródeł energii. Techniki te obejmują sterowanie napięciem, sterowanie fazą, kompensację mocy biernej i korekcję współczynnika mocy. W artykule omówiono również zalety i ograniczenia poszczególnych technik, a także ich potencjalne zastosowania w systemach energii odnawialnej. Artykuł zawiera cenne informacje dla inżynierów i badaczy pracujących nad optymalizacją auto konsumpcji energii elektrycznej w systemach energii odnawialnej.
    Źródło:
    Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska; 2023, 13, 4; 103--108
    2083-0157
    2391-6761
    Pojawia się w:
    Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evolutionary optimization of Sigma-Delta modulated analog stimulus
    Autorzy:
    Golonek, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/397702.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Łódzka. Wydział Mikroelektroniki i Informatyki
    Tematy:
    analog electronic circuits testing
    evolutionary optimization
    sigma-delta modulation
    pulse density modulation
    analogowy układ elektroniczny
    optymalizacja ewolucyjna
    modulacja sigma-delta
    modulacja gęstości impulsów
    Opis:
    This paper proposes the evolutionary technique of the stimulus signal optimization for the analog electronic circuit testing purpose. The obtained signal is coded with Sigma-Delta modulation usage that allows to generate it easily by simple microcontrollers without the necessity of expensive D/A peripherals applying. The signal with the controlled impulses density may be obtained on the external output terminal of the typical timer and finally, it defines the analog signal that can be reconstructed after low pass filtering.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Microelectronics and Computer Science; 2015, 6, 4; 130-135
    2080-8755
    2353-9607
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Microelectronics and Computer Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Signaling optimization techniques to reduce jitter and crosstalk susceptibility
    Autorzy:
    Sevcik, B.
    Brancik, L.
    Kubicek, M.
    Sotner, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/398144.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Łódzka. Wydział Mikroelektroniki i Informatyki
    Tematy:
    preemfaza
    podniesiony kosinus
    zależność danych
    łącznik miedziany
    modulacja szerokości impulsów
    pre-emphasis
    raised cosine
    data-dependent
    copper interconnect
    pulse width modulation (PWM)
    Opis:
    In this paper the optimization methods to reduce undesirable effects in time-domain pre-emphasis techniques are described. In the first case the application of data-dependent method for pulse-width modulated (PWM) pre-emphasis to reduce additional jitter at output data stream is shown. Consequently, new signaling scheme based on using of raised cosine approximation to crosstalk reduction is proposed and analyzed. The time-domain pre-distortion method provides an alternative to FIR (finite impulse response) pre-emphasis with advantages in the light of developments in modern CMOS scaling. The PWM pre-emphasis method is able to compensate higher channel losses than the conventional FIR method. However additional high-frequency noise which is typical for strong amount of PWM pre-emphasis can caused system crosstalk susceptibility. Our research is primary focused on optimization of the conventional PWM scheme to reduce harmonic high frequency component. It can be solution for system where near-end crosstalk is problem. Finally, simulation results in MathCAD and Agilent ADS environment are shown.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Microelectronics and Computer Science; 2011, 2, 3; 113-120
    2080-8755
    2353-9607
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Microelectronics and Computer Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Investigation of optical short pulse generation using intensity modulation for LiDAR and free-space communications
    Autorzy:
    Wang, Fei
    Kang, Wen
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1835768.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    intensity modulator
    optical pulse generator
    pulsed LiDAR
    free-space communication
    Opis:
    A simple optical pulse generation scheme for pulsed light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and free-space communications is proposed and experimentally and numerically demonstrated, in which continuous-wave light emitted by a distributed feedback-laser diode (DFB-LD) is modulated by a lithium-niobate Mach–Zehnder intensity modulator to generate optical short pulses, and an Er-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) is used to boost transmitting light power. Possibilities of intensity modulators for high speed communications being used to generate optical short pulses for low speed pulsed LiDAR are investigated. The influences of bias voltage of intensity modulator and bit rate of modulation signal on the generated optical pulses are discussed. The pulse width obtained by using the return to zero signal with 33% duty cycle on bit rate of 2.5 and 5 Gbit/s is respectively 128.0 and 63.2 ps, and the corresponding nominal accuracy of pulsed LiDAR is respectively 19.2 and 9.5 mm, and low repetition frequency required by pulsed LiDAR is achieved by coding to high-speed modulation signal. The system performance for free-space communications and pulsed LiDAR is evaluated, respectively. We believe that the proposed scheme is suitable for the integrated system of pulsed LiDAR and free-space communications.
    Źródło:
    Optica Applicata; 2021, 51, 1; 97-107
    0078-5466
    1899-7015
    Pojawia się w:
    Optica Applicata
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An active power filter based on a hybrid converter topology – Part 1
    Autorzy:
    Gwóźdź, Michał
    Ciepliński, Łukasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2090725.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    shunt active power filter
    pulse width modulation
    PWM
    sigma-delta modulator
    silicon carbide
    bocznikowy filtr mocy czynnej
    modulacja szerokości impulsu
    modulator sigma-delta
    węglik krzemu
    Opis:
    This paper presents a concept of a shunt active power filter, which is able to provide more precise mapping of its input current drawn from a power line in a reference signal, as compared to a typical filter solution. It can be achieved by means of an interconnection of two separate power electronics converters making, as a whole, a controlled current source, which mainly determines the quality of the shunt active filter operation. One of these power devices, the “auxiliary converter”, corrects the total output current, being a sum of output currents of both converters, toward the reference signal. The rated output power of the auxiliary converter is much lower than the output power of the main one, while its frequency response is extended. Thanks to both these properties and the operation of the auxiliary converter in a continuous mode, pulse modulation components in the filter input current are minimized. Benefits of the filter are paid for by a relatively small increase in the complexity and cost of the system. The proposed solution can be especially attractive for devices with higher output power, where, due to dynamic power loss in power switches, a pulse modulation carrier frequency must be lowered, leading to the limitation of the “frequency response” of the converter. The concept of such a system was called the “hybrid converter topology”. In the first part of the paper, the rules of operation of the active filter based on this topology are presented. Also, the results of comparative studies of filter simulation models based on both typical, i.e. single converter, and hybrid converter topologies, are discussed.
    Źródło:
    Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2021, 69, 1; e136218, 1--10
    0239-7528
    Pojawia się w:
    Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An active power filter based on a hybrid converter topology – Part 1
    Autorzy:
    Gwóźdź, Michał
    Ciepliński, Łukasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2173586.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    shunt active power filter
    pulse width modulation
    PWM
    sigma-delta modulator
    silicon carbide
    bocznikowy filtr mocy czynnej
    modulacja szerokości impulsu
    modulator sigma-delta
    węglik krzemu
    Opis:
    This paper presents a concept of a shunt active power filter, which is able to provide more precise mapping of its input current drawn from a power line in a reference signal, as compared to a typical filter solution. It can be achieved by means of an interconnection of two separate power electronics converters making, as a whole, a controlled current source, which mainly determines the quality of the shunt active filter operation. One of these power devices, the “auxiliary converter”, corrects the total output current, being a sum of output currents of both converters, toward the reference signal. The rated output power of the auxiliary converter is much lower than the output power of the main one, while its frequency response is extended. Thanks to both these properties and the operation of the auxiliary converter in a continuous mode, pulse modulation components in the filter input current are minimized. Benefits of the filter are paid for by a relatively small increase in the complexity and cost of the system. The proposed solution can be especially attractive for devices with higher output power, where, due to dynamic power loss in power switches, a pulse modulation carrier frequency must be lowered, leading to the limitation of the “frequency response” of the converter. The concept of such a system was called the “hybrid converter topology”. In the first part of the paper, the rules of operation of the active filter based on this topology are presented. Also, the results of comparative studies of filter simulation models based on both typical, i.e. single converter, and hybrid converter topologies, are discussed.
    Źródło:
    Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2021, 69, 1; art. no. e136218
    0239-7528
    Pojawia się w:
    Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Estymacja napięcia niezrównoważenia w obwodzie pośredniczącym falownika trójpoziomowego NPC na podstawie analizy prądów wyjściowych
    Evaluation of the neutral-point voltage in the three-level NPC inverter based on analysis of output currents
    Autorzy:
    Szczepankowski, P.
    Nieznański, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/154081.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
    Tematy:
    trójpoziomowy falownik napięcia
    modulacja szerokości impulsów
    stabilizacja napięcia punktu środkowego
    three-level NPC inverter
    pulse width modulation (PWM)
    control of the DC-link midpoint voltage
    Opis:
    Zaproponowano prostą i skuteczną metodę wyznaczania wartości napięcia niezrównoważenia w obwodzie pośredniczącym trójpoziomowego falownika NPC (ang. Neutral-Point-Clamped). Zastosowanie proponowanej metody nie wymaga dodatkowych czujników pomiarowych, a nakłady obliczeniowe na realizację algorytmu są niewielkie. Do wyznaczania napięcia niezrównoważenia wykorzystuje się informacje zawarte w mierzonych prądach wyjściowych falownika. Wymagana jest znajomość impedancji obciążenia. Przedstawiono wyniki badań symulacyjnych i laboratoryjnych potwierdzających prawidłowe działanie proponowanej metody.
    A simple and effective method is proposed for evaluating the neutral-point voltage in the three-level neutral-point-clamped (NPC) inverter. The method does not require extra sensors, and the use of computing resources is limited. The neutral-point voltage is estimated based on the current measurements. The proposed approach necessitates the knowledge of the load impedance. Sample simulation and experimental results are provided, confirming satisfactory working of the proposed method.
    Źródło:
    Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2007, R. 53, nr 4, 4; 48-51
    0032-4140
    Pojawia się w:
    Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Model matematyczny wzorca dużych rezystancjiwykonanego w technice SC
    Mathematical model of high resistance standard performed in switched capacitor technology
    Autorzy:
    Tyman, Z.
    Guzik, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/151652.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
    Tematy:
    wzorzec
    duża rezystancja
    technika SC
    modulacja szerokości impulsu
    modelowanie matematyczne
    rachunek operatorowy
    standard
    high resistance
    siwtched capacitors technology
    pulse width modulation (PWM)
    mathematical model
    Laplace transform
    Opis:
    W pracy zaprezentowano model matematyczny 6-cio elementowego wzorca dużych rezystancji (zrealizowanego w technice przełączalnych pojemności SC) przeznaczonego do sprawdzania wskazań wybranych mierników do pomiarów dużych rezystancji, np. megaomomierzy. Zaletą prezentowanej idei budowy wzorca dużych rezystancji jest możliwość zmiany nastawy odtwarzanej wartości rezystancji za pomocą parametrów (częstotliwości, współczynnika wypełnienia) sygnału sterującego procesem przełączania kondensatora.
    The paper presents the mathematical model of 6 - element high resistance standard (performed in Switched Capacitor technology) used for indications checking of chosen meters intended for high resistance measurements, eg. megaohmmeters. The advantage of presented high resistance standard construction idea is the possibility of realized resistance value changes by means of signal parameters (frequency, pulse width coefficient) controlling the switching process of a capacitor.
    Źródło:
    Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2008, R. 54, nr 9, 9; 646-649
    0032-4140
    Pojawia się w:
    Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pasywna stabilizacja rozkładu napięć w obwodzie pośredniczącym falownika trójpoziomowego NPC
    Passive control of the DC-link midpoint voltage in the three-level NPC inverter
    Autorzy:
    Szczepankowski, P.
    Nieznański, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/154083.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
    Tematy:
    falownik trójpoziomowy
    modulacja szerokości impulsów
    pasywna stabilizacja napięcia punktu środkowego
    three-level NPC inverter
    pulse width modulation (PWM)
    passive control of the DC-link midpoint voltage
    Opis:
    Przedstawiono wyniki badań dotyczące pasywnej stabilizacji rozkładu napięć w obwodzie pośredniczącym falownika trójpoziomowego NPC wskazujące na dobre uwarunkowania tej metody i możliwość jej wykorzystania w zastosowaniach praktycznych. Odpowiednio skonstruowana stabilizacja pasywna zapewnia stateczną pracę z podtrzymywaniem równowagi napięć i powrót napięcia niezrównoważenia do zerowej wartości średniej po ewentualnym zaburzeniu tej równowagi.
    The paper presents and discusses some test results pertaining to the passive control of the DC-link midpoint voltage in the three-level NPC inverter. The results indicate that the method is well-behaved, insuring stable operation with balanced voltages across both capacitors in the DC link, convergence to a voltage balance after possible disturbances and low sensitivity to asymmetries in the inverter load.
    Źródło:
    Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2007, R. 53, nr 4, 4; 44-47
    0032-4140
    Pojawia się w:
    Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Napęd elektryczny żaluzji szafy ekspresyjnej w organach piszczałkowych – projekt, realizacja, badania eksploatacyjne
    Electrical drive for shutter of the swell box in pipe organs – project, realization, exploitation tests
    Autorzy:
    Raczyński, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/274940.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Automatyki i Pomiarów
    Tematy:
    szafa ekspresyjna
    napęd elektryczny
    silnik krokowy
    sterowanie w otwartej pętli sprzężenia zwrotnego
    modulacja szerokości impulsów
    swell box
    electric drive
    stepper motor
    open loop positioning
    PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)
    Opis:
    Szafa ekspresyjna to ważna część organów piszczałkowych, umożliwiająca zmianę głośności dźwięku generowanego przez instrument. W artykule opisano proces zastąpienia pneumatycznego systemu sterującego żaluzją szafy ekspresyjnej, układem napędu elektrycznego. Przedstawione zostały założenia projektowe, koncepcja układu sterowania, praktyczna realizacja prototypu urządzenia i ostatecznie jego wstępne badania. Opisywany system, po procesie optymalizacji pod kątem czynników krytycznych, zrealizowano z wykorzystaniem silnika krokowego z regulacją prądu opartą o modulację szerokości impulsów. Całością systemu (m.in. odczytywaniem pozycji pedału, pozycjonowaniem żaluzji, eliminacją drgań, obsługą sytuacji błędnych) steruje mikrokontroler 8-bitowy. Układ poddano ocenie zarówno pod kątem mierzalnych parametrów (głośność pracy, uzyskiwane przyspieszenia), jak i subiektywnych kryteriów podczas testów dokonanych przez organistów w Bazylice św. Jana Chrzciciela w Szczecinie, gdzie urządzenie zostało zainstalowane.
    Swell box is the important element of the pipe organs. It allows for regulation of volume of sound generated by the instrument. The paper describes process of replacing the pneumatic control system of swell boxes shutter by the new electrical drive. The project assumptions, concept of electronic control system, practical realization of the prototype device and finally the preliminary tests of the new electrical drive are presented. Described system, after the process of optimization in crucial criteria, was realized using the stepper motor with current control method based on Pulse Width Modulation. Most of processes in the system, inter alia, reading the current position of pedal, positioning the shutter, handling the incorrect situations, are controlled by 8-bit microcontroller. Circuit had subjected to an examination from the point view of measurable parameters (obtained accelerations and level of noise). Then, the practical tests in the Basilica of St. John the Baptist in Szczecin (where the system has been installed) were conducted by organist.
    Źródło:
    Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka; 2017, 21, 4; 75-81
    1427-9126
    Pojawia się w:
    Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Model matematyczny napędu z silnikiem indukcyjnym - metoda DTC-SVM
    Mathematical model of induction motor - DTC-SVM method
    Autorzy:
    Sieklucki, G.
    Orzechowski, T.
    Sykulski, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/320332.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
    Tematy:
    silnik indukcyjny klatkowy
    model matematyczny
    bezpośrednie sterowanie momentem (DTC)
    metoda wektora przestrzennego w modulacji szerokości impulsu (SVM lub SVPWM)
    squirrel cage induction motor
    mathematical model
    direct torque control (DTC)
    space vector pulse with modulation method (SVM or SVPWM)
    Opis:
    W artykule omówiono strukturę i zasadę pracy układu DTC-SYM. W pracy przedstawiono nieliniowy model matematyczny silnika indukcyjnego w wirującym układzie współrzędnych. Wektor strumienia stojana przyjęto jako oś odniesienia (d). W rozważaniach pominięto dynamikę przemiennika częstotliwości. Celem analizy było uproszczenie (linearyzacja) modelu obwodu strumienia stojan oraz wytwarzania momentu elektrycznego. Zostały przedstawione wyniki badań symulacyjnych, które pozwalają określić błędy linearyzacji modeli. Zamieszczono transmitancje, które mogą zostać wykorzystane w procesie optymalizacji parametrycznej regulatorów.
    Structure and the principle of the work of the DTC-SYM system are talked over in the article. The nonlinear mathematical model of the induction motor in a revolving reference frame is introduced in the work. The stator flux vector is taken as the axis of the reference frame (d). The dynamics of the power electronics frequency converter are neglected in considerations. The simplification (linearization) of the stator flux circuit model and the production of the motor torque is the aim of the analysis. There are presented the results of the simulating researches which let qualify the models linearization errors. The transfer-functions which can be used in the parametric optimization process of regulators was inserted.
    Źródło:
    Elektrotechnika i Elektronika; 2010, 29, 1--2; 33-40
    1640-7202
    Pojawia się w:
    Elektrotechnika i Elektronika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    VHDL-Ams Model of the Integrated Membrane Micro-Accelerometer with Delta-Sigma (Δσ) Analog-To-Digital Converter for Schematic Design Level
    Autorzy:
    Golovatyj, А.
    Teslyuk, V.
    Kryvyy, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411400.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Oddział w Lublinie PAN
    Tematy:
    Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS)
    micromechanical sensitive element
    integrated membrane micro-accelerometer
    delta-sigma modulation
    pulse width modulation (PWM)
    delta-sigma analog-todigital converter (ADC)
    one bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC)
    VHDL-AMS hardware description language
    hAMSter software
    schemotechnical design level
    Opis:
    VHDL-Ams model of integrated membrane type micro-accelerometer with delta-sigma (ΔΣ) analog-to-digital converter for schematic design level was developed. It allows simulating movement of the sensitive element working weigh from the applied acceleration, differential capacitor and original signal capacity change, signal digitizing with the help of DeltaSigma ADC with defined micro-accelerometer structural parameters, and analyzze an integrated device at the schemotechnical design level.
    Źródło:
    ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes; 2015, 4, 2; 65-70
    2084-5715
    Pojawia się w:
    ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An approach to suppress high-frequency resonance using model predictive and selective harmonic elimination combined strategy
    Autorzy:
    Chen, Sitong
    Chen, Xiaoqiang
    Wang, Ying
    Xiong, Ye
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1841300.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    CRH5 EMUs and traction power supply coupled system
    high-frequency oscillation
    high speed railway
    model predictive control (MPC)
    selective harmonic elimination pulse-width modulation (SHEPWM)
    CRH5 EMU i system sprzężony z zasilaniem trakcyjnym
    oscylacja wysokiej częstotliwości
    kolej dużych prędkości
    kontrola predykcyjna modelu (MPC)
    selektywna eliminacja harmoniczna modulacja szerokości impulsu (SHEPWM)
    Opis:
    High-frequency resonance is a prominent phenomenon which affects the normal operation of the high-speed railway in China. Aiming at this problem, the resonance mechanism is analyzed first. Then, model predictive control and selective harmonic elimination pulse-width modulation (MPC-SHEPWM) combined control strategy is proposed, where the harmonics which cause the resonance can be eliminated at the harmonic source. Besides, the MPC is combined to make the current track the reference in transients. The proposed control has the ability to suppress the resonance while has a faster dynamic performance comparing with SHEPWM. Finally, the proposed MPC-SHEPWM is tested in a simulation model of CRH5 (Chinese Railway High-speed), EMUs (electric multiple units) and a traction power supply coupled system, which shows that the proposed MPC-SHEPWM approach can achieve the resonance suppression and shows a better dynamic performance.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2021, 70, 2; 415-430
    1427-4221
    2300-2506
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Electrical Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Hybrid Linearized Class-BD Double Sided (LBDD) Digital Pulse Width Modulator (DPWM) for Class-BD audio amplifiers
    Autorzy:
    Kuta, S.
    Kołodziejski, W.
    Jasielski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/93116.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa w Tarnowie
    Tematy:
    class-D digital audio amplifier
    Digital Pulse Width Modulator (DPWM)
    Linearized Pulse Width Modulation (LPWM)
    Linearized Class-AD Double sided (LADD)
    Linearized Class-BD Double sided (LBDD)
    Programmable Tapped Delay Line (PTDL)
    Analog Delay Locked Loop (ADLL)
    Digital to Time Converter (DTC)
    cyfrowy wzmacniacz audio klasy D
    modulator szerokości impulsu cyfrowego (DPWM)
    zlinearyzowana klasa AD dwustronna (LADD)
    programowalna opóźniona linia opóźnienia (PTDL)
    pętla z opóźnieniem analogowym (ADLL)
    konwerter cyfrowo-czasowy (DTC)
    Opis:
    The paper presents an original architecture and implementation of 9-bit LBDD hybrid DPWM circuit for Class-BD digital audio amplifier. The input PCM signals are directly transformed into 24-bit LBDD DPWM signals and then are requanized to the 9-bit digital outputs using noise-shaping process to support high fidelity with practical values of time resolution, and finally are converted by the DTCs into the two physical trains of 1-bit PWM signals. The architecture of the proposed Class-BD hybrid DPWM circuit is composed of two Class-AD ones. The hybrid quantizer converts 6 MSB bits using counter method, based on the STM32F407xx microcontroller, while the remaining 3 LSB bits - using a method based on the Programmable Tapped Delay Line (PTDL). All necessary time waveforms are generated on the base of the internal microcontroller oscillator 168 MHz. The proposed 9-bit Class-DB DPWM circuit allows to attain SNR of 110 dB and THD about 0,2% within the audio baseband, at switching frequency of 328.1 kHz, clock frequency of 42 MHz and modulation index M = 0.95. Basic verification of algorithm and circuit operation as well as simulation and preliminary experimental results have been performed.
    Źródło:
    Science, Technology and Innovation; 2017, 1, 1; 1-10
    2544-9125
    Pojawia się w:
    Science, Technology and Innovation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Absorption coefficient along a propagated ultra-short laser pulse in the air based on Kramers–Kronig relations
    Autorzy:
    Malekshahi, M
    Naghavi, K
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/173894.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    ultra-short laser pulse
    refractive index
    self-phase modulation
    absorption coefficient
    Kramers–Kronig relations
    Opis:
    In this manuscript, some effects such as nonlinear Kerr, stimulated Raman, and plasma generation effects lead to obtaining the nonlinear refraction index of the air along an intense ultra-short laser pulse based on one-dimensional propagation analysis. The variations in the pulse frequency by the self-phase modulation effect are investigated for achieving the functionality of the refractive index to the frequency. The mentioned functionality allows implementing Kramers–Kronig relations to measure the absorption coefficient. Results indicate that the front of the laser pulse faces a high rate of the energy loss whereas the back of the pulse experiences a gain. The implementation of Kramers–Kronig relations for a theoretical calculation of absorption coefficient variation along a laser pulse propagating in the air in which we have simultaneously taken into account the three above-mentioned effects distinguishes our work from other studies.
    Źródło:
    Optica Applicata; 2015, 45, 4; 501-512
    0078-5466
    1899-7015
    Pojawia się w:
    Optica Applicata
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Polarity-reversed ultra-wideband monocycle pulse generation with dual-channel multicasting in a photonic crystal fiber
    Autorzy:
    Gong, J
    Hui, Z
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/173791.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    nonlinear optics
    cross-phase modulation (XPM)
    radio frequency photonics
    ultra-wideband (UWB)
    photonic crystal fiber (PCF)
    Opis:
    This paper proposes and demonstrates a novel scheme of a two-channel-output ultra-wideband monocycle pulse generator consisting of a 100 m dispersion-flattened highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber and two optical bandpass filters. Based on the cross-phase modulation effect in a dispersion-flattened highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber, two polarity-reversed ultra-wideband monocycle pulses simultaneously output from two different channels are successfully achieved by appropriately locating the probe wavelength at the left linear slope and the right linear slope of the two optical bandpass filters transmission spectra, respectively. The full width at half-maximum and a fractional bandwidth of 24 ps and 260% for a positive pulse, 24 ps and 251% for a negative pulse are obtained. Moreover, the influences of input signal powers, the polarization misalignment between the data light and the continuous wave probe light, and probe wavelength variation on the double output ultra-wideband signals quality are also investigated. The results show that the system has some tolerance to both the input signal power fluctuation and the slight polarization mismatch and even can efficiently operate with a widely tunable wavelength range. This makes it very attractive for engineering applications in future multiuser ultra-wideband-over-fiber communication systems.
    Źródło:
    Optica Applicata; 2015, 45, 1; 25-39
    0078-5466
    1899-7015
    Pojawia się w:
    Optica Applicata
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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