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    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
    Tytuł:
    Biologiczne „środki perswazji” w obszarze polityki - bioterroryzm
    Biological "means of persuasion" in the Policy Area – Bioterrorism
    Autorzy:
    Hołub, Adam
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2046446.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
    Tematy:
    bioterrorism
    terrorism
    extremism
    pathogenic agents
    anthrax
    ricin
    botulinum
    bioterroryzm
    terroryzm
    ekstremizm
    patogeny
    wąglik
    rycyna
    botulina
    Opis:
    The article presents biological factors as attractive means of persuasion that can be used by perpetrators of political violence. Through the analysis of the potential harm, effectiveness and efficiency of such factors and actual terrorist attacks, it should be concluded that biology can be an attractive reservoir of means that can be used in bioterrorism. Biological destructive resources can be: bacteria, rickettsiae, viruses, as well as: bacterial, fungal, plant and animal toxins. The reality of bioterrorism indicates that they were and probably will be used in attacks against political and other adversaries. Bioterrorism is a terrorist activity with the use of pathogenic agents. Among the most popular agents in the first decades of the 21st century are anthrax and ricin. It should be noted that, in theory, the victims number of this type of attack should be very high. In reality, there have been only few casualties as a result of terrorist attacks involving pathogens. However, it is important to remain vigilant and prepare the relevant services and the public for a hypothetical attack.
    Artykuł ukazuje czynniki biologiczne jako atrakcyjne środki perswazji, które mogą być wykorzystywane przez sprawców przemocy politycznej. Poprzez analizę potencjału szkodliwości, efektywności i efektowności czynników tego typu oraz rzeczywistych ataków o charakterze terrorystycznym należy uznać, że biologia może stanowić i stanowi atrakcyjny rezerwuar środków możliwych do wykorzystania w bioterroryzmie. Biologicznymi swoistymi środkami rażenia mogą być zarówno bakterie, riketsje, wirusy, jak i toksyny bakteryjne, grzybicze, roślinne i zwierzęce. Rzeczywistość związana z bioterroryzmem wskazuje, iż były one i zapewne nadal będą wykorzystywane w atakach skierowanych wobec politycznych i nie tylko adwersarzy. Bioterroryzm to działalność terrorystyczna z wykorzystaniem czynników chorobotwórczych. Do najpopularniejszych czynników w pierwszych dekadach XXI wieku należą wąglik i rycyna. Należy zauważyć, że teoretycznie ofiary tego typu ataków powinny być bardzo liczne. W rzeczywistości w wyniku ataków terrorystycznych z użyciem patogenów ofiar było niewiele. Należy jednak zachować czujność i przygotować odpowiednie służby oraz społeczeństwo na hipotetyczny atak.
    Źródło:
    Teoria Polityki; 2021, 5; 85-102
    2543-7046
    2544-0845
    Pojawia się w:
    Teoria Polityki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of glycosylated flavonoids extracted from sweet-cherry stems, as antibacterial agents against pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates
    Autorzy:
    Aires, Alfredo
    Dias, Carla
    Carvalho, Rosa
    Saavedra, Maria
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1038644.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
    Tematy:
    flavonoids
    agro-food wastes
    enhanced extraction
    antimicrobial agents
    pathogenic bacteria
    Opis:
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the bioactivity of flavonoids extracted from sweet-cherry stems which are often used by a traditional system of medicine to treat gastro-intestinal and urinary tract infections but lacking any consistent scientific evidence; moreover the information about the class of phenolics, their content and the potential bioactivity of such material is very scarce. Thus, in this context, we have set a research study in which we evaluated the profile and content of phenolics extracted from sweet-cherry stems through a conventional (70ºC and 20 min) and ultrasound assisted extraction (40 kHz, room temperature and 20 min). The extracts were phytochemically characterized by using an HPLC-DAD-UV/VIS system and assayed by an in vitro minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) bioassay against Escherichia coli isolates. Simultaneously, the total antioxidant activities were measured using the 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate (ABTS•+) radical cation assay. Our results indicate that sweet-cherry stems have a high content of sakuranetin, ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, p-coumaroylquinic acid, chlorogenic acid and its isomer neochlorogenic acid. Their average levels were highly affected by the extraction method used (p<0.001). The same trend was observed for total antioxidant activity and MIC values. The extracts produced with ultrasounds presented both, a higher total antioxidant activity and a lower minimum inhibitory concentration. Statistical analyses of our results showed a significant correlation (p<0.01) of total antioxidant activity and minimum inhibitory concentration with phenolics present in the extracts studied. Thus, we can conclude that cherry stems can be further exploited to purify compounds and produce coproducts with enhanced biologically added value for pharmaceutical industry.
    Źródło:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2017, 64, 2; 265-271
    0001-527X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Molecular identification of pathogenic Fusarium species, the causal agents of tomato wilt in western Iran
    Autorzy:
    Chehri, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66185.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    molecular identification
    pathogen
    Fusarium
    causal agent
    tomato
    Lycopersicon esculentum
    wilt pathogen
    pathogenicity
    phylogenetic analysis
    Iran
    Opis:
    Fusarium species are causal agents of fungal diseases occurring frequently in numerous agriculturally important plants, including potato, garlic and are one of the common pathogens of tomato, causing root rot in the west part of Iran. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to isolate and identify disease-causing Fusarium species from infected tomatoes based on the morphological and molecular characteristics. Twenty-five isolates of Fusarium were obtained from infected root of tomato plants collected from the fields in different regions of western Iran. Based on morphological features, the strains were classified into four following Fusarium species: F. oxysporum, F. redolens, F. proliferatum and F. verticillioides. The phylogenetic trees based on tef1 and tub2 dataset clearly distinguished closely related species. All of the isolates were evaluated for their pathogenicity on healthy tomato seedlings in the greenhouse. This is the first report on molecular identification of Fusarium species isolated from tomato plants cultivated in Iran.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2016, 56, 2
    1427-4345
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of bio-agents on pathogenic fungi associated with roots of some deciduous fruit transplants and growth parameters in New Valley Governorate, Egypt
    Autorzy:
    El-Morsi, M.E.-M.A.
    Abdel-Monaim, M.F.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66615.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Opis:
    Root rot and wilt disease complex was detected in several fig (Ficus carica L.), grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), and pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) transplants in nurseries and new orchards of the El-Kharga, Baris, Balate, El-Dakhla, and El-Farafrah districts, of the New Valley governorate, Egypt. The percentage of root rot/wilt incidence and severity on fig, grapevine, and pomegranate transplants in the surveyed districts differed. The average percentages of root rot/wilt incidence and severity, in the surveyed districts, were 41.26, 31.42% in fig, 38.2, 29.5% in grapevine, and 32.1, 23.7% in pomegranate transplants, respectively. The most frequently isolated fungi from rotted roots of fig, grapevine, and pomegranate transplants were Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, and Macrophomena phaseolina. In pathogenicity tests, all the tested fungi were pathogenic to fig, grapevine, and pomegranate transplants. Under laboratory conditions, all of the following tested bio-agents: Azotobacter sp., Bacillus cereus, B. megaterium, and B. subtilis, were able to inhibit growth of the causal pathogens to different degrees. The effect of these bio-agents individually and/or mixed, when used as a soil drench treatment, were varied in reducing the incidence and severity of root rot/wilt diseases in fig, grapevine, and pomegranate transplants under greenhouse conditions. The mixed bio-agents gave the highest protection against root rot/wilt diseases compared with the individually used of bio-agents. All treatments significantly increased plant height, number of leaves/transplant, leaf area, fresh and dry weight/transplant compared with the control treatment.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2015, 55, 2
    1427-4345
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Parasitic nematode larvae as agents of transmission of pathogenic bacteria
    Larwy nicieni pasożytniczych jako przenosiciele bakterii chorobotwórczych
    Lichinki parazitarnykh nematod kak perenoschiki patogennykh bakterijj
    Autorzy:
    Mantovani, A.
    Restani, R.
    Sanguinetti, V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2162130.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1976
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Parazytologiczne
    Źródło:
    Wiadomości Parazytologiczne; 1976, 22, 4-5; 379-383
    0043-5163
    Pojawia się w:
    Wiadomości Parazytologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evaluation Cephalosporins Resistance in Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated Clinically
    Autorzy:
    Obayes AL-Khikani, Falah Hasan Obayes
    Kadim, Bashar Jawad
    Ayit, Aalae Salman
    Abidalali, Mustafa Hamza
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031564.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Cephalosporins
    antibiotic resistance
    antimicrobial agents
    cefotaxime
    ceftriaxone
    third-generation cephalosporins
    Opis:
    Third-generation cephalosporins are a class of b-lactam antibiotics that are often used for the treatment of human infections caused by Gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. This study aimed to detect the pattern of bacterial antibiotic sensitivity to the third generation of cephalosporins that assist doctors with appropriate empirical therapy. For study purposes, various bacteria were isolated clinically from urine, high vaginal swab (cervical swab), ear and wound samples during the period from November 2019 to March 2020 at Al-Shomali general hospital, Babil, Iraq and a private laboratory in Babil city. A total of 154 patients were involved in this study, samples were processed at the hospital laboratory during this period, diagnosis and antibiotic sensitivity test having been done by routine bacteriological diagnosis, as well as by VITEK 2 system. Three common third-generation cephalosporins; cefotaxime, Cefotazidime, and ceftriaxone were evaluated. Out of these 154 samples, 46 (30%) have bacterial growth. Specimens with bacterial growth were taken from urine, cervical swab, ear discharge and wound infection, the counts being 24, 8, 8, and 6 respectively. All 46 isolated bacteria were 100% resistant to cefotaxime and Cefotazidime, while 36 (78%) were resistant to ceftriaxone. The prevalence of bacterial isolation in different specimens showed a high predominance of Enterococcus spp 16 (35%) from the total samples. The current study revealed that the increasing burden of bacterial resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, especially to cefotaxime and Cefotazidime, may due to misuse and inappropriate high administration of these drugs. This should be countered by early detection of development third-generation resistance in patients by restricted clinical monitoring and through judicious use of antibiotics. Of note, the highest rate of resistance was observed in age groups less than 15 years old.
    Źródło:
    World News of Natural Sciences; 2020, 31; 110-119
    2543-5426
    Pojawia się w:
    World News of Natural Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Biological screening and assessment of certain substituted monoazo heterocycles containing sulphur and / or nitrogen and their seleno like moieties
    Autorzy:
    Khalifa, M. E.
    Gobouri, A. A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/779055.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
    Tematy:
    thiophene
    antioxidant activities
    antitumor agents
    pathogenic microorganisms
    selenium
    Opis:
    The monoazo substituted five membered heterocycles, along with their seleno like moieties are still of interest in organic chemistry due to their medicinal and valuable applications. In continuation of our interest in the study of heterocyclic azo compounds containing sulphur and / or nitrogen heteroatoms, the synthesis of 5-aryl mono azo-thiazol-2-ylcarbamoyl-thiophene along with their seleno like derivatives of pyridine, pyridazine and quinolone, were accomplished. All the synthesized compounds were in vitro screening of their antioxidant activity, antitumor activity against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cell EACC cell line and antimicrobial activity against various pathogenic microorganisms, such as Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium) and fungi strains of Aspergillus flavus and Candida albicans. The structural–activity relationship was studied based on the obtained data.
    Źródło:
    Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2017, 19, 4; 28-35
    1509-8117
    1899-4741
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Przyczyny pojawiania się nowych chorób ryb oraz rozprzestrzeniania się mikroorganizmów chorobotwórczych i nowych pasożytów
    Agents accounted for the emerging new fish diseases and for the spread of pathogenic microorganisms and parasites
    Autorzy:
    Antychowicz, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/862185.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Krajowa Izba Lekarsko-Weterynaryjna
    Źródło:
    Życie Weterynaryjne; 2016, 91, 01
    0137-6810
    Pojawia się w:
    Życie Weterynaryjne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pathogenicity and quantitative resistance in Mediterranean durum and bread wheat cultivars of Syrian origin towards Fusarium head blight agents under controlled conditions
    Autorzy:
    Sakr, N.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2084875.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Fusarium head blight (FHB)
    pathogenic variation
    Triticum aestivum
    wheat resistance
    Triticum durum
    Opis:
    Although Syrian high-yielding wheat cultivars grown under Mediterranean conditions include acceptable levels of resistance to biotic constraints, little is known about their susceptibility to Fusarium head blight (FHB), a harmful disease of wheat cultivation worldwide. The capacity of 16 fungal isolates of four FHB species to confer the disease on spikes and spikelets of six widely grown old and modern Syrian durum and bread wheat cultivars with known in vitro quantitative resistance to FHB was evaluated. Quantitative traits were visually assessed using spray and point inoculations for determining disease development rates, disease incidence (DI) and disease severity (DS) under controlled conditions. Differences in pathogenicity and susceptibility among wheat cultivars were observed, emphasizing the need for breeders to include aggressive isolates or a mixture of isolates representative of the FHB diversity in their screenings for selection of disease resistant cultivars. Bread wheat cultivars showed lower levels of spike and spikelet damage than durum cultivars regardless of the date of cultivar release. Overall, the six wheat cultivars expressed acceptable resistance levels to initial fungal infection and fungal spread. Quantitative traits showed significant correlation with previous standardized area under disease progress curve (AUDPCstandard) data generated in vitro. Thus, the predictive ability of AUDPCstandard appears to be crucial in assessing pathogenicity and resistance in adult wheat plants under controlled conditions. While in the Mediterranean countries the risk of disease is progressively increasing, the preliminary data in this report adds to our knowledge about four FHB species pathogenicity on a Syrian scale, where the environment is quite similar to some Mediterranean wheat growing areas, and show that Syrian cultivars could be new resistant donors with favorable agronomical characteristics in FHB-wheat breeding programs.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2019, 59, 4; 451-464
    1427-4345
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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