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Tytuł:
NTO-based Melt-cast Insensitive Compositions
Autorzy:
Trzciński, W. A.
Lasota, J.
Chyłek, Z.
Szala, M.
Paszula, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358929.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
NTO
insensitive explosives
melt-cast explosives
Opis:
This paper presents research on insensitive melt-cast explosive compositions based on 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) and containing TNT, wax, Al and RDX. The viscosity of the compositions in the operating temperature range was measured. Thermal analysis was performed as well as thermal stability and sensitivity to mechanical and thermal stimuli were tested. The detonation parameters were also determined. Finally, the acceleration ability (Gurney energy) and the JWL coefficients for the detonation products were established.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2016, 13, 3; 592-611
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Topliwe kruszące materiały wybuchowe
Melt cast high explosives
Autorzy:
Cudziło, S.
Trzciński, W. A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/211260.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna im. Jarosława Dąbrowskiego
Tematy:
topliwe materiały wybuchowe
parametry detonacyjne
melt-cast explosives
detonation parameters
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono stan aktualny i perspektywy rozwoju kruszących mieszanin wybuchowych, które mogą być formowane w ładunki metodą odlewania. Kolejno omówiono typowe składy, właściwości i sposoby otrzymywania mieszanin trotylu z proszkami glinu oraz z heksogenem lub oktogenem. W nowszych, tzw. małowrażliwych kompozycjach, trotyl został zastąpiony 2,4 dinitroanizolem, natomiast zamiennikami heksogenu lub oktogenu są 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-on, nitroguanidyna i/lub chloran(VII) amonu. Zmniejszoną wrażliwością charakteryzują się także kompozycje, w których składnik niskotopliwy jest substancją niewybuchową. W tej roli stosuje się woski naturalne lub różnego rodzaju polimery, np. polibutadien z końcowymi grupami hydroksylowymi, polietery lub polikaprolakton z energetycznymi plastyfikatorami. Najbardziej zaawansowanymi odlewalnymi materiałami wybuchowymi są kompozycje zawierające energetyczne, termoplastyczne elastomery i wysokoenergetyczne związki wybuchowe (w tym wysokoazotowe) w formach krystalicznych o jak najmniejszym stopniu zdefektowania.
This paper reviews the current state and future developments of melt-cast high explosives. First the compositions, properties and methods of preparation of trinitrotoluene based (TNT) conventional mixtures with aluminum, hexogen (RDX) or octogen (HMX) are described. In the newer, less sensitive explosive formulations, TNT is replaced with dinitroanisole (DNAN) and nitrotriazolone (NTO), nitroguanidine (NG) or ammonium perchlorate (AP) are the replacement for RDX and HMX. Plasticized wax or polymer-based binder systems for melt castable explosives are also included. Hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HPTB) is the binder of choice, but polyethylene glycol, and polycaprolactone with energetic plasticizers are also used. The most advanced melt-cast explosives are compositions containing energetic thermoplastic elastomers and novel highly energetic compounds (including nitrogen rich molecules) in whose particles are nanosized and practically defect-less.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej; 2014, 63, 4; 43-55
1234-5865
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Explosive Properties of Melt Cast Erythritol Tetranitrate (ETN)
Autorzy:
Künzel, M.
Matyáš, R.
Vodochodský, O.
Pachman, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358875.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
sensitivity
detonation velocity
melt cast
erythritol tetranitrate
Gurney velocity
Opis:
Erythritol tetranitrate (ETN) is a low melting, solid, nitrate ester with significant explosive properties. The increased availability of its precursor (erythritol), which is now used as a sweetener, has attracted attention to the possible misuse of ETN as an improvised explosive. However, ETN also has some potential to be used as a component of military explosives or propellants. This article focuses on the properties of melt-cast ETN. The sensitivity of the compound towards impact and friction was tested. The explosive performance was evaluated, based on cylinder expansion tests and detonation velocity measurements. The impact energy and friction force required for 50% probability of initiation was 3.79 J and 47.7 N, respectively. A Gurney velocity value of G = 2771 m·s−1 and a detonation velocity of 8027 m·s−1 at a charge density of 1.700 g·cm−3, were found for the melt-cast material. The sensitivity characteristics of melt-cast ETN does not differ significantly from either literature values or the authors’ data measured using the crystalline material. The explosive performance properties were found to be close to those of PETN.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2017, 14, 2; 418-429
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Melt-Cast Composition Based on NTO and FOX-7
Autorzy:
Belaada, A.
Trzciński, W. A.
Chyłek, Z.
Szala, M.
Paszula, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358828.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
NTO
FOX-7
low-sensitivity explosives
melt-cast explosives
Opis:
A melt-cast composition containing NTO, FOX-7, TNT, Al and wax was prepared and tested. The viscosity of the melted composition was measured. Its sensitivity to impact, friction, shock wave and jet impact were determined, and its thermal stability and ignition temperature were established. Some detonation properties of the composition were investigated. The heat of detonation was measured using a calorimetric bomb. The detonation pressure and velocity were determined in a plate-dent test. The results of a cylinder test were used for the determination of the Gurney energy, the detonation pressure and energy, and the so-called effective exponent of the expansion isentrope and the JWL equation of state of the detonation products.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2016, 13, 4; 882-902
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Studies on FOX-7 Based Melt Cast High Explosive Formulations
Autorzy:
Mishra, V. S.
Vadali, S. R.
Garg, R. K.
Joshi, V. S.
Wasnik, R. D.
Asthana, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358915.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
melt cast
FOX-7
LOVEX
shock sensitivity
VOD
impulse
IMs
Opis:
The key driving force in modern explosive research is the development of low vulnerable high explosive (LOVEX) compositions for future applications in insensitive munitions (IMs). The increasing demand for LOVEX has led to exhaustive studies on low vulnerable explosives as a replacement for conventional cyclo-1,3,5-trimethylene-2,4,6-trinitramine (RDX) in 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) melt cast high explosive formulations. In the present study, 1,1-diamino-2,2dinitroethene (FOX-7) has been evaluated as a possible RDX replacement in TNT based, non-aluminized as well as aluminized, melt cast formulation. FOX-7 based melt cast formulations were characterized for their sensitivity to mechanical/shock stimuli, velocity of detonation (VOD), blast parameters and thermal decomposition behavior. These characteristics are compared with the corresponding RDX based compositions as reference standard. The studies show that with little sacrifice on performance parameters, FOX-7 based, non-aluminized and aluminized, melt cast formulations are found to be less vulnerable, compared with the corresponding RDX based formulations.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2013, 10, 4; 569-580
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Tungsten on Aluminized Melt Cast High Explosive Formulations
Autorzy:
Mishra, V. S.
Bhagat. A., L.
Vadali, S. R.
Singh, V. K.
Wasnik, R. D.
Asthana, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358355.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
tungsten
MOUT
low intensity conflict
peak over pressure
impulse
Opis:
Aluminized 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) based, melt-cast, high explosive compositions are widely used in warheads. These compositions offer a blast effect over a larger period due to the secondary combustion of aluminum. During recent times tungsten based explosives have been reported for lethality at close range to avoid collateral damage in low intensity conflicts (LIC) and find application in shaped charges to enhance their penetration capability. This paper reports findings on tungsten-based, melt-cast, explosive formulations. The compositions were prepared by substituting aluminum with tungsten in the reference aluminized, high explosive formulation. The compositions were characterized for their sensitivity to mechanical/shock stimuli, velocity of detonation (VOD) and blast performance. The study reveals that the impact sensitivity remains comparable on incorporating 10% tungsten at the cost of aluminum whereas an increase in tungsten content to 20% leads to an increase in impact sensitivity. However friction sensitivity and shock sensitivity remained more or less unchanged. The velocity of detonation (VOD) of tungsten-loaded, aluminized formulations is found to be comparable to the standard aluminized formulation. The peak over pressure of tungsten-based formulations is lower than the reference, aluminized composition at close range but is almost unchanged at long range. The impulse of tungsten-based formulations is also lower than the reference, aluminized composition. The reduction in impulse at close range is substantial on replacing 10% aluminum with inert tungsten.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2012, 9, 2; 147-154
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Studies on NTO-, FOX-7- and DNAN-based Melt Cast Formulations
Autorzy:
Mishra, V. S.
Vadali, S. R.
Bhagat, A. L.
Garg, R. K.
Kugaonkar, V. M.
Raman, S.
Sinha, R. K.
Asthana, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358500.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
melt cast
DNAN
TNT
FOX-7
NTO
RDX/TNT
VOD
sensitivity
Opis:
In the present paper, 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) has been evaluated as a melt cast explosive in comparison to the widely used 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). The detonation failure diameter of a bare DNAN charge is greater than 100 mm and about 44 mm with 1.5 mm steel confinement. Comparative studies of two sets of formulations were carried out. The first set comprised formulations containing 60% of NTO, FOX-7, HMX or RDX and 40% of DNAN or TNT. The second set comprised formulations containing 30% of NTO, FOX-7, TATB or RDX and 70% of DNAN or TNT. The studies were mainly concentrated on characterization of the formulations, which included determination of the sensitivity parameters and the velocity of detonation (VOD). The study confirmed that DNAN and DNAN-based formulations are relatively insensitive compared to TNT and the analogous TNT-based formulations respectively. The rate of the detonation reaction of DNAN is enhanced in the presence of the high energy ingredients RDX, HMX, FOX-7 and NTO to varying degrees. The VODs of the FOX-7/TNT and RDX/TNT formulations match closely with the proportions of FOX-7 and RDX under study. The VOD and shock sensitivity of the FOX-7/DNAN formulations decrease rapidly compared to the RDX/DNAN formulations, with increases in the proportion of FOX-7 or RDX. The combinations of NTO with TNT, and NTO with DNAN, are more shock insensitive than TNT or DNAN alone. NTO-based compositions are more insensitive than FOX-7-based compositions.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2017, 14, 2; 403-417
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermal Degradation Behaviour and Kinetics of aged TNT-based Melt Cast Composition B
Autorzy:
Singh, Arjun
Sharma, Tirupati Chander
Singh, Vasundhara
Mukherjee, Niladri
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358256.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
composition B
thermal degradation
thermogravimetry
Differential Scanning Calorimetry
kinetics
thermodynamic parameters
Opis:
In the present paper, three kinds of aged and freshly prepared 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) based Composition B stockpiled, for a period of 20 and 32 years, were investigated for the effect of natural ageing on their thermal degradation behaviour and kinetic parameters. The properties investigated indicated that there was no significant change in the thermal stability of the samples aged under natural environmental conditions. The kinetic parameters were studied by means of the Kissinger method using the peak temperature at maximum reaction rate from DSC data, and the isoconversional Kissinger-Akahira-Sunnose (KAS) and ASTM E689 methods from TGA data. The apparent activation energies calculated by the Kissinger method were 173.8 kJ·mol–1 for fresh, 170.4 kJ·mol–1 for 20 y old and 187.1 kJ·mol–1 for 32 y old Composition B, respectively. The values calculated by the KAS method were found to be in the range 77.2-235.8 kJ·mol–1 for fresh Composition B, 75.7-224.0 kJ·mol–1 for 20 y old and 70.4-196.0 kJ·mol–1 for 30 y old Composition B, respectively. The activation energies obtained from the KAS methods are in good agreement and consistent with the isoconversional ASTM E689 kinetic method. The thermodynamic parameters, such the Gibbs free energy of activation (ΔG#), activation enthalpy (ΔH#) and activation entropy (ΔS#) for the formation of activated complexes were also studied and are discussed.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2019, 16, 3; 360-379
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Melt-cast Energetic Matrices with 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazole Derivatives for Composite Explosives
Autorzy:
Komarova, Marina
Vakutin, Aleksey
Kazutin, Maxim
Kozyrev, Nikolai
Sukhanov, Gennady
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1063044.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
melt-cast energetic matrix
3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole
TNT
composite explosives
Opis:
Safety requirements for the manufacture, use and storage of high-energy materials and explosive substances necessitate a search for new insensitive components of fusible energetic matrices (propellant matrices) in order to completely or partially replace 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazole derivatives and their melt-casts with TNT may be proposed as such replacements. Differential scanning calorimetry was employed to characterize the thermal behaviour of 1-methyl-3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole, 1-ethoxymethyl-3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole, t-butyl-3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole and their melt-casts with TNT. This study showed that 1-methyl-3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole and its melt-casts with TNT was the best for explosive systems based on 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-1,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW), 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane (HMX) and guanylurea dinitramide (GUDN). The present article also presents data for the mechanical sensitivity of these explosives and their calculated detonation characteristics. The composite explosive based on HMX with 1-methyl-3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole has a calculated detonation velocity the same as HMX with TNT, but the sensitivity of HMX/TNT is 1.3-1.7 times higher.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2020, 17, 3; 344-361
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermal Analysis and Sensitivity Studies on Guanylurea Dinitramide (GUDN or FOX-12) Based Melt Cast Explosive Formulations
Autorzy:
Badgujar, D.
Talawar, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358782.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
guanylurea dinitramide
FOX-12
insensitive explosive
sensitivity
thermal analysis
Opis:
Guanylurea dinitramide (GUDN or FOX-12) is a stable salt of dinitramidic acid with good thermal stability, and is a good candidate for insensitive formulations. Thermal analysis reveals the compatibility of GUDN with benchmark explosives such as RDX and TNT in melt cast explosive formulations. The paper describes a thermal and sensitivity study of GUDN with RDX and TNT. In the present study GUDN was evaluated as a possible replacement for RDX/TNT based aluminized and non aluminized melt cast explosive formulations. The thermal properties of the composition were investigated as well as its sensitivity to impact and friction. Its thermal decomposition behavior was compared to a control composition based on RDX and TNT. The thermal and sensitivity results proved the worth of these compositions for melt cast explosive applications.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2017, 14, 2; 296-303
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Characteristics of Melt Cast Compositions Based on cis-1,3,4,6-Tetranitrooctahydroimidazo-[4,5 d] imidazole (BCHMX)/TNT
Autorzy:
Elbeih, A.
Zeman, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358268.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
nitramines
BCHMX
sensitivity
detonation
brisance
Opis:
cis-1,3,4,6-Tetranitrooctahydroimidazo-[4,5 d]imidazole (BCHMX) is a new bicyclic nitramine which has been prepared using a two-stage synthetic method. In this work, a new melt cast composition based on BCHMX/TNT (60/40 by wt.) was prepared. For comparison purposes, Composition B based on RDX (1,3,5-trinitro1,3,5-triazacyclohexane)/TNT (60/40 by wt.), and HMX (1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7tetraazacyclooctane)/TNT (60/40 by wt.) were also studied. Impact and friction sensitivities of these compositions and of the individual explosives were determined. The detonation velocities were measured experimentally. The performance of the compositions prepared was studied by measuring the brisance using the Kast method. The detonation parameters of the compositions and the individual explosives were calculated using the EXPLO5 thermodynamic code. The results show that mixing these nitramines with TNT decreases their sensitivities. BCHMX/TNT is more sensitive to impact and friction than Composition B while it has higher detonation parameters, at the same level as HMX/TNT. In comparison, BCHMX/TNT has the highest relative brisance of the compositions studied. It is postulated that the higher performance characteristics of BCHMX and compositions based on it, in comparison with those of HMX, are due to a higher positive heat of formation for this nitramine.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2014, 11, 4; 501-513
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of Detonation Performance and Characteristics of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene Based Melt Cast Explosives Containing Aluminum by Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
Autorzy:
Rezaei, Amir Hossein
Keshavarz, Mohammad Hossein
Tehrani, Masoud Kavosh
Darbani, Mohammad Reza
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358347.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
laser induced breakdown
spectroscopy
molecular structure
chemical analysis
Opis:
Aluminized melt cast formulations based on 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) deliver an enhanced blast effect because the secondary combustion process of aluminum (Al) occurs beyond the detonation zone. A new method is introduced to assess the detonation performance and characteristics of aluminized TNT explosives on the basis of the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique, in both air and argon (Ar) atmospheres. The plasma emissions of the prepared samples were recorded, where the atomic lines of Al, C, O and H as well as the molecular bands of AlO, CN and C2 were identified. A good discrimination and separation between the samples was possible using LIBS and principle component analysis (PCA), although they had similar atomic compositions. The quantitative calibration curve obtained using the relative intensity of Al/O was used to determine the detonation velocity/pressure and aluminum content of the TNT/Al samples. Comparisons between experimental and theoretical spectra were made using a Nelder–Mead temperature program for CN bands, which provided good agreement with the fitted spectra. Finally, CN vibrational temperatures were calculated from these spectral fittings. These temperatures have higher values in an Ar atmosphere than in an air atmosphere. Thus, increasing the oxygen concentration can decrease these temperatures in TNT/Al standard samples.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2019, 16, 1; 3-20
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
3,4-Bis(4'-nitrofurazan-3'-yl)furoxan: a Melt Cast Powerful Explosive and a Valuable Building Block in 1,2,5-Oxadiazole Chemistry
Autorzy:
Stepanov, A. I.
Dashko, D. V.
Astrat'ev, A. A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358174.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
3,4-bis(4'-nitrofurazan-3'-yl)furoxan
furazan
furoxan
1,2,5-oxadiazole
azepine
Opis:
The results of our studies on the reactivity of 3,4-bis(4'-nitrofurazan-3'- yl)furoxan (BNFF), with some O- and N-nucleophiles are presented. It is shown that both nitro groups of BNFF can be easily replaced by nucleophiles. Depending on the identity of the nucleophile, BNFF may be transformed into two types of 1,2,5-oxadiazole derivatives, notably 4-R substituted bis(4-R-furazan-3-yl) furoxanes or 7-R substituted 7H(7R)-tris[1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-b:3',4-d:3",4"-f]]azepine-1-oxides - a new heterocyclic system comprised of an azepine ring annelated with three 1,2,5-oxadiazole rings.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2012, 9, 4; 329-342
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Synteza i badanie właściwości fizykochemicznych 1-propylo-2-nitroguanidyny
Synthesis and Properties of 1-propyl-2-nitroguanidine
Autorzy:
Szala, Mateusz
Skrobisz, Konrad
Gołofit, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2203153.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna im. Jarosława Dąbrowskiego
Tematy:
materiały wybuchowe
kompozyty wybuchowe
topliwa osnowa
synteza
skaningowa kalorymetria różnicowa
spektroskopia w podczerwieni
explosives
explosive composites
melt-cast matrix
differential scanning calorimetry
infrared spectroscopy
Opis:
Wykonano syntezę 1-propylo-2-nitroguanidyny (PrNQ) wg oryginalnie zmodyfikowanej metody (podanej przez Davisa i Luce w 1927 r.), pozwalającej otrzymywać jednorazowo ok. 160 g produktu o czystości wystarczającej do dalszych badań. Strukturę cząsteczki PrNQ potwierdzono techniką magnetycznego rezonansu jądrowego (NMR). Temperatura topnienia PrNQ wyznaczona techniką skaningowej kalorymetrii różnicowej (DSC) wynosiła 99°C przy szybkości ogrzewania 1°C/min. Rozkład egzotermiczny następuje w tych warunkach w temperaturze ok. 200°C. Wyniki badania wrażliwości na bodźce mechaniczne uzyskane dla PrNQ wskazują, że jest to materiał o odporności zbliżonej do jednego z najmniej wrażliwych materiałów wybuchowych, jakim jest 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzen (TATB). Wykazano, że czysta PrNQ może być formowana metodą prasowania na zimno oraz techniką odlewania.
The synthesis of 1-propyl-2-nitroguanidine (PrNQ) was performed, according to an originally modified procedure, and ca. 160 g of PrNQ was obtained in a single run. The purity of it is sufficient for further research. The structure of PrNQ molecule has been confirmed by using nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (NMR). The melting (99°C) and decomposition (200°C) points were determined by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at a heating rate of 1°C/min. Mechanical sensitivity tests showed that PrNQ is an nergetic material with impact sensitivity similar to the sensitivity of one of the least-sensitive explosives, i.e., 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB). It has been shown that PrNQ can be elaborated by cold pressing or melt-cast technique.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej; 2022, 71, 1; 35--43
1234-5865
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Odtajnione polskie wynalazki dotyczące kompozycji kruszących materiałów wybuchowych
Polish disclosed secret patents on high explosive compositions
Autorzy:
Miszczak, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2200785.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Wojskowy Instytut Techniczny Uzbrojenia
Tematy:
kompozycje kruszących materiałów wybuchowych
topliwe materiały wybuchowe
plastyczne materiały wybuchowe
prasowane materiały wybuchowe
polskie odtajnione patenty
high-explosive compositions
melt-cast explosives
plastic explosive
pressed explosives
disclosed Polish secret patents
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono rezultaty poszukiwań i analiz treści odtajnionych opisów patentowych polskich wynalazków z zakresu otrzymywania topliwych (odlewanych), plastycznych oraz prasowanych kruszących kompozycji wybuchowych. W wyniku poszukiwań w przedmiotowym zakresie znaleziono 13 opisów patentowych wynalazków [1-13], z których zdjęto klauzulę tajności i ogłoszono o tym w Wiadomościach Urzędu Patentowego RP w latach 2007-2014. Wynalazki te zostały zgłoszono do Urzędu Patentowego w latach 1960-1994.
Results of search and analyses of Polish disclosed secret patents on melt-cast, plastic and pressed explosive compositions, were presented. As a result of above search and analyses, thirteen [1-13] patent descriptions of inventions were found. These inventions were applied as secret ones to the Polish Patent Office in years 1960-1994. Information pieces about their disclosure, i.e. about removing secrecy from them, were published in the announcements of the News of the Polish Patent Office, issued in years 2007-2014.
Źródło:
Problemy Techniki Uzbrojenia; 2022, 51, 162; 49--66
1230-3801
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Techniki Uzbrojenia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 20

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