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Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
Tytuł:
Biskupi w obradach sejmu grodzieńskiego 1793 roku
Bishops in the Deliberations of the Grodno Seym of 1793
Autorzy:
Stroynowski, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/46180929.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
sejm grodzieński 1793 r.
Józef Kossakowski
Ignacy Massalski
Wojciech Skarszewski
rozbiory Rzeczypospolitej
Grodno Seym of 1793
Jozef Kossakowski
partitions of the Commonwealth
Opis:
Na sejmie grodzieńskim pojawiła się wyjątkowo skąpa liczba senatorów, wśród których znalazło się tylko trzech biskupów: Józef Kossakowski, Ignacy Massalski i Wojciech Skarszewski. Ich udział w obradach był niezbędny dla zapewnienia względnej legalności sejmu rozbiorowego w Grodnie, ponieważ musieli reprezentować episkopat z Wielkopolski, Małopolski i Litwy. Musieli też uczestniczyć w pracach deputacji sejmowych, którym najczęściej przewodniczyli, co szczególnie często powierzano Skarszewskiemu. W tym wyjątkowym sejmie biskupi nie mieli możliwości uchylenia się od wyrażania swojego zdania w czasie głosowań, co przełożyło się na ich bardzo dużą aktywność oratorską. Wiązała się z tym konieczność prezentowania odpowiednich zdolności krasomówczych, którymi byli obdarzeni w nierównym stopniu. Szczególnie widoczne różnice występowały w sile ich głosu, której pozbawiony był już Massalski, najstarszy i najbardziej schorowany w ich gronie. Różnili się też umiejętnością doboru odpowiedniej argumentacji, szczególnie istotnej dla pozyskania poparcia w sprawie ratyfikacji cesji terytorialnych na rzecz Rosji i Prus, którą to umiejętność w najszerszym zakresie prezentował Kossakowski, zaś nieporadnością w tym względzie charakteryzował się Skarszewski. Wszyscy natomiast prezentowali jednakową uległość wobec żądań zaborców, kierując się interesem własnym (w tym pobierając pensje od ambasadorów) czy też bojaźliwością. Przez opinię publiczną uznani zostali za zdrajców i ostatecznie w 1794 r. dwaj z nich zostali skazani na karę śmierci; ułaskawienia doczekał się tylko Skarszewski, co nie zmienia jego oceny.
An exceptionally small number of senators appeared at the Grodno Seym, among whom there were only three bishops: Józef Kossakowski, Ignacy Massalski and Wojciech Skarszewski. Their participation in the deliberations was necessary in order to ensure the relative legality of the partition parliament in Grodno, because they had to represent the episcopate from Greater Poland, Lesser Poland and Lithuania. They also had to participate in the work of parliamentary deputies, which they usually chaired, a position often entrusted to Skarszewski. In this exceptional Seym, the bishops had no opportunity to avoid expressing their opinion during the voting, which translated into their very high oratorical activity. It was connected with the need to present appropriate oratory skills, which they were endowed with to an uneven degree. Particularly noticeable differences were in the strength of their voice, though Massalski was already deprived of it as oldest and most ailing in their group. They also differed in the ability to choose the right argumentation, which was particularly important for gaining support for the ratification of territorial cessions to Russia and Prussia, a skill which was demonstrated to the greatest extent by Kossakowski, while Skarszewski, at the same time, was characterized by clumsiness. Still, all of them presented the same submissiveness to the demands of the invaders, guided by their own interest (including collecting salaries from ambassadors) or timidity. They were considered traitors by public opinion and finally, in 1794, two of them were sentenced to death and only Skarszewski was pardoned, which did not change the way he was seen by the public.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica; 2023, 112; 209-238
0208-6050
2450-6990
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Commission of National Education and its transformation from 1773 to 1794
Komisja Edukacji Narodowej i jej przemiany w latach 1773–1794
Autorzy:
Bartnicka, Kalina
Dormus, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2058123.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-31
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii Nauki im. Ludwika i Aleksandra Birkenmajerów
Tematy:
Commission of National Education
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Partitions of Poland
suppression of the Jesuit Order
education system reform in 17th-century Poland
Komisja Edukacji Narodowej
Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodów
rozbiory Polski
kasata zakonu jezuitów
reforma szkolnictwa w XVII-wiecznej Polsce
Opis:
The unexpected news about the suppression of the Society of Jesus by Pope Clement XIV arrived in Warsaw in September 1773 during the Sejm summoned for the purpose of ratifying the First Partition of the territory of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The pope decided to subordinate the schools and the estate owned by the Jesuits to the secular clergy. Despite the pope’s recommendation, the parliamentarians decided to nationalise post-Jesuit schools and their estate. A central state office, the Commission of National Education, was established to supervise those schools. The post-Jesuit estate, converted into an educational fund under the authority of the Commission, would be used solely for the operations of schools and teachers as well as for a profound education reform. The Commission was instituted on 14 October 1773 and took charge of education and public schools without exceptions. In 1776, despite many obstacles, it assumed full control over its educational fund and commenced work immediately. Despite the belief generally held today, in its 20 years of existence, the Commission of National Education was significantly transformed on several occasions and did not operate without stopping. What was invariable were the concept and objective of the Commission and its schools: to raise an enlightened, public-oriented and happy man, a good citizen and patriot, capable of building a happy and wealthy society and a strong state. In 1795, Poland lost its independence for 123 years, but owing to the Commission’s activity, a new nation was born that was prepared to fight for its freedom.
Źródło:
Rozprawy z Dziejów Oświaty; 2018, 55; 9-60
0080-4754
Pojawia się w:
Rozprawy z Dziejów Oświaty
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wypisy źródłowe do biografii polskich biskupów i opatów z czasów Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów oraz niewoli narodowej doby zaborów (XVI-XIX W.) (cz. XII)
Source extracts for the biographies of Polish bishops and abbots from the time of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Partitions of Poland (16th and 19th centuries). (Part XII)
Autorzy:
Prokop, Krzysztof R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023527.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-06-27
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
biskup
opat
Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodów
biografia
zabory
bishop
abbot
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
biography
partitions
Opis:
The twelfth part, closing the series Source extracts, comprises three sections. The first two, entitled Monastica and Varia, bring another portion of information, taken from the archives and manuscripts, for the biographies of the representatives of the Old Polish hierarchy of the Catholic Church - bishops, abbots and abbesses. The third one is a cumulative index of the included persons, which comprises all the previous parts of Source extracts. It enables researchers to easily explore the rich and diverse material published in 2004-2013, and referring to a total of 683 characters. The index also includes the related editions on this topic, published by the same publisher in the pages of the semi-annual “Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne” – it mentions, however, only those persons who appear in the individual parts of Source extracts. A wealth of factual data, introduced into the scientific world thanks to this series, should greatly assist in further prosopographical studies on the Old Polish church elites, particularly in the often postulated development of biographical dictionaries of both bishops and abbots from the time of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Źródło:
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne; 2014, 101; 141-215
0518-3766
2545-3491
Pojawia się w:
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Artykuł recenzyjny książki Jana Sowy Fantomowe ciało króla. Peryferyjne zmagania z nowoczesną formą, Universitas, Kraków 2012
Review of Jan Sowa’s book The Phantom Body of the King. Peripheral Struggles with Modern Form, Universitas, Cracow 2012
Autorzy:
Lewandowska-Malec, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/926068.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
monarchia absolutna
demokracja szlachecka
Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodów
rozbiory
zacofanie
absolute monarchy
Nobles’ Democracy
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Partitions
underdevelopment
Opis:
The main thesis of the book reviewed is an assumption that Poland and other countries of East-Central Europe suffer from a chronic underdevelopment, whose sources the Author is trying to find in the past. The review focuses on one of the two main themes of the book, i.e., leaving out the economic issues, it concentrates on the politics. The Author sets out to claim that only those countries develop correctly which have experienced absolute monarchy in their history. Referring to the idea of Ernst Kantorowicz, Jan Sowa assumes that such a political system is the only guarantee of stability and continuity of a country: on the death of the “physical body” of the king, his “political body” continues to last. In Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, because of the elective character of the monarchy and the claims of the nobility to play the role of the sovereign, the “political body” disappeared, and the country turned out to be a “phantom body.” For the Author, this means an atrophy of the country following the death of the last Jagiellonian king, Sigismund II Augustus. Between 1572 and 1795 there is no Polish statehood, since the Author regards the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth as only an “illusion.” Both the theories presented above and the sources used to prove their correctness raise substantial doubts. The Author confuses basic notions, identifying sovereignty with absolutism, and he makes basic historical mistakes, regarding the Jagiellons’ throne in the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland as hereditary, and also assuming the factual decay of statehood as early as in 16th century, with its symbolic confirmation in 18th century. He finds the grounds for his theories in political theology and psychoanalysis, using historical and legal historical sources to a very limited extent.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia z Historii Państwa i Prawa; 2013, 6, 3; 285-301
2084-4115
2084-4131
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia z Historii Państwa i Prawa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wypisy źródłowe do biografi i polskich biskupów i opatów z czasów Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów oraz niewoli narodowej doby zaborów (XVI-XIX w.)(Cz. X)
Source extracts for the biography of Polish bishops and abbots from the time of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Partitions of Poland (16th and 19th centuries). (Part X)
Autorzy:
Prokop, Krzysztof R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1026440.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-06-25
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
biskup
opat
Kościół katolicki
dokumenty
zbiór
bishop
abbot
Catholic Church
documents
repertory
Opis:
The tenth part of the cycle for Source extracts for the biography of the Polish bishops and abbots from the time of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Partitions of Poland is entirely dedicated to the testimonies of the ordination of bishop representatives of the Old Polish Catholic episcopate at various times and circumstances. These testimonia consecrationis were taken from different categories of sources-primarily from (acta sacrarum functionum), from the books acta episcopalia, acta actorum capituli, records of informative process concerning bishoprics, from correspondence and diaries-only unpublished. These testimonies refer to the group of 195 hierarchs (including 11 of the Greek Catholic rite, 2 the Armenian Catholic Rite and the rest-the Latin rite), but when it comes to particular centuries these testimonies are presented as follows: 15th. – 4, 16th. – 7, 17th – 43, 18th – 91, 19th – 50. So far, there has been no information where and when a large number of bishops were consecrated, so the following work, presenting substantial portion of factual data acquired directly from archive material, contributes enormously to the state of research on this issue.
Źródło:
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne; 2012, 97; 217-332
0518-3766
2545-3491
Pojawia się w:
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wypisy źródłowe do biografii polskich biskupów i opatów z czasów Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów oraz niewoli narodowej doby zaborów (XVI-XIX w.). Część XI
Source extracts for the biography of polish bishops and abbots from the time of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the partitions of Poland (16th and 19th centuries). Part XI
Autorzy:
Prokop, Krzysztof R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1026348.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-12-17
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
biskup
opat
zbiory archiwalne
dokumenty
bishop
abbot
archival records
documents
Opis:
The eleventh part of the cycle of the Source extracts for the biography of the Polish bishops and abbots from the time of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Partitions of Poland was divided into two separate subject areas, the fi rst of which is the continuation of the material presented in the previous part and it contains the information about the ordination of bishops (date, place, main consecrator, co-consecrators). This subject area includes notes regarding anointment of a total of 100 hierarchs of the 16th-19th centuries, representing mainly the Latin rite (only four Eastern rites). The other subject area, with the heading monastica, presents the materials for the biographies of abbots (this number also includes commendatory abbots) and abbesses of the Polish-Lithuanian-Ruthenian lands, representing both Latin and Greek-Catholic rite (Basilian Archimandrites). The total number is 43 people from the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries. The information presented in this and the previous ten parts of the Source extracts gives way to the study which could contribute significantly to the development in the area of biographical lexicons of Old Polish bishops and abbots. The issuing of such publication is something that is urgently demanded from the native church historiography as in this respect it remains far behind historiographies of other countries with Christian traditions.
Źródło:
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne; 2012, 98; 309-392
0518-3766
2545-3491
Pojawia się w:
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wypisy źródłowe do biografii polskich biskupów i opatów z czasów Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów oraz niewoli narodowej doby zaborów (XVI-XIX w.). Część IX
Source extracts used to prepare the biographies of Polish bishops and abbots from the period of The Commonwealth of Poland and Lithuania and the period of Poland’s Partitions. Part 9
Autorzy:
Prokop, Krzysztof R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1026839.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
źródło
historia
duchowieństwo
biskup
opat
source
history
clergy
bishop
abbot
Źródło:
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne; 2011, 95; 247-304
0518-3766
2545-3491
Pojawia się w:
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7

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