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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 1152
Tytuł:
Polacy w Belgii w ostatnich pięćdziesięciu latach
Poles in Belgium in the Past Fifty Years
Autorzy:
Dzwonkowski, Roman
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1991557.pdf
Data publikacji:
1976
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
The origins of Polish immigration in France and Belgium are virtually the same. After the November Rising of 1830 a group of Polish officers settled there and helped to organize the Belgian army. After the First World War Polish economic immigrants arrived, first from Westphalia and the Rhineland, and then from Poland. The Poles sought employment in Belgian mining and industry congregating in fairly closely knit settlements in the industrial centres. According to the figures quoted by the Polish Consular Office in Belgium, in 1939 c. 70,000 Polish citizens lived in that country, including 50 per cent of Jews. In the years 1944-1947 there was another wave of Polish immigration, this time a result of the War. According to the Belgian census the immigrants totalled 25,929. After 1950 most of them left Belgium. Before the Second World War Poles set up a number of extremely active organizations, social, cultural, religious and sport’s ones. At present, as the population oî Polish origin has become more dispersed any organizational work is difficult and tends to decrease. Polish religious societies run by Polish priests seem the most active. There are Polish sections with a membership of c. 6,000 in the Christian Trade Unions and Fédération Générale du Travail de Belgique. In the past fifty years we can observe the increase in social status of the subsequent generations of Polish immigrants as well as the growing integration into the local society proved by ’mixed’ marriages. Yet it is necessary to stress the number of polish youth organizations in Belgium; most young Belgian Poles seek contacts with Polish culture.
Źródło:
Studia Polonijne; 1976, 1; 7-25
0137-5210
Pojawia się w:
Studia Polonijne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wydajność pracy przy pozyskiwaniu drobnicy tyczkowej w trzebieży selekcyjnej
Proizvoditel'nost' truda pri zagotovke zherdejj v selekcionnykh rubkakh ukhoda
Work productivity in harvesting wood poles in the course of selection thinning
Autorzy:
Kubiak, M.
Kosicki, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/819611.pdf
Data publikacji:
1976
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Źródło:
Sylwan; 1976, 120, 07
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Z dziejów duszpasterstwa Polaków w Niemczech Zachodnich
Religious Life of Poles in German
Autorzy:
Śliwański, Jan
Weiss, Anzelm
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1991623.pdf
Data publikacji:
1976
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
In the middle of the 19th century thousands of Polish workers arrived in Germany to seek employment. Congragated in closely knit groups they settled in the industrial towns of Westphalia and the Rhineland. Until the First World War they were cared for by a few German priests who knew Polish. In the period between the two World Wars there were c. 1.5 million Poles in Germany. The Episcopal Representation (since 1930 Berlin Bishorpric) was in charge of Polish priesthood. Only those Polish priests who were German citizens could carry on their duties. Once Hitler came to power there hegan a period of intense persecution of everything that was Polish, including organized religious life which virtually disappeared in the war-time. After the War, on June 5, 1945 Pope Pius XII appointed Bishop Józef Gawlina Ordinary for Poles in Germany. In that month Episcopal Curia for Poles in Germany was erected in Munich (transferred to Frankfort in September 1945). The Curia controls Polish religious activities in Germany. After the death of Archbishop Gawlina the Holy See handed over the powers of Polish Bishop in Germany to Vicar General Father Edward Lubowiecki. At present, in the Federal Republic of Germany there are c. 80-100,000 Poles cared for by 39 Polish priests. Polish Church in Germany is organized in 5 decantes and 2 porvinces. One Polish religious order for men (Fathers of the Congregation of the Christian Doctrine) and two orders for women (Felician Sisters and Sister-Servants of Holy Heart of Mary) are active in the Federal Republic of Germany. Apart from their religious duties Polish priests participate in the social and cultural life of German Poles.
Źródło:
Studia Polonijne; 1976, 1; 139-148
0137-5210
Pojawia się w:
Studia Polonijne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Z dziejów duszpasterstwa polonijnego w Harbinie (1901-1925)
Religious Life of Poles in Harbin (1901-1925)
Autorzy:
Misiurek, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1991615.pdf
Data publikacji:
1976
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
In the first quarter of the century Harbin was the biggest Polish settlement in the Far East. In 1904 the number of Poles, mostly insurgents of 1863 and other political activists, reached 4,000. The Poles of Harbin were employed in the construction of Eastern-Chinese railway initiated by the Russian government. Being Roman Catholices they wanted their own church and a Polish priest. Originally services for Poles were held in a chapel at the outskirts of Harbin; in 1904 a building plot for the future church was secured and the actual construction began in 1906. A catholic parish, part of the Mohylow archidiocese was constituted in 1909. The gothic-style church was consecrated in 1909. Flourishing of Polish religious and cultural life in Harbin is connected with the person of the parish priest, Father Władysław Ostrowski. In 1923 Pius XI constituted the diocese with a Pole, Karol Sliwowski as the first ordinary consecrated by the apostolic delegate Archbishop Cełso Constahtihi. The Polish parish of Harbin was incorporated into the new diocese and a Catholic seminary was transferred from Wladivostok to Harbin. The parish was active in charity, cultural and educational work. Thanks to the efforts of Father Ostrowski Primary School for Polish children was founded in 1912, followed by Henryk Sienkiewicz Grammar School in 1915. In 1917 a, special building was set up for both schools. The duty to send children to Polish schools only was particularly stressed by the Catholic Congress of the Polish parish in Harbin convoked by Father Ostrowski in 1921. In 1923 the Grammar School was given the same rights as government schools in Poland-, and in 1924 its diploma was officially recognized. In 1922 Father Ostrowski launched the Polish Weekly (Tygodnik Polski) which was then the only Polish magazine in Asia. Thus the Polish clergy of Harbin deserves the credit for not only - deepening the religious life of Poles but also for keeping up the national and patriotic spirit and cultivating the links with the native land and culture.
Źródło:
Studia Polonijne; 1976, 1; 189-198
0137-5210
Pojawia się w:
Studia Polonijne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zmiany wilgotności drewna tyczek sosnowych składowanych w stosie na wolnym powietrzu
Izmenenija vlazhnosti drevesiny sosnovykh zherdejj skladirovannykh na otkrytom vozdukhe
Changes in moisture content in the wood of pine poles stored on an open air
Autorzy:
Kubiak, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/812885.pdf
Data publikacji:
1977
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Źródło:
Sylwan; 1977, 121, 04
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kanadyjska polityka imigracyjna w stosunku do Polaków w latach 1896-1939
Canadian Immigration Policy towards the Poles in the Years 1896-1939
Autorzy:
Matejko, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1991403.pdf
Data publikacji:
1979
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
In fact the government of Canada has never shown any favouritism towards Polish immigrants. In the early period (1896-1905) a vigorous recruiting campaign was started by Clifford Sifton, a government minister, who wanted to immigrate peasants, mostly from the Austro-Hungarian Empire in order to settle vast territories of the Canadian prairies. Yet, as early as 1906-1914 the first legal restrictions on immigration were introduced. They concerned, among others, those persons who had not sufficient financial means, and became a source of trouble for many Polish immigrants leaving their country to seek employment. Although the First World War brought a halt to the influx of Polish immigrants, the immigration was resumed after the war in spite of an unfavourable attitude of the Canadian authorities. In the post-war period Congress passed so-called Quota Laws restricting the flow of immigrants to the U. S. A. This resulted in an increased number of entries to Canada from the countries which were discriminated against by the American regulations. In turn, it brought about fear of foreing workers at the Canadian labour market which forced the Canadians to seek employment in the U. S. A. (the problem is dealt with in the so-called theory of dislocation by W. B. Hurd and M. C. Mac- Lean). Thus a new act was passed in Canada in ,1923. It refused entry to immigrants apart from such classes as farmers, domestic servants, British subjects and American citinzens. It proved a useful stratagem permititng arbitrary preferential treatment of various ethnic groups, tie Poles being included in the discriminated group. In 1925 the so-called railway agreement was signed which granted railway companies the right to recruit and immigrate farmers and domestic servants from central and eastern Europe. As a result tens of thousands Poles arrived in Canada during five years. In the 1980’s a controversy arose between Polish and Canadian immigration authorities. In December 1930 President of Poland issued a decree whereby Poland controlled the entire passanger transport over the Atlantic. In retaliation Canada recalled its immigration officers from Gdynia and Glansk thus practically bringing to a halt emigration from Poland to Canada. Although both countier arrived at a compromise concerning the transport of immigrants in 1935, the outbreak of the Second World War completely stopped Polish immigration to Canada. The Canadian immigration policy determined not only the quota of Polish immigration but also its social and occupational make-up since during the entire period discussed above it showed greater favouritism to such classes of persons as peasants, farm-hands and domestic servants.
Źródło:
Studia Polonijne; 1979, 3; 23-60
0137-5210
Pojawia się w:
Studia Polonijne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Integracja religijna Polaków we Francji
Religious integration of Poles in France
Autorzy:
Gruszyński, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1991314.pdf
Data publikacji:
1981
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
The article is part of the doctor's thesis La communauté polonaise en France de 1919 à 1975 Problèmes de l'intégration des trois générations written in 1977 at the Sorbonne. It is based on sociological research carried on at intervals in the years 1969-1975, to which 600 persons were subjected. They came from three generations (emigrants, their children and grandchildren) representing various social-professional groups in the biggest Polish agglomerations in France. The integration processes of Poles and persons of Polish descent with the French society are presented in the economic, psycho-social, cultural political and religious fields. The present article only discusses the religious integration. The introduction to the article gives the definition of the religious integration. Then polish ministration establishments and centers of religious life in France, taking into consideration their legal situation during the period since the end of World War II to recent years, are presented. At present there are over 80 Polish ministration establishments subordinated to the Polish Catholic Mission in Paris. Next the article discusses those Polish Catholic organizations, which are closely connected with the ministration establishments. In recent years some organizations, both religious and social-cultural, have been undergoing a serious crisis. A considerable amount of space is devoted to the religiousness of the three generations of the Polish community in France. The Polish emigrants in France are homogeneous with respect to religion. There are no significant differences in the frequency of religious practices in the inter-generation section. About one-third of all the subjects are regularly practicing Catholics; similarly, one-third perform the religious practices not regularly, and over 20% have declared that they are not practicing Catholics at all. More than 60% participate in Polish services and religious celebrations. According to the data from the Polish Catholic Mission's inquiry, in the 60-ies Polish priests had permanent or frequent contacts with 250 000 Poles and persons of Polish descent. The older emigrants usually participate in Polish services. However, their children and grandchildren have adopted many French religious customs, among others, more frequent going to communion. Polish immigrants have brought a lot of spiritual values to the French society and by their affiliation to Polish ministration establishment they have enriched the French local Church in the religious respect, and at the same time they have adopted a lot of religious contents from the French Church, and hence a considerable process of integration, understood as a mutual exchange of values, has taken place.
Źródło:
Studia Polonijne; 1981, 4; 159-176
0137-5210
Pojawia się w:
Studia Polonijne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przywództwo w Polonii kanadyjskiej
Leadership among Poles in Canada
Autorzy:
Heydenkorn, Benedykt
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1987360.pdf
Data publikacji:
1982
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
Mass emigration of Poles to Canada can be divided into two phases: first between 1895 and 1914 and the second being a midwar period. Polish emigrants settled down on Canadian prairies. There was in fact only one special kind of leadership that they really needed. Spiritual leadership was what they demand for. Therefore the first form of organizations were local parishes with their priests as their natural leaders. However, they could act only on a very limited scale confined to local territories. Organizational life of Polish colony in Canada was weak until it became united through concentration of people of Polish origin in municipal centers. It is estimated that 4-7% of the whole community belongs to ethnic organizations in Canada. Both in the period of the most intensive affluence of Polish emigrants and nowadays there wasn’t in Canada any Polish emigrants leader of all-Canadian importance, although there were and there are now particular organizations leaders enjoying respect and having influence. Leaders of Polish emigrants are mostly elected and as long as they control the organization they hold the dignity of a leader. In the first phase among the persons of weight were priests of the Holy Spirit parish and at the same time members of an editorial staff of „Gazeta Katolicka” - priest W. Kulawy, priest F. Kowalski, priest W. Grochowski. In later period among persons of importance playing leading roles in various organizations there should be mentioned S. Hai- dasz, P. Staniszewski, C. Bielski, T. Glista and P. Teraska among others. However, it was not for individuals to play the authentic role of a Polish colony leaders, at least at the first stage of emigration, but for papers such as: „Catholic Gazette” („Gazeta Katolicka”) and „Time” („Czas”). It seems then that if one wants to specify the most characteristic trait of the leadership in Polish colony in Canada, one should speak about collective leadership of papers.
Źródło:
Studia Polonijne; 1982, 5; 89-102
0137-5210
Pojawia się w:
Studia Polonijne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 1152

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