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    Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13
    Tytuł:
    Model of multipath propagation of ultrasonic pulses generated in soft tissue by linear arrays
    Autorzy:
    Celmer, M.
    Opieliński, K. J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332417.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
    Tematy:
    model of multipath propagation of ultrasonic pulses
    linear arrays of ultrasonic transducers
    crosstalk
    acoustical field
    water
    tissue
    Opis:
    Arrays of ultrasonic transducers used in medical diagnosis for safe and non-invasive visualization of the inside of a human body usually consist of many elementary piezoceramic transducers. In such an electromechanical construction of the array, while activating individual transducers, creation of crosstalk can be observed in the form of propagation of electric voltage and mechanical vibration on neighboring elements, which leads to distortion of the generated acoustical field, and in consequence reduces the quality of reconstructed medical images. Complexity of the problem rises rapidly in the case of arrays forming ultrasonic beams. In this paper, authors developed a numerical amplitude-phase model of multipath propagation of ultrasonic pulses generated in a soft tissue-like medium by such arrays. The model allowed simulation of acoustic field distributions, and to examine the influence of beam focusing in transmission mode on these distributions, taking into account electrical and mechanical crosstalk.
    Źródło:
    Hydroacoustics; 2016, 19; 37-48
    1642-1817
    Pojawia się w:
    Hydroacoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Model of multipath propagation of ultrasonic pulses in soft tissue using divergent beam tomography method
    Autorzy:
    Borowski, Jędrzej
    Opieliński, Krzysztof J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/127791.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Poznańska. Instytut Mechaniki Stosowanej
    Tematy:
    model of multipath propagation of ultrasonic pulses
    ultrasonic transducer ring array
    divergent wave beam
    soft tissue
    ultrasound tomography
    model wielościeżkowej propagacji impulsów ultradźwiękowych
    pierścieniowa głowica ultradźwiękowa
    rozbieżna wiązka fali
    tkanka miękka
    tomografia ultradźwiękowa
    Opis:
    The paper presents the model of calculating ultrasound waveform beam emitted inside the circular space of ultrasonic transducer ring array and propagated through a biological medium submerged in water. Each elementary transducer emits a burst signal, which then propagates through a medium and is received by a number of transducers on the opposite side of the ring array. The method allows for calculating runtime and amplitude of ultrasonic bursts while traveling from an emitter to a receiver through a specified soft tissue section geometry, having regard to the refraction and attenuation effects and directivity pattern of transducers. The soft tissue section geometry is constructed using circular shapes with given ultrasound speed and attenuation distribution. The elaborated software creates a set of received waveforms for each transmitting transducer. The presented results produced by the software can be used as a basis for further research on inverse problems in ultrasound waveform tomography.
    Źródło:
    Vibrations in Physical Systems; 2019, 30, 1; 1-8
    0860-6897
    Pojawia się w:
    Vibrations in Physical Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Intra- and inter-cell interference investigations for broadband radio access systems above 10 GHz
    Autorzy:
    Bose, R.
    Hayn, A.
    Jakoby, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308404.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    multipath propagation
    interchannel interference
    Opis:
    Local multipoint distribution systems (LMDS) operating above 10 GHz have a large bandwidth (2-3 GHz) but a very limited range. These systems can provide coverage to a few kilometers only. These systems can provide coverage to a few kilometers only. The size of the macro cells illuminated by the base stations, where line of sight (LOS) exists, is 1 to 6 km. To provide coverage to customers where LOS is not possible, repeaters or passive reflectors may be used. In this paper we present first results of reflection measurements at 42 GHz, and based on that, simple multipath studies, taking into account the beamwidth of the antennas of both, transmitter and receiver. Secondly, LOS cochannel and adjacent channel interference are assessed for cellular LMDS networks. As suggested in the CRABS report, the maximal spectral efficiency can be obtained with a dual frequency and polarization reuse plan. This frequency and polarization reuse leads to interference. In this paper we have first calculated the cochannel interference (CCI) and the adjacent channel interference (ACI) due to the frequency/polarization reuse schemes suggested in the CRABS report. The effects of the variation of the half power beam width (HPBW) of the receiver, the time precentage parameter p, and the cell radius on C/I are also reported. In the latter part of the paper we propose a simple interference reduction technique based on re-orientation of the receiver antennas. We have also explored the possibility of using trellis coded modulation (TCM) for reducing interference levels. Initial results have been found to be quite encouraging.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2001, 2; 10-20
    1509-4553
    1899-8852
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Performance of the Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Underwater Acoustic Communication System with Differential Detection in Strong Multipath Propagation Conditions
    Autorzy:
    Schmidt, Jan H.
    Kochańska, Iwona
    Schmidt, Aleksander M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31339747.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2024
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
    Tematy:
    direct sequence spread spectrum
    DSSS
    m-sequences
    Kasami codes
    shallow-water channel
    multipath propagation
    underwater acoustic communications
    UAC
    Opis:
    The underwater acoustic communication (UAC) operating in very shallow-water should ensure reliable transmission in conditions of strong multipath propagation, significantly disturbing the received signal. One of the techniques to achieve this goal is the direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) technique, which consists in binary phase shift keying (BPSK) according to a pseudo-random spreading sequence. This paper describes the DSSS data transmission tests in the simulation and experimental environment, using different types of pseudo-noise sequences: m-sequences and Kasami codes of the order 6 and 8. The transmitted signals are of different bandwidth and the detection at the receiver side was performed using two detection methods: non-differential and differential. The performed experiments allowed to draw important conclusions for the designing of a physical layer of the shallow-water UAC system. Both, m-sequences and Kasami codes allow to achieve a similar bit error rate, which at best was less than 10−3. At the same time, the 6th order sequences are not long enough to achieve an acceptable BER under strong multipath conditions. In the case of transmission of wideband signals the differential detection algorithm allows to achieve a significantly better BER (less than 10−2) than nondifferential one (BER not less than 10−1). In the case of narrowband signals the simulation tests have shown that the non-differential algorithm gives a better BER, but experimental tests under conditions of strong multipath propagation did not confirm it. The differential algorithm allowed to achieve a BER less than 10−2 in experimental tests, while the second algorithm allowed to obtain, at best, a BER less than 10−1. In addition, two indicators have been proposed for a rough assessment which of the detection algorithms under current propagation conditions in the channel will allow to obtain a better BER.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Acoustics; 2024, 49, 1; 129-140
    0137-5075
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Acoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Coverage Improvements for Sub-Terahertz Systems Under Shadowing Conditions
    Autorzy:
    Mohr, Werner
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24200742.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    multipath propagation
    radio range
    received power
    reconfigurable intelligent surface
    RIS
    shadowing
    Opis:
    Radio propagation in the millimeter wave and sub-terahertz domain is heavily affected by shadowing conditions. The communication link is blocked without any additional technical means being used. Coverage improvements can be provided by using reflectors, RIS arrays, and repeaters to direct radio waves around corners or obstacles. These concepts show different performance and complexity levels affecting their network deployment. This paper investigates the achievable radio range or the received power to compare specific deployment concepts under realistic propagation conditions. Overall, the repeater solution provides either the largest radio range or the lowest necessary total transmit power compared to reflectors or RIS arrays and, thereby, is the most sustainable approach. A RIS array requires an additional centralized signal processing capacity for calculating optimized RIS settings and results in the highest level of network deployment complexity.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2023, 3; 1--10
    1509-4553
    1899-8852
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Modeling the Geometry of an Underwater Channel for Acoustic Communication
    Autorzy:
    Naman, Hala A.
    Abdelkareem, A. E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2174453.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    channel impulse response
    geometry channel model
    multipath propagation
    underwater acoustic communication
    Opis:
    The achievement of efficient data transmissions via underwater acoustic channels, while dealing with large data packets and real-time data fed by underwater sensors, requires a high data rate. However, diffraction, refraction, and reflection phenomena, as well as phase and amplitude variations, are common problems experienced in underwater acoustic (UWA) channels. These factors make it difficult to achieve high-speed and long-range underwater acoustic communications. Due to multipath interference caused by surface and ocean floor reflections, the process of modeling acoustic channels under the water’s surface is of key importance. This work proposes a simple geometry-based channel model for underwater communication. The impact that varying numbers of reflections, low water depth values, and distances between the transmitter and the receiver exert on channel impulse response and transmission loss is examined. The high degree of similarity between numerical simulations and actual results demonstrates that the proposed model is suitable for describing shallow underwater acoustic communication environments.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2022, 4; 3--12
    1509-4553
    1899-8852
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wyznaczanie odpowiedzi kanału radiokomunikacyjnego za pomocą ciągu pseudolosowego
    Determination of Radio Communication Channel Responds with the Help of a Pseudorandom Sequence
    Autorzy:
    Garus, J.
    Noga, K.M.
    Sudański, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/159144.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Elektrotechniki
    Tematy:
    kanał radiokomunikacyjny
    odpowiedź impulsowa kanału
    radio communication channel
    channel impulse response
    multipath propagation
    Opis:
    W artykule opisano metodę wyznaczania odpowiedzi kanału radiokomunikacyjnego na wymuszenie jakim był sygnał wysokiej częstotliwości zmodulowany ciągiem pseudoprzypadkowym. Odpowiedź impulsowa określana była poprzez wyznaczanie korelacji wzajemnej pomiędzy sygnałem odebranym a sygnałem nadawanym. Ponadto przedstawiono wyniki badań eksperymentalnych w rzeczywistym środowisku propagacyjnym.
    The paper describes the method of the determination of a radio communication channel response when a high-frequency signal modulated with psuedorandom sequence is used as the input of channels. The impulse response was calculated by means of a cross-correlation between received and sent signals. Results of experiments in a real-world environment are inserted.
    Źródło:
    Prace Instytutu Elektrotechniki; 2016, 272; 63-74
    0032-6216
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace Instytutu Elektrotechniki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Performance comparison of ToA and TDoA based tracking in underwater multipath environments using bernoulli filter
    Autorzy:
    Gunes, Ahmet
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32917889.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
    Tematy:
    underwater target tracking
    bernoulli filter
    Time-of-Arrival
    Time-Difference-of-Arrival
    underwater multipath propagation
    Opis:
    Underwater localization and tracking is a challenging problem and Time-of-Arrival and Time-Difference-of-Arrival approaches are commonly used. However, the performance difference between these approaches is not well understood or analysed adequately. There are some analytical studies for terrestrial applications with the assumption that the signal arrival times are not correlated. However, this assumption is not valid for underwater propagation. To present the distinct nature of the problem under the water, a high-fidelity simulation is required. In this study, Time-of-Arrival and Time-Difference-of-Arrival approaches are compared using a ray tracing based propagation model. Moreover, basic methods to mitigate the multipath propagation problem are also implemented for Bernoulli filters. Since the Bernoulli filter is a joint detection and tracking filter, the detection performance is also analysed. Comparisons are done for all combinations of filter and measurement approaches. The results can help to design underwater localization systems better suited to the needs.
    Źródło:
    Polish Maritime Research; 2023, 1; 135-144
    1233-2585
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Maritime Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Error probability and error stream properties in channel with slow Rician fading
    Autorzy:
    Noga, K.M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/309378.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    Rician fading channels
    multipath propagation
    bit error probability
    stream of errors
    weighted spectrum of errors
    block error probability
    Opis:
    In a radio communication channel wave parameters fluctuate randomly. The signal envelope undergoes deep fades. When binary information is transmitted through such a channel, fading causes random variation of probabilities of error associated with the detection of individual elementary signals, which produces a clustering of errors. The paper presents an analytical description of the probability of bit error in the channel with very slow Rician fading and Gaussian noise for noncoherent and coherent detection. Digital systems employing error detection or error correction coding are generally based on the transmission of blocks of N sequential bits. Expressions are given for the probability of n errors occurring in N bits (weighted spectrum of errors) and the probability of more than n errors in a block of N bits (block error probability) for noncoherent frequency shift keying (NCFSK). Also the calculations are presented graphically. Keywords- Rician fading channels, multipath propagation, biterror probability, stream of errors, weighted spectrum of errors,block error probability.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2003, 4; 3-8
    1509-4553
    1899-8852
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Empirical Seasons Fadings in Radio Communication at 6 GHz Band
    Autorzy:
    Bogucki, J.
    Wielowieyska, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308892.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    line-of-sight radio links
    multipath
    propagation
    Opis:
    This paper covers unavailability of line-of-sight radio links due to multipath propagation. Multipath fading in the atmosphere is not permanent phenomenon. The five year investigation results of the received radio signal fading in the radio links and their season empirical distributions are presented.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2009, 2; 48-52
    1509-4553
    1899-8852
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Fading duration in line-of-sight radio links at 6 GHz
    Autorzy:
    Bogucki, J.
    Wielowieyska, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308731.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    fading
    line-of-sight radio links
    multipath
    propagation
    Opis:
    Broadband fixed wireless access, local multipoint distribution service networks are promising wireless solutions to connect fixed users to the backbone network instead of wired copper or fiber optic networks, via point-to-multipoint cellular networks. Channel capacity is of primary importance in broadband fixed wireless access networks due to increasing demand for multimedia services and possibility of providing wireless internet. Modern radio transmission systems are specifically designed for meeting two main objectives: to provide a solution for long distance networks with high transmission capacity, and to guarantee the highest link quality. Availability of a radio-relay system is very important and dependent on many factors, particularly propagation conditions in the troposphere. The article describes wave propagation that determines the performance of a radio-relay path at 6 GHz. Attenuation of received signal level measured in this frequency range depends on propagation condition on terrestrial path. Examples of measured fading duration of are presented.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2013, 2; 14-18
    1509-4553
    1899-8852
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Closed-form Distribution and Analysis of a Combined Nakagami-lognormal Shadowing and Unshadowing Fading Channel
    Autorzy:
    Singh, R.
    Rawat, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/309183.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    multipath shadowing fading
    outage probability
    propagation
    wireless communication system
    Opis:
    The realistic wireless channels face combined (time shared) Nakagami-lognormal shadowing and unshadowing fading because of time varying nature of radio channel and mobile user. These channels can be modeled as time-shared sum of multipath-shadowing and unshadowing Rician distributions. These fading create severe problems in long distance wireless systems where multipath fading is superim-posed on shadowing fading (called multipath-shadowing fading). The multipath effect can be modeled using Rayleigh, Rician, Nakagami-m or Weibull distribution and shadowing effect is modeled using lognormal distribution. In this paper, authors present a new closed-form probability distribution function of a Nakagami-lognormal fading channel. Using this result, the closed-form expression of combined Nakagami-lognormal shadowing and unshadowing fading is presented. The obtained closed-form result facilitates to derive the important performance metrics of a communication system such as amount of fading, outage probability, and average channel capacity in closed-form expressions.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2016, 4; 81-87
    1509-4553
    1899-8852
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Influence Of Propagation Environment On The Accuracy Of Emission Source Bearing
    Autorzy:
    Ziółkowski, C.
    Kelner, J. M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/220529.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    DF
    methodology of bearing measurement
    bearing accuracy
    measurements in multipath environment
    power azimuth spectrum
    Opis:
    This paper focuses on the radio direction finding (DF) in multipath environments. Based on the measurement results presented in the open literature, the authors analyse the influence of environment transmission properties on the spread of the signal reception angle. Parameters that define these properties are rms delay and angle spreads. For these parameters, the mutual relationship is determined. This relationship is the basis for assessment of the required number of bearings that minimize the influence of the environment on the accuracy of DF procedure. In the presented analysis, the statistical properties of the signal reception angle are approximated by the normal distribution. The number of bearings versus the rms delay spread is presented as the main objective of this paper. In addition, a methodology of the bearings’ spatial averaging that provides better estimation of the reception angle is shown.
    Źródło:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2015, 22, 4; 591-600
    0860-8229
    Pojawia się w:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13

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